ANNUAL REPORTS, WAR DEPARTMENT FISCAL YEAR ENDED JUNE 30, 1932 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS U. S. ARMY 1932 IN TWO PARTS PART 1 UNITED STATES GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE WASHINGTON : 1932 For sale by the Superintendent of Documents, Washington, D. C. - - - - - Price $2.50 (cloth) ANNUAL REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS UNITED STATES ARMY 1932 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS UNITED STATES ARMY WAR DEPARTMENT, OFFICE OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, Washington, September 2, 1932. Subject: Annual Report. To: The Secretary of War. I present for your information the following report upon river and harbor improvement work, including flood control operations, under charge of the Corps of Engineers for the fiscal year ending June 30, 1932: RIVERS AND HARBORS The improvement of rivers and harbors of the continental United States and of Puerto Rico, Alaska, and the Hawaiian Islands, is prosecuted in accordance with projects that have been authorized by Congress. The number of projects in force is 954 exclusive of the projects for flood control of the Mississippi River and its tributaries, the Sacramento River, Calif., Missouri River at Niobrara, Nebr., and Yankton, S. Dak., and the operation and. maintenance of the hydro- electric development at Dam No. 2, Muscle Shoals, Tennessee River. The amount expended on the maintenance and improvement of river and harbor works for the year was $75,596,331.25; on flood con- trol, $29,228,802.03; on the operation and care of canals, removal of wrecks, and other purposes covered by permanent definite and in- definite appropriations $8,683,043.02; for the construction of Dam No. 2, Muscle Shoals, $14,801.60, the operation and maintenance of the hydroelectric development thereat, $247,561.36; and for surveys for an interoceanic canal, $7,079.65; a total of $113,777,618.91. It is estimated that the average force employed on this work, including contractors' employees, was in excess of 40,000. With these expenditures the channels heretofore provided have been adequately maintained, as required in the interest of navigation, and highly satisfactory progress has been made in advancing new work on uncompleted projects. The operations during the year on the several projects of improve- ment, and the present condition of these projects are set forth in 4 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1932 detail in this report. Active operations were in progress on 361 projects. The improvement of the Missouri River to secure a navigation channel 6 feet deep to Kansas City has been actively continued, and the work necessary for a completely controlled and regulated river is about 92 per cent completed. The entire channel is becoming fixed and at ordinary stages a 6-foot depth is available from Kansas City to the mouth. For the total length of 398 miles, regulation works and revetment are considered as substantially completed throughout 375 miles, and partially completed in the remaining 23 miles. Local interests have constructed a municipal terminal at Kansas City. Exercises attended by the Secretary of War were held the last week of June to mark the formal opening of the 6-foot channel to Kansas City. As soon as the river has been placed in a wholly satisfactory condition below Kansas City, operations will be pressed on the im- provement to Sioux City, which is now being prosecuted on a lesser scale. On the Illinois River the locks and other works begun by the State on the project for the Illinois waterway, work on which was taken over by the Federal Government under the provisions of the river and harbor act of 1930, are approaching completion and should be ready for navigation before the close of the present navigation season. The alteration of the bridges crossing the Illinois and Des Plaines Rivers, necessary to render navigation through them rea- sonably free, easy, and unobstructed, has been ordered by the Secre- tary of War in accordance with law. Upon the completion of these bridge alterations the waterway will afford a highly important con- nection between the Mississippi River system and the Great Lakes. On the upper Mississippi River, from the mouth of the Illinois to Minneapolis, excellent progress has been made on the construction of locks and dams to provide a 9-foot channel at low water with widths suitable for long-haul, common-carrier service. During the fiscal year the main lock at Rock Island was completed and the dam and auxiliary works begun. The completion of the works at this locality will afford excellent navigation facilities over what has been one of the most difficult portions of the river. The second lock at the Twin City locks and dam, between St. Paul and Minneapolis, was completed during the fiscal year. Commencement of work on the lock and dam at Alma, the next in importance on the program, was delayed by injunction arising from the acquisition of the site. This injunction has been removed, and the necessary legal proceed- ings to acquire the site have been resumed. On the Mississippi River, from St. Louis to the mouth, and on the Ohio River satisfactory navigation conditions were maintained throughout the year. On the Ohio River, construction has been be- gun on a new lock and dam at Montgomery Island to replace three of the early movable dams which would otherwise soon require re- construction. The new lock and dam will afford far superior navi- gation facilities. A new lock was completed on the Monongahela River, and two modern locks practically completed on the upper part of the Kanawha River. Excellent progress has also been made on the projects for the improvement of our seacoast harbors. The much needed widening RIVERS AND HARBORS 5 of the main channels in New York Harbor, authorized by the river and harbor act of 1930, has been advanced toward completion. The 35-foot channel to Philadelphia was completed during the year, and a channel 37 feet deep provided at Baltimore to serve the ore ter- minal on the harbor. The channel to Corpus Christi, Tex., was deepened to 30 feet to meet the requirements of this growing port. The deepening of the channels between the Great Lakes to afford vessel drafts of 24 feet at low-water datum is actively under way, and the completion of this extensive project at a cost well under the estimates is assured. The new breakwaters at Oswego Harbor are practically completed, and contract entered into for deepening the harbor areas. The inland waterway along the Atlantic coast was advanced dur- ing the fiscal year by the completion of the section from Beaufort, N. C., to Cape Fear River, and the section from Cape Fear River to the south boundary of the State of North Carolina is well advanced. With the completion during the present season of the latter section, the remaining work required to provide a protected waterway from the Delaware River to Miami, Fla., is the excavation of a land cut through Horry County, S. C., rights of way for which have not yet been perfected. The tide lock in the waterway south of Norfolk was practically completed during the fiscal year. The total length of the entire waterway from Delaware Bay to Miami, Fla., included in the projects for improvement, is about 1,169 miles, of which 955 miles have been completed, 44 miles have not yet been begun, and 170 miles require enlargement under the project. On the Gulf coast active progress was continued on the sections of the Louisiana-Texas intracoastal waterway extending from New Orleans to Galveston Bay. Extension of the waterway eastward from Mobile to Pensacola is partially completed, and the remaining work placed under contract. The total number of locks operated during the year under the permanent indefinite appropriation for the operation and care of such works was 299 and the number of dams 218. In the execution of river and harbor works during the year a total of approximately 281,171,000 yards of material were moved, and 2,247,600 tons of stone placed in breakwaters. The policy has been continued to execute works by contract when reasonable prices are received. During the past fiscal year 56.6 per cent of the work has been done by contract, and 43.4 per cent by Government plant and hired labor. The amount required for the completion of authorized river and harbor projects, within the limits of the authorized appropriations, is $178,500,000, and on flood control, $166,960,100, a total of $345,460,- 100. These amounts take into account the appropriations provided by the War Department act approved July 14, 1932, and the emer- gency relief and construction act approved July 21, 1932. Commerce.-Waterborne commerce for the calendar year 1931 amounted in the aggregate to 445,648,000 tons, a decrease of 74,632,- 000 tons under that of 1930. The reported value of this commerce was $14,935,000,000, a decrease of $5,187,000,000 under that of 1930. 6 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1932 Flood control of the MississippiRiver.--Highly satisfactory prog- ress was made in the prosecution of the flood-control work on the Mississippi River. .A total of 79,515,000 cubic yards of earth was placed in the levees duriii the fiscal year. The protection levee and related works for the Birds point-New Madrid flood way were com- pleted. The concrete weir of the Bonnet Carre spillway, and the side levees are practically completed. A plan for the comprehensive improvement of the river between Cairo and Memphis with works to stabilize the navigation channel by dikes and revetments has been vigorously prosecuted and is being continued. This is the part of the river below Cairo in which the maintenance of a 9-foot channel dur- ing low-water periods offers the most serious difficulties under present conditions. Flood-control works on the Mississippi between Rock Island, Ill. and Cape Girardeau, Mo., and on outlets and tributaries as affected by backwaters of the Mississippi, have been prosecuted when local contributions for such work, as required by law, have been provided. The Federal allotments on this work during the fiscal year have been $670,294.96. With the emergency fund provided for the repair and maintenance of flood-control works on any tributaries of the Mississippi threat- ened or destroyed by flood, the department was able promptly to assist localities on the Yazoo, Ouachita, and Red Rivers which were subjected to unusual floods in the spring of 1932. But for this assist- ance distress would have been much greater than it was. In addi- tion, under the provisions of the amendment of June 19, 1930, to the flood control act of May 15, 1928, reimbursements that were not made last year have been made to needy levee districts which spent money in the repair of their flood-control works after the 1927 flood and before the passage of the act of May 15, 1928. The sum of $785,- 032.29 has been allotted for these purposes at various localities in the Mississippi Valley. During the year satisfactory progress was made on the flood-control surveys of tributaries of the Mississippi River system, about 90 per cent of the work being completed. Surveys.-Reports on 242 preliminary examinations and surveys have been transmitted to Congress during the past fiscal year. In addition, 46 reviews of previous reports requested by resolutions of the Committee on Commerce of the Senate or the Committee on Rivers and Harbors of the House of Representatives have been for- warded to the committees. The comprehensive surveys of nearly 200 rivers with a view to the formulation of general plans for the most effective improvement of such streams for the purposes of nav- igation, in combination with the most efficient development of poten- tial water power, the control of floods, and the needs of irrigation, have been continued. During the year reports on 47 of these rivers have been completed and transmitted to Congress, making a total of 110 such investigations that have been completed. The field work on the survey for the Interoceanic Canal across Nicaragua was com- pleted in July, 1931, and the Engineer troops engaged on the work sailed from Corinto for the United States on July 16, 1931. An officer and one enlisted man remained in Nicaragua to continue the RIVERS AND HARBORS collection of hydrological and meteorological data and are at pres- ent employed on this work.: Miscellaneous civil works.--Miscellaneous civil works under the Corps of Engineers are varied in character and include the adminis- tration of the Federal laws enacted for the protection and preserva- tion of navigable waters of the United States governing the estab- lishment of regulations for the use, administration, and navigation of navigable waters, the approval of plans of bridges, the alteration of obstructive bridges, the establishment of anchorage grounds and harbor lines, the removal of sunken vessels obstructing or endanger- ing navigation, the granting of permits for structures or operations in navigable waters, the supervision of the harbor of New York to prevent obstruction or injurious deposits in the tidal waters thereof, including the waters of Long Island Sound; the construction of Anacostia Park and the reclamation and development of Anacostia River and Flats, D. C.; the maintenance and repair of the Washing- ton Aqueduct, and increasing the water supply of the city of Wash- ington; surveys and charting of the northern and northwestern lakes, including the Lake of the Woods; studies for the preservation of Niagara Falls, and the supervision of power companies diverting water therefrom; the carrying into effect of the provisions of the convention between the United States and Great Britain to regulate the level of the Lake of the Woods; the investigation of claims for damages caused to inhabitants of the United States by the artificial raising of the level of that lake, the report on which was submitted to Congress February 16, 1931; investigations under the Rainy Lake reference, agreed to between the United States and Great Britain, for determining questions concerning the possible regulation of the level of the lake and adjacent waters; reports of international boards on power plant operations affecting the St. Croix River, Maine and New Brunswick, Lake Memphremagog, and the St. Lawrence River; and construction and maintenance of roads and trails in Alaska. Activities in connection with all of these duties have been in prog- ress during the fiscal year. The Chief of Engineers has undertaken the establishment of requisite clearances for bridges to be erected over important water- ways or sections thereof wherever feasible, thereby enabling interests proposing the construction of bridges to have a basis for the prepara- tion of their plans. During the year clearances were prescribed for the Mississippi River and tributaries between Cairo and the upper limrits 0f the city of New Orleans; Connecticut River below Holyoke Dam; Great Lakes connecting waters and St. Lawrence River; Hud- son River above One hundred and seventy-eighth Street, New York City; Columbia River and the Willamette River. The establishment of standard clearances on other waterways is still in progress. Great Lake---St. Laawenoe deep wa ter~zy.-The joint board of engineers consisting of Col. Harley B. Ferguson, Col. Edward M. Markham and Ma.: Eugene Reybold, Corps of Engineers, repre- senting the United States, and Duncan W. McLachlan, Dr. Olivier O. Lefebvre, and Brig. Gen. Charles Hamilton Mitchell, representing the Dominion of Canada, presented its final report on October 9. 1932, on the improvement of the international section of the St. Lawrence River, and under date of July 18, 1932, a treaty was signed 8 REPORT OF CHIEF, OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1932 on behalf of the United States and the Dominion of Canada, for construction of the Great Lakes-St. Lawrence deep waterway. The total cost of the waterway is estimated at $543,429,000, of which the United States's share is $272,458,000, and that of Canada $270,976,000. The estimate provides,for credit to both Governments for expendi- tures already incurred or under way on contingent works, such as the deepening of the Great Lakes connecting channels by the United States and the Welland Canal by Canada. The report of the joint board estimates seven years as a reasonable construction period, although unforeseen conditions may require a longer period. Preparations were in progress on June 30 for the transfer of duties pertaining to the construction and maintenance of roads in Alaska to the Department of the Interior as provided for by Congress in the act of June 30, 1932. Advance planning of work for the improvement and maintenance of authorized river and harbor and flood control projects has re- ceived very careful study during the year, and programs therefor in compliance with the requirements of the employment stabilization act of 1931, in so far as these requirements apply, have been pre- pared in full cooperation with the director of the Federal Employ- ment Stabilization Board. Organization.--In accordance with the instructions of the Presi- dent, division engineers have been placed in responsible charge of the field operations of the department in each of the major areas of the nation within which the work should be prosecuted on com- prehensive and coordinated plans. There are seven divisions, viz, the North Atlantic, South Atlantic, Gulf of Mexico, Pacific, Lower Mississippi Valley, Upper Mississippi Valley, and Great Lakes. The president of the Mississippi River Commission is the division engineer of the Lower Mississippi Valley division. Each division is made up of from 3 to 11 engineer districts, with a district engineer in immediate and responsible charge of operations within the district. The consolidation of the 13 districts on the Atlantic coast into a single division is advisable, but effective administration will require its subdivision into two sectors. The upper Mississippi Valley division has been divided into three sectors each embracing the major subdivisions in the interior waterway system. The effectiveness of this organization is dependent upon the selec- tion of the most capable officers for the highly responsible positions of division and sector engineer, and will be promoted by affording these officers temporary rank appropriate to the respective positions and responsibilities. I renew my recommendation of last year that the temporary rank and pay of brigadier general should be conferred upon officers who hold the position of division engineer, and recommend that when sector engineers are appointed they have the temporary rank and pay of colonel. This recommendation is not based on a desire to secure pay in excess of that of the appropriate grades in the Army at large, but to afford proper and necessary latitude in the selection of these officers without being constrained to seniority of permanent rank in the military service. RIVERS AND HARBORS 9 The organization proposed under the foregoing recommendation is as follows: Atlantic division: North Atlantic sector (seven districts). South Atlantic sector (six districts). Gulf of Mexico division (five districts). Lower Mississippi Valley division (three districts). Upper Mississippi Valley division: Ohio River sector (six districts). Mississippi River sector (three districts). Missouri River sector (three districts). Great Lakes division (five districts). Pacific division (six districts). The division engineer of the lower Mississippi Valley division now holds the rank of brigadier general as president of the Missis- sippi River Commission as prescribed by law. The proposed or- ganization would provide the temporary rank of brigadier general for five officers, and of colonel for not to exceed five officers. The Chief of Engineers holds the temporary rank of major gen- eral. The division engineer is the next logically in rank; a sector engineer would have charge of the subdivision of next importance. If it be proper for the Chief of Engineers to have the rank of major general, it is consequently proper for the division engineer to hold the rank of brigadier general, as one of them now does by virtue of special legislation, and for the proposed sector engineer to hold the rank of colonel. The selection of officers for the key positions of division and sector engineer, without restriction as to their relative. seniority of rank in the Army, is a factor of prime importance in securing the most effective results. Efficient administration can be secured only when the several positions of authority are in accordance with the rank established by law. I therefore renew my recommendation for the authorization by law of five brigadier generals and five colonels in the Corps of Engineers as division and sector engineers respec- tively, to be appointed by the President and to hold such rank temporarily during such time as they may perform the duties of division and sector engineers. Appropriations.-The funds with which the works for the im- provement of rivers and harbors were prosecuted during the past fiscal year were derived from the appropriations made by War Department appropriation acts, and from such appropriations as have been provided by other general acts and by special acts of Congress. The following works are provided for by permanent appropria- tions: Removing sunken vessels; operating snag and dredge boats on upper Mississippi River and tributaries; removing obstructions in Mississippi River; gaging waters of the Mississippi River and its tributaries; examinations and surveys at South Pass, Mississippi River; maintenance of South Pass Channel, Mississippi River; op- erating snag boats on Ohio River; operating and care of canals, etc.; and support and maintenance of the Permanent International Association of the Congresses of Navigation. 10 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1932 Appropriations for rivers and harbors during fiscal year 1932: Permanent annual appropriations-------------------------- $297, 600. 00 Indefinite appropriations (warrants issued dur- ing fiscal year 1932)-- Operating and care of canals, etc-..---.- $7, 325,259.46 Removing sunken vessels, etc----------- 844,017.27 8, 169, 276. 73 Special fund (credits to account from licenses under Federal water power act June 10, 1920 (sec. 17), maintenance and operation of dams and other improvements to navigable waters ---------------------- _------- 182, 309.99 Total------------------ - ----------------------- 8, 649, 186. 72 The following amounts were appropriated for river and harbor and flood control work during July, 1932: War Department appropriation act of July 14, 1932: Maintenance and improvement of existing river and harbor works---------------- $60, 000, 000 Flood control, Mississippi River and tribu- taries -------------------------------- 32, 000, 000 Emergency fund for flood control on tribu- taries of Mississippi River---------------- 400, 000 Flood control, Sacramento River, Calif-------- , 000, 000 $93, 400, 000. 00 Emergency relief and construction act of July 21, 1932: Prosecution of river and harbor projects here- tofore authorized-----------------------30, 000, 000 Prosecution of flood control projects heretofore authorized---------------------------- 15, 500, 000 45, 500, 000. 00 Total---------------------------- ------------ 147, 549, 186. 72 War Department appropriation act of July 14, 1932: Maintenance and operation, Dam No. 2, Muscle Shoals, Tennes- see River, Ala., including the hydro-electrical development__ 245,184.00 The following amounts have been advanced by local interests for river and harbor improvements under the provisions of section 11, river and harbor act, March 3, 1925, and are returnable to them when the necessary Government funds are available: Balance due Amounts re- Amounts re- Balance due from United ceived dur- turned dur- from United Project District States July ing fiscal ing fiscal States June 1, 1931 year year 30, 1932 Ashland Harbor, Wis----------............ Duluth.... $40,000 .....-----------......... $40,000.00 Fairport Harbor, Ohio-------........-- Buffalo- ___--------......- $350, 000 $10, 932.86 339, 067.14 Honolulu Harbor, Hawaii-....... Honolulu.-- 350,000 -.------------.--.. ---.- 350,000.00 Oswego Harbor, N. Y........... Buffalo..... 100,000 ..----------------------- 100,000.00 Inland Waterway from Norfolk, Norfolk..... 200, 000 300, 000 200, 000. 00 300, 000.00 Va., to Beaufort Inlet, N. C. Saginaw River, Mich...----------....... Detroit_-...... -- 200,000 -------------- 200, 000.00 Total---------------......................----------.............. 690, 000 850, 000 210, 932. 86 1, 329, 067.14 Expenditures.-The total amount actually expended under the direction of the Chief of Engineers in connection with the improve- ment of rivers and harbors and flood-control work during the fiscal year ended June 30, 1932, is as follows: RIVERS AND HARBORS 11 Improvement of rivers and harbors (general) : New work ----------------- ------- $43, 960, 343.46 Maintenance------- --------------------------- 22, 191,252. 95 Surveys under House Document 308 (69th Cong., 1st sess.), new work ------ ------------------------------- 550, 166.82 Emergency construction act of Dec. 20, 1930-- New work------------------------------------- 7, 532, 139. 59 Maintenance----------------------------------- 1, 342, 667.73 Total----- ---- ------------------------------ 75, 576, 570.55 Surveys under sec. 10, flood control act May 15, 1928, new work----- --------------------------------- 763,445. 12 Improvement of Mississippi River under Mississippi River Commission : Flood control (general)-- New work ..----------- $25, 359,192.18 Maintenance ---------- 1, 592, 950.45 $26, 952, 142. 63 Emergency flood control on tributaries of Missis- sippi River- New work------------ 577, 014. 95 Maintenance ---------- 120, 000.00 697, 014. 95 27, 649, 157. 98 Improvement of Sacramento River under California D6bris Commission (flood control) : New work----- ------------------------------------ 810, 805.89 Maintenance-------------------------------- 4, 818.61 Total ---- ----------------------- -- 815, 624. 50 Summary : New work-------- -------------------------------- 79, 553, 108.01 Maintenance-------------------------------------- 25, 251, 689. 74 Aggregate Aggregate-------------------------------- 104, 804,797.75 -- 10,804, 797. 75 Examinations, surveys, and contingencies of rivers and harbors_ 225.00 Survey for flood control, Salmon River, Alaska__--- ____- ___ 574. 83 Removing sunken vessels, etc------------------------------ 780, 589. 89 Operating and care of canals, etc ___ _____ 7,241, 485. 59 Maintenance and operation of dams and other improvements to navigable waters_------------------------------------ 400, 000.00 Operating snag and dredge boats on upper Mississippi River and tributaries_______________--_____ 23,224.95 Operating snag boats on the Ohio River_.. ___________ - -___ 48, 420.97 Removing obstructions in Mississippi, Atchafalaya, and Old Rivers------------------------------------------------ 78,295. 48 Examinations and surveys at South Pass, Mississippi River__- 9, 662. 40 Maintenance of South Pass Channel, Mississippi River-------- 88, 840.82 Gaging waters of the Mississippi River and its tributaries--... 9, 450. 00 Permanent International Association of Congresses of Navi- gation ---------------------------------------------- 3,072.92 Expenses of California Debris Commission_ .___--------__ 19, 535.70 Total expenditures from" Government funds (river and harbor and flood-control work)------------------- 113,508, 176. 30 NoTE 1.-Additional expenditures of $9,100 made by the Mississippi River Com- mission are included in the amount stated for gaging waters of the Missis- sippi River and its tributaries. 12 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1932 NoTrE 2.--The foregoing statement of expenditures from river and harbor funds does not include the following expenditures made by the engineer department: Dam No. 2, Muscle Shoals, Ala. (construction) - $14, 801. 60 Maintenance and operation, Dam No. 2, Muscle Shoals, Ala --------------------------- 247, 561.36 $262, 362. 96 Interoceanic canals---------------- -------------------- 7, 079. 65 Total----------------------------------------- 269, 442. 61 Expenditures have also been made from funds contributed by States, municipalities, and private parties for improvements, as follows: Project New work Maintenance Total Elk and Little Elk Rivers, Md.--------.... -- $5,402.08 -------------- $5,402.08 Investigation of shore erosion, New Hampshire- - 3, 404.68 -------------- __ __ 3, 404. 68 Brazos Island Harbor, Tex.-.-.------------ ...---- 3, 324.23 -------- 3, 324.23 Freeport Harbor, Tex--. --------------------------------- 1,802.35- ..----- ______ 1,802.35 Channel from Aransas Pass to Corpus Christi, Tex--......- 16, 903.75- $12,------- 16, 903. 75 Cedar Bayou, Tex--........------------------ ---------- $12, 575. 57 12, 575. 57 Caloosahatchee River and Lake Okeechobee drainage areas, Florida..... -------------------------------- 157, 924. 05 --- __----- - 157, 924.05 Nome Harbor, Alaska---- -----..---.. Missouri River, vicinity of Kansas City, Mo---.....--------- ---------------2, 500.00 2, 500.00 6,623.89 -------------- 6,623.89 San Diego Harbor, Cahlif-.....-_-_........... .... , 415.01 -- 415.01 Ohio River at Dam No. 41, Ky-...... _________ 8,---------- 96. 43 --___--- __ 8, 966.43 Biloxi Harbor, Miss ----------- --.... -- 5, 000. 00 -- 5, 000. 00 Bayou Bonfouca, La.488.5---------------------------. .488.56 488.56 East River, N. Y ......-.--.......................... _- 15, ..-------- .000.00 15, 000.00 Ponce Harbor, Puerto Rico-- -----................------- -80,685.35 -------------- 80,685.35 Norfolk Harbor (Scotts Creek), Va- _.__.-.-...- --- -- 7,715.71 -- 7,715.71 Columbia River and lower Willamette River below Vancou- ) ver, Wash., and Portland, Oreg............................. --- 8, 098. 57 ------------- 8, 098. 57 acramento and Feather Rivers, Calif -- --------.........................--------........791.80 791.80 San Joaquin River and Stockton Channel, Calif_.._.-------- 609, 545. 04 -------------- 609, 545. 04 Sacramento River, Calif ................----------..........-------------------------------------- ...... ,300.00 1, 300.00 Richmond Harbor, Calif.......................------------------------------- 102, 183.98 11, 088. 27 113, 267. 25 Humboldt Harbor and Bay, Calif------- ......-,---..............---------....... 9,500. 01 -------------- 9,500.01 Grays Harbor, inner portion and Chehalis River, Wash...... 35, 834.27 -------------- 35, 834.27 Seattle Harbor, Wash ..------ ........-------------------------.................. 33, 856.64 -------------- 33, 856. 64 Big Timber Creek, N. J....................... 4,405. 34 .......-------------------------------.........------------- 4,405. 34 Total.......................................------------------------------------- 1, 112, 674. 60 32, 655. 98 1, 145, 330. 58 Under Mississippi River Commission: Improvement of Mississippi River-Yazoo Mississippi Delta levee district-..------.--------------------- 2, 671. 07 -------------- 2, 671. 07 Flood control, Mississippi River---------------------- -5, 476.23 --- -5, 476.23 Flood control, Mississippi River, its outlets and tribu- taries-------..............................................------------------------------ 322, 135. 97 322,135. 97 Total..........-------------------.....................................------------ 319, 330. 81 --------- .. 319, 330.81 Under California D6bris Commission: Yuba River, Calif-....------...... ..........--- 9, 913. 60 9, 913. 60 Flood control, Sacramento River, Calif.--..... ,...- 106, 392.96 106, 392.96 Total............-...................................-... 106, 392. 96 9, 913.60 116, 306. 56 Grand total of contributed funds_ _..................... 1, 538, 398. 37 42, 569. 58 1, 580, 967. 96 Consolidated cost and financial summary as of June 80, 1932 Amount (esti- Cost of new Cost of main- Value of Add ac- Minus ac- Total expendi- Balance un- Total to be ac- mated) re- expended counted for quired to able pay- work tenance plant, etc. counts re- counts tures complete ceivable Seacoast harbors and channels----............ $444, 684, 556. 27 $163, 553, 714. 12$20, 257,377. 73 $860, 200. 61 $2, 212, 229. 89 $627, 143, 618. 84 $6, 556, 519. 44 $633, 700, 138. 28 $80, 149, 210. 00 Lake harbors and channels ..............- 157, 190, 627. 97 41, 126, 586. 07 4, 391, 738. 71 192, 149. 20 1, 048, 931. 91 201, 852, 170. 03 2, 594, 459. 2 204, 446, 629. 28 26, 643,850. 00 Mississippi River system-----.......----- 377, 806, 694. 99 61, 274, 077. 05 11, 276, 724. 28 516, 337. 37 2, 533, 988. 2C 448, 339, 845. 49 7, 183, 762. 12 455, 523, 607. 62 81, 429, 900.00 Intracoastal canals and other waterways._ 82, 536, 052. 10 , 81t7,860. 03 2, 646, 899. 08 122, 288. 20 661, 092. 8C 112, 462, 006. 61 3,129, 818. 92 115, 591, 825. 53 28, 713, 200.00 Examinations, surveys, and contingencies of rivers and harbors---------------................-- ......- 19,131,402.53 - 328. 59 10, 40, 007.89 93, 485. 43 19, 088, 253. 58 234, 910. 90 19,323,164.481-....------- Surveys, House Document No. 308 (69th Cong., 1st sess.), and sec. 10, flood con- trol act, May 15, 1928: River and harbor-.-.------------- Flood control...........--------------. Operating and care of canals.............. Removing sunken vessels---------- ---- 5, 603, 952.52 3, 950, 512.87 5-. 83.. _.:i ::. :..i 116, _..i..._:::j i.858, . .......... 340. ..13 3 6,050,063.98.----------- 472,823. .. 15 70 723. . _------------------- 02 475091.48 5, 603, 952. 52 3, 950, 512. 87 119, 926. 794. 82 6, 050, 063. 98 1, 110, 796. 51 159, 665. OC 4,110,177. 87 869, 679. 51 100, 999.11 5, 714, 749. 03 121, 796, 474. 33 1, 561, 073. 00 819, 822. 00 ----...-....-.. 6,151, 063. 09 ---------..-. x Dam No. 2, Muscle Shoals, Tennessee River, Ala.: Construction-------------------- 46, 676,803. 03 359, 592. 52 24, 538. 21 160. 34 3,439. 98 46, 957, 654. 12 29, 390. 15 46, 987, 044.27----------- Operating and care hydroelectrical development ...----------------- --- --- 1,368, 664. 97 115, ---- 620. 2 6, 317. 68 2, 760. 13 1, 487, 842. 74 34, 727. 92 1, 522, 570.66 .... Permanent International Association of Congresses of Navigation............... 60, 661.63---------........----................------------------ 60, 661. 63 .-.--.--------- 60, 661. 63 .....--------- z Flood control: Ed Sacramento River, Calif............. 11, 701, 845. 58 313, 888.13 378, 030. 10 19, 561. 8 3 49, 077. 04 12, 364. 248. 571 455, 651.43 12, 819, 900.00 4,460,100. 00 fa Mississippi River and tributaries.._... 219, 916, 901. 42 58, 122, 005. 33 16,154,169. 24 1,528,194.97 3,483,065. 53 292, 238,205. 431 17, 110, 145. 61 309, 348, 351.04 175, 180, 178. 00 Emergency funds for flood control on tributaries of the Mississippi River_ 1, 391, 798. 74 844, 932.13 14, 935. 651 5,453. 41 4, 891.68 2, 252, 228. 25 108, 491.55 2, 360, 719. 80 2, 000, 000.00 Missouri River at Niobrara, Nebr.... 85, 000. 00 85, 000.00 _ - - Missouri River at Yankton, S. Dak. ---------------- I 123, 056. 44 85, 000. 00 85,000.00 -- - - - - - - - - Interoceanic Canal survey............ 123, 056.44 _----.--..------.--------.-.-----123, ..-.-------- 056.44 26, 943. 56 150, 000.00 . . . -- - -- - Total------- 568, 054. 081, 899, 901, 115. 92 39, 875, 960. 99 1, 939, 777, 076. 91 1400,957,333.00 56 496, 821, 126. 99 58, 743, 184. 96 3, 361, 394. 49 10, 1,351,543, 463. .---------------- River and harbor ------------ ------------ -------------- ----------------------- 218, 497, 233. 00 Flood control .... . .----------- .---------- _------------- 460,100.00 Unallotted balances (June 30, 1932): Maintenance and improvement of existing river and harbor works--............---------------........ ------------------ ........-------- 475, 018. 13 475, 018.13 ---- ---- ---- Flood control, Mississippi River and tributaries........................--------............................-------------------------------------------- 1, 104, 581.95 1, 104, 581. 95 -- - - -- - - - - - - Emergency fund for flood control on tributaries of the Mississippi River-----...---------------........... ------------------ 239, 280. 20 239, 280.20 ---- ---- ---- Special funds (credits from licenses under Federal water power act, June 10, 1920, sec. 10)........-----------------------.------- 184, 041. 70 184, 041. 70 --- --- --- -- I i Total.........................--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2, 002, 921. 98 2, 002, 921. 98 ,L-------====f-= ----- FI Consolidated cost and financial summary as of June 30, 193--Continued Cost of new Cost of main- Value of a-re- Minuspy- a- Addc-ac-expendi- Totaltures Minus Balance un- Total to befor ac- Amount (esti- mated) re- work tenance plant, etc. counts ceivable counts able expended counted quired to complete w W 0 The following funds have been appropriated since June 30, 1932: War Department appropriation act approved July 14, 1932- Maintenance and improvement of existing river and harbor works ....--------------------------------------------- $60, 000,000.00 $60,000,000.00----------- Operating and care of hydroelectrical development at Dam No. 2, Muscle Shoals, Tennessee River, Ala------.........-------------........ 245,184.00 245,184.00- O Flood control, Mississippi River and tributaries__ .. _____..........................................-------------------------------------------------32, 000, 000. 00 32, 000, 000.00 ----------- Emergency fund for flood control on tributaries of the Mississippi River---- ......-- -..__.. .. .......... __- .............. 400, 000.00 400,000.00----------- Flood control, Sacramento River, Calif-------.... __._ ........... ............ -------- 1, 000, 000. 00 1,000, 000.00----------- ...............------------------------------------...------......------.......--- H Emergency relief and construction act, approved July 21, 1932-- ..................--------.......... Prosecution of river and harbor projects-......----..................-----------------------------------------.............---------- 30,000,000.00 30, 000, 000.00 ...........----------... .....-- Prosecution of flood control projects ........ --------------.... ...................... ---------- -- .... 15, 5, 500, 000.00 --............................ 15, 500, 000.00 ----- Total--------------------------------............................------------................---------------------------------------139, 145,184. 00 139, 145, 184.00............. Grand total..-------- -------------------------------- ---------------- ---------------....... 181, 024, 066. 972, 080, 925,182.89....... 1These amounts take into consideration the initial allotments of $42,315,392 made from the appropriation of $60,000,000, War Department appropriation act of July 14, 1932, as well as the total appropriations for flood control by the same act, but do not take into account the unallotted balance of $17,684,608, act of July 14, 1932, nor funds provided by the emergency relief and construction act of July 21, 1932. When these funds are taken into account, the estimate for the completion of all authorized work on river and harbor and flood control projects becomes: River and harbor__-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------$178, 500,000 0 Flood control ...............----------------------------------....................................... ------------------------------------------------------------------- 166, 960,100 Total-------------------------- - - .4----50------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- - 345,460,100 O RIVERS AND HARBORS 15 The War Department appropriation act, approved February 28, 1929, made a lump-sum appropriation of $50,000,000 for river and harbor improvements throughout the country. The entire appro- priation was allotted and reported in previous annual reports. Sums previously allotted amounting to $166,800.82 have been withdrawn and reallotted as follows: Allotted to-- Lynn Harbor, Mass- --------- ---------- $10, 000. 00 Examinations, surveys, and contingencies (general), first New York district________-_____---- ___ _ 8, 364. 58 Newark Bay, Hackensack and Passaic Rivers, N. J----------- 35, 000. 00 Examinations, surveys, and contingencies (general), Washing- ton district -- ---------------------------------------- 3, 000. 00 Occohannock Creek, Va----------------------------- ---- 3, 000. 00 Intracoastal waterway, Cape Fear River, N. C., to Winyah Bay, S. C-------------------------------------------------- 62, 474. 50 Cape Fear River, N. C., at and below Wilmington_ 5, 980. 00 Examinations, surveys, and contingencies (general), Charles- ton district-------------------------------------- 1, 180. 34 Missouri River, Kansas City to mouth__--____--__ -__ 20, 500. 00 Los Angeles and Long Beach Harbors, Calif------------------ , 075. 83 Willamette River above Portland and Yamhill River, Oreg____ 1, 252. 69 Willapa River and Harbor, Wash ------------------------- 5, 403. 79 Total ----------------------------------------- 162, 231. 73 Balance unallotted --------------- ------------ ---- 4, 569. 09 Total---------------------- 166, 800. 82 The first deficiency act, fiscal year 1930, approved March 26, 1930, made a lump-sum appropriation of $12,000,000 for river and harbor improvements throughout the country. The entire appropriation was allotted and reported in previous annual reports. Sums pre. viously allotted amounted to $283,854.60 have been withdrawn and reallotted as follows: Allotted to- Lynn Harbor, Mass $15, 000. 00 Lyn Harbor, Mass-----------------------------------$1, 000.00 Harbor of Refuge at Block Island, R. I_ --- __---- ____---8, 700. 00 Newark Bay, Hackensack and Passaic Rivers, N. J----------- 29, 000. 00 Manasquan River, N. J----------- ----------------------- 1, 293. 17 Red River below Fulton, Ark __--------- - - 2, 200.00 Mouth of the Yazoo River, Miss---------------------------6, 884.46 Missouri River, Kansas City to mouth___----- 188, 966.97 Ashtabula Harbor, Ohio___------------- ------------------- 8, 500. 00 Suisun Bay Channel, Calif------------------------------ 10, 000. 00 Yuba River, Calif ---------------- ------ --------- --- 4, 000. 00 Ponce Harbor, P. R----------------------------------- -- 5, 000. 00 Surveys (H. Doc. No. 308, 69th Cong., 1st sess.) -------------- 4, 310. 00 Total ---------------- --------------------------- 283, 854. 60 The War Department appropriation act of May 28, 1930, made a lump-sum appropriation of $55,000,000 for river and harbor im- provements throughout the country. Certain allotments, amounting to $54,859,885.27, were made from this appropriation and reported in previous annual reports, leaving an unallotted balance of $140,114.73. In addition, certain sums previously allotted have been withdrawn and reallotted as follows: 140960-ENG 1932 2 16 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1932 Amount unallotted as shown in annual report for 1931---------- $140, 114. 73 Amounts withdrawn for reallotment elsewhere..-------------- 3, 133, 311. 90 3, 273, 426. 63 Allotted to--- Kennebunk River, Me.------------------------------- -- 9, 000. 00 Examinations, surveys, and contingencies (general), Boston district-------- ------------------------------------- 5, 000, 00 Examinations, surveys, and contingencies (general), Provi- dence district-------------------------- -------------- 1, 500. 00 Port Chester Harbor, N. Y----------------------------- 84, 900. 00 Echo Bay Harbor, N. Y---------------------------- 5, 000. 00 New Rochelle Harbor, N. Y --------------------------- -8, 000. 00 Newtown Creek, N. Y--------------------------------- -- 80, 387. 39 Harlem River, N. Y------------------------------------ 2, 740. 00 Newark Bay, Hackensack and Passaic Rivers, N. J ---------- 56, 935. 16 Raritan River, N. J----------------------------------- 26, 680. 81 Manasquan River, N. J---------------------------------- 10, 706. 83 Examinations, surveys, and contingencies (general), second New York district--..---------------------------------- 3, 000. 00 Mispillion River, Del------------------------------------- 180. 00 Baltimore Harbor and Channels, Md- _------------------ 22, 612. 12 Potomac River at Washington, D. C ------------ __ -25, 012. 29 Pamunkey River, Va------------------------------------ 1, 000.00 Examinations, surveys, and contingencies (general), Wash- ington district-------------------------------------- 200. 76 Nansemond River, Va-- .-.--..----------.-------- 11, 500. 00 Waterway connecting Core Sound and Beaufort Harbor, N. C_ 2, 500. 00 Intracoastal waterway, Cape Fear River, N. C., to Winyah Bay, S. C------------------------------------------ 42, 025.50 Cape Fear River, N. C., at and below Wilmington .__-____-- 99, 520. 00 Examinations, surveys, and contingencies (general)- Charleston district--- ------------------------ 17, 170. 89 Savannah district--- ----- - ---------------- _ 4, 745. 63 St. Johns River, Fla., Jacksonville to the ocean ---------- 100, 000. 00 Intracoastal waterway, Jacksonville, Fla., to Miami, Fla ... 220, 000. 00 Hollywood Harbor (Port Everglades), Fla -------------- 9, 000. 00 Pensacola Harbor, Fla___-- --------------------- 60, 000. 00 Examinations, surveys, and contingencies (general), Mont- gomery district-------------- __ _______-- 10, 000. 00 Black Warrior, Warrior, and Tombigbee Rivers, Ala__-.- -- 9, 745.84 Bayou Plaquemine, Brule, La---------- ----------- 150. 67 Removal of water hyacinths, Louisiana .------------------- 7, 013. 07 Examinations, surveys, and contingencies (general), New Or, leans district----- __--------------------------- 10, 000.00 Channel from Galveston Harbor to Texas City, Tex-------- 300,000. 00 Anahuac Channel, Tex---------------------------------- 7, 000. 00 Cedar Bayou, Tex------------------------------------- 11, 300.00 Clear Creek, Tex_ 3, 268. 73 Channel from Aransas Pass to Corpus Christi, Tex- --- __- -140, 000. 00 Examinations, surveys, and contingencies (general), Galves- ton district---------------------------------------- 25, 000. 00 Examinations, surveys, and contingencies (general), Memphis district----------- ----------- 5, 000. 00 Missouri River, Kansas City to mouth-------------------- 833, 557. 03 Missouri River, Kansas City to Sioux City----------------- 75, 000. 00 Missouri River, Sioux City to Fort Benton------------------ 59, 000. 00 Examinations, surveys, and contingencies (general)- Nashville district---------------------------------- 10, 000. 00 Chattanooga district----------------_--_----------- 9, 900. 00 Ohio River, lock and dam construction _____________-___-- 62, 050. 00 Ohio River, open channel work ___-____________ ___-------9, 103. 08 Monongahela River, Pa., and W. Va..-_, _- - 240, 000. 00 Examinations, surveys, and contingencies (general), Louis- ville district____----------_---__--------_ 10, 000. 00 RIVERS AND HARBORS 17 Allotted to--Continued. Algoma Harbor, Wis----------------------------------- $5, 000. 00 Racine Harbor, Wis------------------------------- ---- 10, 000. 00 Pentwater Harbor, Mich-------------------------------- 7, 000. 00 Alpena Harbor, Mich .--.----------------------- 800.00 Saginaw River, Mich__ ------------------------ 200,000. 00 Examinations, surveys, and contingencies (general), Detroit district------------------------ -------------------- 10,000.00 Buffalo Harbor, N. Y -__- __------------------ 3, 029.56 Oswego Harbor, N. Y-------------------------- 6, 000.00 Examinations, surveys, and contingencies (general), Buffalo district--------------------------- ------------------ 1, 295. 32 Los Angeles and Long Beach Harbors, Calif---------------- 1,255. 66 Richmond Harbor, Calif-- ------------------------------ 13, 887.42 Humboldt Harbor and Bay, Calif--------------- ---------- 5, 000. 00 Noyo River, Calif--------- ---------------------- ----- 40, 333.66 Sacramento River, Calif-------------------------------- 3, 412. 82 Nehalem Bay, Oreg __-__--------------------------- 5, 000.00 Yaquina Bay and Harbor, Oreg----- ---------------- 20,000. 00 Lake River, Wash------------------------------------- 3,000.00 Cowlitz River, Wash------------------------------------ 5, 000.00 Willamette River above Portland and Yamhill River, Oreg___ 22, 471. 89 Deep River, Wash ------------------------------------- 7, 500.00 Willapa River and Harbor, Wash------------------------ 28, 804.20 Wrangell Narrows, Alaska_----- -------- -- 8,000.00 Examinations, surveys, and contingencies (general), Hono- lulu district------------------- 5, 000.00 Surveys (H. Doc. No. 308, 69th Cong., 1st sess.)------------- 79, 572.47 Office, Chief of Engineers, contingencies-.- ____-__----- 5, 000. 00 Office, Chief of Engineers, services ____-______--____--8, 271. 70 River and Harbor Board, services ---------------------- 10, 000. 00 Total ------------------------------------------- 3, 261, 040. 50 Balance unallotted --- __-------- 12, 386. 13 Total --- -------------------- 3,273,426.63 The emergency construction act approved December 20, 1930, made a lump-sum appropriation of $22,500,000 for river and harbor improvements throughout the country. The entire appropriation was allotted and reported in previous annual report. Sums previ- ously allotted amounting to $2,335,531.94, have been withdrawn and reallotted as follows: Allotted to-- New Bedford and Fairhaven Harbor, Mass____- __-- $85, 931. 13 Jamaica Bay, N. -------------------------------- 33, 329.09 Bay Ridge and Red Hook Channels, N. Y----------___-- 108, 200. 00 East River, N. Y--------------------------------- 34,000.00 Hudson River Channel, N. Y--------_ ___------- 21, 000. 00 Removal of drift, New York Harbor------------------------ 5,000.00 Tarrytown Harbor, N. Y__---_------- ---------------- 15,000.00 Delaware River, Philadelphia to Trenton------------------140,000.00 Delaware River at Camden, N. J -__------------- . 8, 410.25 Delaware River, Philadelphia to the sea------------------ 240, 000. 00 Baltimore Harbor and Channels, Md__---------- ___ 156,200.00 Thimble Shoal Channel, Va ---- -__ --------- __- __ 15,157.85 James River, Va------------------------------------- 59, 500.00 Nansemond River, Va-- -------------------------------- 21, 500.00 Knobbs Creek, N. C------------------------------------ 4, 000.00 Edenton Harbor, N. C---------------------------------- 2, 300.00 Roanoke River, N. C----------------------------------- 2, 000.00 Belhaven Harbor, N. C--------------------------------- 2,500.00 Pamlico and Tar Rivers, N. C-------,---- 18, 000. 00 Beaufort Harbor, N. C---------------_ 7, 000.00 Savannah Harbor, Ga----------------- 62, 000.00 Brunswick Harbor, Ga_--------- 39, 000.00 18 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1932 Allotted to--Continued. St. Johns River, Fla., Jacksonville to the ocean-------------- $550. 00 Intracoastal waterway, Jacksonville to Miami, Fla--------- 47, 000.00 Caloosahatchee River and Lake Okeechobee drainage areas, Fla ..---------------------------------------------- 7, 545. 87 Louisiana-Texas intracoastal waterway, New Orleans- Sabine River section_--------------------------------150, 000. 00 Sabine-Neches waterway, Tex---------------------------- 71, 300. 00 Houston Ship Channel, Tex----------------------------- 80,000.00 Mississippi River, Ohio River to Illinois River-------------- 185, 000. 00 Missouri River, Kansas City to mouth ------------------- 115, 000. 0(, Tennessee River below Riverton, Ala--------------------- 19, 000. 00 Examinations, surveys, and contingencies (general), Duluth district---------... ------------------------------------ 1, 009. 33 Muskegon Harbor, Mich--------------------------------- 54, 100.00 St. Marys River, Mich ---------------------------- 237, 337. 75 Black River, Mich------------------------------------- 20, 000. 00 Examinations, surveys, and contingencies (general), Detroit district--------------------------------------------- 2, 000. 00 Oswego Harbor, N. Y--------------------------------- 104, 000. 00 San Francisco Harbor, Calif-----------------------------13, 000. 00 Oakland Harbor, Calif------- ------------- --- 25, 000. 00 Richmond Harbor, Calif-------------------------------- 25, 333. 66 San Pablo Bay and Mare Island Strait, Calif---------------- 5, 000. 00 Humboldt Harbor and Bay, Calif ...------------------------- 42, 505. 77 Sacramento River, Calif----------- ------ 14, 601.24 Yaquina Bay and Harbor, Oreg---------------------------16, 000. 00 Columbia River at mouth, Oreg. and Wash-----------------10, 000.00 Columbia and lower Willamette Rivers below Vancouver, Wash., and Portland, Oreg---- -- ------------------------ 220. 00 Willapa River and Harbor, Wash ------------------------ 10, 000. 00 Total ---------------------------------------- 2, 335, 531. 94 The War Department appropriation act of February 23, 1931, made a lump-sum appropriation of $60,000,000 for river and harbor improvements throughout the country. Certain allotments, amount- ing to $55,415,641.46, were made from this appropriation and re- ported in previous annual report, leaving an unallotted balance of $4,584,358.54. In addition, certain sums previously allotted have been withdrawn and reallotted as follows: Amount unallotted as shown in annual report for 1931-------- $4, 584, 358. 54 Amounts withdrawn for reallotment elsewhere --------------- 8, 761, 938. 92 Total---- ---- -------------------------- ----- 13, 346, 297. 46 Allotted to-- Portland Harbor, Me----------------------------------- 65, 000. 00 Kennebunk River, Me----------------------------------- 32, 000. 00 Lynn Harbor, Mass ----------------------------------- 157, 000. 00 Examinations, surveys, and contingencies (general), Boston district -------------------------------------------- 15, 000.00 New Bedford and Fairhaven Harbor, Mass---------------- 49, 694. 27 Fall River Harbor, Mass-------------------------------- 88, 824. 80 New Haven Harbor, Conn------------------------------- 18, 700. 00 Examinations, surveys, and contingencies (general), Provi- dence district -------------------------------------- 19, 500. 00 Harbor at Flushing Bay, N. Y---------------------------- 20, 000. 00 Bay Ridge and Red Hook Channels, N. Y------------------153, 000.00 Buttermilk Channel, N. Y-------------------------------- 9, 100. 00 Newtown Creek, N. Y__ __ 1, 000. 00 Harlem River, N. Y------------------------------------ 9, 000. 00 Hudson River Channel, N. Y _ 90, 000. 00 Examinations, surveys, and contingencies (general), first New York district------- ------------ 24, 035.42 RIVERS AND HARBORS 19 Allotted to--Continued. Newark Bay, Hackensack and Passaic Rivers, N. J.......-- $240, 000. 00 Raritan River, N. J--_--------------------------- 94, 069. 19 Manasquan River, N. J ---------------------------- 17, 000. 00 Examinations, surveys, and contingencies (general), second New York district-- ----------------------- ----- 66, 700.00 Delaware River between Philadelphia, Pa., and Trenton, N. J------------------ ---------------------- 215, 000. 00 Delaware River, Pa., N. J., and Del., Philadelphia, Pa., to the sea---- ------------------- --------------- 440, 000. 00 Delaware River at Camden, N. J____--------------------- 26, 500. 00 .Schuylkill River, Pa----------------------------------- 70, 000. 00 Examinations, surveys, and contingencies (general), Phila- delphia district------------------- -------------- 3, 500. 00 _Raccoon Creek, N. J-------------------------------- 26, 500. 00 ,Cold Spring Inlet, N. J------------------------------- -Examinations, surveys, and contingencies (general), Wil- 52,000.00 mington, Del., district---------------------------- 23,000.00 Baltimore Harbor and channels, Md------------------ 207, 000.00 Elk and Little Elk Rivers, Md__--------------------- 1, 600. 00 Onancock River, Va__.---------------------------- 8,000.00 :Examinations, surveys, and contingencies (general), Balti- more district----------------------------------- 7, 000.00 Potomac River at Washington, D. C_---------- 30, 916. 76 Monroe Bay and Creek, Va_ 2, 750. 00 .Smith Creek, Md..............------------------ 250. 00 Rappahannock River, Va ___ 1,500.00 Mattaponi River, Va----------------------------------- 300. 00 Pamunkey River, Va ------------------------------ 400. 00 James River, Va --------------------------------- 235, 000. 00 Nandua Creek, Va------ ------------------- 2,000.00 oOccohannock Creek, Va-------. 11, 957. 85 Inland waterway, Norfolk, Va., to Beaufort Inlet, N. C .... 77,400. 00 _Edenton Harbor, N. C_ 7, 500.00 Roanoke River, N. C------------------------------------ 19, 400. 00 Examinations, surveys, and contingencies (general), Nor- folk district --- 10, 000. 00 Intracoastal waterway, Cape Fear River, N. C., to Winyah Bay, S. C--- 105, 500. 00 Beaufort Inlet, N. C -- 10, 000. 00 -Cape Fear River, N. C., at and below Wilmington ......... 231, 900. 00 Examinations, surveys, and contingencies (general), Wil- mington, N. C., district _____ 5, 200. 00 Winyah Bay, S. C---------- -- _ 20, 000.00 ,Great Peedee River, S. C-- 500. 00 Waterway from Winyah Bay to Charleston, S. C____ 7, 100.00 Charleston Harbor, S. C _ 33, 205. 43 Waterway from Charleston to Beaufort, S. C___ ___ 1, 400. 00 Examinations, surveys, and contingencies (general), Charles- ton district ..------------------------------ 15,000. 00 Savannah River below Augusta, Ga________ __ 55,500.00 Waterway between Beaufort, S. C., and St. Johns River, Fla .._ _ _ __ _ . 16, 000. 00 Altamaha, Oconee, and Ocmulgee Rivers, Ga- .......... 9, 000.00 Brunswick Harbor, Ga ...... _______ 130, 000. 00 'Satilla River, Ga __ 5, 600. 00 St. Marys River, Ga., and Fla_____ 6, 000. 00 Examinations, surveys, and contingencies (general), Savan- nah district ....-- _ _ _ __ _ __ 40, 254.37 St. Johns River, Fla., Jacksonville to the ocean ..... _____ 73, 000. 00 Harbor at Miami (Biscayne Bay), Fla- _______ 150, 000.00 =Miami River, Fla ............... 578, 000. 00 Tampa Harbor, Fla--..... 33, 000. 00 Removal of water hyacinths, Fla-___ __-. 2, 500. 00 Examinations, surveys, and contingencies (general), Jack- sonville district________ __________ 72, 750. 00 20 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1932 Allotted to--Continued. Apalachicola Bay, Fla___ -------------------------- $5, 000. 00 Channel from Apalachicola River to St. Andrews Bay, Fla__ 40, 000. 00 Choctawhatchee River, Fla., and Ala_________----__-__ 1,800. 00 Alabama River, Ala___ ------ --- _ 11, 257. 67 Examinations, surveys, and contingencies (general), Mont- gomery district..------------- ------------------ 6, 128. 84 Intracoastal waterway, Mobile, Ala., to New Orleans, La .. 2, 844. 02 Black Warrior, Warrior, and Tombigbee Rivers, Ala___ -. 10, 000. 00 Gulfport Harbor and Ship Island Pass, Miss------------ 30, 000. 00 East Pearl River, Miss-----_------------------------- 1, 037. 57 Examinations, surveys, and contingencies (general), Mobile district---------------------------------- 9, 500. 00 Bayou Teche, La--- _ -_------------------------- 1, 908. 09 Louisiana--Texas intracoastal waterway, New Orleans- Sabine River section__-------- -------------------- 72. 40 Removal of water hyacinths, Louisiana ________-- ----- 15, 000. 00 Examinations, surveys, and contingencies (general), New Orleans district--------------------------------- 14, 000.00 Channel from Galveston Harbor to Texas City, Tex ....... 126, 000. 00 Examinations, surveys, and contingencies (general), Gal- veston district--------------------------- -- 30, 000. 00 Tensas River and Bayou Macon, La .- _______-------- 7, 790. 96 Yazoo River, Miss___ 6,000.00 Arkansas River, Ark., and Okla _____ 3, 110. 38 White River, Ark_____ 43, 500. 00 Black River, Ark., and Mo_ 1, 500. 00 St. Francis and L'Anguille Rivers and Blackfish Bayou, Ark_ 1, 964. 14 Examinations, surveys, and contingencies (general), Mem- phis district----------------------------------- 7, 500. 00 Mississippi River between the Ohio and Illinois Rivers .... 294, 578.67 Mississippi River between the Illinois and Wisconsin Rivers_ 685, 000. 00 Mill Creek and South Slough at Milan, Ill _ 25, 000. 00 Mississippi River between mouth of Wisconsin River and Minneapolis, Minn_, ......... __ 250, 000. 00 Mississippi River between Illinois River and Minneapolis, Minn .......- 100, 000. 00 St. Croix River, Wis., and Minn__ 5, 000. 00 Minnesota River, Minn_ 8, 000. 00 Examinations, surveys, and contingencies (general), St. Paul district--------- ----- 3, 000.00 Missouri River- Kansas City to mouth_ 1, 683, 576. 00 Kansas City, Mo., to Sioux City, Iowa .. __ 143, 000. 00 Examinations, surveys, and contingencies (general), Kansas City district_ 150, 000. 00 Illinois River, Ill __ 372, 000. 00 Examinations, surveys, and contingencies (general), first Chicago district___ 25, 000. 00 Cumberland River, Tenn., and Ky., above Nashville ....... 19, 000. 00 Tennessee River above Riverton, Ala-.. __________-__ 20, 000. 00 Ohio River- Open channel improvement .. __....... 347, 359. 70 Lock and dam construction_ 549, 133. 14 Monongahela River, Pa., and W. Va__ ------- 112, 000. 00 Examinations, surveys, and contingencies (general), Pitts- burgh district_- _- 106, 350. 00 Kanawha River, W. Va._________ __-------------- 397, 000. 00 Examinations, surveys, and contingencies (general)- Huntington district_ 30, 000. 00 Cincinnatti district_ 13, 500. 00 Louisville district__ _______ ____ 70, 521. 54 Grand Marais Harbor, Minn- --.--. __ _____--- 4, 000. 00 Harbor at Duluth, Minn., and Superior, Wis-__-__------ 2, 000.00 Ashland Harbor, Wis__ __ ______ 1, 000. 00 Keweenaw Waterway, Mich ___ __ ___ 28, 500.00 Marquette Harbor, Mich__... 9,500. 00 RIVERS AND HARBORS 21 Allotted to-Continued. Grand Marais Harbor of Refuge, Mich- .---------- $8, 000. 00 Examinations, surveys, and contingencies (general), Duluth district -------------------------------------------- 30, 000. 00 Menominee Harbor and River, Mich., and Wis__ --------- 8, 000. 00 Fox River, Wis------------------------------------- 80, 000. 00 Algoma Harbor, Wis----------------------------------- 60, 000. 00 Milwaukee Harbor, Wis------------------------------- 50, 500. 00 Saugatuck Harbor and Kalamazoo River, Mich___-__- 20, 000. 00 Holland Harbor, Mich-------------------------------- 92, 500. 00 Grand Haven Harbor and Grand River, Mich-_,-------- 15, 000. 00 Muskegon Harbor, Mich_- ------ __-__-- -___ ___ 85, 000. 00 Manistee Harbor, Mich_-- -------- ___------- ___-- 5, 700. 00 Charlevoix Harbor, Mich ........- 3, 000. 00 Examinations, surveys, and contingencies (general), Mil- waukee district----------- ------------------------- 3, 600. 00 Waukegan Harbor, Ill__--------------------------------- 39, 000. 00 Chicago Harbor, Ill 3, 748. 06 Examinations, surveys, and contingencies (general), second Chicago district------------------------------------- 2, 000. 00 Detroit River, Mich ---------------------------------- 266, 534.43 Saginaw River, Mich__--_,50, 000. 00 Harbor of Refuge at Harbor Beach, Lake Huron, Mich,___ 2, 000. 00 Monroe Harbor, Mich-.____ -____-________-______ - 17, 000. 00 Toledo Harbor, Ohio __ __________________________O 15, 000. 00 Examinations, surveys, and contingencies (general), Detroit district ---------------------------------------- 7, 500. 00 Cleveland Harbor, Ohio-------------------------------126, 000. 00 Ashtabula Harbor, Ohio__-...___..___--______-- ___ 2, 723. 98 Buffalo Harbor, N. Y ---------------------------------- 21, 500. 00 Olcott Harbor, N. Y _ _______- -- ____________- -- 14, 000. 00 Oswego Harbor, N. Y ______---_______- _________-- 255, 000. 00 St. Lawrence River, between Ogdensburg, N. Y., and Lake Ontario -------------------------------------------- 90, 000. 00 Examinations, surveys, and contingencies (general) Buffalo district --------------------------------------- 36, 593. 17 Richmond Harbor, Calif--------------------------------- 2, 912. 58 Humboldt Harbor and Bay, Calif------------------------ 23, 094. 23 Noyo River, Calif------------------------------------- 15, 000. 00 Examinations, surveys, and contingencies (general), San Francisco district------------------------------------ 6, 000. 00 San Joaquin River, Calif ----------------------------- ___ 145, 000. 00 Sacramento River, Calif-------------------------------- 70, 685. 18 Examinations, surveys, and contingencies (general), Sac- ramento district------------------------------ ------ 14, 000. 00 Coquille River, Oreg---------- ----------------- 75, 000. 00 Examinations, surveys, and contingencies (general), Port- land district-------------------------------- 75, 000. 00 Willapa River and Harbor, Wash-----------_------------- 75, 000. 00 Quillayute River, Wash------------------------------ 35, 000. 00 Examinations, surveys, and contingencies (general), Seattle district--------------------------------------------- 7, 000. 00 Nome Harbor, Alaska- ---------------------------- 4, 000. 00 Examinations, surveys, and contingencies (general), Juneau district-- ------- -------------------------------- 287. 79 Honolulu Harbor, Hawaii-------------------------------- 100, 000. 00 Examinations, surveys, and contingencies (general), Honolulu district ------ -------------------- 12, 500. 00 San Juan Harbor, P. R------------------------------ 135, 000. 00 Survey, northern and northwestern lakes----------------- 8, 250. 00 Supervisor New York Harbor-------------------------- 120, 000. 00 Office ,Chief of Engineers, contingencies------------------- 10, 500. 00 Office, Chief of Engineers (dredge St. Louis)-------------- 370, 000. 00 Examinations, surveys, and contingencies (general), Office, Chief of Engineers (expenses of board on sand movement and beach erosion) --------------- ------------------ 20, 000. 00 22 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1932 Allotted to--Continued. River and Harbor Board, contingencies------------------- $25,000.00 Surveys (H. Doc. No. 308, 69th Cong. 1st sess.) ----------- 44,007. 20 Total----- ---------------------------------- 2, 884, 577. 83 Balance unallotted----------------------- --------- 461, 719.63 Total ------------ ------ --------------- 13, 346, 297. 46 The amounts that can be profitably expended during the fiscal year ending June 30, 1934, as indicated in the respective reports, are as follows: For river and harbor works (general) _-___-- ------------- $75, 000, 000 For operation, maintenance, and repair of Dam No. 2, Tennessee River, including the hydroelectrical development----------------------------$245, 184 For flood control: Mississippi River and tributaries--------------35,000, 000 Emergency funds for flood control on tributaries of Mississippi River-- ---- ------ - 400, 000 Sacramento River, Calif---------------------- 1, 000, 000 36, 645, 184 Total ------------------------------------- ---- 111, 645,184 THE BOARD OF ENGINEERS FOR RIVERS AND HARBORS The creation of the board and the duties assigned to it under the original and subsequent acts of Congress are described in the Annual Report of 1922. In January, 1919, the work of the board was extended to include the design of floating plant for use on river and harbor improve- ments, taking over the work formerly carried on in the marine designing section of the office of the Chief of Engineers. All reports of preliminary examinations and surveys submitted during the year in compliance with the provisions of river and harbor and flood control acts have been referred to the board for considera- tion and recommendation. In addition, a number of subjects have been presented to it for report in accordance with resolutions of the Committee on Rivers and Harbors of the House of Representatives and the Committee on Commerce of the Senate. The reports ren- dered by the board from time to time in response to legislative action have been duly submitted to the Chief of Engineers for presentation to Congress. During the year the board also gave consideration to a number of other matters referred to it by the Chief of Engineers. The work accomplished by the board during the year and the status of its operations from its organization up to the close of the fiscal year are shown by the following table: Totalnum- Number Number ber comrn- completed Number Authority for investigations of investi- pleted at during remaining gations close of year end- to be com- ordered preceding ing June pleted fiscal year 30, 1932 River and harbor and flood control acts-..----- ----- . 3, 218 2,711 205 302 Concurrent resolutions of Congress-----------.............------ 1 1 --------------------- Senate resolutions--.. ---------------------.. 31 31052.......249...... Resolutions of congressional committees.--------- ----- 471 339 44 88 Total ------.---------------------------- 3, 691 3, 052 249 390 THE BOARD OF ENGINEERS FOR RIVERS AND HARBORS 23 Number of hearings given at the office of the board during the year------------------------------------------------------ 54 Net expenses of the board during the year_--------------- --- $178, 677, 55 Estimated cost of projects recommended by the board from its organization to June 30, 1932--------------------- 842, 366, 829. 06 Estimated cost of projects so recommended adopted by Con- gress-- ----------------------------------------- 587, 598, 512.26 Section 500 of the transportation act of February 28, 1920, entrusts to the War Department certain duties with the object of. promoting, encouraging, and developing inland waterway transportation facil- ities. Section 8 of the merchant marine act of June 5, 1920, author- izes the Shipping Board, in cooperation with the Secretary of War, to make similar investigations of ports. Under these acts, the board has been assigned the duties of inves- tigating water terminals; advising local authorities concern their location and design; and compiling, publishing, and distributing use- ful statistics, data, and information concerning transportation on waterways. To avoid duplication of work, a suitable method of cooperation with the Shipping Board has been devised for carrying out certain of these duties. In 1919, the board took over the work and part of the personnel of the port facilities commission of the Shipping Board. It was later agreed that the board would handle investigations ordered by the merchant marine and transportation acts in the joint interests of the War Department and the Shipping Board. The number of employees on the rolls of the Shipping Board placed at the disposal of the board to assist in this work during the year was eight. As the first important step in securing the desired uniformity in statistics of water-borne commerce, the statistics for the calendar year 1919 were published as a separate volume of the annual report for 1920. The statistics for the subsequent calendar years, including 1930, have been similarly published, and the work of preparing such a volume for the year 1931 was well in hand at the close of the year. Further progress has been made in the preparation and revision of the series of reports on the principal ports of the United States designed to further the interests of importers, exporters, ship opera- tors, and others concerned in the movement of goods through our ports. These reports have been the subject of great interest and fa- vorable comment from many quarters. During the fiscal year ending June 30, 1932, a new report was prepared on Olympia and Port Angeles, Wash. (No. 23), and revisions of the following reports were prepared for publication: Philadelphia, Pa., Camden and Glou- cester, N. J., and ports on the Delaware River above Philadelphia (No. 4, pt. 1); Wilmington, Del., and ports on the Delaware River below Philadelphia (NQ. 4, pt. 2); New Orleans, La. (No. 5); Ever- ett, Bellingham, and Grays Harbor, Wash. (No. 7, pt. 3); and New York, N. Y. (No. 20). Revisions were begun on reports on San Fran- cisco, Oakland, Berkeley, Richmond, Upper San Francisco Bay, Santa Cruz and Monterey, Calif. (No. 12); and on port Arthur, Sabine, Orange, and Beaumont, Tex. (No. 14). The following report was distributed: Portland, Oreg. (No, 11, pt. 1). Reports on Astoria, Oreg., and Longview and Vancouver, Wash. (No. 11, pt. 2), and Seattle and Tacoma, Wash. (No. 7, pts. 1 and 2), are in the final stages of publication. 24 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1932 The following is a list of the Port Series reports and revisions which have been issued to date: No. 1. The port of Portland, Me., and one revision. No. 2. The port of Boston, Mass., and one revision. No. 3. The ports of Mobile, Ala., and Pensacola, Fla., and one revision in two parts. No. 4. The ports of Philadelphia and Chester, Pa., Camden, N. J., and Wilmington, Del. No. 5. The port of New Orleans, La. No. 6. The ports of Galveston, Houston, and Texas City, Tex., and one revision in three parts, one of which includes Corpus Christi. No. 7. The ports of Seattle, Tacoma, Everett, Bellingham, and Grays Harbor, Wash. No. 8. The ports of Jacksonville, Fernandina, Miami, Key West, Tampa, and South Boca Grande, Fla., and one revision in two parts. No. 9. The ports of Charleston, S. C., and Wilmington, N. C. 4No. 10. The ports of Savannah and Brunswick, Ga. No. 11. The ports of Portland and Astoria, Oreg., and Vancouver, Wash., and one revision of data on one port. No. 12. The ports of San Francisco, Oakland, Berkeley, Richmond, Monterey, Santa Cruz, and Upper San Francisco Bay, Calif. No. 13. The ports of Los Angeles, San Diego,. and San Luis Obispo, Calif., and one revision in two parts. No. 14. The ports of Port Arthur, Sabine, Beaumont, and Orange, Tex. No. 15. The ports of Norfolk, Portsmouth and Newport News, Va. No. 16. The ports of Baltimore, Md., Washington, D. C., and Alexandria, Va. No. 17. The ports of Hawaii. No. 18. The ports of Southern New England. No. 19. The ports of Gulfport and Pascagoula, Miss. No. 20. The port of New York (in three parts). No. 21. The ports of Puerto Rico. No. 22. The Panama Canal and its ports. The first reports in the Lake Series, similar in form and scope to the Port Series, were completed and distributed as follows: Buffalo, N. Y. (No. 1); Detroit, Mich. (No. 2); Milwaukee, Wis. (No. 3); Chicago, Ill. (No. 4); Cleveland, Ohio (No. 5); and Duluth-Superior, Minn. and Wis. (No. 6). The following reports were prepared for publication: Toledo, Ohio (No. 7); and Sandusky, Huron, and Lorain, Ohio (No. 8). A Transportation Series of reports has also been published in which are included reports on investigations of transportation condi- tions, showing the movements of traffic by water, and treating of the physical and economic conditions having a bearing upon the utiliza- tion of water routes, as follows: Transportation on the Great Lakes (No. 1); and Transportation in the Mississippi and Ohio Valleys (No. 2). No reports in this series were published during the year. Reports not within the scope of the Port Series, Lake Series, or Transportation Series are published as the Miscellaneous Series. Three reports have been published in this series, as follows: Port and Terminal Charges at United States Ports (No. 1)'; Shipping Charges at United States Ports (No. 2); and Foreign Trade Zones or Free Ports (No. 3). A supplement to Report No. 1 was pre- pared and distributed during the year. It is planned to keep this book current by means of annual supplements or revisions. Miscellaneous studies were made in connection with subjects pend- ing before the board and in response to specific calls; and tables, graphs, and maps have been prepared as necessary in connection therewith. RIVERS AND HARBORS--BOSTON, MASS., DISTRICT 25 At the end of the fiscal year the board was composed of the follow- ing members: Col. William J. Barden, Col. Edward H. Schulz, Col. George M. Hoffman, Col. Edward M. Markham, Col. Thomas H. Jackson, Lieut. Col. Warren T. Hannum, and Lieut. Col. James J. Loving. The changes in membership were: October 5, 1931, Col. George M. Hoffman, assigned and Lieut. Col. Warren T. Hannum, relieved. January 2, 1932, Col. Edward M. Markham, assigned and Brig. Gen. Her- bert Deakyne, relieved. January 18, 1932, Lieut. Col. Warren T. Hannum, assigned and Lieut. Col. Max C. Tyler, relieved. April 18, 1932, Col. George R. Spalding, assigned for the period April 18 to 24, 1932, during which period Lieut. Col. Warren T. Hannum was relieved. June 25, 1932, Lieut. Col. Thomas M. Robins, assigned for the period June 25 to 30, 1932, during which period Lieut. Col. Warren T. Hannum was relieved. June 9, 1932, Col. Earl I. Brown, assigned and Col. Harley Berguson, relieved. June 29, 1932, Col. Thomas H. Jackson, assigned and Col. Earl I. Brown, relieved. IMPROVEMENT OF RIVERS AND HARBORS IN THE BOSTON, MASS., DISTRICT This district includes the States of Maine and New Hampshire, and eastern Massachusetts from the New Hampshire State line to the southern end of Nauset Beach, at Chatham Bar, on the east coast line of Cape Cod. District engineer: Col. Sherwood A. Cheney, Corps of Engineers. Division engineer: Col. William J. Barden, Corps of Engineers, to November 30, 1931; Col. George M. Hoffman, Corps of Engineers, since that date. IMPROVEMENTS Page Page 1. Bar Harbor, Me ___________ 25 15. Mystic River, Mass _______ 50 2. Camden Harbor, Me- ___-- 26 16. Boston Harbor, Mass- ___ 53 3. Rockland Harbor, Me ____- 27 17. Dorchester Bay and Nepon- 4. Georges River, Me- -- ___- - 27 set River, Mass -------- -61 5. Kennebec River, Me _______ 29 18. Weymouth F ore R i v e r, 6. Portland Harbor, Me-_____ 29 Mass _________________ 64 7. Saco River, Me__---- .. . _ 34 19. Weymouth Back River, 8. Kennebunk River, Me --- __ 36 Mass _________________ 67 9. York Harbor, Me..----- . 39 20. Plymouth Harbor, Mass__. 68 10. Newburyport Harbor, Mass_ 40 21. Cape Cod Canal, Mass ____- 72 11. Gloucester Harbor, Mass___ 42 22. Operating and care of Cape 12. Beverly Harbor, Mass------ 45 Cod Canal, Mass ______ 75 13. Salem Harbor, Mass ----- 46 23. Examinations, surveys, and 14. Lynn Harbor, Mass-------- 47 contingencies (general) __ 76 1. BAR HARBOR, ME. The project is about 88 per cent completed. The breakwater has been extended to full project length but is not to full section through- out. Practically the full measure of protection has now been se- cured. No expenditures were made during the fiscal year, no funds are available, and no work is proposed during the fiscal years 1933 and 1934. For further details see Annual Report for 1931, page 28. 26 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1932 Commercial statistics.-Commerce consists of fuel and the miscel- laneous merchandise constituting the supply of a fashionable summer- resort. Coal, 9,707 tons, comprised 42 per cent; petroleum products,, 5,561 tons, comprised 24 per cent; cord wood, 3,760 tons, comprised 16 per cent; and general merchandise, 3,097 tons, comprised 13 per cent of the total tonnage for 1931. Comparative statement Calendar Tons Value Passengers Calendar Tons Value Passengers year year 1927__........ 34, 914 $1, 438, 078 45, 046 1930--........ 28, 514 $1, 314, 197 29, 133- 1928......... 27, 650 956, 741 41, 578 1931---------........ 23, 371 774, 649 8, 580 1929.......... 30, 637 1,422, 679 30, 008 Cost and financial summary Cost of new work to June 30, 1932 ------------------------- $406, 591.12 Cost of maintenance to June 30, 1932------------- -- ----------- Total cost of permanent work to June 30, 1932-----------406, 591.12 Net total expenditures------------------------------------406, 591. 12 Total amount appropriated to June 30, 1932__------ ____-406, 591. 12 Amount (estimated) required to be appropriated for completion of existing project-------------------- --------------------- 57, 900. 00 2. CAMDEN HARBOR, ME. The project was completed in 1911 at a saving of $14,930 under the estimated cost. No work was done during the fiscal year and none is contemplated during the fiscal years 1933 and 1934, since the exist- ing channel is adequate for the needs of existing commerce. For- further details see Annual Report for 1931, page 30. Comomercial statistics.--Coal, 11,990 tons, comprised 80 per cent; and general cargo, 2,479 tons, comprised 16 per cent of the total ton- nage for 1931. Comparative statement Calendar Tons Value Passengers Calendar Tons Value Passengers year year 1927_---.... -19, 761 $858, 426 4, 362 1930....----------16, 080 $655, 800 3, 754- 1928----------... 20, 443 877, 812 4, 972 1931..---------. 15, 069 504, 520 2, 685- 1929----------......... 17, 929 999,122 4,140 Cost and financial summary Cost of new work to June 30, 1932_ -- __--_------------------ $102, 400 Cost of maintenance to June 30, 1932--------------------------- 30, 200 Total cost of permanent work to June 30, 1932-- 600 1---------------132, Net total expenditures -------------------------------------- 132, 600 Total amount appropriated to June 30, 1932-------------------- 132, 600 RIVERS AND HARBOR&---BOSTON, MASS., DISTRICT 27 Fiscal year ending June 30 1928 1929 1930 1931 1932 ,Cost ofnew work------------------- ------------------------------------------- Cost of maintenance------------------------------ $874. 71 $29,325.29.------.------------ Total expended--------------------------- -------- 815. 01 29, 384. 99 ------------------- Allotted..---------------------------- $1, 200.00 38, 000.00 -9, 000.00 ..----........-------------- 3. ROCKLAND HARBOR, ME. The project was completed in 1904 at a saving of $120,138 under the estimated cost. No work was done during the fiscal year and none is contemplated during the years 1933 and 1934, as the im- provement is believed to be in a condition to meet the reasonable requirements of present and prospective commerce. For further .details see Annual Report for 1931, page 31. Commercial statistics.-The chief items are coal, oils, and build- ing materials. The average loaded draft of vessels trading at Rock- land is 14 feet. Coal, 76,704 tons, comprised 50 per cent; petroleum products, 32,067 tons, comprised 21 per cent; and lime and lime .products, 25,462 tons, comprised 17 per cent of the total tonnage for 1931. Comparative statement Calendar year Tons Value Passengers Calendar year Tons Value Passengers 1927- .... 182, 575 $5, 825, 241 133,348 1930--- ------- 203, 173 $4, 372, 436 91, 651 1928-- ....--- 260, 913 6, 236, 309 130, 075 1931---------_ 152, 739 3, 749, 038 72, 105 1929---------- 229, 195 5, 709, 320 105, 505 Cost and financial summary Cost of new work to June 30, 1932__------------------------ $915, 862.73 Cost of maintenance to June 30, 1932--___-------------- 24, 637. 27 Total cost of permanent work to June 30, 1932 ----------- 940, 500. 00 Net total expenditures_---------------------------------- 940, 500. 00 Total amount appropriated to June 30, 1932------------ ------- 940, 500. 00 4. GEORGES RIVER (THOMASTON HARBOR), ME. Location and description.-This river is about 80 miles northeast ,ofPortland and about 4 miles west of Rockland, Me. It rises in the westerly part of Waldo County and flows about 35 miles in a south- erly direction, emptying into the Atlantic. The section included in the project is at and immediately below Thomaston, sometimes called Thomaston Harbor, about 12 miles above the mouth of the river. The river is tidal for about 6 miles above Thomaston, but is narrow and shoal. The drainage area is about 228 square miles. At Thom- aston the width is about 600 feet between banks, but immediately ,below it broadens greatly, though the channel remains narrow for about 4 miles. No discharge data are available. (See United States Coast and Geodetic Survey charts Nos. 312 and 1203.) Originalcondition.-The depth was 21 feet or more up to a point about 1 mile below Thomaston. From thence the channel was nar- row, with a sharp bend at one point, and shoaled opposite Thomaston 28 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1932 to about 11 feet at mean low tide. The head of practicable naviga- tion was and is at Thomaston, although small vessels can go about 6 miles farther. Previous projects.-None. Existing project.-This provides for a channel extending about 1 mile downstream from Thomaston, the depth to be 16 feet at mean low tide, the width varying from 90 to 220 feet. The lower end of the section included in the project is about 11 miles above the mouth of the river. The mean range of tide is 9.3 feet, the extreme 10.6 feet. The estimated cost for new work, made in 1895, was $30,000. The latest (1914) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $500. The existing project was authorized by the river and harbor act of June 3, 1896 (H. Ex. Doc. No. 236, 53d Cong. 3d sess., reprinted in Annual Report for 1895, p. 590). For latest published map see House Executive Document No. 1458, Sixty-third Congress, third session. Recommended mod!iflations of project.-None. Local cooperation.-None. Terminal facilities.-There are only two wharves in usable condi- tion, both private. One of these is practically bare at low tide and is in need of repair. The other has about 16 feet at low tide and is equipped with mechanical coal-handling appliances. These wharves are open to the public upon equal and reasonable terms. There are no wharves with railroad connections. The facilities, while limited, apparently meet existing needs. Operations and results during fiscal year.-None. There were no expenditures. Condition at end of fiscal year.-The project was completed in 1903, at a saving of $4,212 under the estimated cost. Project depth was restored in 1919. A survey made in 1930 showed that while shoaling had considerably narrowed the width of the channel, the controlling depth was about 15 feet at mean low water. The cost and expenditures under the existing project have been $41,000, of which $25,787.91 was for new work and $15,212.09 for maintenance. Proposed operations.--No funds are available and no work is pro- posed during the fiscal year 1933. The sum of $33,000 can be profitably expended during the fiscal year 1934 in restoration of channel to project dimensions by contract (July-September, 1933), about 50,000 cubic yards. No maintenance dredging has been done since 1919 and redredging to project dimensions is necessary to meet the needs of commerce. Comnmercial statistics.-Coal,5,320 tons, comprised 94 per cent of the total tonnage for 1931. Comparative statement Calendar year Short tons Value Passengers Calendar year Short tons Value Passengers 1927_-------- 6, 952 $73, 609 1500 1930 ........ 4,005 $52, 832 1500 1928_-------- 3, 623 87,383 1500 1931 ......... 5, 670 99,868 1400 1929_----- 3, 998 69, 966 1 500 1Estimated. RIVERS AND HARBORS-BOSTON, MASS., DISTRICT 29 Cost and financial summary Cost of new work to June 30, 1932 _--------_--------___ ___ $25, 787. 91 Cost of maintenance to June 30, 1932_ --- ----------------- 15, 212. 09 Total cost of permanent work to June 30, 1932__------------ 41, 000. 00 Net total expenditures------ ------------ ------------------- 41,000.00 Total amount appropriated to June 30, 1932--------------------41, 000. 00 Amount that can be profitably expended in fiscal year ending June 30, 1934, for maintenance __---------- ----------- 33, 000. 00 5. KENNEBEC RIVER, ME. The project was completed in 1914. No work.was done during the fiscal year and none is contemplated during 1933 or 1934, since the improvement is believed to be in a condition to meet the reasonable requirements of present and prospective commerce. For further de- tails see Annual Report for 1931, page 33. Commercial statistics.-Ice and lumber formerly made up the bulk of the river business. Shipments of ice have entirely ceased and a very small amount of lumber is shipped. Coal, 152,496 tons, com- prised 73 per cent; pulpwood, 33,987 tons, comprised 16 per cent; and petroleum products, 16,479 tons, comprised 8 per cent of the total tonnage for 1931. Comparative statement Calendar Tons Value Passengers Calendar Tons Value Passengers year year 1927- ....... 167, 242 $1, 749, 195 889, 608 1930......... 190, 706 $1, 881, 393 46, 500 1928_____.......... 190, 753 1,925,994 50, 525 1931 .------ 208, 804 1, 629, 929 1929 ... ..... 223, 999 2, 140, 138 48, 480 Cost and financial summary Cost of new work to June 30, 1932 ----------------------- $895, 849. 41 Cost of maintenance to June 30, 1932_____-_____----------- - 26, 061.62 Total cost of permanent work to June 30, 1932-------------921, 911. 03 Net total expenditures___________________ _ ------------ 921, 911. 03 Total amount appropriated to June 30, 1932____________--------921, 911..03 6. PORTLAND HARBOR, ME. Location and description.-This harbor is on the southwestern coast of Maine, about 100 miles northeast of Boston, Mass. The outer harbor is behind islands in Casco Bay and the inner harbor in Fore River. Northwest of the city is a large bay known as Back Cove, the greater part of which consists of flats exposed at low tide. The main channel from the ocean leads through Casco Bay between the mainland and Cushing Island. It is about 8 miles to the head of navigation at Stroudwater, on Fore River, and about 6 miles to the head of Back Cove. To the anchorage ground opposite the eastern end of the city the distance is about 3.5 miles. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Chart No. 325.) Original condition.-The inner harbor in Fore River was and is about 9,000 feet long and about 2,500 feet wide. It had a channel depth of about 25 feet at mean low tide except at the mouth, where 30 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1932 it shoaled to 16 feet. Thence to the sea the least depth was about 42 feet, except for two isolated ledges, over which the. east depths were 29 and 30 feet. The wharf front was exposed to swell from the main entrance. In Back Cove the channel depth was about 1 foot at mean low tide. Previous projects.-The original project for improvement was authorized by the river and harbor act of July 4, 1836. Subsequent modifications and additions were authorized by river and harbor act of June23, 1866; joint resolution of June 5, 1868; and river and harbor act of June 10, 1872. The cost and expenditures prior to adoption of the existing project in 1896 were $692,435.25, all for new work. For further details see page 1736 of Annual Report for 1915. Existing proect.-This provides for a commodious anchorage off the eastern end of the city, with a minimum depth of 30 feet; for the dredging of the greater part of the inner harbor to a depth of 30 feet, except for the lower part of the main harbor and its channel of approach, where the depth is to be 35 feet; for a channel 30 feet deep and 300 feet wide in Fore River up to the upper Boston & Maine Railroad bridge; for a channel 30 feet deep and 300 feet wide from the anchorage to the Grand Trunk bridge at the mouth of Back Cove; for rock excavation to give a depth of 14 feet between the Grand Trunk and Tukeys bridges, and a channel 12 feet deep and 300 feet wide thence to the head of Back Cove; for the removal of two obstructing ledges in the main ship channel to a depth of 40 feet; and for a stone breakwater about 1,900 feet long on the southerly side of the mouth of the inner harbor. The project depths refer to mean low water. The mean tidal range is 8.9 feet, extreme 10.2 feet, though variations as great as 16 feet have been observed under storm conditions. The estimate of cost for new work, revised in 1928, is $1,790,000, exclusive of amounts expended on previous projects. The latest (1928) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $20,000. The existing project was authorized by the following acts: The river and harbor act of July 4, 1836 provided for the breakwater (H. Doe. No. 491, 23d Cong. 1st sess. ; the river and harbor act of June .3 1896, provided for 30 feet over the greater part of the inner harbor (S. Doc. No. 271, 54th Cong., 1st sess.) ;the sundry civil act of March 3, 1905, provided for extensions of the 30-foot depth up Fore River and in the channel of approach to Back Cove; the river and harbor act of July 25, 1912, provided for the anchorage, for 14 feet at the entrance to Back Cove, for restoring the 12-foot depth in Back Cove and the 30-foot depth in the approach as well as in thealower part of the inner harbor (H. Doc. No. 489, 62d Cong., 2d seess); and the river and harbor act of August 8, 1917, provided for 85 feet at mean low tide in the lower part of the main harbor and the channel of approach and for the removal of two obstructing ledges in the main channel (H. Doc. No. 71, 65th Cong., 1st sess.). For latest published map see last-mentioned document. Recommend~d modifcations of project.-None. Local cooperatio.-The river and harbor act of August 8, 1917, requires that assurances shall be given that adequate berthing space for deep-draft vessels, affording a depth of not less than 35 feet at low water for spring tides, shall be provided by local interests within RIVERS AND HARBORS-BOSTON, MASS., DISTRICT 31 a reasonable time. These have been given and received the approval of the Secretary of War August 27, 1917. Since that date the work covered by these assurances has practically been accomplished. Terminal facilitie&.-The harbor has a water front of about 8 miles, rather more than one-half of which has been developed. There are 55 wharves, all but 15 of which are in the city of Portland: Seven wharves are used for transportation terminals, 16 for coal and lumber, 8 for manufacturing purposes, 2 for marine construc- tion, 7 for handling petroleum products, and the remainder for general business. There are two publicly owned ferry landings, besides which the city of Portland has a wharf in Back Cove which, aside. from munici- pal use, is open to the public. There is also a large modern pier owned by the State. Seventeen of the private wharves are open to the publihc upon equal terms. Twenty-seven have mechanical appli- ances for handling passengers or freight. Thirty-five have physical connection with railroads, and in the case of 14 others, railroads run either to the heads of the wharves or adjacent thereto. Five of the wharves have 6 feet or less at mean low tide, 22 have from 10 to 15 feet, 7 have from 16 to 20 feet, 6 from 21 to 25 feet, 9 from 26 to 30 feet, and 4 have 35 feet. Two wharves are bare at mean low tide. Many of the wharves are of solid fill within stone walls and with wooden-pile extensions, while most of the larger ones are built entirely on piles. The transportation terminals are efficient, but in some respects have not been found to be of sufficient capacity to satisfactorily handle the class of vessel's offering. The coal wharves are efficient, though somewhat crowded for room in one or two in- stances. Most of the remaining commercial wharves are of corisider- able size, but are of an old type, with shallow docks, and are not considered efficient. While existing facilities accommodate the pres- ent commerce, need for betterment has been evident. There is abun- dant space, but in order to increase terminal facilities it will be necessary to revise and rebuild at least a portion of the older wharf- age system. (For further details see IH.Doc. No. 652, 66th Cong., 2d sess., and Port Series No. 1, Corps of Engineers.) Operations and results during flecal year.--Maintenance dredging, under contract, for the removal of a shoal area in Fore River, in progress at the beginning of the fiscal year, was completed Sep- tember 1, 1931. There were removed and deposited 6,256 cubic yards, scow measurement, of dredgings and 11 cubic yards of boul- ders at a cost of $3,606.31, all for maintenance. Maintenance dredging, under contract, for restoring project di- mensions in Back Cove was commenced May 9, 1932 and field work was completed June 27, 1932. There were removed and deposited approximately 173,813 cubic yards, scow measurement, of material at a cost of $61,615.97, all for maintenance. The total yardage removed and cost is subject to correction upon completion or after dredging survey which is now in progress. The total cost was $58,882.28, all for maintenance. The total expenditures were $58,974.41. Condition at end of frcal year.-The existing project is completed except for removal of two obstructing ledges in the main ship chan- 140960-ENG 1932 3 32 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1932 nel to a depth of 40 feet at mean low water. About 88 per cent of the entire project has been accomplished. The condition of the project as ascertained in 1931 was as follows: In the 30-foot anchor- age area the controlling depth, with the exception of an area 200 feet wide and 800 feet long in the southeasterly corner over which there was a controlling depth of 20 feet, was 27 feet at mean low water. In the 30-foot channel of approach to Back Cove the con- trolling depth was about 21 feet due apparently to deposits from the Presumpscot River. As this part of the channel is no longer used for deep-draft traffic no inconvenience is experienced. fhe controlling depth between Grand Trunk and Tukeys Bridges was 14 feet at mean low water. In the 35 and 30 foot channels in the lower harbor the controlling depths were 30 and 29.6 feet, respec- tively. In the 30-foot channel between the inner end of the 35-foot channel and Portland Bridge across Fore River the controlling depth was 28 feet at mean low water. In Fore River the control- ling depth was 28.3 feet. In Back Cove the controlling depth in June, 1932, was 12 feet at mean low water. The costs under the existing project have been $1,578,129.06 for new work and $190,270.47 for maintenance, a total of $1,768,399.53. The total expenditures have been $1,768,189.22. Proposed operations.--It is proposed to apply the; funds unex- pended on June 30, 1932, amounting to $10,121.33, as follows: Accounts payable June 30, 1932------------------------------ $5,752.06 Maintenance: Adjustment of yardage removed in restoration of Back, Cove channel to project dimensions under an existing contract, upon completion of final dredging survey (July, 1932)------------ 4, 369. 27 Total- ------------------------------------------- 10, 121. 33 The only part of the existing project remaining uncompleted is the removal of two ledges in the main ship channel, estimated to cost about $200,000. This involves the removal of about 3,200 cubic yards of rock to the depth of 40 feet at mean low water. So far as known there is no urgent necessity for the removal of these rock ledges at this time. The sum of $170,000 can be profitably expended during the fiscal year 1934, as follows: Maintenance: Restoration of 30-foot channel in the main harbor to project dimensions by dredging, throughout the fiscal year, about 390,000 cubic yards -------------- --------------------------- $150,000 Restoration of 30 foot channel in Fore River to project dimen- sions by dredging, throughout the fiscal year, about 50,000 cubic yards---..........-------------...-------- ------------------ 20, 000 Total ----------------------------------------------- 170, 000 The amount required exceeds the average amount expended annu- ally for maintenance during the last five years. The increased amount is necessary to restore project dimensions to meet the needs of commerce. Commercial statistics.-The foreign tonnage decreased from the previous year, due to the continued diversion of large quantities of import and export freight to Canadian ports. Domestic tonnage shows decrease over previous year. Coal, 1,131,260 tons, comprised RIVERS AND HARBORS-BOSTON, MASS., DISTRICT 33 43 per cent; fuel oil and other petroleum products, 694,281 tons, comprised 27 per cent; pulpwood and wood pulp, 306,280 tons, com- prised 12 per cent; and china clay, 59,656 tons, comprised 2 per cent of the total tonnage for 1931. Comparative statement Calendar Tons Value Passengers Caledar Tons Value Passengers 1927-- 3,300, 888 $109, 964,450 549,420 1930--------3, 280,121 .$105, 460, 582 473, 724 1928-....... 3, 370, 283 103,062, 707 491, 288 1 1931--------......... 2 561. 582 73, 344, 684t 430,276 1929 3,157, 653 104,812, 635 483.414 Cost and financial summary Cost of new work to June 30, 1932__---------------- -_ $2, 270, 564. 31 Cost of maintenance to June 30, 1932._- -_---_--_--- -- 190, 270. 47 Total cost of permanent work to June 30, 1932-- 2, 460, 834. 78 Value of plant, materials, etc., on hand June 30, 1932 ------ - 5, 541.75 Net total cost to June 30, 1962-----------------------2, 466, 376. 53 Minus accounts payable June 30, 1932 _-------__------ 5, 752. 06 Net total expenditures--___ ---------------- 2, 460, 624. 47 Unexpended balance June 30, 1932____ - -_______------ -10, 121. 33 Total amount appropriated to June 30, 1932 ------------ 2, 470, 745. 80 Fiscal year ending June 30 1928 1929 1930 1931 1932 Cost of new work---------------------------------------------- Cost of maintenance------------------- $72,951.63 $13,433.72 $13,420.48 $24,492.91 $58,882. 28 Total expended....----------------------- 64, 268. 03 24, 425. 18 12, 744. 32 17, 485. 48 58, 974. 41 Allotted...------------------------------ 2, 718. 75 18, 300. 00 51, 700. 00 -9, 700. 00 45. 000. Balance unexpended July 1, 1931 --------------------- $24,095.74 __------ Amount allotted from War Department appropriation act approved Feb. 23, 1931------------------------------------------ 65,000.00 Amount to be accounted for _----__-__------------ 89, 095. 74 Deductions on account of revocation of allotment------------- 20, 000. 00 Net amount to be accounted for .... -------- _-,-- 69,095.74 Gross amount expended------------- --------------------- 58, 974.41 Balance unexpended June 30, 1932.--. _____.---------- - 10, 121. 33 Outstanding liabilities June 30, 1982--------------- $5,756.71 Amount covered by uncompleted contracts----.------- 3,988.33 9, 745. 04 Balance available June 30, 1932-------------------- ------ _ 376. 29 Amount (estimated) required to be appropriated for completion of existing project 1- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 212, 000. 00 Amount that can be profitably expended in fiscal year ending June - 30, 1934, for maintenance1 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 170,000.00 1 Exclusive of available funds. 34 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1932 7. SACO RIVER, ME. Location and de~cription.---Rises in the White Mountain region of New Hampshire at an elevation about 1,900 feet above sea level, flows about 105 miles in a general southeasterly direction, and discharges into the Atlantic about 16 miles southwest of Portland Harbor, Me. The drainage area is 1,730 square miles, and the mean discharge at the head of navigation has been estimated at about 3,927 second-feet. The river is tidal up to Saco and Biddeford, about 5 miles from the mouth. Its minimum width between banks below Saco and Bidde- ford is about 200 feet, though in places the width is as great as 1,000 feet. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Chart No. 231.) Original condition.--Above the head of navigation the river has been used for lumbering and affords a large amount of water power. The navigable portion, from Saco and Biddeford to the sea, was generally shoal, had a winding course with numerous shoals and ledges, and discharged through a wide sandy beach, where the depth was only 2 feet at mean low tide. Outside the bar the water deepened to '30 feet. Previous projects.-None. Existing projeot.-This provides for a channel depth of 8 feet at mean low water in earth cuts and 9 feet deep in ledge from the sea to the head of navigation at the cities of Saco, and Biddeford, a dis- tance of about 6 miles, the width to be: 140 ffeet across the bar, 200 feet in the lower section between the jetties, 140 feet in the middle section, and 100 feet in the upper section, to be secured by means of dredging; a small quantity of rock excavation, several small riprap jetties within the river,, a riprap breakwater about 5,800 feet long extending seaward from the north side of the mouth of the river, and a riprap jetty or training wall from the south side of the mouth of the river, practically parallel with the breakwater and about 4,800 feet long. The mean tidal range is 8.8 feet; the extreme about 1 foot greater. The estimate of cost for new work, revised in 1928, is $532,000, which includes $20,000 contributed by local interests. The latest (1924) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $3,000. The existing project was authorized by the following river and harbor acts: The act of March 2, 1827, provided for the erection of piers, the placing of buoys, and the removal of obstructions at the entrance of the harbor; the act of June 23, 1866, provided for the breakwater on the north side of the mouth of the river; the act of September 19, 1890, provided for the jetty on the south side of the mouth (S. Ex. Doc. No. 44, 48th Cong., 1st sess.); the act of June 25, 1910, provided for a project depth of 7 feet and an extension of the jetty on the south side of the mouth of the river (H. Doc. No. 752, 61st Cong., 24 sess.) ; and the act of March 3, 1925, provided for the present dimensions of the channel and the extension of the break- water about 1,600 feet (H. Doc. No. 477, 68th Cong., 2d sess.). The latest published maps are in House Document No. 752, Sixty-first Congress, second session. Recommended modifidations of project.-None. RIVERS AND HARBORS-BOSTON, MASS., DISTRICT 35 Local cooperation.-The river and harbor act of March 3, 1925, requires that $20,000 shall be contributed by local interests toward the cost of the project. The requirements of this act have been fulfilled. Terminal failities.---There is a small pier near the mouth of the river which is used for summer passenger business. There are five wharves, all of solid fill construction, at Saco and Biddeford, none of which have railroad connection. Of these, 1 is unavailable be- cause of a rocky berth, 1 is in poor condition, and 3 are in good condition. The latter are used for private business, two are coal- handling terminals and are open to the public on moderate terms, the other is an oil terminal. One coal wharf has modern mechanical appliances, with good efficiency; the other is equipped, but the ma- chinery is crude. Depths range from 6 to 8 feet at mean low tide. The traffic is small and is almost entirely coal. The facilities appear to be adequate for existing demands. (For further details see H. Doc. No. 652, 66th Cong., 2d sess.) Operations and results during fiscal year.-None. The expendi- tures amounted to $13.90 covering the cost of advertisement for pro- posals for ledge removal at Twin Islands, for which specifications were issued but recalled prior to the date of opening bids. The cost was minus $1.38 for maintenance. Condition at end of fiscal year.-About 95 per cent of the existing project has been completed. The remaining portion includes the removal of a small quantity of rock ledge at Twin Islands. So far as known, there is no urgent necessity for the removal of this ledge at this time. The several small riprap jetties within the river were completed in 1893. The jetties are in generally good condition. The 8-foot channel is completed, with the exception of the removal of the ledge at Twin Islands. A survey made in May, 1930, shows that shoaling has taken place in the bar channel at the river mouth, so that the controlling depth at mean low water on June 30, 1930, was about 7 feet. The costs of the existing project have been $489,352.84 for new work and $19,843.42 for maintenance, a total of $509,196.26. The expenditures have been $509,211.54. In addition, $20,000 has been expended from contributed funds. Proposed operations.-The unexpended balance will be applied to maintenance contingencies during the fiscal year 1933. The only part of the existing project remaining uncompleted is the removal of ledge rock at Twin Islands to a depth of 9 feet at mean low water. So far as known there is no urgent necessity for the removal of this ledge rock as it is believed that there is sufficient depth of water over this ledge area to meet the reasonable require- ments of present commerce. Therefore no funds can be profitably expended during the fiscal year ending June 30, 1934. Commercial statistics.-The tonnage for 1931 shows a slight de- crease over the previous year. Coal, 40,045 tons, comprised 72 per cent; petroleum products, 9,430 tons, comprised 17 per cent; and lumber, 5,969 tons, comprised 11 per cent of the total tonnage for 1931. 36 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1932 Comparative statement Calendar Tons Value Passengers Calendar Tons Value Passengers year year 1927---------- 43, 222 $458, 852 9,790 1930.........----------. 8, 539 $653, 827 .........- 1928----------.......... 49, 939 612,581 7,879 1931--------.......... -- 55, 444 634, 904 1929---------.......... 8, 044 657, 755 1,555 Cost and financial summary Cost of new work to June 30, 19321-- ------------------------ $489, 352.84 Cost of maintenance to June 30, 1932_-------------------------19, 843.42 Total cost of permanent work to June 30, 1932_--. ---- 509,196. 26 Value of plant, materials, etc., on hand June 30, 1932------------- 15. 28 Net total cost to June 30, 1982 - ____. - - -- 509, 211.54 Net total expenditures_--------__ ....----------- 509, 211.54 Unexpended balance June 30, 1932 _----__----_------------ --- 460. 21 Total amount appropriated to June 30, 1932 -.---- --- 509, 671. 75 Fiscal year ending June 30 1928 1929 1930 1931 1932 Cost of new work............--------------------$26, 082.92 $40,962.67 $28, 673.57 -$3, 631.05 ......... Cost of maintenance---------------......... ----- ----------------- 2, 502. 31 8, 220. 10 -$1. 38 Total cost. ...---------------------- 26, 082.; 92 40, 962.67 31,175. 88 4, 589. 05 -1. 38 Total expended......----------------------- 11, 697. 37 49, 479.99 28, 120. 28 13, 512. 98 13.90 --------------------------------- Allotted.................................. ............ 15, 400. 00 -------------- -- 10, 000.00 Balance unexpended July 1, 1931---------------- ------------ $10, 474.11 Deductions on account of revocation of allotment---------------- 10, 000. 00 Net amount to be accounted for--------------- ------------ 474. 11 Gross amount expended_ - -- ____ -- _-__ ___--------_ 13. 90 Balance unexpended June 30, 1932-- ----- ----- - - 460. 21 Amount (estimated) required to be appropriated for completion of existing project 2 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -- -- - - - - - - - - - - - - - 22, 500. 00 8. KENNEBUNK RIVER, ME. Location and description.-The source of this river is in the cen- tral part of York County, in southwestern Maine. The stream flows about 15 miles in a southeasterly direction and discharges into the Atlantic Ocean about 30 miles southwest of Portland Harbor, Me. The drainage area is about 38 square miles. Improvement has been confined to that part of the river between Kennebunkport and the mouth, a distance of about 1 mile. The stream is tidal above Kenne- bunkport, but is rarely used for navigation. The width between banks varies from 250 to 450 feet. The mean discharge is estimated to be about 75 second-feet. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Chart No. 1205.) 1 Exclusive of $20,000 expended from contributed funds. a Exclusive of available funds. RIVERS AND HARBORS-BOSTON, MASS., DISTRICT 37 Original ondition.-The practical head of navigation is at the bridge at Kennebunkport, about 1 mile above the mouth, though occasionally small vessels may ascend to points above. Originally the depth was less than 4 feet at mean low tide and the entrance was shoal and unprotected. Previous projects.--None. Existing project.-This provides for the construction of a stone breakwater on the easterly side of the mouth of the river about 550 feet long, a pier or jetty on the westerly side of the mouth about 290 feet long, the construction of a wharf about 700 feet upstream from the shore end of the breakwater, the construction of a jetty on the left bank a short distance farther upstream, and securing a depth of 4 feet at mean low tide for an average width of 100 feet up to Kenne- bunkport, a distance of about 1 mile, by dredging and rock removal. The mean tidal range is 9 feet, the extreme 13.5 feet. Work ap- pears to have been commenced by the State of Massachusetts in 1798, since which date a number of small appropriations have been made for maintenance and further improvement. The river and harbor act of March 2, 1829, provided for repair of the pier on the eastern side of the channel at the entrance. The act of August 14, 1876, provided for deepening at Wading Place and Mitchells Point (Annual Report for 1875, p. 115); the act of September 19, 1890, for the jetty at Wading Place (H. Ex. Doc. No. 136, 51st Cong., 1st sess.; also Annual Report for 1890, p. 471). Reomvmended modifications of project.-None. Local cooperation.-None. Terminal facilities.-There are seven privately owned piers in usable condition at Kennebunkport. All are grouped within 1,200 feet of the bridge, six being below and one above. All are of pile- crib construction with earth fill, and, as a rule, in good condition. But one, the coal terminal, has mechanical appliances for handling freight, and these are crude, consisting of an A frame, by means of which the cargo is hoisted out by horsepower and placed in a storage shed of 1,100 tons capacity. About 120 tons per day can be handled. Depths at the ends of the piers vary from 14 feet at the coal terminal to from 4 to 6 feet at the others. Practically all the piers are open to public use at a mere nominal charge. None has physical connec- tion with railroads. The terminal facilities are of low efficiency, but are regarded as sufficient for existing needs. There is one wharf on the east side of the river about seven-eighths mile below the bridge and about one-fourth mile above the mouth. It is owned by the Federal Government and is in part pile and in part stone construction with earth fill. It has no mechanical ap- pliances, is in poor condition, and is used only to a very limited extent. Operations and results during fiscal year.-By hired labor and plant work on repair of stone breakwater on the easterly side of the mouth was commenced November 5, 1931, and completed December 18, 1931. Three hundred tons of wall stone were reset 212 tons of rubblestone and 165 cubic yards of concrete were placed in the breakwater and 50 galvanized iron pins were placed in front of cap- stones at a total cost of $2,969.15 for maintenance. 38 REPORT OF OE.UF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1932 Under contract dated March 21, 1932, for maintenance dredging, work was commenced April 16, 1932, and was in progress at the close of the fiscal year. There were dredged and disposed of 49,526 cubic yards of material,-, scow measurement, at a total cost of $34,262.33 for maintenance. The total cost was $37,231.48, all for maintenance. The expendi- tures amounted to $30,419.84. Condition at end. of fiscal year.--The project was completed in 1893, since which date repairs have been made to breakwater, pier, and jetty. Maintenance dredging to 4 feet at mean low water is about 95 per cent completed. The controlling depth as ascertained in June, 1932, is 3.4 feet at mean low water. .The costs of the exist- ing project have 'been $83,584.01 for new work and $45,075.77 for maintenance, a total of $128,659.78. Expenditures have been $121,- 848.14. Proposed operation.--It is proposed to apply the funds unex- pended on June 30, 1932, amounting to $10,580.16, as follows: Accounts, payable Iune 80, 1932--------------------------- $7,025. 85 Maintenance: Complete. restoration of 4-foot channel to project dimensions under an existing contract (July, 1932), about 5,000 cubic yards=------ ----------------- --- ----------- 3, 554. 31 Total----- -------- ------ ------------------ 10, 580. 16 No funds can: be profitably expended''during the fiscal year ending June 30, 1934, as the work proposed is believed to be ample to meet the reasonable requiremlents of present and prospective commerce. Commercial statistics.--There is very little commerce, the locality being almost exclusively a summer resort. Fresh fish, 275 tons, com- prised 95 per cent; and lobsters, 16 tons, comprised 5 per cent of the total tonnage for 1931. Comparative statement Calendar year . Tons Value 1929---------------------------------------------------------------.48 $35, 620 1930----- ----------------------------------------------------------- 648 38,880 1931-------- --------------------------------------------------------- 291 41,240 Cost and finanota summary Cost of new work to June 30, 1932----------------__-______ $83, 584.01 Cost of maintenance to June 30, 1932____ ....- ___--- - 45, 075. 77 Total cost of permanent work to June 30, 1932_......... .- 128, 659. 78 Value of plant, materials, etc., on hand June 30, 1932___--------- 214. 21 Net total cost to June 30, 1932_ 128, 873. 99 Minus accounts payable June 30, 1932___---------------- - 7, 025. 85 Net total expenditures _... ----........- _____- .- 121, 848. 14 Unexpended balance June 30, 1932 -_-__--------- 10,580. 16 Total amount appropriated to June 30, 1932----------- 132,428. 30 RIVERS AND HARBORS--BOSTON, MASS., DISTRICT 39 Fiscal year ending June 30- 1928 1929 1930 1931 1932 Cost of new work..............------------------------------------------------ . . Cost of maintenance------------------... ----------- $1, 200. 00 --------------------- $37,231.48 Total expended--------------------------------- 1,008.58 $191.42------------80, 419. 84 Allotted-.......---..------------------ ---------------- 1, 200.00 ---------------------- 41,000. 00 Amount allotted from War Department appropriation act approved May 28, 1930-- ------------------------------------------- $9,000.00 Amount allotted from War Department appropriation act approved Feb. 23, 1931---------------------- -------------------- 32,000.00 Amount to be accounted for.----- --------------------- 41,000.00 Gross amount expended ---------------- ---------------- 30,419.84 Balance unexpended June 30, 1932----------------------10, 580.16 Outstanding liabilities June 30, 1982 ..----------------- $7,025.85 Amount covered by uncompleted contracts -------------- 3, 554. 31 10, 580.16 9. YORK HARBOR, ME. Location and description.-This harbor is the mouth of York River, a small stream emptying into the Atlantic Ocean, about 10 miles east of Portsmouth, N. H., and 40 miles south of Port- land, Me. The harbor proper or basin lies west of Stage Neck and northeast of the " Narrows," a reach of the channel between Stage Neck and Harris Island. It is about 1,200 feet in length with a width varying from 300 feet at its southerly end to about 450 feet at its northerly end with depths of from 7 to 32 feet at mean low water. Its location is shown on United States Coast and Geodetic Survey Chart No. 228. Original condition.--The channel was crooked and difficult to navigate. The entrance to the harbor proper was obstructed by a bar of gravel and rocks. At mean low water this bar had a depth of about 3.5 feet over its shoalest place. The capacity of the harbor proper was greatly diminished by sand spits. The harbor proper is that portion of the waterway west of Stage Neck and northerly of the "Narrows." Previous projects.--The original project was adopted by the act of August 5? 1886, and was regarded as completed in 1894. The cost and expenditures were $44,000, all for new work. For further de- tails see page 526 of Annual Report for 1922. Existing project.--This provides for widening the channel off Bragdons Island about 170 feet by dredging to the depth of 10 feet at mean low water, and for removing to the same depth the point of projecting shoal just above. The mean tidal range is 8 feet. The estimate of cost for new work, made in 1905, exclusive of amount expended on previous project was $13,400. The existing project was adopted by the river and harbor act of March 3, 1905. The latest published map is in House Document No. 301, Fifty- eighth Congress, second session. Recommended modiflcations of project.--None. Local cooperation.-None. 40 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1932 Terminal facilities.--Priorto 1915 there were two brick manufac- turing plants and two coal wharves located on York River. With the exception of a coal business that started up in 1927, the others mentioned no longer use the waterway. The harbor is used mostly by fishing boats and pleasure craft. Operations and result during fiscal year.-None. There were no expenditures. Condition at end of fiscal year.-The existing project was com- pleted in 1906. The controlling depth at mean low water in the area covered by the existing project was 7.4 feet in 1930. The cost and expenditures under the existing project were $13,400, all for new work. Proposed operations.-No funds are available and no work is pro- posed during the fiscal year 1933. The sum of $13,000 can be profitably expended during the fiscal year 1934 in restoration to project depth of the harbor basin west of Stage Neck by contract (July-August, 1983), about 20,000 cubic yards. No maintenance dredging has ever been done and redredging to project dimensions is necessary. Commercial statistics.-There is very little commerce, the locality being almost exclusively a summer resort. Coal, 1,200 tons, com- prised 96 per cent of the total tonnage for 1931. Comparative statement Calendar year tons alue 1930.........-- -------------------------------------------- 1,079 $15,473 1931........----..--..... ------------------------------------------- 1, 250 30, 6595 Cost and flianoi stummary Cost of new work to June 30, 1932-----. -------- $57, 400. 00 Cost of maintenance to June 80, 1932,,---- Total cost of permanent work to June 30, 1932-__.---_--- - 57, 400.00 Net total expenditures----------------------- ----------- 57,400. 00 Total amount appropriated to June 30, 1932- _----- ------- 57, 400. 00 Amount that can be profitably expended in fiscal year ending June 30, 1934; for maintenance .----- ,--..-__-_----..... 13, 000. 00 10. NEWBURYPORT HARBOR, MASS. Location and description.-Newburyport is on the south bank of Merrimack River, about 2.5 miles above the mouth and about 58 miles by water north of Boston. The river at this point is about one- fourth of a mile wide. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Chart No. 331.) Original condition.-The outlet of the Merrimack River, which between Plum Island and Salisbury Point was 1,000 feet wide and 80 feet deep at mean low water, was obstructed by a sand bar nearly a mile outside, through which in 1880 a narrow channel about 7 feet RIVERS AND HARBORS-BOSTON, MASS., DISTRICT 41 deep at mean low water was maintained by the current of the river. The channel from the bar up to Newburyport was of navigable width and had a depth of 9 feet at mean low water. Previous projects.-None. Existing project.-This provides for two rubblestone jetties, each 15 feet wide on top at elevation 12 feet above mean low water, with slopes of 1 on 2 on :the seaward face and 1 on 1 on the shoreward face; one projecting from the north shore 4,118 feet, the other from the south shore 2,445 feet, converging until 1,000 feet apart, and then extending seaward parallel to the axis of the channel for a distance of 1,000 feet; and for partially closing Plum Island Basin by a timber dike about 800 feet long and 5.5 feet above mean low water; the object being to create at the outer bar a permanent channel 1,000 feet wide and at least 17 feet deep at mean low water, to enable vessels of such draft as can proceed at high tide to the wharves at Newburyport to enter the river at mean low water. The mean range of tide is 7.9 feet at the bar and 7.8 feet at Newburyport. The extreme range is about 9.1 feet at the bar and 8.8 feet at New- buryport. The estimate of cost for new work, revised in 1897, is $599,547.49. The latest (1917) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $2,500. The existing project was adopted by the river and harbor act of June 14, 1880; and dredging through the bar, if found advisable, was authorized by the river and harbor act of June 25, 1910. The various features of the plan of improvement and its modifications are defined in Annual Reports of the Chief of Engineers for the fiscal years ending June 30, 1881, page 502; 1882, page 509; 1883, page 437; 1884, pages 494, 497; 1886, page 558; 1897, page 825; 1899, page 63; 1910, page 60. The latest published maps will be found in House Document No. 339, Fifty-ninth Congress, second session, and in House Document No. 1813, Sixty-fourth Congress, second session. Recommended modifications of project.--None. Local cooperation.-None. Terminal facilities.-The terminal facilities consist chiefly of 14 wharves extending along a frontage of about 3,500 feet of the south bank of the Merrimack River below the highway bridge, and are all old structures of piles, or of stone walls or wooden bulkheads, filled solid. On the north side of the river is one small pile pier used for receipt and local distribution of petroleum and its products. The depth at mean low water at these wharves varies from 15 to 18 feet. Except for two small rowboat landings, none is publicly owned or open to general public use. The terminal facilities are considered adequate for existing com- merce. (For further details, see H. Doc. No. 652, 66th Cong., 2d sess.) Operatios and results during fiscal year.--None. There were no expenditures. Condition at end of fiscal year.-The north jetty was completed in 1914; the south jetty was completed, except for a length of about 30 feet at its outer end, in the fiscal year 1905. Plum Island Basin was closed during the fiscal year 1883. North Rock was removed in July, 1901. The timber dike has fallen into disrepair. The jetties 42 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, 1U. S. ARMY, 19.32 ;are are in serviceable condition but are not full section in all places; the outer ends have settled and submerged at high water. The project is regarded as about 97 per cent completed. A survey made in June and July, 1931, indicated that there was about 13 feet at mean low tide over the bar at the mouth of the river. The bar con- sists of shifting sand, and conditions change rapidly and frequently. Expenditures have' been $500,900, which amount was the cost of the existing project, $463,843.62 being for new work and $37,056.38 for maintenance. Proposed operation.--It is proposed to do the following work with funds to be allotted during the fiscal year 1933: Maintenance: Building by contract (August-September, 1932) two mounds of rubblestone at the end of the north and south jetties, the mound on the north jetty to serve as a base for a lighted beacon to be placed by the Lighthouse Service, about 1,000 tons of stone... $5, 500 While about 30 feet of the south jetty at the outer end has not been completed, it has accomplished practically what was expected and its completion is not considered essential. It is not believed that any maintenance will be necessary during the next two years. Therefore, no additional funds can be profitably expended during the fiscal year ending June 30, 1934. Commercial statistics.-Coal comprised 73 per cent of the water- borne tonnage for the calendar year 1931, the remainder being re- fined petroleum products. All freight on the Merrimack River (see Part II of this report) also passes through Newburyport Harbor in transit. Comparative statement Calendar year Tons Value Calendar year Tons Value --------------------- 1927_ 45,505 $700, 826 1930---------------------47,858 $703, 748 1928--------------------59,203 67816 1931 --................-------------------. 38, 659 443, 471 1929-- ------------------ 51,403 628, 013 Cost arid flnancia summary Cost of new work to June 30, 1932.-------------_------------- $463, 843. 62 Cost of maintenance to June 30, 1932,__.------------------ - 37, 056. 38 Total cost of permanent work to June 30, 1932...--------- 500, 900. 00 -.. Net total expenditures---,,--_---------_--- --------- --- 500, 900. 00 Total amount appropriated to June 30, 1932------------------- 500, 900.00 Amount (estimated) required to be appropriated for completion of existing project .-------------------------------------- 135, 700. 00 11. GLOUCESTER HARBOR, MASS. Location and description.-This harbor, an important center for the fishing fleet of New England, is formed by a natural indentation of the coast line, protected at the entrance by a breakwater. The harbor is situated at the southern extremity of Cape Ann, about 23 miles northeast by water from Boston Harbor. The width at the mouth is about 11/ miles and the length from that point to the head of the inner harbor is about 25/s miles. The outer harbor has an area behind the breakwater of approximately 350 acres at the 18-foot RIVERS AND HARBORS-BOSTON, MASS., DISTRICT 43 contour and the inner harbor about 80 acres at the 12-foot contour. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Chart No. 243.) Original conition.--The inner harbor, which had a depth suffi- cient for the largest ships, contained several very dangerous sub- merged rocks, and the outer harbor was entirely without protection against the sea on the south. Previous projects.-House Document No, 1491, Sixty-third Con- gress, third session, page 457, lists an appropriation of $6,000, act of March 3, 1823, but no record of its expenditure is found. Projects for removal of rocks from the harbor were adopted by the river and. harbor acts of June 10, 1872, August 5, 1886, and June 3, 1896. The cost and expenditures on original projects prior to the adoption of the existing project (expenditures on which began in 1888) were $21,000, all for new work. For further detail' see page 1740 of Annual Report for 1915. Existing project.-This provides: (a) For a rubblestone breakwater, 2,250 feet long, surmounted by a super<- structure of dry walls of heavy split stone inclosing a core of rubblestone from Eastern Point over Dog Bar to Cat Ledge. (b) For the removal of three ledges in the inner harbor, one to 12 feet and two to 15 feet depth at mean low water, and five ledges in the outer harbor, four to 18 feet, and one to 25 feet depth at mean low water, aggregating a total of 2,200 cubic yards, place measurement. (o) For removal to depth of 15 feet below mean low water of ledges and bowlders obstructing the approach to the wharves between Harbor Cove and Pews Wharf, near the head of the inner harbor; dredging to the same depth of the channel leading past the wharves and dredging of Harbor Cove to the depth of 10 feet at mean low water. The mean range of tide is 8.9 feet. The extreme range is 12.6 feet. The estimates of cost for new work, exclusive of amounts expended on previous projects, are as follows: (a) For breakwater, $416,083.43, revised in 1902; (b) removal of eight ledges, $51,000, made i 1908; (c) for removal of ledges and bowlders and dredging, $65,000 made in 1887. The latest (1928) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance of the breakwater is $1,000. The existing project was authorized by the following river and harbor acts: (a) The act of August 18, 1894, provided for the breakwater from Eastern Point to Round Rock Shoal (H. Ex.Doc. No. 56, 48th Cong., 2d sess.) ; and the act of June 13, 1902, authorized the termination of the breakwater at Cat Ledge; (b) the act of June 25, 1910, provided for the removal of eight ledges (H. Doc. No. 1112, 60th Cong., 2d seSa) ; (c) the act of August 11, 1888, pro- vided for the removal of ledges and bowlders, and dredging (Annual Report for 1887, p. 5). References to latest published maps: Project of 1888 for removal of ledges and bowlders and dredging,Annual Report for 1887, pages 504 and 506; project of 1894 for breakwater, and project of 1910 for ledge removal (H. Doc. No. 1112, 60th Cong., 2d sess.). Recommended modilation :of project.--None. Local cooperation.-Noconditions have been imposed by law. The Commonwealth of Massaehusetts has deepened Harbor Cove to 15 feet below mean low water over the entire area 50 feet outside the wharf line; has dredged a channel and basin 130 feet long, 30' feet wide, and 6 feet deep at mean low water from the 6-foot contour 44 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1932 at the northwesterly end of Harbor Cove to the public landing at the head of Harbor Cove; has dredged along the westerly side of Harbor Cove a channel 800 feet long, 60 feet wide, and 17 feet deep at mean low water, at a total cost of $25,155.04, and has dredged Smiths Cove in three areas to depths of 6, 10, and 14 feet at mean low water, at a cost of $13,466.16. The Commonwealth has dredged a channel 16 feet deep at mean low water, varying in width from 200 feet at the outer end to 100 feet at the inner end, a distance of 2,400 feet, and also removed three ledges, one near Five Pound Island Beacon and two near the head of the harbor to a depth of 16 feet at mean low water, at a total cost of $108,968.33. The Common- wealth of Massachusetts in cooperation with the city of Gloucester, has dredged a channel parallel to the State harbor line on the East Gloucester side of the harbor 100 feet wide and 17 feet deep at mean low water extending from the 17-foot depth southerly of Five Pound Island, 1,750 feet to a point northeasterly of Five Pound Island and at a cost of $40,026.32. The Commonwealth has also dredged Annis- quam Canal from Gloucester Harbor to Ipswich Bay, 8 feet deep at mean low water and of varying widths, 50 to 200 feet, at a total cost of $171,498.69. Terminal facilities.-There are in Gloucester Harbor 60 wharves worthy of mention, nearly all being of bulkhead and pile construe- tion. Of these, 47 are used by light-draft fishing vessels, 5 are at- tached to ship-repair yards, 5 are coal and lumber wharves, 2 are used for gasoline, and 1 is used for miscellaneous freight and pas- senger business. The depth beside the wharves varies from 0 to 18 feet at mean low water. None of the wharves has any railroad con- nection. Except for two wharves owned by. the city, all are private, and are not available to the public. These facilities are considered adequate for the commerce of the port. (For further details see H. Doc. No. 652, 66th Cong., 2d sess.) Operations and redlts d'ring fiscal year.-Under contract dated October 27, 1931, for repairs to breakwater, work was started Novem- ber 24, 1931, and completed December 18, 1931. Four hundred and twenty-nine tons of dimension stone were replaced, 511 tons reset, and 1,223 tons of rubblestone placed in the work. Twenty-nine gal- vanized-iron pins were placed behind an equal number of capstones, at a total cost of $7,381.63 for maintenance. The expenditures amounted to $7,381.63. Condition at end of flcal year.-The existing project was com- pleted in 1916 at a saving of $30,905 under the estimated cost. The removal of all ledges and bowlders between Harbor Cove and Pew's Wharf, and other obstructing rocks, was completed in 1896; the dredging of a channel in front of the wharves and in Harbor Cove was completed in 1894, controlling depth as ascertained in 1908 being 15 feet at mean low water, and the removal of a pinnacle rock in the outer harbor in 1896, all at a cost of $66 681.65. The breakwater com- pleted in 1905 was built at a cost of $410,097.19 for new work and $23,396.79 for maintenance, a total of $433,493.98. The removal of all ledges was completed in 1916 at a cost of $24,400 for new work. The controlling depths over the ledges in the outer harbor as ascer- tained in 1916 are from 18 to 25 feet, the controlling depth as ascer- tain in 1931 over the ledges in the inner harbor was 14.6 feet. The RIVERS AND HARBORS---BOSTON, MIASS., DISTRICT 45 total costs under the existing project have been $501,178.84 for new work and $23,396.79 for maintenance, $524,575.63 in all, and the expenditures have been the same. Proposed operations.--The unexpended balance will be revoked as no work is proposed during the fiscal year 1933. The breakwater is in good repair and it is not believed that any maintenance operations will be required during the fiscal year end- ing June 30, 1934. Commercial statistics.-Coal,in barges of 14 to 18 feet draft, com- prised 59 per cent of the water-borne tonnage for the calendar year 1931; the balance of the freight was fish. Gloucester is a fishing port, and is visited by many small sailing or motor vessels of light draft, and by a few coal barges; but its water-borne freight shows a gradual decline. Comparative statement Calendar year Tons Value Calendar year Tons Value 1927..------------------.... 83, 754 $2, 224, 401 1930.-------------------- 64,871 $1, 772,138 1928----- ---------------- 68,341 2, 275, 606 931---------------------53,846 1,150,.141 1929--------------------- 57,985 2,397,155 Cost and financial summary Cost of new work to June 30, 1932--- --------------------- $522,178.84 Cost of maintenance to June 30, 1932------------------------ 23, 396. 79 Total cost of permanent work to June 30, 1932----------- 545, 575. 63 Net total expenditures------....-----------------------------545, 575. 63 Unexpended balance June 30, 1932------------------ --------- 2, 607. 37 Total amount appropriated to June 30, 1932----....------- 548, 183.00 Fiscal year ending June 30 1928 1929 1930 1931 1932 Cost ofnew work..---------- . . ------------------------------------------------ -- Cost of maintenance----------------- --------------------------------- $11. 00 $7, 381.63 Total expended-------------------... .----------------------------------- 11.00 7,381.63 Allotted----------------.........-----------------------------------------10, 000.00-----.........----- Balance unexpended July 1, 1931------- --------------------- $9,989. 00 Gross amount expended .----------------- ------- ----------- 7, 381. 63 Balance unexpended June 30, 1932...--- ------------------ 2, 607. 37 12. BEVERLY HARBOR, MASS. The project was completed in 1927 at a saving of $23,434 under the estimated cost. No work was done during the fiscal year and none is contemplated during 1933 or 1934, since the channel is believed to be in condition to meet the reasonable requirements of present and prospective commerce. For further details see Annual Report for 1931, page 49. Commercial statistics.--The portion of Beverly Harbor most dis- tinctly served by the improvement is that below Essex Bridge. A 46 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 19r32 portion of the commerce (25,676 tons, valued at $443,500), passed through the improvement into Beverly Creek and Danvers River above the bridge during 1931, and is included in the comparative statement below. For the whole harbor coal comprised 49 per cent of the tonnage for the calendar year 1931, petroleum products and gas oil 50 per cent. The usual loaded draft of motor tankers was reported as 10 feet, of steam tankers 19 to 24 feet, of coal steamers 19 feet, of coal barges 16 feet, and of oil barges 7 to 15 feet. Comparative statement Calendar year Tons Value Calendar year Tons Value 1927-------------------- 455, 569 $7, 290, 018 1930---- ---------------- 657,126 $10,607,224 1928 -------------------- 671,665 10, 932, 664 1931----------- -- 560, 890 6, 794, 430 1929------------------.-- 699,848 11, 897, 059 Cost and finanoial summary Cost of new work to June 30, 1932 ----------------- -__ $246, 047.76 Cost of maintenance to June 30, 1932-----------------.. 642.65 Total cost of permanent work to June 30, 1932------- 246, 690. 41 Net total expenditures2------------------------------------ 46, 690. 41 Total amount appropriated to June 30, 1932 --------------- 246, 690. 41 Fiscal year ending June 30 1928 1929 1930 1931 1932 Cost of new work--------------------$53, 480.53 Cost -of maintenance ?Toal expended---.--.5.. - . , 480. 53 .... - .. ............ Allotted--......-----.........------------------- 1, 600.00 -$500.00------------------------- i Exclusive of $100,000 expended from contributed funds. 13. SALEM HARBOR, MASS. The existing project was completed in 1931 at a saving of $3,412 under the estimated cost. No work was done during the fiscal year and none is contemplated during 1933 or 1934, as the channel is believed to be in a condition to meet the reasonable requirements of present and prospective commerce. For further details see Annual Report for 1931, page 52. Commercial statistics.-Duringthe calendar year 1931, coal com- prised 88 per cent of the waterborne tonnage, petroleum products 10 per cent. The greatest draft reported for coal steamers was 26 feet, for motor vessels carrying oil 91/2 feet, and for barges 16 feet. Comparative statement Calendar year T'ons Value Calendar year Tons Value 1927--------------------461,77 461, $40,318 $2 0,318 1930 930-92,88 $3,381,1 1928------------ -- 212, 420 1,394,239 1931..---------------- - 416, 104 2, 742, 889 ........ 1929-- ----- -- 495 682 3,141, 247 RIVERS AND HARBORS-BOSTON, MASS., DISTRICT 47 Cost and financial summary Cost of new work to June 30, 1932---------- --------------- $100, 456.57 Cost of maintenance to June 30, 1932----.. ---------------------- 7, 500.00 Total cost of permanent work to June 30, 1932-----------107, 956. 57 Net total expenditures ------- ---------------- 107, 956. 57 Total amount appropriated to June 30, 1932-------------- 107, 956. 57 Fiscal year ending June 30 1928 1929 1930 1931 1932 Cost of new work .......------------------------------------------------ $36, 587. 91 .-.... -- Cost of maintenance-----....------------------------ ----------- --------------------------------- Total expended.. -------------------------------------------------- 36, 587. 91 Allotted.....................-------------------------- ------------- $500.00 -----------........... 36, 587.91 ........... 14. LYNN HARBOR, MASS. Location and description.-This harbor, formed by a natural in- dentation of the coast line, is distant about 14 miles by water in a northeasterly direction from Boston. It is about 3 miles in extent from north to south and has an average width east and west of about 1 2 miles. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Chart No. 240.) Originalcondition.-Three narrow and crooked channels, in which the depth was but 6 feet at mean low water, extended from the sea to the wharves through flats, the greater part of which were bare at low water. Previous projects.-The original project for Lynn Harbor was adopted by the river and harbor act of August 2, 1882, and modified in 1884 and 1888. The western (Saugus River) channel project was adopted by the river and harbor act of July 13, 1892, and the project for the main ship channel by the river and harbor act of June 13, 1902. (For further details of these projects see p. 1742 of Annual Report for 1915.) The river and harbor act of June 25, 1910, adopted a project for a channel 300 feet wide from the sea to the wharves and a turning basin 500 feet square, all to the depth of 15 feet at mean low water. The costs and expenditures prior to the adoption of the existing project in 1930 were $471,937, of which $412,229.14 was for new work and $59,707.86 for maintenance. (For further details see Annual Report for 1929, p. 51.) Existing project.--This provides for a channel 22 feet deep at mean low water and 300 feet wide from deep water west of Bass Point, Nahant, :to a turning basin 550 feet wide at the head of the harbor, and to straighten the curve in the approach to the turning basin. The mean range of tide is 9.2 feet, the extreme range is 13.3 feet. The estimate of cost for new work revised in 1931 is $320,000, ex- clusive of amounts expended on previous projects. The latest (1929) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $6,000. The existing project was adopted by the river and harbor act of July 3,1930, which limits the expenditure on the existing project to $615,500. (R. & H. Com. Doc. No. 7, 71st Cong., 1st Sess.) The latest published map is in the above-mentioned document. Recommnended modifcations of project.-None. 140960---ENG 1932-4 48 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1932 Local cooperation.-The river and harbor act of July 3, 1930, pro- vides that before prosecuting this work local interests shall give as- surances satisfactory to the Chief of Engineers and the Secretary of War that they will dredge and maintain a suitable channel of 22- foot depth, extending a distance of 4,800 feet westerly from the inner end of the Federal improvement. These requirements have been complied with. The dredging of the channel was completed in April, 1932. In addition the Commonwealth of Massachusetts has dredged at the head of Lynn Harbor, immediately east of the Government turn- ing basin and channel, an anchorage basin to the depth of 6 feet at mean low water at a cost of $121,609.22; and a channel in Saugus River of the following dimensions: 12 feet deep at mean low water from the 12-foot contour in Broad Sound southerly from the Point of Pines to the Boston & Maine Railroad bridge, 250 feet wide through the bar at the entrance, 200 feet wide to a point just north of Point of Pines, then 100 feet wide to the Boston & Maine Railroad bridge; 18 feet deep at mean low water and 230 feet wide from this bridge westerly about 800 feet; 6 feet deep at mean low water and 60 feet wide from said last point to Fox Hill Bridge at a cost of $184,276.70. The total amount expended by the Commonwealth of Massachusetts at this locality is put at about $306,000 of which about $39,500 is reported to have been contributed locally. Terminal facilities.-The terminal facilities lie around the basin at the head of the main ship channel, and consist of 7,500 feet of wharf frontage, mainly of stone or wooden bulkhead filled solid and partly of pile structures. On the west shore of the harbor is a large private coal and supply wharf of about 1,500 feet frontage, 800 feet of which has a depth of 26 feet at mean low water and is approached by a branch channel from the main ship channel, dredged by the owner and the city of Lynn to 22 feet at mean low water. On the north shore of the harbor are two wharves owned by the city of Lynn, one of masonry with pile platform, of 555-foot frontage, and one of masonry without pile platform, of 115-foot frontage, both in poor condition and used for storage of street materials, etc. Westerly and adjacent to the property of the Lynn Gas & Elec- tric Co. the city of Lynn owns about 137 acres of land for which a water front and industrial development plan is being worked out. A bulkhead has been constructed here with a length of about 4,450 feet and the above mentioned branch channel has been extended along a portion of the face of this bulkhead as required by the act of July 3, 1930. Material from this channel and from the Federal channel is being used as fill behind this bulkhead. No wharves exist on the Saugus River channel within the scope of its improvement by the Federal Government. Immediately above the Boston & Maine Railroad bridge, about 1.5 miles above the mouth of the river, is a wharf with about 516-foot frontage on the north bank of the river. This wharf consists of a pile and timber bulkhead filled solid, with pile platform extension. At a point about 1,500 feet farther up the river, immediately below the Salem- Lynn turnpike bridge, on the north bank, is a pile wharf with about 175-foot frontage; and about three-fourths of a mile above this bridge, on the north bank, in the town of Saugus, is a large wharf RIVERS AND HARBORS-BOSTON, MASS., DISTRICT 49 consisting of wooden bulkhead and earth dike filled solid and having a frontage of about 500 feet; but neither wharf is in use for water- borne freight. All the wharves in Lynn Harbor and Saugus River except the city wharves are privately owned and are not open to general public use. These facilities are considered adequate for existing commerce. (For further details see H. Doc. No. 652, 66th Cong., 2d sess.) Operations and results durig fiscal year.-Under contract dated July 17, 1931, for dredging a channel 22 feet deep at mean low water, work was commenced March 9, 1932, and was in progress at the close of the fiscal year. During the period 978,192 cubic yards, scow measurement, of material were removed and deposited behind a bulkhead on city owned land. The work covered the turning basin and the upper half of the channel. The costs were $158,025.95, all applied to new work. Expenditures amounted to $112,190.64. Condition at end of flscal year.--The existing project is about 50 per cent completed. The turning basin and the upper portion of the channel have a depth of 22 feet at mean low water. Controlling depth in 1930 was 15 feet at mean low water. The costs have been $158,906.22 and expenditures have been $113,070.91 under the existing project, all for new work. Proposed operations.-The balance unexpended at the end of the year, together with an allotment of $145,000, made during July, 1932, will be applied as follows: Accounts payable June 30, 1932- ----- ------------------- $48, 295. 76 New work: Dredging under an existing contract (July-December, 1932) in completion of the project authorized by the 1930 river and harbor act, about 950,000 cubic yards- _____- ___--__---158, 633. 33 Total------------------------------- -------------- 206, 929. 09 As it is expected that the project for the 22-foot channel will be completed during the fiscal year 1933, it is believed that no mainte- nance dredging will be required during the fiscal year ending June 30, 1934. Commercial statistics.-Coal,in barges and steamers of a greatest loaded draft of 22 feet, comprised 86 per cent of the water-borne tonnage for the calendar year 1931; sand, in lighters of 18-foot draft, 8 per cent. Comparative statement Calendar year Tons Value Calendar year Tons Value 1927----------..............--......... 324, 786 $1, 897,441 1930----....------ -------- 352, 422 $2, 275,625 1928-......-_----------- 294, 553 1, 781, 525 1931-.-.-....... -...... 346, 783 1, 910, 819 1929--------------------.... 355, 902 2, 073, 307 Cost and tnancial summary Cost of new work to June 30, 1932_ -- __.----------------- $571, 135. 36 Cost of maintenance to June 30, 1932_- -___-__-------_-- 59, 707. 86 Total cost of permanent work to June 30, 1932 ----------- 630, 843. 22 Value of plant, materials, etc., on hand June 30, 1932_---------- 2, 460. 45 Net total cost to June 30, 1932 --- -------- 633, 303.67 50 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1932 Minus accounts payable June 30, 1932--------- -------------- $48, 295. 76 Net total expenditures -------------------------- --- 585, 007. 91 Unexpended balance June 30, 1932 _------------------- ---- - 61, 929.09 Total amount appropriated to June 30, 1932------------ -646, 937.00 Fiscal year ending June 30 1928 1929 1930 1931 1932 Cost of new work___--- ---------------- $880. 27 $158, 025. 95 Cost of maintenance---------------------............... $300. 00 -----....--. ................... Total expended-------------------------300.00 ----------------------- 880.27 112,190. 64 ...... -..------..----....--....---...--..-------....... Allotted----------..................................--------------------- 240, 000.00 -65, 000. 00 Balance unexpended July 1, 1931--------------------- ------ $239, 119. 73 Amount allotted from War Department appropriation act approved Feb. 28, 1929--------------------- $10,000.00 Amount allotted from War Department appropriation act approved Feb. 23, 1931----.-------------- 157,000.00 Amount allotted from first deficiency act approved Mar. 26, 1930-------------------------------- 15, 000. 00 182, 000. 00 Amount to be accounted for-------------------------- 421, 119. 73 Deductions on account of revocation of allotment --------------- 247, 000. 00 Net amount to be accounted for---------------------- 174, 119. 73 Gross amount expended---------_-------- -- ------- 112, 190. 64 Balance unexpended June 30, 1932----------- ---- - 61, 929. 09 Outstanding liabilities June 30, 1932----------------. 48, 295. 76 Amount covered by uncompleted contracts-------- 633. 33 1---3, 61, 929. 04 Amount allotted from War Department appropriation act approved July 14, 1932---------------------------- ---- ---------- 145, 000.00 Balance available for fiscal year 1933---- 145, 000.00 15. MYSTIC RIVER, MASS. Location and description.-This river rises in Mystic Lakes, Mass., flows in a southeasterly direction, and empties into Boston Harbor near the Charlestown Navy Yard. It is 7 miles in length and is a tidal stream for about 5 miles above its mouth to Cradock Bridge, Medford, the head of commercial navigation, where it is closed by a darn forming a pond in the metropolitan park system. No records. of discharge, etc., are available. The river between the two sec- tions under improvement has a natural channel sufficient for commerce. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Chart No. 248. and U. S. Geological Survey Chart " Boston.") Original condition.-The river up to Island End River (a dis- tance of 2,700 feet) had a narrow channel 14.4 feet deep at mean low water, but so narrow above the Chelsea (north) drawbridge as. to be barely practicable. Above Island End River there was a prac- ticable channel 6 feet deep at mean low water to Dennings Landing,. about 4 miles above the mouth in Boston Harbor, and 4 feet deep at mean low water about 2,000 feet farther. Previous projects.-The original project for the lowet Mystic was. adopted by the river and harbor act of March 3, 1899, and curtailed RIVERS AND HARBORS-BOSTON, MASS., DISTRICT 51 by the river and harbor act of June 25, 1910. The cost and expendi- tures on the original project prior to the adoption of the existing project (expenditures on which began in 1910) were $125,723.20 for new work and $10,281.92 for maintenance, a total of $136,005.12. For further details see page 1743 of Annual Report for 1915. There has been no previous project for the upper Mystic. Existing project.-This provides for (a) a channel 30 feet deep at mean low water from the mouth of Island End River through the Chelsea (north) Bridge to the 35-foot channel of Boston Harbor, about one-half mile, 600 feet wide at the upper end, and gradually narrowing to 300 feet wide at the lower end, and widening of the entrance channel leading to Mystic Wharf. (b) A channel 6 feet deep at mean low water and 100 feet wide from the Boston & Maine Railroad (western division) bridge to about 2,500 feet above Wellington Bridge, about 1 mile, and thence 4 feet deep at mean low water, gradually narrowing from 100 feet to 50 feet at the upper end for about 2 miles to the head of commer- cial navigation at Cradock Bridge in Medford. The mean range of tide is 9.6 feet. The extreme range is 13.7 feet. The estimates of cost, exclusive of amounts expended on previous projects, were (a) for new work in the lower Mystic, $172,000, made in 1908; the latest (1928) approved estimate for annual cost of main- tenance is $1,500; (b) for new work in the upper Mystic, $25,000, made in 1891; the latest (1928) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $2,500. The existing project was authorized by the following river and harbor acts: (a) The act of June 25, 1910, provided for the im- provement of the lower Mystic (H. Doc. No. 1086, 60th Cong., 2d sess.) ; (b)the act of July 13, 1892, provided for the improvement of the upper Mystic (Annual Report for 1891, p. 672). A map show- ing the entire river is published in House Document No. 2108, Sixty- fourth Congress, second session. Recommended modifications of project.--None. Local cooperation.-No conditions have been imposed by law. The Commonwealth of Massachusetts has dredged to the depth of 30 feet at mean low water the area known as the Middle Ground, lying be- tween the Federal 30-foot channel and Mystic Wharf; a channel 600 feet wide and 30 feet deep at mean low water from Island End River, the head of the Federal 30-foot channel, to a point 2,800 feet up the river; and from this point a channel 200 feet wide and 18 feet deep at mean low water for a further distance of 2,000 feet. The above work was done at a cost of approximately $410,000. Main- tenance cost on the above work has been $16,661.60. Temninal facilities.-In the section of the river benefited by the 30-foot channel project and the extension of that depth created by the Commonwealth of Massachusetts there are on the south bank of the river four wharves aggregating over 4,000 feet of berthing space used for the receipt, storage, and shipment of coal, lumber, and gypsum. These wharves consist of substantial stone or wooden bulk- heads, filled solid and in some cases fronted by pile platforms. There is also on the south bank a lumber terminal, the largest of its kind on the Atlantic coast. It is equipped with the most modern mechan- ical appliances, has railroad connection, and occupies 4,400 feet of 52 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1932 water front. On the north bank of the river within the scope of this improvement there is a large wharf for receipt and shipment of oil on an extensive scale; immediately adjacent to this wharf is an extensive terminal constructed in connection with an iron works; on the west bank of Island End River, which flows into Mystic River on the north at the head of the 30-foot channel, are situated two large terminal wharves, of 800 feet dockage, for receipt and ship- ment of coal, coke, tar, and oil. These wharves are connected with the 30-foot channel by a channel 24 feet deep at mean low water dredged by private interests. None of the above wharves is publicly owned, and none is open to general public use. Beyond the scope of the 30-foot channel improvement, and ap- proaching and within the scope of the improvement of the upper Mystic, there are on the south bank in Charlestown and Somerville about 1,850 feet, and on the north bank in Medford about 1,235 feet of available dockage, of which 450 feet on the south bank and 435 feet on the north bank are customarily in use. A large automobile assembly plant is located on the south bank in Somerville. The existing wharves consist of stone and wooden bulkheads, solid filled. None is publicly owned, but two are open to the public on payment of wharfage charges. The capacities of the lower Mystic are being utilized to a gratifying extent. These facilities are considered adequate for existing commerce. (For further details see H. Doc. No. 652, 66th Cong., 2dsess.) Operations and results during fiscal year.-None. There were no expenditures. Condition at end of fiscal year.-The existing project was com- pleted in 1914 at a saving of $41,573 under the estimated cost. To adapt the project to the openings in the draw span of the new bridge built by the city of Boston, the channel above the bridge was widened along the western edge; this work was completed in 1914. In 1916 the channel was cleared of shoals, restoring a controlling depth of 30 feet at mean low water. A channel of the projected dimensions was completed in the upper Mystic in 1906. A survey in 1916 showed that the portion of the channel normally 6 feet deep had an available depth of about 4.5 feet at mean low water, and that while the portion of the channel normally 4 feet deep had that depth throughout its length, the width had been contracted by caving of the banks. A survey made in May, 1930, indicated that the control- ling depth in the lower Mystic is 30 feet at mean low water. The total cost and expenditures under the existing project have been $170,679.72, of which amount $141,634.84 was for the lower Mystic, $126,632.03 being for new work, and $15,002.81 for mainte- nance, and $29,044.88 was for the upper Mystic, $28,794.88 being for new work and $250 for maintenance. Proposedoperations.--No funds are available and no work is pro- posed during the fiscal year ending June 30, 1933. No funds can be profitably expended during the fiscal year ending June 30, 1934, as the channel is believed to be in a condition to meet the reasonable requirements of present and prospective commerce. Commercial s~itistics.-Coal comprised about 42 per cent of the tonnage for the calendar year 1931, crude and refined oils, 30 per cent; raw and refined sugar, 4 per cent; iron ore, 4 per cent; and RIVERS AND HARBORS-BOSTON, MASS., DISTRICT 53 lumber, 5 per cent. The usual drafts of coal steamers are 20 to 26 feet, oft coal barges, 16 to 18 feet; of oil tankers, 26 to 30 feet; and of sugar steamers, 18 to 20 feet. 1 Comparative statement Calendar year Tons Value Calendar year Tons Value 1927------------------- 3,645, 969 $35, 990, 777 1930.....----..........---------- ---- 4,505, 444 $38,118,362 1928-------------------4, 434, 178 52, 899, 708 1931 ...----. -------------. 3, 865, 590 35, 782, 306 1929.....------------------- 5, 406, 219 58, 440, 077 1 Exclusive of through traffic to Island End River and Malden River, shown in Vol. II of this report. Cost and financial summary . Cost of new work to June 30, 1932 -------- ------------- $281, 150. 11 Cost of maintenance to June 30, 1932------------------------ 25, 534. 73 Total cost of permanent work to June 30, 1932----------306, 684. 84 Net total expenditures------- ---------------------------- 306, 684. 84 Total amount appropriated to June 30, 1932------------------- 306, 684. 84 16. BOSTON HARBOR, MASS. Location and description.-This harbor includes all the expanse of tidewater lying within a line from Point Allerton to Point Shirley, and extending from that line westward to the mainland. This com- prises an area of about 47 square miles, exclusive of the islands. The distance from the Point Allerton-Point Shirley line to the Charles- town Navy Yard (via the 35-foot channel) is about 7 miles. Tribu- tary to the harbor and included in its improvements are: (1) Chelsea Creek, which begins in the town of Revere and flows in a southerly direction and westerly for about 4.5 miles, emptying into Boston Harbor at the Meridian Street Bridge. From its mouth to the head of navigation at Slade's Spice Mill Dam it is a little less than 3 miles in length and is tidal. Above the dam the creek is a surface drainage brook, extending about 1.5 miles inland through a closely settled area. Records of discharge, etc., are not available. (2) Fort Point Channel, which is a tidal inlet connecting the tidal basin of South Bay with Boston upper harbor. The channel is about 1.25 miles long, and its general direction of flow is northeasterly and southwesterly. (See J. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Chart No. 246.) Originalcondition.--The headlands and islands were without pro- tection against the sea, which was extensively eroding them. Rocks obstructed the entrance to the lower main ship channel, which was 23 feet deep at mean low water, with a least width of 150 feet. The upper main ship channel from President Roads to Boston had a least depth of 18 feet at mean low water, with a least width of 100 feet. The channel from President Roads through Broad Sound had a least depth of 29 feet at mean low water, with a least width of 200 feet. Chelsea Creek had a depth of about 8 feet at mean low water from its mouth to about three-fifths of a mile from the head of navigation, at Slade's Spice Mill Dam, in Revere, and of about 3 feet beyond. 54 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1932 Fort Point Channel originally had a depth varying from a few feet at the head of the channel at Massachusetts Avenue, Boston, to 23 feet at mean low water at the mouth. Previous project.--The project for the 23-foot main ship channel was adopted by the river and harbor act of March 2, 1867. To this project were added from time to time, by provisos in the following river and harbor acts, projects for improvement of minor channels within or tributary to the harbor: Nantasket Beach Channel, acts of June 14, 1880, and September 19, 1890; Jeffries Point Channel, act of September 19, 1890; and Charles River, act of June 14, 1880. The total cost and expenditures were $1,355,698.93 for new work of which $139,064.51 was applied to the Nantasket Beach and Jeffries Point Channels and Charles River, and the balance, $1,216,634.42, to the 23-foot channel. For further details see page 1743 of Annual Report for 1915. Emisting projeot.--This provides for a channel 40 feet deep in general, but 45 feet deep through rock, from the sea to President Roads through Broad Sound, 2 miles, 900 feet wide except at the outer end where it is widened to 1,100 feet; a channel 35 feet deep from the sea (along the same line as the 40-foot channel) through Broad Sound to the navy yard at Charlestown and the Chelsea North, Meridian Street, and Charles River Bridges, 1,500 feet wide from the sea to President Roads, 1.5 miles, and thence 1,200 feet wide for the remaining distance of 6 miles; a channel 2 miles long, 30 feet deep, and 1,200 feet wide from the sea to President Roads through Broad Sound by a less direct route than the 35 and 40 foot channels; a channel 27 feet deep and 1,000 feet wide from Nantasket Roads to President Roads, 3 miles; a channel 15 feet deep, 300 feet wide, and 550 feet long through the bar which extends from the north head of Long Island to Nixes Mate Shoal, known as Nixes Mate or Nubble Channel; a channel ini Chelsea Creek 25 feet deep and 150 feet wide, from the Meridian Street Bridge, at the head of the 35-foot channel in Boston Harbor, to the old East Boston (Chelsea Street) Bridge, a distance of about seven-eighths of a mile, and a channel about 1 mile in length next below the head of navigation, 8.4 feet deep and 150 feet wide, the lower end of this channel being about 2 miles above the mouth of the river; the Fort Point Channel, 23 feet deep and 175 feet wide from its entrance in Boston Harbor, about four- fifths 'of a mile to near the Dorchester Avenue (old Federal Street) Bridge; and sea walls of coursed stone and riprap protecting the most exposed headlands and islands. All depths are referred to mean low water. The mean range of tide is 9 feet at Boston Light and 9.6 feet in the upper harbor, in Chelsea Creek, and in Fort Point Channel. The extreme range is about 4 feet greater. The estimate of cost for new work, revised in 1928, exclusive of amount expended on previous projects and of sea walls for which no estimate was given, is $10,925,000. The latest (1928) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $81,000. The existing project was authorized by the following river and harbor acts: The act of March 2, 1825, provided for the preservation of the islands by sea walls; the act of August 5, 1886, provided for Fort Point Channel (H. Ex. Doc. No. 206, 48th Cong., 2d sess.); the RIVERS AND HARBORS-BOSTON, MASS., DISTRICT 55 act of July 13, 1892, provided for the 27-foot channel (see p. 766 of Annual Report for 1893); the act of June 3, 1896, provided for the channel in upper Chelsea Creek (H. Ex. Doc. No. 162, 53d Cong., 3d sess.); the act of June 13, 1902, provided for the 35-foot channel (H. Doc. No. 119, 56th Cong., 2d sess.), the estimate differing from any in that document, owing to the did.erent widths of the channels adopted; and the omission from the project of the removal of Finns Ledge, at the outer entrance, was authorized by the Chief of Engi- neers March: 11, 1913; the act of July 25, 1912, provided for the channel in lower Chelsea Creek (H. Doc. No. 272, 62d Cong., 2d sess.),; the act of August 8, 1917, provided for the 40-foot channel (H. Doc. No. 931, 63d Cong., 2d sess.). References to latest published maps: President Roads to Bridges, H. Doc. No. 244, 72d Cong., 1st sess.; sea walls and Nixes Mate Channel, page 1178 of Annual Report for 1911; 27, 30, 35, and 40 foot channels, House Document No. 931, Sixty-third Congress, sec- ond session; upper Chelsea Creek, House Executive Document No. 162, Fifty-third Congress, second session; lower Chelsea Creek, House Document No. 272, Sixty-second Congress, second session; Fort Point Channel, location shown on map facing page 770 of the Annual Report for 1903. Recommended modifications of project.--Under date of February 6, 1932, the Chief of Engineers recommended modification of the existing project to provide for deepening the main ship channel from President Roads to Commonwealth Pier No. 1 to 40 feet for a width of 600 feet with suitable widening at the bend in the channel, and for dredging to afford an anchorage area 40 feet deep, 2,000 feet wide, and 5,500 feet long on the north side of President Roads, at a total estimated cost of $4,800,000, with maintenance at the rate of $30,000 annually, subject to certain conditions of local cooperation (H. Doc. No. 244, 72d Cong., 1st sess.). Local cooperation.-No conditions have been imposed by law in connection with the main ship channels. The Commonwealth of Massachusetts has voluntarily dredged an anchorage basin 30 feet deep at mean low water, about 1 mile long and 1,000 feet wide, off Bird Island Flats northwesterly from Governors Island and imme- diately adjoining the 35-foot channel, at a cost of about $513,000; has embarked upon a project which includes filling the flats extend- ing southeasterly from East Boston, as well as dredging channels and basins, upon which approximately $2,900,000 has now been ex- pended; has filled an extensive area of the flats at South Boston with material secured by dredging; has dredged an approach channel 950 feet long and 200 feet wide from the 35-foot channel to Piers 1 and 2 of the New York, New Haven & Hartford Railroad; has expended a large sum in dredging minor channels and approaches to wharves; and has lowered, under its appropriation of $75,000 in 1913 (see H. Doc. No. 272, 62d Cong., 2d sess.), the 24-inch water main of the metropolitan water system, which crosses Chelsea Creek about 800 feet above the Meridian Street Bridge. In Chelsea Creek the city of Boston in 1913 dredged through the south draw passage of Meridian Street Bridge an area 100 feet wide and 260 feet long; and adjacent to this area, above the bridge, an irregular area 100 feet wide at the downstream end and narrowing to 50 feet wide upstream, 56 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1932 470 feet long, at depths of 30 and 25 feet at mean low water, respec- tively. The Mexican Petroleum Corporation and the Common- wealth of Massachusetts have dredged jointly an irregular area in Chelsea Creek immediately above the Boston & Albany Railroad bridge, 2,000 feet long, 500 feet greatest width, 25 feet deep at mean low water, with a channel of the same depth and 60 feet wide con- necting this area with the Government channel immediately below Chelsea Street Bridge, at a total cost of $111,491.53. Under the State accounting system it is impracticable to definitely state detailed costs of all the various items of cooperation by the Commonwealth, but it may be said that the total, exclusive of wharf construction, etc., has been about $12,115,000. Terminal faoilities.-The wharf development of Boston Harbor lies westerly of Governors and Castle Islands. Bordering on the 35-foot channel and below all bridges there is about 4 miles of water front, fully developed with wharves of various types devoted to com- mercial purposes; and on the Charlestown shore is located the United States navy yard, with a frontage of about five-eighths of a mile. Easterly of the wharf development on the East Boston front the Commonwealth of Massachusetts has under development an extensive area of shore frontage which will ultimately include a system of large modern piers, extensive manufacturing and storage areas, and com- plete railroad connections. Only a portion of the bulkheading and filling has been done on this development to date. On the back portion of this development the Boston Airport has been established. At the easterly end of the East Boston water front are a few small wharves of temporary character for miscellaneous commercial pur- poses, then, extending westerly, are a 10,000-ton floating dry dock of modern type, three small dry docks, and a ferry wharf used by a railroad. Northerly of the last described wharves, on a frontage of about 1,600 feet, are three large piers and two small piers belonging to the Boston & Albany Railroad. These are piers partly of pile and partly of solid fill, of modern construction, capable of accommo- dating the largest type of trans-Atlantic liner utilizing the port, and with berths of a maximum length of about 780 feet. Again, northerly, the Commonwealth of Massachusetts owns a site developed to about one-half its capacity by the construction of an overseas pier. This pier and the Boston & Albany wharves have direct railroad connection. Farther north along the frontage there are two large wharves with railroad connection, one with depth sufficient to dock large vessels. For the remainder of the distance to the Meridian Street Bridge, about 1.12 miles, the wharf frontage lacks railroad connection, and the wharves are of more or less temporary character, and generally with depths of water sufficient only to accommodate the smaller class of coastwise vessels. In this area there is a large floating dry dock, and two wharves with 18 to 31 feet depth used for laying up vessels. All these wharves except the Commonwealth Pier are privately owned; the Commonwealth Pier and the Boston & Albany wharves are open to the general public on equal terms. Bordering Chelsea Creek, a subsidiary channel of the upper har- bor, within the scope of Federal improvements and in the section RIVERS AND HARBORS-BOSTON, MAlS., DISTRICT 57 improved to a depth of 25 feet at mean low water, there are on the south side about 3,300 feet of wharves with depths of 10 to 30 feet, not generally used for commercial purposes, but on this side for a distance of about 1,200 feet at the upper end of this 25-foot channel is located a large storage and distributing plant for petroleum and its products, the wharf consisting of stone bulkheads filled solid with pile pier in advance. Along the north side of the channel there are about 5,000 feet of wharf frontage consisting principally of stone and wooden bulk- heads filled solid, and some small pile piers. Most of these wharves accommodate only light-draft coastwise traffic. On this front is also located a shipbuilding and repair yard with marine railways. On the upper section of Chelsea Creek within the scope of the improve- ment to 8.4 feet depth at mean low water there are on the south bank three wharves, one consisting of stone bulkheads filled solid and two of pile structures, used for the receipt of coal and building material and for city sanitary purposes. On the north bank directly above the Boston & Albany Railroad bridge, in the area dredged by the State and private interests, there is a frontage of about 1,500 feet of wooden bulkhead filled solid with pile piers in advance, for receipt and distribution of fuel oil, which is served by tankers of the largest class. All the wharves on Chelsea Creek, except a wharf of the Lighthouse Department, are privately owned and are not open to general public use. At the head of the 35-foot channel on the Chelsea water front, in a length of about 2,000 feet, there are several small wharves of in- significant value, one large coal wharf, and a shipbuilding and repair yard with a large marine railway. At the eastern end of the Charlestown water front, extending west- erly into Charlestown for about five-eighths of a mile, is the south channel of the Mystic River, bordered on the north by a stone bulk- head, filled solid and faced with pile platform, of the Mystic Wharf of the Boston & Maine Railroad, having complete railroad connection and berths of generally about 18 feet depth, accommodating coast- wise vessels, and one berth at its outer end of about 33 feet depth, accommodating large transfer barges. On the south side for about three-eighths of a mile below its upper end this channel is bordered by small wharves of less depth, accommodating small coasting ves- sels. These wharves are generally of stone bulkhead, privately owned, and not open to general public use. Also on the Charlestown front and easterly of the United States navy yard are two large piers with a frontage of about 1,400 feet on the channel and depths generally from 28 to 35 feet, fitted to handle trans-Atlantic commerce. Westerly of the navy yard, for a frontage of about 1,400 feet, there are three large piers accommodating trans- Atlantic commerce, with depths of 30 to 35 feet, the longest berths being about 700 feet. These wharves consist of stone bulkheads filled solid and with pile platform extensions. Along the wharf front of Boston proper, about 1.25 miles in extent, the wharves are practically all devoted to miscellaneous com- merce of the coastwise traffic. The depth of water at the wharves is limited to a maximum of about 25 feet at mean low water, and gen- 58 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1932 erally the berths are of too limited length to accommodate trans- Atlantic vessels. These wharves are connected to the two principal railroad systems on the north and south sides of the city by a belt- line railroad passing through the streets. They consist generally of stone or wooden bulkheads filled solid and faced with pile platforms and are all privately owned and not open to the general public on equal terms, with the exception of a frontage of about 500 feet, which is owned by the city of Boston and used for park and recreation pirposes, and a shorter frontage used by the United States appraisers' stores. Bordering Fort Point Channel, a subsidiary channel of the upper harbor, within the scope of Federal improvement, there is on its east- ern side about 4,000 feet of wharf frontage devoted to commercial purposes. These wharves consist principally of stone bulkheads, with berths generally of depths sufficient to accommodate only coast- wise vessels, only one berth taking ocean vessels. On the westerly side of the channel there is commercial development only for a dis- tance of about 1,000 feet of wharf frontage; consisting of stone bulk- heads, including one wharf of about 157 feet frontage owned by the oity of Boston and used for loading garbage scows. The remainder of this shore is bordered by an important highway of the city. Above the scope of the Federal improvement, along the west and south shores of South Bay,:and bordering a channel 12 feet deep, dredged by the Commonwealth of Massachusetts, there is a frontage of about 5,700 feet devoted to small wharves, consisting of stone and wooden bulkheads, for shoal-draft coastwise trade, principally of coal, lum- ber, and other building materials. Of this wharf frontage the city of Boston owns about 1,542 feet, used for sanitary, highway, and sewer department work. The easterly shore of this bay is occupied entirely by railroad yards and is without wharf development for commercial purposes. All the wharves on Fort Point Channel and South Bay except the city wharves are privately owned. Three are open to the general public on payment of wharfage charges, and one is a public warehouse. On the South Boston front a large territory of flats is at present under development. In a length of about one-half mile easterly from the mouth of Fort Point Channel there are three large piers consisting of stone bulkheads filled solid, all capable of accommodat- ing trans-Atlantic traffic and all having direct railroad connection. These piers are privately owned and are open to the general public on equal terms. Next east is a large pier of modern construction with two berths, each 1,200 feet long, and a depth of 40 feet at mean low water, owned by the Commonwealth of Massachusetts, fitted with appliances for expeditious handling of cargo and open to general public use. Next east lies a large pier devoted to the fishing interests of the port, owned by the Commonwealth of Massachusetts and leased to fishing corporations; and still farther east are three small piers of a temporary character. At the easterly end of the develop- ment, between the main ship channel and the Reserved Channel, there has been constructed by the Commonwealth of Massachusetts and sold to the Navy Department a dry dock having a length over all of 1,166 feet on the bottom, with width of entrance on top 133 feet and on bottom 109.66 feet, and depth over keel blocks at mean high water of 42.33 feet. RIVERS AND HARBORS-BOSTON, MASS., DISTRICT 59 On the south side of the Reserved Channel, on a frontage of about seven-eighths mile, extend wharves consisting of stone and wooden bulkheads, filled solid, and pile structures, all privately owned and not open to general public use. They receive coal, lumber, etc., of the coastwise traffic. On the north side of this channel, on a front- age of about 1 mile and with a depth of from 30 to 35 feet, are the extensive stores and wharf of the Army base, with rail connection and modern equipment, serving both coastwise and foreign traffic. The terminal facilities of Boston Harbor are considered adequate for existing commerce, and ample space exists for extension to meet future demands. (For further details see H. Doc. No. 652, 66th Cong., 2d sess., and Port Series No. 2, Corps of Engineers.) Operations- and results during fiscal year.--Repairs to Gallops Island sea wall under contract dated June 20, 1932, were commenced June 28. The work consisted in pointing about 2,050 linear feet of joints. Additional operations included field examinations of the various channels in order to observe actual conditions, supervision of the extensive harbor, examination into and issuance of numerous wharf permits, investigation of complaints, and the general admin- istration in the interests of navigation of this large harbor and its channels of approach, as well as maintenance of a small floating plant. The cost was $2,841.78, all for maintenance. The expendi- tures were $9,212.51. Condition at end of fscal yea.-The existing project was com- pleted August 28, 1930. Under the existing project sea walls of a total length of about 3.75 miles have been built and are being main- tained on Great Brewster, Lovells, Gallops, Long, Rainsford, Deer, and Georges Islands, and on Point Allerton. Some of the walls are in need of repairs. The costs of the sea walls amount to $1,307,- 820.14, of which $1,263,022.85 was for new work and $44,797.29 for maintenance. The Nixes Mate or Nubble Channel was completed in 1892, the 30-foot channel in 1905, the 27-foot channel in 1907, the upper channel in Chelsea Creek in 1907, Fort Point Channel in 1909, the 35-foot channel in 1915, the lower channel in Chelsea Creek in 1916, and the Broad Sound 40-foot channel in 1930. The total costs of these channels have been $9,118,264.59 for new work and $757,- 103.58 for maintenance, or $9,875,368.17 in all. For details see Annual Report for 1917, page 81. Cost of the 40-foot channel has been $568,367.62 for new work. The condition of the 35-foot channel, as ascertained in 1930 and 1931, was as follows: From: the sea through Broad Sound to Presi- dent Roads there was an available navigable depth of 35 feet at mean low water, but Finns Ledge, the removal of which has been omitted from the project, narrows the entrance to about 950 feet, the width of the natural channel. From President Roads to the South Boston wharves there was an available navigable depth of 35 feet at mean low water. From the South Boston wharves to Chelsea Bridge in Mystic River and Meridian Street Bridge in Chelsea Creek, a survey in 1930 showed that the controlling depth was about 32 feet at mean low water, due apparently to soft mud shoaling. The controlling depth of Fort Point Channel, as ascertained in 1930, was 21.5 feet at mean low water; of upper Chelsea Creek in 1930, 8 feet; lower Chelsea Creek in 1930, 23.5 feet; and of Nixes Mate Channel in 1930, 15 feet. 60 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1932 The total costs under the existing project have been $12,108,984.04, of which $10,949,655.06 was for new work and $1,159,328.98 for main- tenance. The total expenditures have been $12,134,256.62. Proposed operations.-The balance unexpended at the end of the year, together with an allotment of $34,000, made during July, 1932, will be applied as follows: Accounts payable June 30, 1932-------------------------------- $815.90 Maintenance: Shore protection at Lovells Island by contract (July- October, 1932) ------- --------------------- $21, 500. 00 Repairing seawalls by contract (July-November, 1932) -------------------------------------- 33, 000. 00 Examinations to determine condition of the various channels .....---- .-------------.----------------. 16,091.13 70, 591. 13 Total------------------------------------------- 71,407.03 The sum of $400,000 can be profitably expended during the fiscal year 1934, as follows: Maintenance: Restoration of 35-foot channel in upper harbor to project depth by contract, throughout the fiscal year, about 875,000 cubic yards--------------- ----------- --------------------- $386, 000 Examinations to determine condition of the various channels_ 14, 000 Total------------------------ ------------------ ----- 400, 000 The amount required exceeds the average amount expended annu- ally for maintenance during the last five years. As there has been no maintenance dredging in the 35-foot channel since 1915, the in- creased amount is necessary to restore project dimensions to meet the needs of commerce. Commercial statitics.-The following tonnages comprised 90 per cent of the total water-borne commerce of the port of Boston dur- ing the calendar year 1931: Coal, 6,982,314; coke, 165,388; crude and refined mineral oil, 5,303,729; lumber and timber, 387,221; wood pulp, 199,397; wool, 125,878; cotton, 119,206; miscellaneous textiles, 174,653; grain and flour, 125,295; fruits, nuts, and vegetables, 182,- 586; sugar, 270,981; iron ore and pig iron, 229,586; fertilizer and fertilizer materials, 168,871; sand and gravel, 458,789; and fresh and preserved fish, 116,203 short tons; these figures including both in- ward and outward movement and freight transferred within the port. The usual loaded drafts of coal steamers in the harbor are 20 to 28 feet, of oil tankers 26 to 30 feet, of sugar steamers 18 to 21 feet, and of steam lighters transporting sand and gravel about 10 feet. A detailed tabulation of drafts of all types of vessels is shown in Volume II of this report. Comparative 8tatement Calendar Tons Value Passengers Calendar Tons Value Passengers year year 1927.-.- 16,6599,103 $1, 056,891,407 5, 493,861 1930-...... 15,689, 362 $781, 012, 315 4, 227, 546 1928...... 17, 266,162 974, 208, 574 5, 217,471 1931...... 16, 559, 777 604, 215, 215 4,297, 95& 1929...... 19, 065, 050 999, 683, 062 5, 078, 507 RIVERS AND RARBORS-BOSTON, MASS., DISTRICT 61 Cost and finanoial swmmary Cost of new work to June 30, 1932_------------- __----------- $12, 305, 353. 99 Cost of maintenance to June 30, 1932_- --------------- 1,159, 328.98 Total cost of permanent work to June 30, 1932-------- 13, 464, 682.97 Value of plant, materials, etc., on hand June 30, 1932 .--- -- - 26, 088.48 Net total cost to June 30, 1932---------------------- 13, 490, 771.45 Minus accounts payable June 30, 1932---------------------- 815. 90 Net total expenditures---------------------------- 13, 489, 955. 55 Unexpended balance June 30, 1932------------------------- 37, 407.03 Total amount appropriated to June 30, 1932------------ 13, 527, 362. 58 Fiscal year ending June 30 1928 1929 1930 1931 1932 Cost of new work ..------------------------ $190,427.28 $200,980.07 $30,410.80 $22,156.30 .......... Cost of maintenance-....------------------ 30, 312. 99 28, 603. 41 16, 994.90 8, 338. 29 $2,841.78 Total cost.................--------------........-------- 220, 740.27 229,583.48 47,405.70 30, 494. 59 2, 841.78 Total expended-..------ --------------- 185, 606.50 255, 513. 66 49, 776. 90 37, 684. 90 9, 212. 51 Allotted----------_ ------------------- 50, 760. 00 50, 000.00 55, 000.00 00 32, 500.00. ........... Balance unexpended July 1, 1931 __-------- __---------- $46, 619. 54 Gross amount expended ------------------------- $9,241.58 Less: Reimbursements collected ------_------- $21. 07 Receipts from sales--------------------- 8. 00 29. 07 9, 212. 51 Balance unexpended June 30, 1932.--------------------- 37, 407. 03 Outstanding liabilities June 30, 1932 .....------------ 823. 78 Amount covered by uncompleted contracts ..-.------. 8, 128. 93 8, 952. 71 Balance available June 30, 1932------_--_------------- 28, 454. 32 Amount allotted from War Department appropriation act approved July 14, 1932----------------- ------------------------ 34, 000. 00 Balance available for fiscal year 1933--------- _ ----- ---- 62, 454. 32 Amount that can be profitably expended in fiscal year ending June 30, 1934, for maintenance 2-- -- -- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 400, 000.00 17. DORCHESTER BAY AND NEPONSET RIVER, MASS. Location and description.-Dorchester Bay is situated at the mouth of Neponset River, in Boston Harbor. Neponset River rises in Fox- boro, Mass., and flows in a northeasterly direction about 25 miles, emptying into Dorchester Bay. At Milton Lower Mills, 4 miles above its mouth, it is closed by a dam. This 4-mile reach is tidal. No records of discharge, etc., are available. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Chart No. 246.) Original condition.-The controlling depth at mean low water in the bay up to Commercial Point, at the mouth of the river, was 13 feet; thence up the river to the highway bridge at Neponset, 11/2 x Exclusive of available funds. 62 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S.:ARMY, 1932 miles above its mouth, it was 8 feet; and from Neponset bridge to Milton Mills, at the head of navigation, 4 miles above its mouth, it was 31/2 feet. Previou projects.-None. Emisting project.-This provides for a channel 80 feet deep and 300 feet wide in Dorchester Bay from the Boston Harbor main ship channel to connect with the approach channel to the Cow Pasture, thence 18 feet deep and 175 feet wide to the mouth of the river at Commercial Point, and thence 15 feet deep, 100 feet wide to the Neponset Highway Bridge. The mean range of tide is 9.6 feet. The extreme range is 13.7 feet. :The estimate of cost for new work, revised in 1930, is $256,500. The latest (1930) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $3,500. The existing project was authorized by the following river and harbor acts: The act of March 2, 1907 (H. Doc. No. 83, 59th Cong., -the 2d sess.), provided for depths of 15 and 18 feet, and the act of July 3, 1930, provided for 30-foot channel (H. Doc. No. 147, 70th Cong., 1st sess.). The latest published map is in the last project document. Recommended modifiaations of project.-None. Local cooperation.-Conditionswere imposed by the act of March 2, 1907, that the portion of the river from Neponset Highway Bridge to Milton Mills should be dredged and maintained by the State of Massachusetts or other agency to the depth of 6 feet at mean low water, 100 feet wide up to the Granite Street Bridge, 1.15 miles; 75 feet wide thence to Godfreys Wharf, 1.25 miles; and thence 50 feet wide to the railroad bridge at Milton, a distance of 450 feet. These conditions were accepted by resolves of the Legislature of Massa- chusetts, approved June 24, 1907, and March 5, 1908, and accepted by the Secretary of War February 10, 1908, and the work was com- pleted in August, 1910, at a cost of $34,269.70. In 1914 the State widened to 280 feet, with a depth of 15 feet, the easterly side of the Government channel opposite the yacht basin at a cost of $i,682'24; in 1914 and 1915 dredged at Commercial Point a channel 100 feet wide, 1,600 feet long, and 12 feet deep, with basin of the same depth and a total area of 390,000 square feet, and a shoal to the same depth on the north side of and adjacent to the United States channel, at a total cost of $53,213.10; in 1915 dredged a small area 6 feet deep at the public landing at Freeport Street, Commercial Point; and in 1916 dredged a basin 6 feet deep, 1,000 feet long, and 250 feet great- est width in Neponset River near Milton Lower Mills at a cost of $7,790.56. Maintenance cost on the 6-foot channel in Neponset River has amounted to $52,954.86. The river and harbor act of July 3, 1930, provides that before any work is undertaken in connection with the 30-foot channel project, local interests shall give assurances satisfactory to the Secretary of War and the Chief of Engineers that they will dredge to a depth of 30 feet at their own expense an approach channel and turning basin in the vicinity of the Cow Pasture and will construct at least one unit of a terminal development according to plans to be approved by the Chief of Engineers. These requirements have not been complied with. RIVERS AND HARBORS-BOSTON, MASS., DISTRICT 63 Terminal facilities.-On the north shore of Dorchester Bay are two wharves with total dockage of 500 feet, approached through a channel dredged through the flats by private interests. These wharves are solid fill, one with stone and one with timber bulkhead. One is owned by the city of Boston and used to serve a city pumping station. At the west end of the bay there are four wharves with an aggregate dockage of 900 feet, approached by a channel dredged through the flats by the State. These wharves are pile structures, two with solid fill and one of masonry with pile platform. All are available for water-borne freight. At Commercial Point, at the mouth of Neponset River, on the west shore, there is dockage of 700 feet of stone and wooden bulkhead on a total frontage of 2,700 feet. Of this bulkhead, the lower 1,400 feet, together with the wharves previously described, are within the scope of the 18-foot depth of the improved channel. On the west bank of the river and within the scope of the 15-foot depth there is a yacht-building plant, with piers aggregating 1,720 feet in length, consisting of pile structures inclosing yacht basins; at the head of the improvement extending above and below the New York, New Haven & Hartford Railroad bridge there are wharves aggregating 1,605 feet of dockage, consisting partly of wooden bulk- heads, filled solid, and partly of pile structures used for commercial purposes. All of the above wharves except the city wharf are privately owned. None are open to general public use. On the south shore of Dorchester Bay, at the mouth of the river, is the United States Navy destroyer plant, built during the war and now under lease as a yacht storage and repair plant, the launching basin of which is connected with the 18-foot improved channel by a dredged channel 10 feet deep. These facilities are considered adequate for existing commerce. (For further details see H. Doc. No. 652, 66th Cong., 2d sess.) Operations and results during fiscal year.-None. There were no expenditures. Condition at end of fiscal year.-The conditions prescribed by Congress in adopting the 30-foot channel project (see under Local coopertion) have not been fulfilled; therefore no work has been done thereunder. The existing project is about 37 per cent com- pleted. When dredging was completed in July, 1930, the controlling mean low water depth in Dorchester Bay was 18 feet to about 1,100 feet below Commercial Point, thence 15 feet to the Neponset High- way Bridge. The costs have been $94,584.55 for new work and $33,591.89 for maintenance, a total of, $128,176.44. The expenditures have been $128,176.44. Proposed operations.-No funds are available and no work is pro- posed during the fiscal year ending June 30, 1933. No funds can be profitably. expended for new work on the project adopted by the 190 river and harbor act until conditions of local cooperation have been complied with, and it is not believed that any maintenance of the 18-foot channel in Dorchester Bay and the 15- foot channel in Neponset River will be necessary during the next 140960-ENG 1932- 5 64 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1932 two years. Therefore no funds for maintenance can be profitably expended during the fiscal year ending June 30, 1934. CommerciaeWl statistice.--Coal, carried in barges of 13 to 18 foot draft, comprised 47 per cent of the water-borne tonnage for the calendar year 1931, no coal steamers being reported. Refined pe- troleum products, in barges of 10 to 11/2 foot draft, comprised 32 per cent of the tonnage; gas oil 12 per cent. Comparative statement Calendar year Tons Value Calendar year Tons Value 1927 ..--..------------------ 455, 189 $3, 125, 084 1930_ -------------------- 235, 718 $3, 016, 276 1928....-- ........------------------ 320, 458 2, 850,138 1931_------- _ ------------- 1206, 720 2, 955, 720 1929-------------------- 278, 572 3, 703, 836 1 In addition, 40,560 tons of garbage were shipped from Dorchester Bay. Cost and f nancia2 snmmary Cost of new work to June 30, 1932...---------------------------$94, 584. 55 Cost of maintenance to June 30, 1932-------- ----------------- 33, 591. 89 Total cost of permanent work to June 30, 1932 128, 176. 44 Net total expenditures ..... . 128, 176. 44 Net total expenditure-------------------------------------128, 176.44 Total amount appropriated to June 30, 1932--- --------------- 128, 176. 44 Fiscal year ending June 30 1928 1929 1930 1931 1932 - Cost of new work-........................--. .---.. ------------ ----------- Cost of maintenance_-----------------------------$158. 23 $27,840.82 $5, 169.39 ------------ Total expended----.....---...........------------------ ------------ 158. 23 25, 321. 11 7, 689. 10 ------------ Allotted.-------.-. . $18,200.00 .------------------- 7, 800. 00 -5, 000. 00 -3, 731. 56 .. Amount (estimated) required to be appropriated for completion of existing project------------------------------------------- $162, 000. 00 18. WEYMOUTH FORE RIVER, MASS. Location and description.-Rises in Braintree, Mass., and flows in a northerly direction 7.5 miles, emptying into Hingham Bay, Boston Harbor. The head of navigation is an old dam at East Braintree, 6.2 miles above the mouth. Below this dam the river is tidal. No records of discharge, etc., are available. (See U. S. Coast and. Geo- detic Survey Chart No. 246.) Original condition.-The channel had a depth of 18 feet at mean low -water= throughout, with a least width of 300 feet up to a point about 1 mile below the bridge at Quincy Point, the 18-foot channel extending two-thirds of a mile above that point, but being too tortu- ous for safe navigation of large vessels. In the remaining one-third of a mile to the bridge the channel was 150 feet wide and 13 feet deep at mean flow water. From the bridge at Quincy Point to the head of navigation at East Braintree, 6.2 miles above the mouth of the river, the channel was 12 feet deep at mean low water, gradually shoaling to 6 feet, and finally to 3 feet where it became too narrow to be practicable. Previous projets.-The original project was adopted by the river and harbor act of September 19, 1890, and extended by the river and RIVERS AND HARBORS--BOSTON, MASS., DISTRICT 65 harbor acts of March 3, 1905, and February 27, 1911. The cost and expenditures on original projects prior to the adoption of the existing project (expenditures on which began in 1917) were $170,500 for new work and $5,250 for maintenance, a total of $175,750. For further details see page 1745 of Annual Report for 1915. Existing project.-This provides for a channel 24 feet deep at mean low water and 800 feet wide, with a maximum width of 600 feet at the bend below Channel Rock, from Hingham Bay to Wey- mouth Fore River Bridge at Quincy Point, about 3 miles. The mean range of tide is 9.5 feet. The extreme range is 13.6 feet. The esti- mate of cost for new work, revised:in 1919, was $625,000, exclusive of amounts expended on previous projects. The latest (1917) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $2,000. The existing project was adopted by the river and harbor act of July 27, 1916 (Senate Com. Doc. No. 13, 63d Cong., 3d sess.). The latest published map is in House Document No. 207, Seventy-second Congress, first session. Recommended modifotions of project.-Under date of January 4, 1932, the Chief of Engineers recommended modification of the ex- isting project to the extent of providing a depth of 27 feet at mean low water, with a general width of 300 feet, from Hingham Bay to the Weymouth Fore River Bridge, at an estimated cost of $506,500, with $2,000 annually for maintenance, subject to certain conditions of local cooperation. (H. Doc. No. 207, 72d Cong., 1st sess.) Local cooperation.--Under the project of March 3, 1905, the im- provement of the river above the Quincy Point Bridge was to be maintained by the Commonwealth of Massachusetts or other agency. This was provided for by a resolve of the legislature approved May 26, 1905, and accepted by the Secretary of War June 7, 1905. The Commonwealth has maintained the improvement at a total expendi- ture of $68,623.74. The act of July 27, 1916, adopting the project for the 24-foot channel, appropriated two-thirds ($200,000) of its total estimated cost, subject to the condition that local interests con- tribute the remaining one-third ($100,000). The Commonwealth of Massachusetts, by act approved April 22, 1915, provided $75,000, the Fore River Shipbuilding Corporation (now Bethlehem Shipbuilding Corporation) contributed $15,000, and the city of Quincy, $10,000. Terminal facilities.-At the head of the Federal improvement at Quincy Point Bridge there are, on the westerly side below the bridge, two wharves with aggregate dockage of 800 feet, one of masonry and one of masonry and concrete with pile platform extension. On the easterly side there is a wharf about 600 feet in length, in front of which the owners have dredged to 24 feet at mean low tide, meeting the project depth. A large electric power plant is located at this point. On Town River, outside the scope of Federal improvement, are four wharves with aggregate dockage of over 2,700 feet. These in- clude a lumber wharf, a coal wharf, and twd wharves for repair and storage of yachts and commercial vessels. There is a large yacht basin. Above Quincy Point Bridge and served by the Commonwealth of Massachusetts improvements are eight wharves in use for water- borne freight, chiefly of masonry with pile platforms and having 66 REPORT OF CHRIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1932 an aggregate dockage of 2,350 feet. There is also a terminal, with a depth of 32 feet, used for the receipt of petroleum. In this area is the Fore River plant of the Bethlehem Shipbuilding Corporation, with depths up to 32 feet, used for the building and equipping of large naval and commercial vessels. These facilities are considered adequate for the existing commerce. (For further details see H. Doc. No. 652, 66th Cong, 2d sess.) Operations and results during fiscal year.-None. There were no expenditures. Condition at end of fiscal year.-The existing project was com- pleted in 1927 at a saving of $59,600 under the estimated cost. The controlling depth in 1930 was 24 feet at mean low water. The cost of the existing project has been $565,400 for new work, of which $465,400 was from United States funds and $100,000 from con- tributed funds. Expenditures have been $565,400, of which $465,400 was from United States funds, $100,000 being from contributed funds. Proposed operctions.-No funds are available and no work is pro- posed during the fiscal year ending June 30, 1933. No funds will be required for maintenance during the fiscal year ending June 30, 1934, as it is not believed that there will be any shoaling of the existing 24-foot channel. Commercial statistics.-The water-borne freight consists mainly of coal and crude and refined oil; the former comprising 31 and the latter 67 per cent of the tonnage for the calendar year 1931. On Town River about 1,647 tons of lumber were received; no sand was dredged. The maximum draft of oil tankers was reported as 291/2 feet, and of coal steamers, 28 feet. Comparative statement Calendar year Tons Value Calendar year Tons Value 1927 -.......--------- 1, 242, 481 $9,978, 790 1930-------------------.. 2, 016,127 $17, 881, 789 1928_-- -------- 1, 741, 551 16, 386, 010 1931.-------------------.. 2, 086, 798 11, 470, 299 1929 ---- -------------- 1, 722, 742 13, 623, 689 Cost and financial summary Cost of new work to June 30, 1932 ------------------------------- $635, 900 Cost of maintenance to June 30, 1932_--__- ______-___-------. 5, 250 Total cost of permanent work to June 30, 1932 ---------- - 641,150 Net total expenditures---------------------------------------- 641, 150 Total amount appropriated to June 30, 1932----------------------- 641, 150 Fiscal year ending June 30 1928 1929 1930 1931 1932 Cost of new work-------..-------------$11, 700. 74 -----------------..........----..............----------------- Cost of maintenance. . .. -----..-. ............-----------. Total expended-------------------.. 8,155. 78 $3, 544.96 _ -------- ------------ Allotted.,-0------------------------- 7,400.00 -1,000.00. .. _ Exclusive of $100,000 expended from contributed funds. RIVERS AND HARBORS-BOSTON, MASS., DISTRICT 67 19. WEYMOUTH BACK RIVER, MASS. Location and description.-Rises in East Weymouth, Mass., and flows in a northerly direction 4.5 miles, emptying into Hingham Bay at the mouth of Weymouth Fore River. It is tidal for 4 miles, to the highway bridge at East Weymouth. No records of discharge, etc., are available. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Chart No. 246.) Original condition.--The river had a practicable channel not less than 200 feet wide and not less than 12 feet deep at mean low water for about 1.5 miles to the wharf of the American Agricultural Chemical Co., except on a bar 400 feet wide and one-fourth of a mile above the mouth, where the depth was 11 feet, and except for the 2,000 feet below the wharf, where the depth gradually shoaled from 12 to 6 feet at mean low water. The head of navigation was at East Weymouth, about 4 miles above the bar and about 3 miles above the wharf of the chemical company. Previous projects.-None. Existing project.-This provides for a channel 12 feet deep at mean low water and 200 feet wide through the bar near the mouth, and for widening and straightening to the same dimensions the natural channel 2,200 feet long to the wharf of the American Agri- cultural Chemical Co. The mean range of tide is 9.4 feet. The extreme range is 13.5 feet. The estimate of cost for new work, made in 1891, was $22,000. The latest (1928) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $500. The existing project was adopted by the river and harbor act of August 18, 1894 (H. Ex. Doc. No. 256, 51st Cong., 2d sess.). The latest published maps are in the project document and River and Harbor Committee Document No. 32, Seventy-second Congress, first session. Recommended modifications of project.-Under date of May 26, 1932, the Chief of Engineers recommended modification of the exist- ing project to provide for a channel 15 feet deep and 250 feet wide through the bar at the mouth of the river, thence generally 200 feet wide to the downstream end of the American Agricultural Chemical Co.'s wharf, with a turning basin 350 feet wide and 400 feet long at its inner end, at an estimated cost of $60,000, with $700 annually for maintenance, subject to certain conditions of local cooperation (River and Harbor Committee Doc. No. 32, 72d Cong., 1st sess.). Local cooperation.-None. Terminal facilities.-The only commercial wharf has a frontage of about 1,400 feet and is a stone wall, filled, with pile platform in front. It is privately owned, not open to general public use, and is con- sidered adequate for existing commerce. (For further details see H. Doc. No. 652, 66th Cong., 2d sess.) Operations and results during fiscal year.-None. There were no expenditures. Condition at end of flcal year.--The V existing project was com- pleted in the fiscal year 1912 at a saving of $1,522 under the esti- mated cost. An examination of the channel in 1931 showed a con- trolling depth of 12 feet at mean low water throughout. The Navy Department has dredged a channel 12 feet deep at mean low water 68 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1932 and 150 feet wide from the improved channel of that depth opposite the chemical company's wharf to the naval magazine wharf at Hing- ham. Expenditures have been $27,000, which amount was the cost of the existing project, $20,478.68 being for new work and $6,521.32 for maintenance. Proposed operations.-No funds are available and no work is pro- posed during the fiscal year ending June 30, 1933. No funds will be required for maintenance during the fiscal year ending June 30, 1934, as it is not believed that there will be any shoaling of the existing 12-foot channel. Commnercial statistics.-During the calendar year 1931, fertilizer and fertilizer chemicals comprised 89 per cent of the waterborne ton- nage. Coal and brimstone were also received. A United States naval depot is stationed on the river, and during the year lightered ammunition to and from the Charlestown Navy Yard and vessels lying in Nantasket Roads. Comparative statement Calendar year Tons Value Calendar year Tons Value 1927 .......-------------------- 206,883 $3, 829, 195 1930_--__-_..-.- - --. 124, 385 $6, 401, 043 1928_- _ ___-__---------- __140, 329 5, 691, 988 1931---....------------- 124, 446 8,057, 805 1929__-------------------- 105, 451 8,480,424 Cost and financial summary Cost of new work to June 30, 1932-------------------------- $20, 478. 68 Cost of maintenance to June 30, 1932-------------------------- 6, 521. 32 Total cost of permanent work to June 30, 1932-------------27, 000. 00 Net total expenditures ------------------------------- 27, 000. 00 Total amount appropriated to June 30, 1932--------------------- 27, 000. 00 Fiscal year ending June 30 1928 1929 1930 1931 1932 Cost of new work...._ --....................--. ,-.---.---------- -- ----------- ----------- Cost of maintenance....------------- Total expended .....----------- ... ...------------------------------ Allotted-------......................... -$350. 00 .- 20. PLYMOUTH HARBOR, MASS. Location and description.-This harbor is 45 miles by water south of Boston. Its outer anchorage, the "Cow Yard," is common to Plymouth, Duxbury, and Kingston. From this anchorage a chan- nel about 2 miles long leads through extensive flats to a turning basin at the inner end opposite the town wharf. The channel and harbor are protected on the sea side by Long Beach, a narrow, low sand spit extending generally parallel to the mainland and about 1 mile from it. The harbor contains 2,000 acres, much of which, outside the channel, is dry at low tide. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Chart No. 245.) Original condition.-The channel and low-water line were about 2,500 feet from the wharves at Plymouth, to which access could be had only at high water. Long Beach was liable to inroads by the sea that would injure or destroy the harbor. RIVERS AND HARBORS-BOSTON, MASS., DISTRICT 69 Previous projects.--The original project was adopted by act of May 26, 1824, and was for the preservation of the beach. A project for dredging was adopted by the river and harbor act of March 3, 1875, and modified in 1877, 1884, and 1885. The cost and expendi- tures prior to the adoption of the existing project (expenditures on which began in 1899) were $188,646.59 for new work and $2,013.21 for maintenance, a total of $190,659.80, from United States funds. For further details see page 1746 of Annual Report for 1915. Existing project.-This provides for (a) protecting by riprap the sections of Long Beach damaged by the storm of November, 1898, and for restoring Eel River to its former course; (b) dredging a channel 18 feet deep at mean low water and 200 feet wide, increased at the entrance and on curves, from the bay to the town wharves, a distance of about 2 miles, with a suitable turning basin at the inner end; and (c) dredging a channel 150 feet wide, 15 feet deep at mean low water, extending in a northwesterly direction about 900 feet from a point off the site of northerly Craigs Wharf (now State Pier) with a turning basin 300 feet square, and of the same depth, at its north- westerly end; this channel to be connected with the 18-foot channel by an area to be dredged by the Commonwealth of Massachusetts or other local interests. The mean range of tide is 9.6 feet; the extreme range is 13.7 feet. The estimates of cost for new work, exclusive of amounts expended on previous projects, were as follows: (a) For beach protection, $95,700, made in 1899; (b) for dredging, $167,000, made in 1911; (c) for dredging channel and turning basin, $102,000, made in 1920. The latest (1917) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $500 for beach protection and $5,000 for dredging. The existing project was authorized by the following river and harbor acts: (a) The act of March 3, 1899, provided for the beach protection (Annual Report for 1899, p. 1089); (b) the act of March 4, 1913, provided for dredging the 18-foot channel (H. Doc. No. 1194, 62d Cong., 3d sess.) ; (c) the act of September 22, 1922, provided for the 15-foot extension, including the turning basin (H. Doc. No. 996, 66th Cong., 3d sess.). The latest published map is in the last-men- tioned document. Recommended modifications of project.-None. Local cooperation.-The act of March 4, 1913, required that the Commonwealth of Massachusetts or other local agency contribute one-half the estimated cost of the 18-foot channel. This condition was accepted by the Commonwealth on June 16, 1913, when an ap- propriation of $83,500 was made, and this amount was deposited to the credit of the Secretary of War August 25, 1913. The cost of the completed work being less than the estimated cost by $53,000, one-half of the saving, or $26,500, was returned to the Commonwealth of Massachusetts on March 10, 1916, under provisions of section 4 of the river and harbor act of March 4, 1915. The town of Plymouth, in 1909, at an expense of $12,000, restored and deepened to 10 feet at mean low water the channel and a por- tion of the basin completed by the Government under the project of 1875. In 1911, with funds provided by the Commonwealth of Massachusetts and the town of Plymouth, the Commonwealth dredged a channel to the wharf of the Plymouth Cordage Co. for 70 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1932 a length of about 1,100 feet to the width of 250 feet and depth of 20 feet at mean low water and for a length of about 5,000 feet to the width of 150 feet and depth of 18 feet at mean low water, at a total cost of $143,744.11. In 1915 the Commonwealth dredged an anchorage basin, about 94,000 square feet in area, extending northerly from the Government Channel and easterly of Long, North, and Craig Wharves, to the depth of 12 feet at mean low water, at a cost of $7,000; and com- pleted on December 7, 1917, at a cost of $9,375.34, the dredging of an extension to the Goose Point Channel 60 feet wide and 12 feet deep at mean low water, for about 1,600 feet to within a short distance of the originally selected terminal point. A contribution of $400 by the Plymouth Electric Light Co., re- ceived on July 17, 1915, was expended in deepening to 18 feet at mean low water a strip 60 feet wide along the outer edge of the old 9-foot turning basin, the work being done in conjunction with redredging the remainder of the basin to a 15-foot depth. The authorization by the river and harbor act of 1922 for the 15-foot channel extension at Plymouth requires that the Common- wealth of Massachusetts or other local interests shall contribute one- half the total estimated cost of $102,000, construct a wharf and accessories upon plans meeting the approval of the Secretary of War and the Chief of Engineers, and dredge an area connecting the existing 18-foot channel with the projected 15-foot channel. The Commonwealth of Massachusetts has contributed its share, of $51,000, and a wharf and required accessories have been constructed by the town of Plymouth. In 1925 the Commonwealth dredged two areas off Plymouth Rock at a cost of $7,926.26. The area connecting the existing 18-foot with the 15-foot channel has been dredged. Terminal facilities.-There are two wharves of solid-fill construc- tion with wooden-pile extension, one of which is owned by the Com- monwealth of Massachusetts and at present is open to the public free of charge. It is used for summer passenger business and as a land- ing place for small fishing boats. The other is owned by the town of Plymouth and open to free use. The easterly end of the town wharf is occupied by a coal-handling plant equipped with modern mechanical appliances. Depths at the wharves range from 12 to 15 feet at mean low tide. Neither of the wharves is physically con- nected with the railroad. The traffic is small and is almost entirely coal. The facilities appear to be adequate for existing demands. Operations and results during fiscal year.-None. There were no expenditures. Condition at end of fiscal year.-The existing project was com- pleted in 1927 at a saving of $68,129 under the estimated cost. Work of protecting by riprap the sections of Long Beach damaged by the storm of 1898 was completed in 1905. Eel River was restored to its former course in 1904. The dredging of a channel 18 feet deep at mean low water was completed in 1915. The controlling depth in this channel when surveyed in October, 1930, was 13 feet at mean low water. The 15-foot channel was completed in 1927. Shoaling in the channel just east of the State pier makes the controlling depth RIVERS AND HARBORS--BOSTON, MASS., DISTRICT 71 about 12 feet at mean low water. Cost and expenditures under the existing project have been $230,525, of which amount $188,571.16 was for new work and $41,953.84 for maintenance. In addition, $108,400 has been expended from contributed funds, of which $108,000 was for new work and $400 was for maintenance. Proposed operatione.--No funds are available and no work is pro- posed during the fiscal year 1933. The sum of $50,000 can be profitably expended during the fiscal year 1934 in restoration of channel to a depth of 15 feet at mean low water and project widths of 200 and 150 feet from the entrance to the town wharf by contract (July-November, 1933), about 90,000 cubic yards. No maintenance dredging has been done during the last five years, and redredging is necessary to meet the needs of commerce. Commercial statistics.-The figures given below now include freight delivered at North Plymouth, Mass., which was formerly re- ported, for appropriation purposes, under the name of Kingston Harbor. Its freight is now credited to Plymouth Harbor. During the calendar year 1931 coal, in barges of 20-foot draft, comprised 57 per cent of the water-borne tonnage; sisal, in steamers of 9-foot draft, 24 per cent; the remainder of the freight was fuel oil in barges of 13-foot draft. An excursion steamer operates between Boston and Plymouth during the summer months, carrying passen- gers and occasionally a small amount of perishable freight. Comparative statement Calendar Tons Value Passengers Calendar Tons Value Passengers year year 1927- ....- ... 40, 541 $2,334, 819 31,480 1930.. -...... 29,891 $354,318 21,000 1928.... ..----------.49,883 3,230,471 34, 352 1931---------- 35, 576 696, 343 45,080 1929 --._-- - 38, 394 2, 120, 276 59, 751 Cost and financial summary Cost of new work to June 30, 1932----------------------------- $377, 217.75 Cost of maintenance to June 30, 1932------------------------- 43, 967. 05 Total cost of permanent work to June 30, 1932------------ 1421, 184. 80 Net total expenditures--------------- --------------------- 421, 184. 80 Total amount appropriated to June 30, 1932--------- -------- 421, 184. 80 Fiscal year ending June 30 1928 1929 1930 1931 1932 Cost of new work....-------------------------- -------- ---------- ----------------------- ----------- Cost ofmaintenance--------------------------------------------------------- ----....---------------- Total expended----------------....----------- ---------------- ---------------------------------- ------------------------ Allotted.......---------- -$12, 000 --- Amount that can be profitably expended in fiscal year ending June 30, 1934, for maintenance- ---------------------------------- $50, 000 1Exclusive of $108,400 expended from contributed funds. 72 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1932 21. CAPE COD CANAL, MASS. Location and decription.-This waterway is a sea-level canal, extending from the head of Buzzards Bay, Mass., to a point on Cape Cod Bay, about 15 miles southeast of Plymouth Harbor, Mass. In general direction the canal trends from Buzzards Bay easterly to Cape Cod bay. The Cape Cod Bay entrance is called the east end, the Buzzards Bay entrance the west end of the canal. The mainland side of the canal is called the north bank, the Cape Cod side the south bank of the canal. The canal proper, measured between the shore lines, is 7.6 miles long, with approach channels approximately 4.5 miles long in Buzzards Bay and 0.5 mile long in Cape Cod Bay. Three drawbridges cross the canal prism, as follows: Railroad bridge near the westerly end and two highway bridges, distant from it toward the east approximately 0.7 and 5 miles, respectively. The railroad bridge has a clearance of 2.5 feet above extreme high water, and the highway bridges have a clearance of 30 feet. The clearance between the fenders of all bridges is 140 feet. The mean range of tide in Buzzards Bay is 4.1 feet and in Cape Cod Bay it is 9.4 feet. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Charts Nos. 251 and 1208.) Original condition.-This waterway was privately operated and was opened to partial navigation as a toll canal on July 30, 1914, and to full navigation on April 11, 1916. The total original cost of the canal to the owning company was approximately $13,000,000. The work of construction was done by the Boston, Cape Cod & New York Canal Co. The minimum usable depth at mean low water was 25 feet and the controlling width 100 feet, which was determined by the bottom width of the canal prism. Starting at the western end of the canal, the bottom widths were as follows: 150 feet for a distance of about 0.3 mile. 100 feet for a distance of about 6 miles. 200 feet for a distance of about 0.8 mile. 300 feet for a distance of about 0.4 mile. The approach channels in Buzzards Bay and Cape Cod Bay had general widths of 250 and 300 feet, respectively. At the easterly end of the canal there is a rubblestone jetty 3,000 feet long on the north- erly side and a short jetty on the southerly side of the entrance. The waterway is not considered safe for navigation of steamers draw- ing over 20 feet, due to difficulty in handling in the 100-foot width of channel and strong tidal currents which normally range from 3 to 4 miles per hour. Previous projects.-None. Existing project.-This provides for the purchase of the canal from the Boston, Cape Cod & New York Canal Co. at a cost of $11,500,000 in accordance with the contract dated July 29, 1921, executed by the Boston, Cape Cod & New York Canal Co., and printed in House Document No. 139, Sixty-seventh Congress, second session. The purchase of the canal was authorized by section 2 of the river and harbor act approved January 21, 1927. Recommended modificationu of project.-Under date of March 2, 1931, the Chief of Engineers recommended modification of the exist- ing project to provide a lock canal with one lock 110 feet wide and 1,000 feet in usable length, having 40 feet over the sills, and a depth in the canal and approaches of 30 feet, with a width of 250 feet in RIVERS AND HARBORS--BOSTON, MASS., DISTRICT 73 the land cut, a width through Buzzards Bay of 400 feet to Wings Neck in a new straight alignment and of 700 feet beyond Wings Neck, together with a highway bridge of adequate vertical clearance and suitable railroad crossing, and a 15-foot channel into Onset Bay, all at an estimated cost of $23,250,000, with $250,000 annually for maintenance. (H. Doc. No. 795, 71st Cong., 3d sess.) Local coopertion.-None. Terminal facilities.-The only terminals on the canal are those of the Canal Fish Freezing Co. and the Standard Oil Co. The former is used for the receipt and freezing of fish and the latter for the receipt and storage of oil. The terminals are considered adequate for the purposes for which they are used. As the canal is now owned by the United States, any terminals constructed in the future will be under permit issued by the War Department, and the interests of private individuals may be safeguarded by the terms of these permits. The Commonwealth of Massachusetts has recently let a contract for the construction of a State pier on the north bank of the canal at Bourne Neck. Plans for this pier were approved by the Assistant Secretary of War December 17, 1931. Operations and results duing fiscal year.--United States seagoing dredge Minquas was employed throughout the year dredging in the canal and approaches thereto, removing 337,902 cubic yards, bin measurement, of material, at a cost of $100,083.77, all for mainte- nance. Riprap and slope pavement were placed on the canal banks where most urgently needed; a total of 17,125 tons of stone were placed under contract at a total cost of $67,221.46. The total cost during the fiscal year was $167,380.79, all for maintenance. Ex- penditures during the year were $157,606.93. Condition at end of fiscal yea.-The controlling depth in the canal on June 30, 1932, was 23 feet at mean low water. The controlling depths in the Buzzards Bay and Cape Cod Bay approach channels were, respectively, 23.7 and 24 feet at mean low water. The canal and properties were taken over by the United States on March 31, 1928, at a cost of $11,500,000. The cost of the existing project has been $12,033,241.67, of which $11,500,000 (the purchase price) was for new work and $533,241.67 for maintenance. Expenditures have been $12,148,541.47. Proposed operations.-The balance unexpended at the end of the year, together with an allotment of $52,000 made during July, 1932, will be applied as follows: Accounts payable June 30, 1932----------------------------- $6, 829.20 Maintenance : Dredging by Government-owned dredge----______. $72, 000.00 Dredging by contract (August-September, 1932) about 12,000 cubic yards-- --- __-. ______ - 6, 000. 00 Revetment by contract (August-November, 1932) about 2,000 tons -------- _------__-____ _ 6, 184. 78 84, 184. 78 Total -------- ----- ------------------------------ 91, 013. 98 The sum of $150,000 can be profitably expended during the fiscal year 1934 in maintenance dredging by Government-owned dredges throughout the fiscal year. The bridges, ferry, signal system, and other accessories will be maintained by allotment from the permanent indefinite appropria- 74 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1932 tion provided by section 6 of the river and harbor act of March 3, 1909. Commercial statistics.--During the calendar year 1931 coal com- prised 22 per cent of the tonnage passing through the canal, mineral oils (crude, fuel, and refined) 40 per cent, and general cargo 26 per cent. Chemicals (including fertilizer) and building materials were also typical items of freight in smaller quantities. Vessel trips east- bound aggregated 5,436, westbound 5,855, a decrease of 173 over the year 1930. Their total gross tonnage was 9,810,596 and total net registered tonnage 6,197,088. Comparative statement Calendar Tons Value Passengers Calendar Tons Value Passengers year year 1927-_...... 924, 164 $284, 786,925 202,849 1930-___._ 2, 498,943 $156, 947, 546 253, 727 1928 ........ 1,405, 782 80, 116, 237 231, 426 1931....... 2, 436, 164 126, 106,927 230, 707 1929 .......-- 2, 165, 465 108, 358, 255 232, 824 1Valuation was made by the Canal Co. Cost and flanoil summary Cost of new work to June 30, 1932------------ ------------ $11, 500, 000. 00 Cost of maintenance to June 30, 1932_--- ---------- - - 533, 241. 67 Total cost of permanent work to June 30, 1932 ---------- 12, 033, 241.67 Value of plant, materials, etc., on hand June 30, 1932_ .... __ - 122, 129. 00 Net total cost to June 30, 1932- - -- ___-___-___ 12, 155, 370. 67 Minus accounts payable June 30, 1932_ ..-------.. --- - 6---829. 20 6. Net total expenditures__---------------- ----- 12, 148, 541. 47 Unexpended balance June 30, 1932--------------------------- 39, 013. 98 Total amount appropriated to June 30, 1932 .__.________ 12, 187, 555. 45 Fiscal year ending June 30 1928 1929 1930 1931 1932 Cost of new work.--------------------$11, 500, 000 ... Cost of maintenance ---------------- ------------ $91, 913. 08 $157, 904. 56 $116, 043. 24 $167, 380. 79 Total expended--.....----...----... ------------ 11, 500, 000 204, 205. 69 139, 274. 02 147, 454. 83 157, 606. 93 Allotted...................---------------------------- 11, 500, 000 329, 555. 45 205, 000. 00 153, 000. 00 ...---------- Balance unexpended July 1, 1931_- ---- ____ -- -$196, 620. 91 Gross amount expended__----....-__-_______ $157, 733. 51 Less reimbursements collected. ---------- __ __ -- 126. 58 157, 606. 93 Balance unexpended June 30, 1932 __---- ---- 39, 013. 98 Outstanding liabilities June 30, 1932_____ ....--- _- ------- 7, 360. 50 Balance available June 30, 1932---- ----------- -- 31, 653.48 Amount allotted from War Department appropriation act approved July 14, 1932------------------------------------------- 52, 000. 00 Balance available for fiscal year 1933 ....--------- 83, 653. 48 Amount that can be profitably expended in fiscal - year ending - June 30, 1934, for maintenance - - - - - - - - - ------- 150, 000. 00 1 Exclusive of available funds. RIVERS AND HARBORS-BOSTON, MIASS., DISTRICT 75 22. OPERATING AND CARE OF CAPE COD CANAL, MASS. The improvement for which report is made under this caption forms part of the project for the Cape Cod Canal, Mass. See pages 12 to 74, where general information regarding the improvement can be found. The canal has been operated and maintained under the permanent indefinite appropriation since March 31, 1928. Operations and results during fiscal year.-The canal was open to navigation throughout the year. Hired labor was employed in mak- ing repairs to bulkheads, dolphins, bridges, lighting and signal sys- tem, ferry, floating plant, and buildings. The two highway bridges, the railroad bridge, and the Bournedale Ferry were operated throughout the year. The expenditures during the year were $241,948.65 and the costs $235,803.51, all for maintenance. Condition at end of fiscal year.-The canal and properties were taken over by the United States on March 31, 1928, at a cost of $11,- 500,000. The controlling depth on June 30, 1932, was 23 feet at mean low water in the canal and 23.7 and 24 feet at mean low water in the Buzzards Bay and Cape Cod Bay approach channels, respec- tively. The total amount expended from the permanent indefinite appropriation to the close of the fiscal year was $1,070,477.21 ex- clusive of outstanding liabilities amounting to $7,463.26 and the total cost has been $1,048,161.51, all for maintenance. Proposed operations.--The canal will be operated and maintained under allotments from the permanent indefinite appropriation pro- vided by section 6 of the river and harbor act of March 3, 1909. The highway and railroad bridges, ferry, and signal system will be operated and repairs thereto made as needed. Minor repairs will be made to floating plant, buildings, etc. Cost and linancial summary Cost of maintenance to June 30, 1932___-------------_-_ $1, 048, 161. 51 Value of plant, materials, etc., on hand June 30, 1932_.._____ 29,561.24 Net total cost to June 30, 1932_-----------------__ -1, 077, 722.75 Plus accounts receivable June 30, 1932 __------------------__- 5. 73 Gross total costs to June 30, 1932---------------- 1,077, 728. 48 Minus accounts payable June 30, 1932 -- __ - _____-___- 7, 251.27 Net total expenditures----------------------------1, 070, 477. 21 Unexpended balance June 30, 1932_------------------------- 18, 522. 79 Total amount appropriated to June 30, 1932 --------- 1, 089, 000. 00 Fiscal year ending June 30 1928 1929 1930 1931 1932 Cost of new work-..... Cost of maintenance------------------- $49, 624.57 $210, 762.46 $273, 760.03 $278, 210.94 $235, 803.51 Total expended..------ ------------------ 38,149.12 220,134. 70 275, 827. 13 294, 417. 61 241, 948. 65 Allotted.......---------... . ----.--------- 50,000. 00 219, 000. 00 275,000.00 300,000.00 245,000.00 Balance unexpended July 1, 1931----------------------------- $15, 471. 44 Amount allotted from permanent indefinite appropriations, sec. 6, river and harbor act, Mar. 3, 1909-- ------------------ 245, 000. 00 Amount to be accounted for--------------------------- 260, 471.44 76 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1932 Gross amount expended----------------------- $241,950. 75 Less reimbursements collected_--_____--- ------- - 2. 10 $241, 948. 65 Balance unexpended June 30, 1932_1__ -1__-__ __----18, 522. 79 Outstanding liabilities June 30, 1932----- ------------ 7, 463.26 Balance available June 30, 1932_---- ------------ 11, 059. 53 Accounts receivable June 30, 1932.----------- ---------- 5.73 Unobligated balance available June 30, 1932_ .... __-__ -11, 065. 26 Amount allotted for fiscal year 1933-------------------------- 229, 000. 00 Balance available for fiscal year 1933 ---------------- 240, 065. 26 23. EXAMINATIONS, SURVEYS, AND CONTINGENCIES (GENERAL) Operations under this heading comprise the making of preliminary examinations and surveys for navigation, called for by river and harbor acts and by resolutions of the committees of Congress (not including those investigations provided for in H. Doc. No. 308, 69th Cong., 1st sess., or by sec. 10 of the flood control act of May 15, 1928); collection of commercial statistics; miscellaneous surveys, inspections, and estimates; permit and bridge inspections; harbor- line studies; fish-net inspections; administration charges incurred in connection with inactive river and harbor projects; and minor routine navigation investigations. The cost of work during the year amounted to $72,635.36; the expenditures were $73,565.23. The bal- ance unexpended and accounts receivable at the end of the year amounting to $2,049.22 together with allotment of $25,000, made during July, 1932, will be applied as needed during the fiscal year 1933 to payment of expenses incurred in connection with the above items. The additional sum of $32,000 can be profitably expended during the fiscal year ending June 30, 1934. Cost and financial summary Cost of maintenance to June 30, 1932____- ___------___------ $155, 646. 97 Value of plant, materials, etc., on hand June 30, 1932 ___________ 427. 35 ....-..-.----- Net total cost to June 30, 1932---- __ 156, 074. 32 Plus accounts receivable June 30, 1932--------______ 1, 099. 78 Gross total costs to June 30, 1932------- --- ___________ 157, 174.10 Minus accounts payable June 30, 1932--------------------------1, 223. 54 Net total expenditures-------. 155, 950. 56 Unexpended balance June 30, 1932 -------------------- -______-949. 44 Total amount appropriated to June 30, 1932______________ 156, 900. 00 Fiscal year ending June 30 1928 1929 1930 1931 1932 Cost of new work- ... $....... Cost of maintenance........... ------------ $3,500.00 $20,03755$59, 474.06 $72,635.36 Total expended-------------------------- ------- 3, 425. 50 20, 406. 79 58, 553. 04 73, 565. 23 Alote---------------- 3,.001,0.001,0. 1,0.00..0,0.0 'Allotted--------------------------------- $3, 500. 00 1 000. 00 1 20,000. 00 - I I 15, 00.00 18, 100, 400.00 RIVERS AND HARBORS-BOSTON, MASS., DISTRICT 77 Balance unexpended July 1, 1931-------------------------------- $54, 514. 67 Amount allotted from War Department appropriation act approved May 28, 1930----$---------------------- $5,000.00 Amount allotted from War Department appropriation act approved Feb. 23, 1931------------------------- - 15,000. 00 20,000. 00 Amount to be accounted for------ ----------------- 74, 514. 67 Gross amount expended-------------------------- 77, 102. 91 Less reimbursements collected---------------------- 3, 537. 68 73, 565.23 Balance unexpended June 30, 1932 ---------------------- 949. 44 Outstanding liabilities June 30, 1932--------------------------- 1, 324.95 Balance available June 30, 1932-------------------------------375. 51 Accounts receivable June 30, 1932---.----------.--------------- 1, 099. 78 Unobligated balance available June 30, 1932---------------- 724. 27 Amount allotted from War Department appropriation act approved July 14, 1932----------------------- ------------------- 25, 000. 00 Balance available for fiscal year 1933__------------------- 25, 724. 27 Amount that can be profitably expended in fiscal year ending June - - - - - -- - - - - - - - - - - 30, 1934, for maintenance 1- - - - - - - - - - - 32, 000. 00 EXAMINATIONS AND SURVEYS MADE IN COMPLIANCE WITH THE RIVER AND HARBOR ACTS APPROVED JANUARY 21, 1927, AND JULY 3, 1930 Reports on preliminary examinations and surveys required by the river and harbor act approved July 3, 1930, of the following localities within this district were duly submitted by the district and division engineers. They were reviewed by the Board of Engineers for Rivers and Harbors, pursuant to law, and were transmitted to Con- gress and printed in documents as indicated: 1. Preliminary examination and survey of Crieha en Harbor, Me.-Reports dated October 9, 1930, and January 15, 1932, by the district engineer, and October 17, 1930, and February 9, 1932, by the division engineer, with illustration, are printed in House Docu- ment .No. 3101 Seventy-second Congress, first session. A plan of Improvement is presented which provides for the construction of a breakwater about 300 feet long extending in a northerly direction from Sunset Point, at an estimated cost of $40,000, subject to certain conditions of local cooperation. 2. Preliminary examination and survey of Gloucester Harbor and Annisequa River, Mass.-Reports dated September 16, 1930, and February 29, 1932, by the district engineer, and September 26, 1930, and April 4, 1932, by the division engineer, with illustrations, are printed in River and Harbor Committee Diocment No. 39, Seventy- second Congress, first session. A:plaii of improvement is presented which provides for a channel 8 feet deep at mean low water, 60 feet wide from Gloucester Harbor to the Boston & Maine Railroad bridge, 100 feet wide from the railroad bridgeto the mouth of the river, and 200 feet wide across the bar in Ipsw'ch Bay, including the remnotal of a ledge near the:Gloucester Harbor entrance, at a total estimated cost of $32,500, with maintenance estimated at the rate of $3,500 annually:. 1 Exclusive of available funds. 78 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U~ S. ARMY, 1932 3. Preliminaryexamination and survey of Weymotuth Back River, Mass.--Reports dated December 13, 1930, and January 2,,1932, by the district engineer, and December 22, 1930, and February 9, 1932, by the division engineer, with illustration, are printed in River and Harbor Committee Document No. 32, Seventy-second Congress, first session. Recommendation is made for modification of the existing project so as to provide for a channel 15 feet deep and 250 feet wide through the bar at the mouth of the river, thence generally 200 feet wide to the downstream end of the American Agricultural Chemical Co.'s wharf, with a turning basin 350 feet wide and 400 feet long at its inner end, at an estimated cost of $60,000 with maintenance estimated at the rate of $700 annually, subject to certain conditions of local cooperation. 4. Preliminaryeeamination and survey of Boston Harbor, Mass.- Reports dated January 31, 1931, and November 23, 1931, by the dis- trict engineer, and February 13, 1931, and January 12, 1932, by the division engineer, with illustration, are printed in House Document No. 244, Seventy-second Congress, first session. Recommendation is made for further improvement of the harbor to provide for deepen- ing the main ship channel from President Roads to Commonwealth Pier No. 1 to 40 feet for a width of 600 feet with suitable widening at the bend in the channel, and for dredging to afford an anchorage area 40 feet deep, 2,000 feet wide, and 5,500 feet long on the north side of President Roads, at a total estimated cost of $4,800,000, with maintenance at the rate of $30,000 annually, subject to certain con- ditions of local cooperation. 6. Preliminary examination and survey of Weymouth Fore River, Mass.-Reports dated February 13, 1931, and November 2, 1931, by the district engineer, and March 2, 1931, and November 31, 1931, by the division engineer, with illustration, are printed in House Docu- ment No. 207, Seventy-second Congress, first session. Recommenda- tion is made for modification of the existing project so as to provide for a channel 27 feet deep, with a general width of 300 feet, at an estimated cost of $506,500, with $2,000 annually for maintenance, subject to certain conditions of local cooperation. Reports on preliminary examinations and surveys required by the river and harbor acts approved January 21, 1927, and July 3, 1930, of the following localities within this district were duly sub- mitted by the district and division engineers. They were reviewed by the Board of Engineers for Rivers and Harbors, pursuant to law, and were transmitted to Congress, but have not yet been printed: 1. Preliminaryexamination of Merrimack River, N. H. and Mass.- Reports by the district and division engineers were transmitted to Congress February 5, 1932. The improvement of this locality, other than as authorized by the existing project, is not deemed advisable at the present time. £. Preliminary examination of York Harbor, Me.-Reports by the district and division engineers were transmitted to Congress March 1, 1932. The improvement of this locality, other than as authorized by the existing project, is not deemed advisable at the present time. 3. Preliminary examination of Kenne bunk (Mouseam) River at Kennebunkport, Me.-A War Department letter was transmitted to the Speaker of the House of Representatives, January 14, 1932, stat- RIVERS AND HARBORS--BOSTON, MASS., DISTRICT T ing that a report was submitted by the Chief of Engineers to the chairman of the Committee on Rivers and Harbors of the House of Representatives, on January 11, 1932, in accordance with a request contained in a resolution adopted by the committee July 23, 1930, that the Board of Engineers for Rivers and Harbors review a prior report on this improvement. Further action on this investigation therefore appears unnecessary. 4. Preliminaryeminiiration and survey of New'gen Harbor,South- port, Me.-Reports by the district and division engineers were trans- mitted to Congress May 31, 1932. The improvement of this locality by the United States is not deemed advisable at the present time. 6. Preliminary examination of Hampton, Hampton Falls, and Seabrook, N. H.-Reports by the district and division engineers were transmitted to Congress December 7, 1931. The improvement of this locality by the United States is not deemed advisable at the present time. The local engineer was also charged with the duty of making other preliminary examinations and surveys provided for by the river and harbor act approved July 3, 1930, as follows: 1. Portland Harbor, Me., along 'the water front of South Port- land.-Reports dated September 29, 1930, and October 3, 1930, by the district and division engineers on preliminary examination are held in abeyance by the Board of Engineers for Rivers and Harbors at the request of local interests. 2. Ogunquit Harbor and Perkins Cove, Me.-Reports dated Sep- tember 17, 1930, and September 22, 1930, by the district and division engineers on preliminary examination are held in abeyance by the Board of Engineers for Rivers and Harbors at the request of local interests. 3. Union River, Me.-Reports dated October 9, 1930, and October 17, 1930, by the district and division engineers on preliminary exam- ination were received. A survey is in progress. 4. Camden Harbor, Me.-Reports dated October 10, 1930, and Jan- uary 15, 1932, by the district engineer, and October 17, 1930, and January 29, 1932, by the division engineer, on preliminary examina- tion and survey, are receiving consideration by the Board of Engi- neers for Rivers and Harbors. 6. Corea Harbor,Me.-Reports dated October 27, 1930, and April 13, 1932, by the district engineer, and October 30, 1930, and April 27, 1932, by the division engineer, on preliminary examination and sur- vey, are receiving consideration by the Board of Engineers for Rivers and Harbors. 6. Monhegan Harbor, Me.-Reports dated October 4, 1930, and February 29, 1932, by the district engineer, and October 24, 1930, and March 15, 1932, by the division engineer, on preliminary examina- tion and survey, are receiving consideration by the Board of Engi- neers for Rivers and Harbors. 7. Wohoa Bay and Pleasant River, Addison, Washington County, Me.-Reports dated October 27, 1930, and November 6, 1930, by the district and division engineers on preliminary examination are held in abeyance by the Board of Engineers for Rivers and Harbors at the request of local interests. 140960-ENG 1932- 6 80 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1932 8. Vicinity of Royal River, Me.--Reports dated September 29, 1930, and October 2, 1930, by the district and division engineers, on preliminary examination, were received. A survey is in progress. 9. Channel between Isle a Haut and Kimbals Island, Me.--Re- ports dated October 2, 1930, and March 15, 1932 by the district engi- neer, and October 14, 1930, and April 6, 1932, by the division engi- neer, on preliminary examination and survey are pending before the Chief of Engineers awaiting receipt of additional information re- quested from the division engineer. 10. Coast of New Hampshire between Rye Beach and Foo Head Point, with a view to the establishment of a harbor of refuge.- Reports dated September 19, 1930, and September 29, 1930, by the district and division engineers on preliminary examination are held in abeyance by the Board of Engineers for Rivers and Harbors at the request of local interests. 11. Rye Harbor, N. H.-Reports dated September 18, 1930, and October 14, 1930, by the district and division engineers on the pre- liminary examination are held in abeyance by the Board of Engineers for Rivers and Harbors at the request of local interests. 12. Mystic River, Mass., from the Fellsway Parkway Bridge at Wellington and East Somerville to the Cradock Bridge Dam at Medford Center.-Reports dated February 10, 1932, and February 18, 1932, by the district and division engineers, on the preliminary examination, are receiving consideration by the Board of Engineers for Rivers and Harbors. REPORTS MADE IN COMPLIANCE WITH RESOLUTIONS OF THE COMMITTEE ON RIVERS AND HARBORS, HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES 1. By resolution dated February 27, 1929, a review of reports on Gloucester Harbor, Mas., printed in House Document No. 1112, Six- tieth Congress, second session, was requested. Report thereon, with illustrations, was transmitted to Congress June 29, 1932, and printed in River and Harbor Committee Document No. 39, Seventy-second Congress, first session. A plan of improvement is presented which provides for a channel 8 feet deep at mean low water, 60 feet wide from Gloucester Harbor to the Boston & Maine Railroad bridge, 100 feet wide from the railroad bridge to the mouth of the river, and 200 feet wide across the bar in Ipswich Bay, including the removal of a ledge near the Gloucester Harbor entrance, at a total estimated cost of $32,500, with maintenance estimated at the rate of $3,500 annually. 2. By resolution dated July 23, 1930, a review of reports on Kfennebunk River, Me., printed in House Document No. 423, Sixty- third Congress, second:session, was requested. Report thereon was transmitted to the committee on January 11, 1932, but has not yet been printed. The improvement of this locality, other than as au- thorized by the existing project, is not deemed advisable at the present time. 3. By resolution dated February 10, 1931, a review of reports on the South Branch of the Penobscot River, Me., printed in: House Document No. 274, Fifty-ninth Congress, second session, was re- quested. Report thereon was transmitted to the committee ion June , 1932, but has not yet been printed. The improvement of this RIVERS AND HARBORS-PROVIDENCE, R. I., DISTRICT 81 locality by the United States is not deemed advisable at the present time. 4. By resolution dated February 19, 1931, a review of reports on Portland Harbor, Me., printed in House Document No. 489, Sixty- second Congress, second session, was requested. Report thereon was transmitted to the committee on December 8, 1931, but has not yet been printed. The improvement of this locality, other than as au- thorized by the existing project, is not deemed advisable at the present time. 5. By resolution dated January 7, 1932, a review of reports on Danvers River, Mass., authorized by the river and harbor act ap- proved January 21, 1927, and transmitted to Congress March 15, 1928, was requested. Report thereon was transmitted to the com- mittee on June 11, 1932, but has not yet been printed. The improve- ment of this locality by the United States is not deemed advisable at the present time. IMPROVEMENT OF RIVERS AND HARBORS IN THE PROVIDENCE, R. I., DISTRICT This district includes a part of the State of Massachusetts, com- prising its southern coast line, extending as far north as Chatham Harbor on the east coast line of Cape Cod, and the whole of the .States of Rhode Island and Connecticut, including the Connecticut River, Conn. and Mass. District engineer: Maj. Charles J. Taylor, Corps of Engineers. Division engineer: Col. W. J. Barden, Corps of Engineers, to November 30, 1931, and Col. G. M. Hoffman, Corps of Engineers, since that date. IMPROVEMENTS Page Page 1. Pollock Rip Shoals, Nan- 13. Pawcatuck River, R. I., and tucket Sound, Mass __. 81 Conn--.... 106 2. Harbor of Refuge at Nan- 14. Mystic River, Conn- -- ___ 108 tucket, Mass-_______-- 84 15. New London Harbor, Conn_ 108 3. Cross Rip Shoals, Nantucket 16. Thames River, Conn__ .... 111 Sound, Mass_ 85 17. Connecticut River a b o v e 4. New Bedford and Fairhaven Hartford, Conn ____.... 113 Harbor, Mass___ 87 18. Connecticut River be 1 o w 5. Fall River Harbor, Mass___ 90 Hartford, Conn -- 116 6. Taunton River, Mass__.... 93 19. Duck Island Harbor, Conn__ 119 7. Newport Harbor, R. I _.- 95 20. Branford Harbor, Conn ___ 121 8. Providence River and Har- 21. New Haven Harbor, Conn__ 123 bor, R. I---------- 96 22, Milford Harbor, Conn ..... 127 9. Pawtucket (Seekonk) River, 2& Housatonic River Conn ___ 127 R. I 100 24. Bridgeport Harbor, Conn___ 130 10. Harbor of Refuge at Point 25. Norwalk Harbo, Conn .. 135 Judith, R. I_--------- 102 26. Stamford Harbor, Conn.__ 137 11. Harbor of Refuge at Block 27. Greenwich Harbor, Conn___ 140 Island, R. I-,__ ------ 103 28. Hay (West). Harbor, N. Y__ 142 12. Great Salt Pond, Block Is- 29. Examinations, surveys, and land, R. I _ - 105 contingencies (general) _ 143 1. POLLOCK RIP SlHOALS, NANTUCKET SOUND, MASS. Location and description.-Pollock Rip Channel is the northerly passage through the shoals off the eastern entrance to Nantucket Sound connecting the deep water of the sound with that of the 82 REPORT OF :CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1932 ocean.: It is about 26 miles east from the harbor of Vineyard Haven, on the island of Marthas Vineyard, Mass., and 60 miles south from Provincetown Harbor, at the northern extremity of Cape Cod. The shoals through which the Pollock Rip Channel passes are, sometimes called the Monomoy Shoals. They extend about 14 miles north and south and about 8 miles east and west. The material of these shoals is a shifting sand and gravel, and the depth and location of the old sailing channel was subject to considerable variation, due to wind and currents. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Chart No. 250.) Original condition.-The channel was very crooked and in places narrow. It was subject to very strong tides and directly exposed to the full force of easterly storms of the ocean. Its length was about 121/2 miles, measured from the Handkerchief Light Vessel to the whistling buoy north of Pollock Rip Slue, and, with a depth of 21 feet at mean low water, varied in width from about 2,000 to 3,600 feet, with a width of several miles as the Handkerchief Light Vessel was approached. The limiting depth was 27 feet for a width of 750 feet. Previous project.-None. Existing project.-This provides for dredging through the shoals at the eastern entrance to Nantucket Sound with a Government dredge, which is to assist the natural agencies in obtaining such depth and width as may be found practicable, but not exceeding a depth of 30 feet at mean low water and a width of 1 mile. The mean ranges of the tide are, respectively, about 3.7 feet at Monomoy Point, the nearest land, and 6.7 feet at Chatham Light, about 9 miles to the north of this point. The ranges of spring tides at these two points are 4.4 and 7.9 feet. The ranges are largely affected by direction and force of storms. The original expenditure authorized for experimental work was $250,000, and later the operation of a dredge was authorized at an estimated annual cost of $200,000. The estimated cost, revised in 1928, of providing a channel of suitable dimensions is $1,100,000 for new work and $30,000 for annual maintenance. The existing project was adopted by the river and harbor act of July 25, 1912 (H. Doc. No. 536, 62d Cong., 2d sess.), and extended by the act of July 27, 1916 (R. & H. Com. Doc. No. 3, 64th Cong., 1st sess.). The latest map is published in the Annual Report for 1915, page 2056. Recommended modiflations of project.-None. Local cooperation.-None. Terminal facilities.--None. Effect of inprovemernt.--The use of the present channel ma- terially shortens the time and length of passage and reduces the difficulties of navigation through or around these shoals. Operations and reszdts dur'ng fiscal year.-Maintenance dredg- ing with the U. S. dredge W. L. Marshall was in progress from August 3 to 15, 1931, inclusive. During this period 123,524 cubic yards of sand and gravel were removed from shoals at the eastern entrance. The total cost of the work was $8,512.55, all for mainte- nance. The expenditures amounted to $14,310.69. Condition at end of fiscal year.-The project is about 98 per cent completed. It is believed that the depths previously secured over RIVERS AND HARBORS-PROVIDENCE, R. I., DISTRICT 83 the northern tongue of the Stone Horse Shoal have been maintained and the bend in the channel materially improved. A cut 2,000 feet wide has been dredged through Bearses and Pollock Rip Shoals, in which the general depth was 32 feet and over and the least depth at the edges 30 feet. On June 30, 1932, the controlling depths were 29 feet in the central portions of the cut and 26 to 28 feet at the edges. To complete a channel of suitable dimensions requires the widening of the northeastern end of the cut. The costs under the project have been $1,083,504.41 for new work and $243,834.27 for maintenance, a total of $1,327,338.68, and the total expenditures $1,328,416.26. Proposed operations.-The balance unexpended, $2,985.75, together with an allotment of $50,000, made during July, 1932, will be ap- plied to maintenance operation of seagoing hopper dredge during October and November, 1932. The additional sum of $56,500 can be profitably expended during the fiscal year 1934, as follows: New work: Operation of seagoing hopper dredge during the spring of 1934, about 20 days------------- ---------------------- $16, 500 Maintenance: Operation of seagoing hopper dredge during the spring of 1934, about 1% months------------------------------------- 40, 000 Total ------------------------------- 56, 500 The new work will complete the channel to suitable dimensions by widening at the northeast entrance. Maintenance funds are required to meet routine requirements. Commercial statistics.-There are no available means of determin- ing the amount and value of the commerce which passes through this channel, as it forms a part of that reaching many of the ports on the North Atlantic coast. The number of vessels reported as passing the light vessels at the entrances to the channel is as follows: Comparative statement Steam- Calendaryearers Calendar year and motor Tugs ailing vessels Barges Yachts Total vessels 1927-..--- ------------------------------ 5, 121 1, 100 690 2,802 657 10, 370 . . . 1928. --------------------------------- . 5, 006 718 586 1, 741 625 8, 676 1929- _--------------------------------- 5, 360 570 398 1, 439 714 8, 484 1930 . --------------------------------- 4, 836 506 373 1, 274 843 7, 832 --------------------------------- 1931................... 4, 526 486 242 1,189 1,194 7,637 Cost and financial summary Cost of new work to June 30, 1932-----------------------$1, 083, 504. 41 Cost of maintenance to June 30, 1932 ..----------------------- 243, 834. 27 Total cost of permanent work to June 30, 1932----------.. 1, 327, 338. 68 Value of plant, materials, etc., on hand June 30, 1932---------- 1, 077. 58 Net total cost to June 30, 1932 .----------------- 1, 328, 416. 26 Net total expenditures----------------- ---------------- 1, 328, 416. 26 Unexpended balance July 30, 1932.. ------....------ 2,985. 75 Total amount appropriated to June 30, 1932 . ...... 1, 331, 402. 01 84 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1932 Fiscal year ending June 30 1928 1929 1930 1931 1932 Cost of new work.... .. .. .. .. ___............. Cost of maintenance.............------.......... $50,122. 61 $6, 995. 52 $29, 315. 17 $24, 466.41 $8,512.55 Totalexpended________........... _________ 38, 860.61 34, 050. 79 24, 895. 09 19, 367. 42 14, 310. 69 Allotted--------........... ----------------- -------------------- 42, 845. 68 -1, 443. 67' Balance unexpended July 1, 1931------------------------------- $18, 740. 11 Deductions on account of revocation o allotment-- -------------- 1, 443. 67 Net amount to be accounted for----------------- -------- 17, 296. 44 Gross amount expended --------------------------- $40, 428. 48 Less reimbursements collected--------------------- 26, 117. 79 14, 310. 69 Balance unexpended June 30, 1932------------------------2, 985. 75 Amount allotted from War Department appropriation act ap- proved July 14, 1932------------------------------------- 50, 000. 00 Balance available for fiscal year 1933------------------ 52, 985. 75 Amount (estimated) required to be appropriated for completion of - - - - -- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -- - - - - - - - - - - - existing project 1 16, 500. 00 Amount that can be profitably expended in fiscal year ending June 30, 1934: 1- - - - - - - - -- - - - - - - - - -- - - - - - - ---- -- - -- - For new work 16, 500. 00 1- - - - - - - - - - -- - - - - - - - - - - -- - -- - -- - ----- - For maintenance 40, 000. 00 - - -- - -- - -- - -- - - -- - - -- - -- - -- - - -- - -- - -- - -- - - -- - Total 56, 500.00 2. HARBOR OF REFUGE AT NANTUCKET, MASS. The project is about 87 per cent completed. There were no ex- penditures during the fiscal year and there are no funds available. No work is contemplated during 1933 and 1934, as the channel is: believed to be in condition to meet the requirements of present and prospective commerce., For further details see Annual Report for 1931, page 93. Commercial statistios.-The principal items of freight for the cal- endar year were coal, fish, automobiles, petroleum products, stone,. and general package freight, carried in steamers, motor vessels, schooners, and barges. There was a decrease of about 10 per cent= in tonnage from that reported in 1930, due to decreased traffic in coat and general package freight. Comparative statement Calendar Tons Value Passengers Calendar Tons Value Passengers year year 1927-------..... 54, 508 $12, 762, 528 77, 718 1930-------- 61, 132 $15, 796, 407 113, 691 1928--------........ 53, 895 14, 103, 441 121, 465 1931-------- ... 55, 153 13, 299, 248 106, 306 1929--------........ 59,074 17, 923,131 140, 511 1 Exclusive of available funds. RIVERS AND HARBORS-PROVIDENCE, R. I., DISTRICT 85 Cost and financia summary Cost of new work to June 30, 1932------------------------------ $502, 317. 00 Cost of maintenance to June 30, 1932-------------------------- 192, 265. 83 Total cost of permanent work to June 30, 1932------------ 694, 582. 83 Net total expenditures-------------------- ------------------- 94, 582. 83 Total amount appropriated to June 30, 1932------------------ 694, 582. 83 Fiscal year ending June 30 1928 1929 1930 1931 1932 Cost of new work---------------- ----------------------- $29, 886.55 ---------------------- Cost of maintenance..........---------------------- $81.50 $12, 781.46 19, 552. 49 ...........---------------------........ Total cost.-------------------------- 81. 50 12, 781. 46 49, 439. 04 ------------------ Total expended -------------------------- . 81.50 986.31 61,234.19 ---------------- Allotted------------ ------------------------- 55, 000.00 6,109. 33------------------ Amount (estimated) required to be appropriated for completion of existing project-- ---------------------- --------- $66, 000 3. CROSS RIP SHOALS, NANTUCKET SOUND, MASS. Location and description.-Nantucket Sound lies south of Cape Cod and north of Nantucket and the eastern part of Marthas Vine- yard Islands. Cross Rip Shoals are a little southerly and easterly of the geographical center of the sound. They extend easterly from Cross Rip about 3 miles to Half Moon Shoal. They are about 17 miles east from Vineyard Haven on the island of Marthas Vineyard and about 15 miles northwest from Nantucket Harbor. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Chart No. 1209.) Original condition.--The fairway through the sound was ob- structed by- numerous disconnected and relatively narrow shoals extending easterly from Cross Rip and westerly from Half Moon Shoal, with a clear channel between the ends of the extensions 30 to 33 feet deep at mean low water and about 3,000 feet wide. The sailing course for deep-draft vessels, about 3 miles in length past the shoals, was crooked and hazardous. The locality was exposed to severe storm and ice conditions, and was a region of frequent fogs. The minimum depth over the shoals was about 23 feet. Previous project.--None. Emisting projecot.-This provides for a channel 4,000 feet wide and 30 feet deep at mean low water between Half Moon Shoal and Cross Rip Shoal, about 1.7 miles. The mean tidal range is about 2 feet and the maximum range, due to the combined effect of wind and other causes, is 3 feet or more. The estimate of cost for new work, made in 1928, is $27,000. The approved (1928) estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $4,000. The existing project was authorized by the river and harbor act of July 3, 1930 (H. Doc. No. 182, 70th Cong., 1st sess.). The latest published map is in the project document. Recommended modiflcationr of project.-None. Local cooperation.-None. Terminal facilities.-None. 86 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENOINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1 9 Effect of improvetent.-The improvement has removed a serious hazard to navigation through the sound and materially facilitated the movements of an extensive commerce. Operationsand results dzring fPscal year.-Improvement dredging with the U. S. dredge W.- L. Marshall, in progress at the beginning of the fiscal year, was completed on August 2, 1931. During the period, 311,766 cubic yards of sand were removed from the project area. The total cost of the work was $19,162.44, all for new work. The expenditures amounted to $25,500.64. Condition at end of fiscal year.-The existing project was com- pleted in 1931 at a saving of $2,800 under the estimated cost. The controlling depths on June 30, 1932, were 28 feet at the edge of the western shoals and over 31 feet through the sailing course, and on the eastern shoals 21 to 27 feet. The costs under the project have been $24,200.13 for new work, and the expenditures $25,507.31. Proposed operations.-The balance unexpended, amounting to $1,492.69, together with an allotment of $15,000, made during July, 1932, will be applied to maintenance dredging with seagoing hopper dredge during September, 1932. Maintenance funds are required to meet anticipated requirements. The additional sum of $6,000 can therefore be profitably expended during the spring of 1934 in maintenance dredging by seagoing hopper dredge. Commercial statistics.--There are no available means for determin- ing the amount and value of the commerce which passes through this channel, as it forms a part of that reaching many of the ports on the North Atlantic coast. For the number and classes of vessels passing the light vessel at the eastern entrance to the sound, see report for Pollock Rip Shoals. Cost and financial summary Cost of new work to June 30, 1932___---------------- _____- $24, 200.13 Cost of maintenance to June 30, 1932-------------------- - Total cost of permanent work to June 30, 1932------------ 24, 200. 13 Value of plant, materials, etc., on hand June 30, 1932__------ _ 1, 307.18 Net total cost to June 30, 1932------------------------ 25, 507. 31 Net total expenditures ------------------------ 25, 507. 31 Unexpended balance June 30, 1932---------------------------- 1,492. 69 Total amount appropriated to June 30, 1932_..........--- - - 27, 000. 00 Fiscal year ending June 30----------------............... 1928 1929 1930 1931 1932 Cost of new work -....------------ ---------------------------------- $5,037. 69 $19, 162. 44 Cost ofmaintenance---..........----.............--------..........----...----.....----------------------------------------- Total expended..---------.......----------------------------- ------------ 6. 67 25,500.64 Allotted---------------- ---------------- ------------ ---------- 27, 27,000 00 000 00 ........ I , .. RIVERS AND HARBORS---PROVIDENCE, R. I., DISTRICT 87 Balance unexpended July 1, 1931---- - -- - $26, 993. 33 Gross amount expended---......---------------------------------- 25, 500. 64 Balance unexpended June 30, 192.--------------------- 1, 492.69 Amount allotted from War Department appropriation act approved July 14, 1932--------- --------------------------------- 15, 000. 00 Balance available for fiscal year 1933 ------------------- 16, 492. 69 Amount that can be profitably expended in fiscal year ending June 1- - -- ----- ---- 30, 1934, for maintenance --------------- 6, 000. 00 4. NEW BEDFORD AND FAIRHAVEN HARBOR, MASS. Location and description.-New Bedford Harbor is a tidal estuary on the western side of Buzzards Bay, about 21 miles by water north- westerly from the harbor at Vineyard Haven, Mass., and about 42 miles to the eastward of Point Judith Harbor, R. I. It comprises an outer harbor about 3 miles long by 17/8 miles wide; an inner har- bor about 2 miles long and three-fourths mile wide; and the tidal portion of the Acushnet River up to Belleville, about 2 miles. The eastern portion of the harbor is called Fairhaven Harbor. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Chart No. 252.) Original condition.-The greater portion of the harbor was very shoal, and the channel through it had a minimum depth of only 12/2 feet at mean low water. The head of navigation was at Belle- ville, about 5 miles north of the entrance at Butler Flats. Previous projects.--The original project was adopted by the act of 1836 and modified and extended by the river and harbor acts of March 3, 1875, and August 11, 1888. The costs and expenditures under this project prior to the adoption of the existing project in 1907 were $170,700 for new work. For further details see page 1748, Annual Report of 1915. Existing project.-This provides for a channel 30 feet deep at mean low water and 350 feet wide from deep water in Buzzards Bay to a point just above the New Bedford-Fairhaven Bridge, nearly 5 miles, with increased widths for anchorage and maneuvering pur- poses in the areas north of Palmers Island and above the bridge; and a channel 100 feet wide and 18 feet deep at mean low water from the 30-foot area north of Fish Island to Belleville, a distance of about 2 miles, with a turning basin at the upper end 300 feet wide. The mean range of the tide is 4 feet, and the maximum range, due to the combined effect of wind and other causes, is 7 feet or more. The estimate of cost for new work, revised in 1930, is $1,384,000, exclusive of amounts expended on previous projects. The latest (1930) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $21,000. The episting project was authorized by the following river and harbor acts: The act of March 2, 1907, provided for a depth of 25 feet (H. Doc. No. 271, 59th Cong., 2d sess.); the act of March 3, 1909, provided for extending the 25-foot channel along the New Bedford wharf front near the bridge; the act of July 25, 1912, pro- vided for the 18-foot channel in the Acushnet River to Belleville (H. Doc. No. 442, 62d Cong., 2d sess.); and the act of July 3, 1930, providing for the 30-foot channel (H. Doc. No. 348, 71st Cong., 2d Exclusive of available funds. 88 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1932 sess.); except that the width of the channel was: limited to 350 feet, the limit of cost being fixed at $718,000. The latest published map is in the last-mentioned document. Recommended .modification of project.-None. Local oooperation.-The river and harbor act of July 25, 1912, -im- posed the condition that local interests construct a new bridge at Coggeshall Street with a draw opening of at least 100 feet and build a substantial wharf upon the city property at Belleville, the name given to the northern part of the city. These conditions have not been met, and there is no present prospect of their being complied with. Under War Department permit the Commonwealth of Massachu- setts has completed a channel 100 feet wide and 25 feet deep at mean low water from the upper end of the turning basin north of Fish Island to about 800 feet below the Coggeshall Street Bridge, at a cost of approximately $118,000. The Commonwealth has also con- structed in the harbor a modern steamship terminal at an approxi- mate cost, including dredging, of over $500,000. Terminal facilites.-These consist of piers and wharves with a total of about 18,500 feet of docking space, of which 2,520 feet are publicly owned, 3,850 feet privately owned but used by the public upon payment of wharfage, and 12,130 feet privately owned and so used. The wharves on the New Bedford side of the harbor have or can easily secure railroad connection. One on the Fairhaven side is so connected. The facilities are considered adequate for the existing commerce. (For further details see H. Doc. No. 652, 66th Cong., 2d sess., and Port Series No. 18, Corps of Engineers.) Operations and results during fiscal year.-Improvement dredg- ing under contract, in progress at the beginning of the year, removed 447,952 cubic yards of ordinary material and 291.699 cubic yards of bowlders, mainly from the channel north of Palmer Island, through the bridge, and around Fish Island. The dredging was completed September 25, 1931. The total net yardage removed under the con- tract was 1,345,619 of ordinary material and 679.13 cubic yards of bowlders. Project depth was secured except where prevented by ledge rock. Maintenance dredging under contract removed 196 cubic yards of mud, sand, gravel, and bowlders from a shoal above the Fairhaven Bridge. The costs were $104,136.58 for new work and $834.30 for maintenance, a total of $104,970.88. The expenditures amounted to $156,074.79. Condition at end of fiscal year.-The existing project is about 63 per cent completed. Under previous authorizations a 25-foot chan- nel along the New Bedford waterfront and an anchorage area have been completed except for a few spots along the southerir edge of the anchorage. The entrance channel between Butler Flats and the bridge, the channel through the bridge, and the channel and turning area above the bridge have been dredged to 30 feet except for isolated ledge areas. The controlling depths on June 30, 1932, were 26 feet in the entrance channel, nearly 26 feet in the channel through the basin and the turning basin above the bridge, 24 feet in the anchorage below the bridge except in the southwestern por- tion north of Palmer Island, and in the Acushnet River about 23 feet to about 1,200 feet below the Coggeshall Street Bridge and thence 7 feet to Belleville. The head of navigation is about 7 miles RIVERS AND HARBORS PROVIDENCE, R. I., DISTRICT 89 north of the entrance, opposite Sconticut Point. To complete the project requires the completion of the entrance channel, the deepen- ing of the anchorage and maneuvering areas, and the dredging of the 18-foot channel up to Belleville. The costs under the existing project have been $874,166.04 for new work and $184,072.83 for maintenance, a total of $1,058,238.87, and the expenditures $1,058,713.90. Proposed operations.--It is proposed to apply the funds unex- pended on June 30, 1932, amounting to $3,132.95, to surveys of the :rock areas in the channel. The additional sum of $140,000 can be profitably expended during the fiscal year 1934 in the removal of rock at Palmers Island and opposite Butlers Flats by contract during the period July-Septem- ber, 1933. The work is necessary to secure the full benefit of the completed channel through the harbor. There is believed to be no immediate necessity for maintenance work. Commercial statistics.-The principal items of freight for the calendar year were coal, petroleum products, raw cotton, automo- biles, and general package freight, carried principally in steamers, motor vessels, and barges drawing from 8 to 25 feet. Decreased traffic in coal, package freight, and petroleum products caused a decrease in tonnage of about 5 per cent under that reported for 1930, although the receipts of raw cotton increased about 33,000 tons. Comparative statement Calendar Tons Value Passengers Calendar Tons Value Passengers year year 1927--------....... 973, 309 $144, 760, 415 175, 134 1930....-------- 796, 167 $148, 779, 405 244, 132 1928--------....... 799, 658 135, 767, 850 205, 293 1931 ..--------755, 566 126, 430, 384 234, 233 1929........ 903, 110 152, 334, 274 265, 803 Cost and financial summary Cost of new work to June 30, 1932__-------------- $1,044, 866. 04 Cost of maintenance to June 30, 1932_.__--__ - -___ __- 184, 072.83 Total cost of permanent work to June 30, 1932________ 1,228, 938. 87 Value of plant, materials, etc., on hand June 30, 1932-- __ 475. 03 Net total cost to June 30, 1932 .__ .-------------- 1, 229, 413. 90 Net total expenditures---------------------------- 1, 229, 413. 90 Unexpended balance June 30, 1932--__----------------- __--- 3, 132. 95 Total amount appropriated to June 30, 1932-------------1, 232, 546.85 Fiscal year ending June 30 1928 1929 1930 1931 1932 Cost of new work ----------------------------------------------- $188,115. 41 $104, 136. 58 Cost of maintenance.--------------------- $373.92 ------------ 834.30 Total cost--.........----------------------- 373.92 .......----------------.........----... 188,115. 41 104,970.88 Total expended-------..........-------------- 476. 92 $1. 0 137, 486. 53 156, 074. 7 Allotted . . --........................ -$2, 257. 42 .......... --.......... 282, 000.00 14, 694.27 90 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1932 Balance unexpended July 1, 1931---------------------- -- -- $144, 513.47 Amount allotted from emergency construction act ap- proved Dec. 20, 1930------------------------ $85, 931.13 Amount allotted from War Department appropriation act approved Feb. 23, 1931------ ---------------- 49,694. 27 135, 625.40 Amounted to be accounted_----------------------- 280,138.87 Deductions on account of revocation of allotment .------------ 120, 931.13 Net amount to be accounted for------- ---------------- 159, 207. 74 Gross amount expended_----------------___----------- 156, 074.79 Balance unexpended June 30, 1932 -------------- 3, 132. 95 Amount (estimated) required to be appropriated for completion - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - of existing project 1 - - - __ - - - -- - -- - -- - - 506, 700. 00 Amount that can be profitably expended in fiscal year ending June 30, 1934, for new work 1 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 140, 000. 00 5. FALL RIVER HARBOR, MASS. Location and description.-Situated at the mouth of Taunton River, on the east side and at the head of Mount Hope Bay, which empties into the ocean through Narragansett Bay and Sakonnet River. There is but slight protection to the harbor from the south- west; from other directions it is practically landlocked. It extends about 5 miles in a northeast and southwest direction and is from one-fourth to 21/2 miles in width. It is about 18 miles northerly from Newport Harbor. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Chart No. 353.) Original condition.-The approach channel through Mount Hope Bay had a ruling usable depth of about 21 feet at low tide, except for a distance of about 1 mile in the middle part of the bay, where the depth diminished to 15 feet. Along the water front in the reentrant in the wharf line above the Old Colony Steamboat Co.'s wharf the depth was only 6 feet, and a considerable area of the harbor, espe- cially at the north end, had a much less depth. Previous projects.-The original project was adopted by the river and harbor act of June 23, 1874. A second project adopted by the act of March 3, 1899, and extended by the acts of June 13, 1902, and June 25, 1910, provided for a channel 25 feet deep at mean low water,. and 300 feet wide through Mount Hope Bay and Fall River Harbor and an anchorage basin of the same depth west of the harbor channel. The total cost and expenditures under these projects were $330,204.16 for new work and $81,410.31 for maintenance, a total of $411,614.47. For further details see page 1749 of Annual Report for 1915. Existing project.-This provides for a channel 30 feet deep at mean low water and 400 feet wide through Mount Hope Bay and Fall River Harbor, about 6.8 miles, with increased width opposite the wharves below Slades Ferry Bridge, for the removal of the lower end of Hog Island Shoal, and for the maintenance of the 25-foot 1Exclusive of available funds, RIVERS AND HARBORS---PROVIDENCE, R. I., DISTRICT 91 anchorage, about 42 acres in area, west of the harbor channel. The mean tidal range is 4.9 feet and the maximum range, due to the combined effect of wind and other causes, is 8 feet or more. The estimate of cost for new work, made in 1929 is $420,000, ex- elusive of amounts expended on previous projects. The latest (1929) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $11,000. The existing project was authorized by the river and harbor act of July 3, 1930 (H. Doc. No. 158, 71st Cong., 2d sess.). The latest published map is in the project document. Recommended modification of project.-None. Local cooperation.--None. Terminal facilities.-These consist of 17 piers having 12,000 feet of docking space and wharves affording 7,000 feet additional docking space. Three of the piers have direct railroad connection. One pier, belonging to the city of Fall River, is open to general public use. The facilities are considered adequate for the commerce of the port. (For further details see H. Doc. No. 652, 66th Cong., 2d sess., and Port Series No. 18, Corps of Engineers.) Operations and results during fiscal year.--Improvement dredg- ing under contract at the beginning of the fiscal year was completed on December 2, 1931. During the period, a total of 565,624 cubic yards of ordinary material and 135.034 cubic yards of bowlders was removed, completing the channel and maneuvering area from Globe Wharf to the center fender of Slades Ferry Bridge. The total net yardage removed under the contract was 1,214,944 of ordinary ma- terial and 149.78 cubic yards of bowlders. The costs were $129,651.07, all applied to new work. The expenditures amounted to $190,085.17. Condition at end of fiscal year.-The project is about 64 per cent completed. Under previous authorization an anchorage has been dredged opposite the wharves. The channel has been dredged to project dimensions from Globe Wharf to Slades Ferry Bridge. The controlling depths at mean low water on June 30, 1932, are: Entrance channel to Globe Wharf, 25 feet; Globe Wharf to Slades Ferry Bridge, 30 feet; through the bridge to the head, 26 feet; an- chorage area, 20 to 25 feet; Hog Island Shoal, 18 to 30 feet. To complete the project requires the removal of the lower end of Hog Island Shoal and the deepening of the channel through Mount Hope Bay and through the bridge. The total costs under the existing project have been $268,709.81 for new work, and the expenditures $270,248.54. Proposed operations.-The balance unexpended at the end of the year, amounting to $7,751.46, together with an allotment of $130,000, made during July, 1932, will be applied to new work dredging in the channel through Mount Hope Bay up to Globe Wharf, by con- tinuing contract, October, 1932, to March, 1933, involving about 900,000 cubic yards. It is proposed to allot additional funds for dredging about 22,000 cubic yards in the channel through Slades Ferry Bridge, when the cost is more definitely known. It is expected that the work will be done during September and October, 1932. 92 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1932 The additional sum of $137,000 can be profitably expended during the fiscal year 1934, as follows: New work: Completion of dredging channel through Mount Hope Bay up to Globe Wharf under continuing contract------------------ $120, 00 Operation of seagoing hopper dredge during the spring of 1934, about one month, in the removal of the southern end of Hog Island Shoal------------------------------------------ 17,000 Total1------------------------------------------- 37, 000 Commercial statistics.--The principal items of freight for the calendar year were petroleum products, coal, general package freight, textiles, and raw cotton, carried in steamers, motor vessels, and barges drawing from 9 to 27.5 feet. There was a decreased traffic in petroleum products, coal, and general package freight, and addi- tional traffic in raw cotton, the result being a total commerce about 171/2 per cent less than that reported for 1930. Comparative statement Vessel traffic Additional traffic, car. goes intransit1 Calendar year Tons Value Passengers Tons Value 1927 ----.------------------------------. 2, 887, 678 $140,312,417 253, 339 13, 054 $128, 784 1928 .--------- --------------------........ 2, 751,343 148, 108, 636 195, 622 9, 795 89, 475 1929- ..- --.....---------.-------. ----------. 2, 437,903 149, 254, 679 176, 999 21,116 176, 826 1930 .......--------------------------------- 2, 420, 913 125, 132, 150 154, 182 4,148 50, 415 1931 ..................------------------------------......... 1, 995, 019 100, 386, 195 130, 718 13, 198 214, 820 1Does not include cargoes rehandled or originating in Fall River. Cost and ftnancial summary Cost of new work to June 30, 1932 .----- -- -- _---------- $598, 913.97 - Cost of maintenance to June 30, 1932_ ..... _____- -______ 81,410. 31 Total cost of permanent work to June 30, 1932_- ----- ___-680, 324. 28 Value of plant, materials, etc., on hand June 30, 1932_---------- - 1,538. 73 Net total cost to June 30, 1932- ----- -- - -- 863. 01 -___-681, Net total expenditures --- _---- _-------------- 681, 863. 01 Unexpended balance June 30, 1932_.....--- ----..--- - - 7,751.46 Total amount appropriated to June 30, 1932_--__ _-___ 689, 614. 47 Fiscal year ending June 30 1928 1929 1930 1931 1932 Cost of new work----------------------------------..................... ........... ----------- $139, 058. 74 $129, 651.07 Cost ofmaintenance......-------------------..... $923. 99 --------------------------------------- Total expended...............------------------------- 923.99 ------------... 80, 163. 37 190, 085. 17 Allotted............-------------------------------------- ------------------ 253,000.00 25,000.00 Balance unexpended July 1, 1931 ----------------.-----.-- $172, 836.63 Amount allotted from War Department appropriation act approved Feb. 23, 1931 ----------------------------------- 88, 824. 80 Amount to be accounted for-...--_.. . _- _..- -261, 661. 43 RIVERS AND HARBORS-PROVIDENCE, R. I., DISTRICT 93 Deductions on account of revocation of allotment--------------- $63, 824. 80 Net amount to be accounted for------------- -------- 197, 836. 63 Gross amount expended----------- -------------------- -- 190, 085.17 Balance unexpended June 30, 1932 ------ ..--- .------- 7, 751.46 Amount allotted from War Department appropriation act ap- proved July 14, 1932 ----------------------------------- 130, 000. 00 Balance available for fiscal year 1933-------------------137, 751.46 Amount (estimated)-- -required - to be appropriated for completion of -- - - -- - -- - -- - - - - - - - - - -- existing project 1 143,500. 00 Amount that can be profitably expended in fiscal year ending June - - - - - - - - - - - - - ---- ------ -- - ------ 30, 1934, for new work _ 137, 000.00 6. TAUNTON RIVER, MASS. Location and description.-Rises in Norfolk County, Mass., flows in a general south by west direction about 44 miles, and empties into Mount Hope Bay at Fall River. The river has a drainage area of about 516 square miles, with a mean fresh-water discharge of about 825 second-feet. It is tidal for 21 miles above its mouth to East Taunton Dam. Somerset, the lower end of the improvement, is about 6 miles above the mouth of the river. (See U. S. Geological Survey sheets Taunton and Fall River.) Originalcondition.-That portion of the river under improvement had in places a width of about 100 feet and a minimum depth of 1 foot. The channel was crooked and obstructed in many places by bowlders. A vessel of 30 tons was as large as could go up to Taun- ton. The head of navigation was at Taunton, about 15 miles above the mouth of the river. Previous projects.-The original project was adopted by the river and harbor act of July 11, 1870. A second project authorized by the act of June 14, 1880, provided for a channel 12 feet deep at mean high water 100 feet wide to Berkley Bridge, 80 feet wide to Briggs Shoal; thence 11 feet deep 80 feet wide to the shipyard and 60 feet wide to Weir Bridge. The cost and expenditures under these proj- ects prior to the adoption of the existing project in 1930 were $171,497.93 for new work and $32,831.26 for maintenance, a total of $204,329.19. For further details see page 1748 of Annual Report for 1915. Eisting project.-This provides for a channel 12 feet deep at mean low water generally 100 feet wide up to a point about 2,800 feet below Weir Bridge; thence 80 feet wide for about 2,000 feet, and thence 60 feet wide to the bridge. The mean tidal range is 4.9 feet at the mouth, 4.8 feet at Dighton, and 4.2 feet at Weir Bridge. The maximum range, due to the com- bined effects of wind and other causes, is 8 feet or more at the mouth and at Dighton and about 6 feet at the head of navigation. The estimate of cost for new work, made in 1930, is $780,000, exclusive of amount expended on previous projects. The latest (1930) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $10,000, including maintenance of the turning basin to be constructed by local interests. 1 Exclusive of available funds. 94 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1932 The existing project was authorized by the river and harbor act of July 3, 1930 (H. Doec. No. 403, 71st Cong., 2d sess.). The latest published map is in the project document. Recommended modifications of project.-None. Local cooperation.--The river and harbor act of July 8, 1930, adopted the existing project subject to the provisions that local interests shall provide at their own expense, a suitable turning basin near the head of navigation, and furnish, without cost to the United States, suitable bulkheaded areas for spoil disposal. Under date of March 26, 1931, the Chief of Engineers accepted the assurances of the Commonwealth of Massachusetts that the requirements would be fully met. Terminal facilities.-These consist of wharves, privately owned, but used to some extent by the public upon payment of wharfage, at Dighton, with docking space of about 480 feet; Church's wharf and Brigg's wharf, each 40 feet; North Dighton Wharf, 180 feet; and Weir village, 5,460 feet; a total of 6,200 feet. There is no railroad connection with any of these wharves. A trolley line runs near to and parallel with the wharf line in Weir village. The facilities are considered adequate for the existing commerce. (For further details see H. Doc. No. 652, 66th Cong., 2d sess.) Operations and results during fiscal year.-Improvement dredging between Somerset and Dighton, under contract, was commenced July 8, 1931, and completed September 29, 1931. A total of 302,105 cubic yards of material was removed, completing the channel, except for minor ledge or bowlder shoals from Somerset up to the rock at Peters Point. A detailed survey of the rock area at Peters Point was com- pleted and the work of removal (improvement) placed under con- tract. There have been no operations under this contract. The costs were $54,487.52, applied to new work. The expenditures amounted to $67,440.49. Condition at end of fiscal year.-The existing project is about 7 per cent completed. The channel above Dighton? dredged under the previous project, has suffered some deterioration in depth and width. Project dimensions except for minor deficiencies have been secured up to Dighton. On June 30, 1932, the controlling depth up to the rock area at Peters Point was about 11 feet; above this point it is claimed by those using the channel constantly that it can not be used safely by vessels drawing more than 9 feet intending to make the round trip on one tide. To complete the project requires the deepen- ing of the channel from Dighton to Taunton. The head of naviga- tion is at Taunton. The total costs under the existing project have been $54,437.52, for new work, and the expenditures $69,660.18. Proposed operations.-The balance unexpended at the end of the year, amounting to $40,339.82, together with an allotment of $81,000, made during July, 1932, will be applied to new work: Dredging and rock removal at Peters Point under continuing contract, July, 1932, to April, 1933, $121,339.82. The additional sum of $452,000 can be profitably expended during the fiscal year 1934, to be applied to new work: Dredging throughout the fiscal year, by contract, involving the removal of about 1,230,000 cubic yards of ordinary material and 3,400 cubic yards of bowlders. RIVERS AND HARBORS-PROVIDENCE, b. I., DISTRICT 95 These funds are required for the completion of th cthannel to Taunton, making available to Taunton and Dighton the full benefits of the increased clhatel depths. Coimmercial statistic.-The commerce of the river consists of petroletum products, coal, clay, and molding sand, carried in motor vessels, barges, and schooners drawing 8 to 9 feet. There was a de- crease in tonnage of about 30 per cent from that reported for 1930, due to greatly dereased traffic in coal. Comparative'statement Calendar year Tons Value Calendar year Tons Value 1927....------------------ -- 75,111 $572, 876 1930 ....................---------------------. 29, 638 $203, 355 1928 ..... ..- ...- 74, 826 498, 523 1931 .....--------------------- 20, 904 261,020 -------------------- 1929..................... 69,255 448,082 Cost and finanot summary Cost of new work to June 30, 1932 ...------ $225, 935. 45 Cost of maintenance to June 30, 1932 ----------.--- -------- 32, 831.26 Total cost of permanent work to June 30, 1932-_..-... .258, 766. 71 Value of plant, materials, etc., on hand June 30, 1932_ ----------- 15, 222.66 Net total cost to June 30, 1932-------__------_ 273, 989. 37 Net total expenditures --------------------------- 273, 989. 37 Unexpended balance June 30, 1932-_-- __-------- -- -- 40, 339. 82 Total amount appropriated to Jiine 30, 1932_--------- 314, 329.19 Comparative statement Fiscal year eridiig'Jtine 30 1928 1929 1930 1931 1932 Cost of new work.----------------------------------- ---------------------- $54, 437. 52 ------------------........... Cost of maintdande........ $14. 34 ................... Total experided--------------------------14. 3---------.------------$2,219. 67, 440.49 Allotted -$359. 99 0 00 .110 .. Balace urinexpended July 1, 1931_----------------- $107, 780. 31 ---------- Gross azhoUtht expefid d --------- -------------------------- 67, 440 49 Balance unexpended June 30, 1932_-------------------.-- 40, 339. 82 Amount covered by uncompleted contracts _------------------ 40,339. 82 Amount allotted from War Department appropriation act approved July 14, 1982------------------------------------------81, 000. 00 Amount available for fisdal yea 1938-- ....-..------- ---- __ 81,000. 00 Amount (estimated)- - required to be appropriated for completion of - - - - - -- - - - - - - -- - - -- -- - -- - -- - -- - -- -- existing project' 604, 000.00 Amount that dan be profitably ex~ended in fiscal year ending June, 1- -- - -- - -- - - -- - - -- - - - - - - - -- - - 30, 1934, for new work ---- 452, 000. 00 7. NEWPORT HARBOR, R. ]. This project was completed during the fiscal year 1916 at a saving of $38,571 under the estimated cost. No expenditures were made 1 Exclusive of available funds. 140960---ENG 1932- 7 96 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1932 during the fiscal year, and there are no funds available. No work is now proposed, as the channel andianchorage areas are in a satis- factory condition to meet the demands of the present commerce. For further details see Annual Report for 1924, page 77. Commercia2 8tatistics.-The principal items of freight for the calendar year were coal, refined petroleum products, stone, sand and gravel, fish, and general merchandise, carried in steamers, motorves- sels, and barges drawing from 6 to 151/ feet. There was an increase of about 5 per cent in tonnage from that reported for 1930, due to greatly increased receipts of crushed stone. Comparative statement Vessel traffic Additional traffic, general ferry Calendar year Tons Value Passengers Tons Value Passengers 1927...____.---.--..-. -- 128, 984 $11,140, 250 128, 514 122, 881 $42, 060, 500 450,114 1928........-------------------- 129, 914 10, 332,369 102,089 124,960 43, 254,000 436, 558 116, 140 7, 980, 913 1929__----------.................. 67, 426 145, 451 50,183, 425 509, 650 1930--------------------118 275 7,447,145 105, 308 150, 398 51, 869, 770 520, 6523 ------ 124, 819 6, 0 47 1931..........--------............------ 81, 359 141,603 49,166,000 461604 Cost and flnancial. summary Cost of new work to June 30, 1932--- -- -------------- $680, 025. 52 Cost of maintenance to June 30, 1932----------------------- 24, 229. 79 Total cost of permanent work to June 30, 1932--------- 704, 255. 31 Net total expenditures--------------- -------- ------------- 704, 255.31 Total amount appropriated to June 30, 1932------------------ 704, 255. 31 8. PROVIDENCE RIVER AND HARBOR, R. I. aescription.-Providence River is formed at the city Location andd of Providence by the junction of the Pawtucket (Seekonk) River and two small streams which rise in northern Rhode Island. It is tidal and flows southerly in a deep channel between broad flats about 8 miles, emptying into Narragansett Bay. It has a total drainage area of about 870 square miles and a mean fresh-water discharge of about 1,400 second-feet. The width varies from about 3 miles near the mouth to 1,400 feet at Fields Point and 200 feet at the head of navigation. Providence Harbor is in that part :of the river north of Fields Point. The section included in the project is about 1.6 miles long and 800 to 1,800 feet wide. It is about 37 miles north of the Point Judith harbor of refuge at the entrance to Narragansett Bay. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Chart No. 278.) Original condition.-Providence River was obstructed by many shoals, and at one point in the channel near the head of navigation the minimum depth was but 4.5 feet at mean low water. Providence Harbor was a shallow tidal basin, with a channel of about 12 feet depth and of varying widths. The heads of navigation were at Providence and at Pawtucket through its main branch, the Paw- tucket River. The navigable portion is about 8 miles in Providence River and 5 miles additional in Pawtucket River. Previous projets.-The original project was adopted by the act of August 30, 1852, and modified and extended by the river and RIVERS AND EARBORS--PROVIDENCE, R. I., DISTRICT 97 harbor acts of March 3, 1873, June 18, 1878, August 2, 1882, August 5, 1886, June 3, 1896, June 13, 1902, March 2, 1907, and June 25, 1910. The cost and expenditures under previous projects were $2,422,730.35 for new work and $58,538.96 for maintenance, a total of $2,481,269.31. For further details see page 1750 Annual Report of 1915. Existing project.-This provides for an approach channel 30 feet deep at mean low water and 600 feet wide through the river from the deep water of Narragansett Bay opposite North Point, on Popa- squash Neck, up to Fields Point, 8.8 miles, and thence with the same depth through the harbor, from 1,300 feet wide to 1,800 feet wide, reducing to 800 feet at Fox Point, and limited on the east and west sides by the harbor lines, excepting the area formerly known as Green Jacket Shoal, about 1.6 miles to Fox Point. The mean tidal range is about 4.7 feet and the maximum range, due to the combined effect of wind and other causes, is 8 feet or more. The estimate of cost for new work, revised in 1928, is $1,350,000, exclusive of amounts expended on previous projects. The latest (1928) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $35,000. The existing project was authorized by the river and harbor act of March 4, 1913 (H. Doc. No. 1369, 62d Cong., 3d sess.). The latest published map is in the Annual Report for 1915, page 2068. Recommended modifications of project.-None. Local cooperation.-The river and harbor act of June 25, 1910, provided that " No part of this amount ($459,000, estimated cost of the work then provided for) shall be expended until satisfactory assurances that the city of Providence or other local agency will expend on the improvement of the harbor front in accordance with said document (H. Doc. 606, 61st Cong., 2d sess.) above referred to a sum equal to the amount herein appropriated and authorized." The proper assurances were promptly given and approved by the Secretary of War September 6, 1910. The river and harbor act of March 4, 1913, provided as follows: That no work in the harbor proper north of Fields Point shall be done until the Secretary of War is satisfied that the State and city have completed their proposed expenditures in the combined Providence and Pawtucket Harbors up to at least $2,000,000 for public terminals or other permanent public harbor improvements. This was modified by the river and harbor act of March 4, 1915 (R. and H. Com. Doc. No. 9, 63d Cong., 2d sess.), by the addition of the words- or shall have given to the Secretary of War assurance satisfactory to him that the expenditure of the $2,000,000 aforesaid will be completed within a time satisfactory to him and not later than three years from the passage of this amendment. This assurance was given the Secretary of War and was approved by him June 11, 1915. The entire amount was expended by the State of Rhode Island and city of Providence prior to March 4 1918. The Providence River above Fox Point to the head of navigation is maintained by the city to a depth of 20 feet at mean low water. Terdnal facilities.--These consist of piers and wharves with a total docking space of 32,170 feet, of which 5,060 feet is publicly owned, about 7,020 feet is open for general public use upon payment of wharfage, and 20,090 feet is privately owned and used. Practi- 98 P REPORT (OF CHIEF OF NGEE SR,. S. ARMY, 1V 2 caiy all of these wharves and piers are or can easily be connected with railroad lines which are in operation on all sides of the harbor. The' cilitieS are edni red adequate for existing o eree. A marihe railway capable of hauling out a vessel of 3,200 tons, with extensive facilities for marine repairs; has been estabished but is not nOw in operation. (For further details see H. Doc. No. 652, 66th Cong., 2d sess., and' Port Series No. 18, Corps of Engineers.) Operations and results during fiscal year.--Maintenance dredging under contract at the beginning of the fiscal year was completed January 23, 1932. During the period 105,121 cubic yards of ordi- nary material and 13.545 cubic yards of bowlders were removed from shoal areas le after previous dredging in the harbor area and the channel between Fields Point and Squantum. The total net yard- age removed under the contract was 1,014,472 cubic yards of ordinary material and 13.545 cubic yards of bowiders. Improvement dredging and rock removal under contract was begun April 5, 1932, and was in progress at the close of the fiscal year. During the period the rocky shoal south of Conimicut Light was drilled and blasted and about 95 per cent of the rock and overburden removed and disposed of. The costs were $32,102.68 applied to new work and $22,250.24 applied to maintenance, a total of $54,352.92. The total expenditures were $54,047.98. Condition at end of fiscal year.=-The, existing project is nearly com- pleted. The approach channel has been dredged' to project depth, except the small remaining part of the rocky area southeasterly from Conimicut Light, from opposite North Point, on Popasquash Neck, to Fields Point. Above Fields Point the entire harbor up to Fox Point has been dredged to a depth of 30 feet. The controlling depths at mean low water are: Approach channel up to Fields Point, 30 feet (nearly full width), and in the harbor area over 30 feet except at the edges; Green Jacket Shoal (not included in existing project), 22 to 26 feet. To complete the project requires the completion of the removal of a ledge or bowlder ridge in the eastern part of the entrance channel south; of Conimicut Light. The total costs under the existing project have been $1,336,027.38 for new work and $471,906.34 for maintenance, a total of $1,807,933.72, and the expendi- tures $1,806,001.86. Proposed operatione.-It is proposed to apply the funds unex- pended on June 30, 1932, amounting to $26,587.80, as follows: Accounts payable June 30, 1932---$----------------------------15, 691.66 New work: Rock removal, under contract in progress, to be com- pleted in July, 1932------ -------------------------------- 2, 082. 21 Maintenance: Engineering and contingencies-------------------- 8, 813. 93 Total for all work-------------------------------- 26, 587. 80 No additional funds can be profitably expended during the fiscal year 1934, as the channels and harbor are believed to be in condition to serve existing traffic for at least two more years. Commercial statistics.-Theprincipal items of freight for the cal- endar year were petroleum products, coal, general packet freight, cotton textiles, lumber, and stone, carried in steamers, motor vessels, and barges drawing 8 to 29 feet. Of the total traffic, about 54 per cent was petroleum products and 32 per cent was coal; 14 per RIVERS AND HARBORS---PROVIDENCE, R. I., DISTRICT 99 cent was foreign commerce. All coastwise traffic to and from Paw- tucket (Seekonk) River passes through Providence Harbor in transit. There was a decrease in foreign tonnage of nearly 5 per cent from that reported for 1980, due to decreased receipts of £oreign lnumber and petroleum products. There was, however, an increase in total tonnage of about 1 per cent due to an increase of over 9 per cent in the ;total traffic in petroleum products. Gomparaotive .statemeet trafficAdditionaltraffic, Vessel traffc cargoes Vessel in transit Calendar year Tons Value Passengers Tons Value 1927-------------------------------- ,118,547 $461,404,824 278,227 258,649 $59, 670,081 128 -----------.------- ----------- 4,876, 796 433, 039,805 373,827 314416 45, 379,756 1929 -------------------------------- 5,403,637 463, 395, 511 410,564 432,873 44,820,526 19 9-------------------------------5,004,231 404,083,026 855,201 431,240 38,235, 555 1931-----.----------------------- 5,069, 689 383,188, 278 273,797 489,125 38,286,275 Cost and finacwial s~tzmmary Cost of new work to June 30, 1932------------ --- - $3, 758, 757. 73 Cost of maintenance to June 30, 1932 ----------------- 530, 445. 30 Total cost of permanent work to June 30, 1932 ---- -4, 289, 203. 03 Value of plant, materials, etc., on hand June 30, 1932------ 13, 759. 80 Net total cost to June 30, 1932__ ------ 4,302,962.83 Minus accounts payable June 30, 1932 ----- _---- - - 15, 691. 66 Net total expenditures--.------------- ------------ 4, 287, 271. 17 Unexpended balance June 30, 1932------------------ -------- 26, 587. 80 Total amount appropriated to June 30, 1932 ------- 4, 313, 858. 97 Fiscal year ending June 30 1928 1929 1930 1931 1932 Cost of new work_----.--.......--.. $4,698.06 --..... $1, 113. 48 $300.00 -----------. $32,102.68 Cost of maintenance_-....... ....-.-. . 787. 70 ------------ 35, -------- $169, 706.92 22, 250. 24 Total cost._......----.-.-...... -__ 40,;485.76 1,113. 48 300.00 169, 706.92 54, 352. 92 Total expended_------...............--... - 42, 185. 11 -321.43 3, 677. 62 146, 032. 79 54, 047. 98 Allotted--.--------------------- 25,000. 00 ----------- 258,000.00 .------ -35, 000.00 Balance unexpended July 1, 1981-------------------- ------ $115, 635. 78 Deductions on account of revocation of allotment-----___--- -- _ 35, 000. 00 Net amount to be accounted for- .- _------------------ 80, 635. 78 Gross amount expended__$-------------------------$71, 103.83 Less reimbursements collected.1--------------------- 7, 145. 85 54, 047. 98 Balance unexpended June 30, 1932 ----- .-.....----- __ 26, 587. 80 Outstanding liabilities June 30, 1932--- 691. 66 1--------- 15, Amount covered by uncompleted contracts-- ---- _- 2, 082. 21 17,778. 87 Balance available June 30, 1932-.------------8------------ ,813.98 100 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1932 9. PAWTUCKET (SEEKONK) RIVER, R. I. Loct0ion and de8eoription.-This river rises in the vicinity of Worcester, Mass., and flows in a general southeasterly direction for about 52 miles, emptying into Providence Harbor at Providence. Between Providence and awtucket, a distance of 5.2 miles, within which lies the improved portion, the river is tidal. Above Pawtucket the river is used for power and manufacturing purposes, and is known as the Blackstone. The total. drainage area is about 540 square miles, and the mean fresh-water discharge is about 864 second- feet. The width between the shores varies from about 100 feet, be- tween the wharves at Pawtucket, to about 2,700 feet in the widest portions. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Chart No. 278.) Originalcondition.-The river between Providence and Pawtucket was a shoal tidal basin, with a ruling depth in the channel of about 5 feet at mean low tide. The basin was wide and the channel narrow and obstructed by two bridges with badly arranged draws. Navi- gation was difficult even for small vessels. The head of navigation was at Pawtucket Falls, about 5.2 miles above the mouth of the river. Previous projets.-The original project was adopted by the act of March 2, 1867, and modified and extended by the river and harbor acts of July 5, 1884, and March 3, 1899. The cost and expenditures under this project, prior to operations under the existing project in 1906, were $334,425.32 for new work. For further details see page 1749 of Annual Report for 1915. Existing project.-This provides for a channel 16 to 18 feet deep at mean low water and 150 to 230 feet wide from Red Bridge up to the ledge rock between the wharves at Pawtucket, 3.2 miles; thence with same depths 100 to 60 feet wide through the ledge to Division Street Bridge, 0.2 mile. The mean tidal range is about 4.7 feet at the mouth of the river and about 5 feet at Pawtucket, and the maxi- mum ranges due to the combined effect of wind and other causes are about 8 and 7 feet, respectively. The estimate of cost for new work, revised in 1922, was $423,035, exclusive of amounts expended on previous projects but including the expenditure of funds contributed by the State of Rhode Island to the amount of $67,792. The latest (1928) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $10,000. The existing project was authorized by the following river and harbor acts: The act of March 3, 1905, provided for the 16-foot channel from Red Bridge, in Providence, to Division Street Bridge, in Pawtucket (H. Doc. No. 113, 56th Cong., 1st sess.); the act of March 3, 1909, authorized the expenditure of any balance remaining after the completion of work then under contract in deepening the channel to 18 feet at mean low water and increasing the width at such places as would best serve the interests of navigation; the act of March 2, 1919, provided for widening the channel except through the ledge at Pawtucket to 150 feet (H. Doc. No. 1283, 64th Cong., 1st sess. ; and the act of September 22, 1922, provided for the present width of channel through the ledge at Pawtucket (H. Doc. No. 654, 66th Cong., 2d sess.). The latest published map is in House Docu- ment No. 1283, Sixty-fourth Congress, first session. Recommnended modifcation of project.-None. RIVERS AND HARBORS--PROVIDENCE, R. I., DISTRICT 101 Local cooperation.-The river and harbor act of May 2, 1907, re- quired that the State of Rhode Island, or other agency, should con- tribute $67,792, which was complied with. The State of Rhode Island has also built a public wharf, 700 feet in extent, with a ware- house and suitable approaches, at a cost of about $234,000. Terminal facilities.-Including the terminals at and near Phillips- dale, five in number, these cover about 5,260 feet of docking space, of which 700 feet is owned by the State of Rhode Island and 4,560 feet owned and used by private owners. Of the latter, some portions are at times used by the public upon payment of wharfage. The wharves at Phillipsdale have near-by rail connections in the yards of the owners. The other wharves are not conveniently located for rail connection. The facilities are considered adequate for the existing commerce. (For further details see H. Doec. No. 652, 66th Cong., 2d sess.) Operationsand results duringl fiscal ear.-None. Condition at end of fiscal year.-The project was completed in 1927 at a saving of $17,454 under the estimated cost. The controlling depth at mean low water as determined in 1931 was 17 feet to Phillipsdale and thence 16 feet (not full width) to Division Street. The head of navigation is at the head of Pawtucket Falls, about 5.2 miles above the mouth of the river. The costs under the existing project have been $337,788.85 for new work, and $177,966.60 for maintenance, a total of $515,755.45, and the total expenditures $515,- 755.45. In addition, the sum of $67,792 was expended from con- tributed funds. P'ropoed operatione.--No funds are available. The sum of $65,000 can be profitably expended during the fiscal year 1934, to be applied to maintenance dredging, by contract, July- December, 19338, involving the removal of about 210,000 cubic yards. These funds will be required to restore project dimensions, prin- cipally in the upper reaches of the channel where the width is already somewhat restricted. This amount is in excess of the aver- age annual expenditure for maintenance during the preceding five years because such work has only been required at about 5-year intervals. Comnercial statistics.--The principal items of freight for the calendar year were petroleum products, coal, general package freight, steel rods, and copper bars, carried in steamers, motor vessels, and barges drawing from 7 to 18 feet. There was an increase in ton- nage of 10Y2 per cent over that reported for 1930, due to increased traffic in petroleum products and coal. Comparative statement Calendar year Tons Value Calendar year Tons Value 1927------------------- . ... 302, 535 $40, 835.649 1930-------------------- 7,442 $38, 572,741 1928.-------------------- 386, 626 46, 107,781 1931.----------- --------- 517,106 38,573,457 1929--------------------493,5 10 45,5 77,5 34 102 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGNEES, UT. S. AAMY, 19,32 Cost acl #anoial siumm9 Cost of new wark to June 80, 1932--------~,-.--. of nmaintena ce June 80, 1932. to ,..----,.-.-.-. ...-.- 61372,214.17 1.77, 9~0. .0 Total Ceqt of permanent work to June 30, 1.,. .. Q 8. 77 Net total expenditures...--------..-------------------- ------ 850, 18. 7 Total amount appropriated to June 30, 192-------------------- 850 180. 77 Fiscal year ending June 30 1928 .1929 1930 1931 1932 Cost of new work..------------------.--.. $60,846.44 .... ...........-----.---------.-------- opt ai ------- e........-......3..... 06$6,6.2 .. ------ -- ----------....... . Totl cot------------..............--------- 0, 708. 49 62, 63. -- ..... . ........... Total expended------------------- . 988........ 62782.41 3....... ...... .... Allotted------------------................... --- 72, 0000 ..... 9,032.72.................... ------------ Pau t th~t,cpn be profltably e peled in Ascal year e1g Jine,0, 1384, for maintenance - -----.---- -------------------- . $65,000 10. HARBOR OF REFUGE AT POINT JUDITI,R. I. The existing projept was cbmpleted in 1921 .t a saing of $166,033 under the estnm tted cost. No expenditures were made during the aeal year gd there are .nofunds available, No maintenance work is contemplated as the bre kwaters are in fair repair. For further details see.Annual Report for 19, page 105. Commercial statistes.-There are no commercial wharves in this harbor. The number of vessels reported as using the harbor for refuge is as follows: Comparative stateeen t f vessels of a ll classe seeking refuge in the harbor Calendar year Steamers Balling 3rges In Total 1927------------------------------------------ 452 i 154 41 171 818 1 ..... 198------------------------------------ 68 289 88 71 25 .08 426 6090 841 854 1930 ------------------------------------------- 49 75 8 948 1,080 1931----------------....--------------------------- 43 80 9 1,108 1,240 Cost and fnano~a sumoary Cost of new work to June 30, 1932_------ __ _--- -- _ -- $2, 371, 467. 55 host of maintenance to June 30, 1932------------------------ 463, 208. 73 Total cost of permanent work to June 30, 1932-------- 2, 834, 676. 28 Net total expenditures---------------------------------- 2, 834, 676. 28 Total amount appropriated to June 30, 1932_ --------- 2, 834, 676. 28 Fiscal year ending June 30 1928 1929 1930 1931 1932 Cost ofnew work---------..---------...----------------. Cost of maintenance-----------------$138, 768.19 $64,637.12---__-------------. Total expended............---------.. . 117, 468.01 87, 359. 71 ................................... -. Allotted--------------............... -$3, 024. 35 ........................ 1 Exclusive of $67,792 expended from contributed funds. RIVERS AflD HARBO DO-'k'DItXDBCE, . I., DIS iCI 1o 11. HARBOR OF REflFUGE AT BLOCK ISLAND, R. I. Locatieo and dorip8tioa.--Located on the east side of Block Island, near the south end of the inner curve of the shore line, and varies in width from about 1,200 to 200 feet in an easterly and west- erly direction in a length of about 1,800 feet north and south, and is protected from the southeast to north by breakwaters. It is 13 miles south-southwest from Point Judith Harbor and about 25 miles southeasterly from Stonington Harbor, Conn. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Chart No. 276.) Original dondaition---The site of the harbor was on the ocean shore, unprotected except by the shore line of the island, which formed a partial sheltei from southerly and westerly storms. There was no natural harbor on the island, and the small boats used by the fisher- men we~i hauled up on the beach by oxen for safety during storms. Previod s projects.-None. Existing project.-This provides for a rubble-mound breakwater extending northerly about 1,950 feet from the shore; a similar break- water about 1,100 feet long, extending northerly and easterly, inclos- ing, with the main breakwater, an area about 800 feet square desig- nated as the inner harbor; masonry walls in the southeastern corner of the inner harbor inclosing an area nearly 300 feet square desig- nated as the basin; and for dredging to a depth of 15 feet at mean low water the outer protected area and about 67 per cent of the inner harbor and of the basin. The mean tidal range is about 3 feet, and the maximum range, due to the combined effects of wind and other causes, is 7 feet or more. The estimate of cost for new work, revised in 1928, is $615,300. The latest (1928) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $3,000. The existing project was authorized by the following river and harbor acts: The act of July 11, 1870, provided for the main break- water (Annual Report for 1868, p. 785, and S. Misc. Doc. No. 81, 40th Cong., 2d sess.); the act of August 5 1886, provided for the breakwater inclosing the inner harbor (S. Doc. No. 27, 48th Cong., 2d sess., and Annual Report for 1885, p. 610) ; the act of June 3, 1896, provided for raising the crest of the main breakwater and making it sand tight (IH. Doc. No. 83, 54th Cong., 1st sess.) ; the act of July 25, 1912, made final provision for the basin walls and for the present dimensions of the dredged areas (H. Doc. No. 828, 60th Cong., 1st sess.). The latest published map is in the last-mentioned document. Recommended modifications of project.--It is recommended that this project be modified by eliminating the dredging of the outer harbor west of the entrance channel (H. Doc. No. 467, 69th Cong., 1st sess.). Local cooperation.---None. Terminal fawiitie.--These consist of one wharf publicly owned with about 500 feet of docking space and one privately owned and used with about 180 feet of docking space. In addition fishermen in small boats land their fares alongside the basin walls: (For further details see H. Doec. No. 652, $6th Coig., 2d sess.) Operations and results during fiscal year.--Maintenance dredging under contract was begun June 23, 1932, and was in progress at the 104 REPOPT O OH[EFO E0 !EERS, U. 4, ARBY, 193Z close of the fiscal year. During the period, 13,961 cubic yards were removed from the channel through the inner harbor, nearly complet- ing its maintenance. The costs were $5799.81, all applied to mainte- nance. The expenditures amounted to $773.85: .. Condition at end of final year,-The existing project is about 94 per cent completed. The breakwater and harbor walls were com- pleted in 1916. The inner harbor and basin have been dredged to proper dimensions and a channel 60 to 130 feet wide and 15 feet deep has been dredged from deep water outside of the harbor up to the town wharf. The controlling depth at mean low water on June 30, 1932, in the channel through the inner and outer harbors to the head of the basin was 15 feet except at the edges. The breakwaters and basin walls are in fair condition except that the inner harbor section of the main breakwater is not sand tight. To complete the project requires the deepening of the outer protected area adjacent to the dredged channel. The costs have been $576,856.47 for new work and $104,f93.19 for maintenance, a total of $681,049.66, and the expendi- tures a total of $676,023.70. Proposed operation.-It is proposed to apply the funds unex- pended on June 30, 1932, amounting to $6,843.04, as follows: Accounts payable June 30, 192-.------.------------------- $5, 025. 96 Maintenance: Dredging in inner harbor, under contract, in progress, to be com- pleted in July, 1932..- ------------------------------ 1, 373.72 Engineering and contingencies --- 443. 36 4---------------------- Total for all work-- .... .---..-----.. ------------------ 6, 843.04 No additional funds can be profitably expended during the fiscal year 1934, as the dredging in progress will leave the channel in good condition for about two years, and there is no present necessity for dredging the outer protected area. Commercial statistics.--The principal items of freight for the cal- endar year were general package freight, fish, and petroleum products carried in motor vessels and steamers drawing 7 to 10 feet. In addi- tion to the recorded traffic, there is a considerable tonnage of fish handled over the wharves, or passed in and out of the harbor on fishing boats, for which no data are available. There was an increase in tonnage of about 26 per cent over that reported for 1930, due to increased traffic in general package freight. Comparative statement Calendar Tons Value Passengers Calendar Tons Value Passengers year year 1927 .......... 6,183 $1,830,966 29,981 1930-.......... 6,333 $1,754,871 18,793 1928.......... 6, 651 1, 853, 971 92, 533 1931.......... 7, 971 2, 454, 170 87, 433 1929.......... 5, 451 1, 733, 129 42, 694 Cost and financial summary Cost of new work to June 80, 1932---------------------- $576, 856. 47 Cost of maintenance to June 30, 1982---------------------- .... 104,193.19 Total cost of permanent work to June 80, 1932---------- 681,049. 66 RIVERS AND HARBORS-PROVIDENCE, R. I., DISTRICT 105 Minus accounts payable June 30, 1932-- --.------- $5, 025. 96 -. Net total expenditures_.-L------------ ---.. -- 676, 023.70 Unexpended balance June 30, 1932 ---- ----------------------- 6,843.04 Total amount appropriated to June 30, 1932___----------- 682,866. 74 Fiscal year ending June 30 1928 1929 1930 1931 1932 Cost ofnew work------- ------------ Cost of maintenance------------------- $4,174.95 --------------------------------------- $8,192 44 ----------- $11, 793.65 $5, 799.81 Total expended------------..........--...-----------388.84 940.49 11, $333.50 11, 498.21 773. 85 Allotted..---.---------------------- 10, 000.00 -- --- 15, 700. 00.. ...-. Balance unexpended July 1, 1931 ------ _----------- ----- $7, 616. 89 Gross amount expended-------------------------------------- 773.85 Balance unexpended June 30, 1932_ -__- ------------ 6, 843.04 Outstanding liabilities June 30, 1932---- -------- $5, 025.96 Amount covered by uncompleted contracts ..---- ----- -600. 51 5, 626. 47 Balance available June 30, 1932---... -------------------- 1, 216. 57 Amount (estimated) required to be appropriated for completion of existing project ---------------------------------------- 38, 500. 00 12. GREAT SALT POND, BLOCK ISLAND, R. I. This project is about 34 per cent completed. There are no funds available, and no expenditures were made during the fiscal year. No work is now proposed, as the improvement appears to be in condition to meet the requirements of existing commerce. For further de- tails see Annual Report for 1924, page 90. Commercial statistics.--The principal items of freight for the cal endar year were coal, fish, petroleum products, and general package freight, carried in motor vessels and barges drawing from 7 to 10 feet. There was a decrease in tonnage of about 42 per cent from that reported for 1930, due to decreased traffic in fish and general package freight. Comparative statement Calendar Tons Value Passengers Calendar Tons Value Passengers 1927..--------....... 3, 037 $490, 342 18, 400 1930-----------.......... 6, 341 $595, 954 22, 260 1928.......... 3, 057 201, 462 11, 188 1931....---------- 3, 671 196,283 4, 560 1929--........------.. 4, 054 315, 061 22, 535 Cost and flnancial summary Cost of new work to June 30, 1932---- -------------------- $189,036. 65 Cost of maintenance to June 80, 1932- . .------------------ 24,173.03 Total cost of permanent work to June 30, 1932 -_-.- ... 213, 209. 68 Net total experditures---------------------------------- 213, 209.68 Total amount appropriated to June 30, 1932__----------------- 213, 209. 68 Amount (estimated) - -required to be appropriated for completion - - - - - - - - - - - -- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -- - of existing project 370, 000. 00 1 Exclusive of available funds. 106 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1932 13. PAWCATUCK RIVER, R. I. AND CONN. Location and description.-Formed by the junction of the Wood and Charles Rivers in southwestern Rhode Island and flows westerly and southerly 18 miles and enters Little Narragansett Bay about 13 miles east of New London Harbor. Its drainage area is about 313 square miles. The mean annual fresh-water discharge is about 475 second-feet. The lower 9 miles is the boundary between Rhode Island and Connecticut. The river is tidal to Westerly, R. I., 5 miles from the mouth. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Charts Nos. 358 and 1211.) Original condition.-The minimum usable low-water depth was 1/ 4 feet through the bay; in the river the depth was 1 to 11/2 feet and the channel was crooked and obstructed by numerous shoals and rocks. The head of navigation was and is at Westerly, 5 miles above the mouth. Previous projects.-The original project was adopted by the river and harbor act of March 3, 1871, and modified by the river and harbor act of August 5, 1886. The cost and expenditure prior to the adoption of the existing project in 1896, and exclusive of $35,856.96 expended on the improvement of Little Narragansett Bay between 1876 and 1884, were $97,500.01, all applied to new work. For fur- ther details see page 1752 of Annual Report for 1915. Existi g project.-This provides for a channel in Little Narragan- sett Bay and in the river 10 feet deep at mean low water and 200 feet wide from Stonington to Avondale, about 4 miles; 100 feet wide from Avondale to the lower wharves at Westerly, about 3 miles; and 40 feet wide between the lower and upper wharves of Westerly, about one-half mile; and for the removal of obstructions at Watch Hill, at the southeastern part of the Little Narragansett Bay. The mean tidal range is 2.6 feet at the mouth of the river and 2.3 feet at the head of navigation, and the maximum range, due to the combined effect of wind and other causes, is 7 feet or more. The estimate of cost for new work, revised in 1928, is $150,000, exclusive of amounts expended on previous projects. The latest (1928) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $3,000. The existing project was authorized by the following river and harbor acts: The act of June 3, 1896, provided for the present chan- nel dimensions (H. Doc. No. 62, 54th Cong., 1st sess.); the act of March 3, 1905, provided for the removal of obstructions at Watch Hill. The latest published map is in the project document. Recommended mod fications of project.--None. Local cooperation.-None required by law. In 1875-76 wharf owners contributed about $2,000, one-half of the expense, for dredg- ing in the upper end of the improvement. In 1929, local interests expended about $18,000 for removing bowlders and easing bends in the river channels. Obstructive bowlders have been removed from the bay at Watch Hill by the Watch Hill Improvement Association at a cost of $1,025. Terminal facilities.--There are at present in commercial use eight bulkhead and pile wharves located near the head of navigation at Westerly and Pawcatuck. These wharves are all privately owned, but at least two are open to public use on equal terms. There is on theriver an old wharf to which the town of Westerly claims title, RIVERS AND HARBORS-PROVIDENCE, R. I., DISTRICT 107 but the structure is in poor condition and has not been used for many years. There are several other old and unused wharves at Westerly and along the river. The wharves in use have no direct connection with the railroad, but access may be had to all over im- proved highways. The facilities are considered adequate for the present commerce. (For further details see H. Doc. No. 652, 66th Cong., 2d sess.) Operations and results d ring fiscal year.-None. Condition at end of flcal year.-The existing project is about 57 per cent completed. The channels have been dredged to project dimensions, except that the channel in the bay has a general width of 100 feet, the channel in the river at Pawcatuck Rocks a width of 80 feet, and there is a slight deficiency in depth at the channel edges in the vicinity of Rhodes Folly Beacon, due to ledge rock or large bowlders deeply embedded in the bottom. The most obstructive bowlders in the vicinity of Watch Hill have been removed, the work being completed in 1913. The controlling depths as determined in 1932 are about 9 feet to the head of navigation at Westerly and 6 feet to Watch Hill. The work required to complete the project is the widening of the channel to 200 feet to Avondale and the removal of rock at Pawcatuck Rocks and in the vicinity of Rhodes Folly Beacon. The costs under the existing project have been $85,335.10 for new work and $82,849.52 for maintenance, a total of $168,184.62, and the expenditures a total of $168,184.62. Proposed operations.-No funds are available. When the cost of the work is more definitely known, it is proposed to allot funds for redredging the channel through Little Narragansett Bay and the river under contract, about 105,000 cubic yards during the period September to December, 1932. No additional funds can be profitably expended during the fiscal year 1934, since the completion of the above dredging will leave the channel in good condition for several years, and there is no necessity for widening the channel below Avondale. Commercial statistcs.-The items of freight for the calendar year were coal and petroleum products, carried mostly in barges and motor vessels drawing from 8 to 10 feet. There was a decrease in tonnage of 24 per cent from that reported for 1930 due to decreased receipts of coal and no receipts of lumber. Comparative statement Calendar year Tons Value Calendar year Tons Value 1927---------------- ----- 26,999 $237,918 1930 --------------------- 25,466 $341,063 1928--------------------- 23,589 297, 865 1931-------------.-------- 19,388 245,632 1929--------------------- 25,350 370, 647 Cost and ftnancial awmnary Cost of new work to June 30, 1932------------_----, $182, 835. 11 Cost of maintenance to June 30, 1932------ ----------- 82, 849. 52 Total cost of permanent work to June 30, 1932___---- _ 265, 684. 63 Net total expenditures------------------------------------ 265, 684.63 Total amount appropriated to June 30, 1932------------- -- 265, 684. 63 108 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENOINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 11932 Fiscal year ending June 30 1928 1929 1930 193i 1932 Cost of new work........ ................... 5 2 . Cost of maintenance-----------------$3,107.03 $410.77 . _.__ _ -_ Total expended---------------------- 560.95j 2, *4733 $9.52- ----------- Allotted,...-.......--- 2,900. 00 ------ -715. 37 ................. Amount (estimated) required to be appropriated for completion of existing project-- ---------------------------------------------- $64, 600 14. MYSTIC RIVER, CONN. Except for slight deficiencies in width above the highway bridge at Mystic, the project was completed in 1913. No expenditures were made during the fiscal year and there are no funds available. No 'work is now proposed, as the channels are in good condition and appear to meet the demands of the present commerce. (For further details see Annual Report for 1919, p. 204.) Commercial statistics.-The principal items of freight for the calendar year were coal and refined petroleum products, carried in barges and steamers, drawing 10 to 14 feet. There was a decrease in tonnage of about 4.5 per cent from that reported for 1930, due to decreased receipts of coal. There is a local fishing fleet of about 75 vessels, about 20 per cent of which have a draft of 8 to 10 feet. It is estimated that 5,000 tons of fish are landed by the fleet at Noank and Mystic during the season. Comparative statement Calendar year Tons Value Calendar year Tons Value 1927.-------------------- 22,240 $655,542 20, 745 $480, 1930.....------.........--------------- 962 1928-----.-------------- 20, 810 642,912 1931---------------------- 19,795 461,929 22,257 451,228 1929--.....--------........----------....... Cost and finanoial summary Cost of new work to June 30, 1932--- -_ -- -------- $48, 125. 50 Cost of maintenance to June 30, 1932--------------------------- 134. 50 Total cost of permanent work to June 30, 1932----------- 48, 260. 00 Net total expenditures _ -------------------------- 48, 260.00 Total amount appropriated to June 30, 1932____________________ 48, 260. 00 Amount (estimated) required to be appropriated for completion of existing project-------------------------- 2, 600. 00 15. NEW LONDON HARBOR, CONN. Location and description.-This harbor is on the north shore of Long Island Sound, at its eastern end, and about 14 miles east of the mouth of the Connecticut River. It comprises the lower 3 miles of the Thames River, including Shaws and Winthrops Coves, both lying on the westerly side near its head, and is from about one- fourth to 11/4 miles wide. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Chart No. 293.) RIVERS AND HARBORS--PROVIDENCE, r. I., DISTRICT 109 Original condition.-The minimum usable low-water depth in the main channel to the head of the harbor was 26 feet for a width from about one-eighth to one-half mile; along the New London wharf front, 10 to 15 feet; in Shaws Cove, 21/2 to 8 feet; and in Winthrops Cove, 7 to 14 feet. Previous projeots.-The original project was adopted by the river and harbor act of June 14, 1880, as a part of the improvement of the Thames River and as a separate project by the river and harbor act of March 3, 1881. A project for Shaws Cove, as a part of the improvement of the Thames River, was adopted by the river and harbor act of July 13, 1892. The cost and expenditures prior to the adoption of the existing project in 1902 were $19,800 applied to new work in New London Harbor and $21,000 applied to new work in Shaws Cove, a total of $40,800. For further details see page 1753 of Annual Report for 1915. Existing project.-This provides for an entrance channel 600 feet wide, 33 feet deep, and about 31/2 miles long from Long Island Sound to the natural deep water in the upper harbor; a channel 400 feet or more in width, 23 feet deep, and about 6,000 feet long skirting the water front of the city; and for dredging Shaws Cove to a depth of 15 feet. The plane of reference is mean low water, the mean tidal range being 2.4 feet. The maximum tidal range, due to the com- bined effects of wind and other causes, is 7 feet or more. The esti- mate of cost for new work, revised in 1928, is $543,000, exclusive of amounts expended on previous projects. The latest (1914) ap- proved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $3,300. The existing project was authorized by the following river and harbor acts: The act of June 13, 1902, provided for the water-front channel (H. Doc. No. 392, 56th Cong., 1st sess.); the act of June 25, 1910, provided for dredging in Shaws Cove (H. Doc. No. 329, 60th Cong., 1st sess.); the act of July 27, 1916, provided for the entrance channel (H. Doc. No. 613, 63d Cong., 2d sess.). The latest published map is in the last-mentioned document. Recommended modifaotions of project.-None. Local cooperation.-Pursuantto a provision in the river and har- bor act of July 27, 1916, requiring local cooperation precedent to the expenditure of funds appropriated in accordance with the report in House Document No. 613, Sixty-third Congress, second session, the State of Connecticut has completed at an expense of approximately $1,000,000 the essential portions of its terminal development, con- sisting of a pier 1,000 feet by 200 feet in size, provided with approach channels and vessel berths, affording depths of 35 feet at mean low water, and equipped with storage warehouse, cargo-handling, and railroad facilities. Expenditure of funds appropriated by the above act was authorized by the Secretary of War September 8, 1916. Terminal facilities.-The wharves served by this improvement are, with few exceptions, of pile and timber construction. The total de- veloped shore frontage is nearly 3 miles. The total length of berth- ing space available is about 19,755 feet, of which 2,920 is owned by the State and the municipalities. Of the remaining 16,835 feet, 6,700 feet are open to public use. Several other wharves are owned or leased by Government agencies for departmental uses. About 36 per cent of the terminals have railroad connections and transfer 110 REPOET OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1933 facilities. The facilities are considered adequate for the existing commerce. (For further details see H. Doc, No. 652, I6th Cong., 2d sess., and Port Series No. 18, Corps of Engineers.) Operations and resutts d.ring focal year.--There were no opera- tions, no costs, and no expenditures. Condition at end of fiscal year.-The existing project is about 86 per cent completed. The channels along the water front and in Shaws Cove were completed in 1913. The entrance channel is about 83 per cent completed. To complete the project requires the further deepening of the entrance channel. The controlling depths at mean low water are: Main channel from entrance to State Terminal, about 30 feet in the central 400 feet of width; channel along the water front, except in Winthrops Cove, about 20 feet; Winthrops Cove, 24 feet, all as ascertained in 1930; Shaws Cove, 9 to 14 feet, ascertained in 1927. The costs under the existing project have been $467,487.35 for new work and $29,514.22 for maintenance, a total of $497,001.57, and the total expenditures, $497,001.57. Proposed operations.-It is proposed to apply the funds unex- pended on June 30, 1932, amounting to $234.92, together with an allotment to be made when the cost of the work is more definitely known, to completing the project and to maintenance by dredging, under contract, involving the removal of about 677,000 cubic yards from the entrance channel during the period September, 1932--March, 1933. No additional funds can be profitably expended during the fiscal year 1934, as the above work will complete the project, and the chan- nels will be in condition to meet the requirements of traffic for at least one more year. Commercial statistics.-The principal items of freight for the cal- endar year were general steamboat freight (including a considerable tonnage of sugar, crude rubber, and copper), coal, petroleum prod- ucts, lumber, automobiles, stone, and fish, carried in steamers, motor vessels, barges, and schooners drawing from 9 to 26 feet. Pacific coast lumber was carried principally in steamers and motor vessels drawing 24 to 26 feet, while practically all other traffic was handled on a draft of less than 20 feet. There was a decrease in tonnage of about 10 per cent from that reported for 1930, due to decreased traffic in coal and in general steamboat freight carried by regular transportation lines. Comparative statement Calendar Calendar Tons alue Passengers year Tons Value Passengers year ons Value Pasengers 1927--------...... 766,654 $261, 811,296 165, 475 1930--------........ 641, 667 $173, 503, 335 164,181 1928--------........ 686, 924 237, 769, 095 434, 512 1931--------........ 576, 711 118, 095, 386 121, 006 1929--------........ 738, 901 250, 643, 867 172, 660 Cost and flnanoia summary Cost of new work to June 30, 1932-------- ------ ----- - $508, 287. 35 Cost of maintenance to June 30, 1932_ ..... 29,514. 22 Total cost of permanent work to June 30, 1932----------- 587, 801. 57 RIVERS AND HARBORS--PROVIDENCE, R. I., DISTRICT 111 Net total expenditures..._--------------------------------$537, 801. 57 Unexpended balance June 30, 1932------------------------------ 234. 92 Total amount appropriated to June 30, 1932-------- ------ 538, 086. 49 Fiscal year ending June 30 1928 1929 1930 1931 1932 Cost of new work------------------------- ---------- ------------------------ Cost of maintenance---------------------$218.17----------- 591.01 $10.56---------- Total expended------ -------------- ------ 218. 17 $20.55 20, 570. 46 10. 56 ----------- Allotted.....-------------------------------------- 20,000. 00 4, 836.49 -4,000. 00' .......... Balance unexpended July 1, 1931------ ----------------- $234. 92 Balance unexpended June 30, 1962----------------------- ---- 234. 92 amount (estimated) required to be appropriated for completion of 1- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -- existing project 75, 500. 00 16. THAMES RIVER, CONN. Location and description.-This is a tidal estuary varying in width from about 400 feet to three-fourths of a mile, and extending from the junction of the Yantic and Shetucket Rivers at Norwich, Conn., 15 miles southerly to Long Island Sound at New London. The im- provement includes the upper 12 miles, the lower 3 miles being included under New London Harbor. The drainage area is about 1,473 square miles. The average discharge of the river at Norwich approximates 2,500 second-feet. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Sur- vey Chart No. 359.) Original condition.-The minimum usable low-water depths and widths were: New London to Bartletts Crossover, 4 miles, 26 feet deep and 250 feet wide; Bartletts Crossover to Allyns Point, 2 miles, 13 feet deep and 300 feet wide; and thence 6 miles to the head of navigation at Norwich, about 6 feet deep and generally narrow. Previous projects.-The original project was adopted by the river and harbor act of July 4, 1836, and modified by the river and harbor act of March 3, 1879, to provide a depth of 14 feet at mean low water. The cost and expenditures prior to operations under the existing project in 1882 were $184,943.46, of which $148,347.59 was for new work and $36,595.87 was for maintenance. For further details see page 1754 of Annual Report for 1915. esting proect.--This provides for a channel 25 feet deep and 250 feet wide to the upper end of Bartletts Crossover and thence 200 feet wide to Allyns Point; thence 18 feet deep and 200 feet wide to Norwich; the construction of five training walls, with their tops at mean high water, located, respectively, at Mohegan, pile and stone, about 2,750 feet long; Trading Cove, riprap, 2,325 feet long; Long Rock, riprap, about 2,750 feet long; Rolling Mill, riprap, about 3,300 feet long; and Norwich, riprap, 1,050 feet long; and the re- moval of obstructions in the Shetucket River at Norwich. The plane of reference is mean low water, the mean tidal range being 2.4 feet at New London, 2.7 feet at Allyns Point, and 2.5 feet at Norwich. The maximum range, due to the combined effect of wind and other causes, is 7 feet or more. 1 Exclusive of available funds. 140960--ENG 1932----- 8 112 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1932 The estimate of cost for new work, revised in 1930, is $818,200, exclusive of amounts expended on previous projects. The latest (1930) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $24,300. The existing project was authorized by the following river and harbor acts: The act of August 2, 1882, provided for the training walls and for the present channel widths above Allyns Point (An- nual Report for 1882, p. 606); the act of March 2, 1907, provided for a depth of 20 feet to Allyns Point (H. Doc. No. 265, 59th Cong., 2d sess.) ; the act of June 25, 1910, provided for removal of obstructions in the Shetucket River (H. Doc. No. 397, 61st Cong., 2d sess.); the act of January 21, 1927, provided for the present channel depth above Allyns Point (H. Doc. No. 107, 69th Cong., 1st sess.); and the act of July 3, 1930, provided for the present channel dimensions ,up to Allyns Point (R. & H. Com. Doc. No. 14, 71st Cong., 2d sess.). The latest published maps are in the above-mentioned documents. Recommended modifiations of project.-None. Local cooperation.-No conditions for local cooperation were pre- scribed by law at the time of the adoption or modification of the project. In 1835-36 the Merchants Bank of Norwich expended $3,679 in dredging channels in the vicinity of Norwich. Terminal facilities.-Wharves along the river and at Norwich are mainly of the bulkhead type, both with and without pile aprons. Of these, four along the river and one at Norwich have direct railroad connection and transfer facilities. There is a municipal wharf at Norwich not provided with cargo-handling machinery. Eight or more of the privately owned wharves along the river and at Nor- wich are open to the public on equal terms, but not all of these are in commercial use at the present time. The facilities are considered adequate for the existing commerce. (For further details see H. Doc. No. 652, 66th Cong., 2d sess.) Operations and results during fiscal year.-There were no opera- tions nor expenditures. The costs were -- $7,628 for new work. Condition at end of fiscal year.-The existing project is about 78 per cent completed. The training walls were completed in 1906, except the upper end of the Rolling Mill Dike, which is replaced by adjacent shore improvements. The channels have been dredged to 200 feet width, 20 feet deep up to Allyns Point; thence 18 feet deep to Norwich; and the obstructions in Shetucket River have been removed. The training walls are in fair condition. To complete the project requires the widening and deepening of the channel below Allyns Point. The controlling depth at mean low water on June 30, 1931, was 20 feet to Allyns Point, thence 18 feet to Norwich; and thence 12 feet on the Shetucket River up to the town wharf. The costs under the project have been $627,279.27 for new work and $206,395.13 for maintenance, a total of $833,674.40, and the total ex- penditures, $833,674.40. Proposed operations.-No funds are available. The sum of $269,000 can be profitably expended during the fiscal year 1934, as follows: New work, dredging below Allyns Point, by contract, July-December, 1933, 667,000 cubic yards$16--------------------------------- , 000 Maintenance, dredging above Allyns Point, by contract, during the spring of 1934, 300,000 cubic yards ---------------------- 100, 000 Total for all work----...-. ------- - - 269, 000 RIVERS A:ND HARBORS--PROVIDENCE, R. I., DISTRICT 113 The work below Allyns Point will complete the authorized proj- ect. Above Allyns Point maintenance dredging will be necessary to remove shoals formed since the completion of the 18-foot channel in 1930. The amount for maintenance is in excess of the average expenditure for that purpose during the preceding five years because maintenance operations are usually undertaken at four or five year intervals. Comnmercial statistiso.--The principal items of freight for the cal- endar year were coal, stone, petroleum products, and general package freight, carried in steamers, motor vessels, and barges drawing from 9 to 21 feet. There was an increase in tonnage of about 25 per cent over that reported for 1930, due to shipments of stone and increased traffic in general package freight, while tonnage for coal and petro- leum products showed a decrease. Comparative statement Calendar Tons Value Passengers Calendar Tons Value Passengers 1927--------........ 417, 463 $18, 169, 040 ------------ 1930------- ....... 359, 640 $11, 370, 143 3, 127 1928-------- 331, 013 16, 010, 727 2, 700 1931-------........ 449,147 14, 623, 507 ... 1929--------....... 361, 129 15, 050, 370 4, 989 Cost and financial summary Cost of new work to June 30, 1932 -_-_--------. __--- -- $775, 626. 86 Cost of maintenance to June 30, 1932__. ---- -- _----------- 242, 991. 00 Total cost of permanent work to June 30, 1932__--- --... 1,018,617. 86 Net total expenditures---------------------------_-__ 1,018,617.86 Total amount appropriated to June 30, 1932_ ___--_ _-- 1, 018, 617.86 Fiscal year ending June 30 1928 1929 1930 1931 1932 Cost of new work-----..........------.........------....... $126.67 $99,504.64 $148,939.08 $88,170.33 -$7, 628.00 Cost of maintenance---------------------- 16, 104.57 214. 33 .........------------... 42, 987. 15 . Total cost..,-.......-. .-------341. 00 99, 504. 64 165, 043. 65 131, 157. 48 -7, 628.00 Total expended---...........---------------- 347. 05 64, 739. 03 177, 865. 02 145,473.72 - Allotted.----..-----.--.-...-..... - 285, 000.00-....-..... 90, 000. 00 23, 000. 00 -12, 782.14 Balance unexpended July 1, 1931 ------------------------- $12, 782.14 Deductions on account of revocation of allotment..-.------------ 12, 782.14 Amount (estimated) required to be appropriated for completion of existing project..------------------------------- ----- 191, 000.00 Amount that can be profitably expended in fiscal year ending June 30, 1934: For new work---------------...--- ------...---------------- 169,000.00 For maintenance--- ---- ----------------- ---------- 100, 000. 00 Total------- ------------------------------------ 269, 000.00 17. CONNECTICUT RIVER ABOVE HARTFORD, CONN. Location and decription.-This river has its source in Connecticut Lake, in northern New Hampshire, flows southerly 380 miles, and empties into Long Island Sound at Saybrook, Conn., 14 miles west 114 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1932 of New London. Hartford, now the head of commercial navigation, is 51.9 miles by channel from the mouth. A dam at Holyoke, 34 miles above Hartford, completely interrupts navigation. The drain- age area is about 11,845 square miles, and the: average discharge in secondifeet: At Holyoke, low waters 2,600; high water, 71,000. At Hartford, low water, 5,000; 20-foot freshet, 101,000. On low stages tidal fluctuation extends a short distance above Hartford, with a mean rise and fall at Saybrook of 3.4 feet, and at Hartford, 1.2 feet. The average fall per mile is: Holyoke to Hartford, 1.2 feet; Hart- ford to mouth, 0.053 foot. The width at the mouth is about 3,000 feet; at Hartford, 1,000 feet; at Holyoke, 900 feet. (See U. S. Geological Survey map of Massachusetts, Rhode Island, and Con- necticut.) Orignal condition.-The minimum usable low-water depth was about 2 feet for 101/2 miles from Hartford to the foot of Enfield Rapids, 5% miles long, where navigation was interrupted; thence 18 miles to Holyoke the available depth was about 5 feet. About 100 years ago commercial navigation extended to Wells River, Vt., 250 miles above the mouth, by means of locks and canals around the various rapids. Previous projects.--None. Improvement was authorized by river and harbor act of July 11, 1870, and was prosecuted by the construc- tion of wing dams, and on one occasion by dredging under plans described in the Annual Reports of the Chief of Engineers for 1871, page 761, and 1881, page 565. The costs and expenditures, includ- mg surveys for a comprehensive project, have been $116,324.81 for new work and $14,373.54 for maintenance, a tal of $130,698.35. E1sting project.-This provides for channel from Hartford, Conn., to Holyoke, Mass., 321/2 miles, 2 feet deep at mean low water, summer stage (with' increase in depth-of .:4 feet through the Enfield pool) and generally 1ILfeet wide, to be secured by the construction of a lock and dam near Hartford, the construction of a lock and dam by private interests at Enfield Rapids, the lengthening of this lock by the United States, ana byredging and suitable regu- lating works, subject to the conditions "that the Bulkley, or Me- morial Bridge across the Connecticut River at Hartford shall not be disturbed, and that the lock and dam referred to in Rivers and Har- bors Committee Document No. 36, Seventy-first Congress, second session, as to be built near the city of Hartford shall not be con- structe:so near said city as to in any wa r disturb city improvements or otherwise interfere with the said city.' The mean tidal fluctuation on low stages is 1.2 feet at Hartford, diminishing to zero near Bissels Ferry, about 7 miles upstream. The usual rise at Hartford, due to spring freshets, is between 16 and 24 feet above mean low water and at Springfield 10 to 15 feet above mean low water. The maximum recorded freshet at Hartford (May, 1854) was 27.8 feet above mean low water and at Springfield about 25 feet above the ordinary sumer stage of that year. Occasional freshets of short duration mayccur during the remainder of the year. The estimate of cost for new work, made in 1930, is $3,384,000, exclusive of amounts expended on previous projects. The expendi- ture authorized on the project is $1,000,000. The latest (1930) ap- RIVERS AND HARBORS--PROVIDENCE, R. I., DISTRICT 115 proved estimate for annual cost of maintenance and operation is $85,000. The existing project was authorized by the river and harbor act of July 3, 1930 (Rivers and Harbors Committee Doc. No. 36, 71st Cong., 2d sess.). For map see House Document No. 417, Sixty-fourth Congre first session. Recommended modifications of project.--None. Local cooperation.-The river and harbor act of July 3, 1930, adopted the existing project subject to the following conditions: (a) That construction shall not be begun until the Secretary of War is satisfied- (1) That the work at Enfleld Rapids under license issued by the Federal Power Commission will be completed. (2) That the bridges will be modified to provide free, easy, and unobstructed navigation as required under existing law, and that such modification will be completed substantially at the same time as the work on the improvement. b) That the cities of Springfield, Holyoke, and Chicopee shall make suitable| pr vision for terminal facilities satisfactory to the Secretary of War. These conditions have not been met. Preliminary engineering work has been done on the lock and dam at Enfield Rapids and studies made for the alteration of the bridges. On September 30, 1931, the Federal Power Commission canceled the license of the Northern Connecticut Power Co. for the Enfield Rapids project. About 1830 a dam 1,500 feet long and canal 5.3 miles long, with 4 locks, were built at Enfield Rapids by the Connecticut River Co., at a cost reported as about $1,000,000. The canal is maintained by that company primarily for power uses. The locks are about 19.5 by ~fet, with 3-foot depth at lower-lock ll at low water. Iur- ing 1909 and 194bars between Hartford and Windsor Locks were dredged by the Springfield Navigation Co. to provide a channel about 3 feet deep and 35 feet wide, at a cost of $5,100. 'Between 1891 and 1926 theCommonwealthi o Massachusetts and local interests have constructed shore-protective works at Chicopee, Springfield, West Springfield, Agawam, and-near the Holyoke Dam at a total cost of over $77,000. Terminal facilities.--In the absence of commercial navigation, ter- minal facilities are limited to a few small landings for excursion steamers in the pool above EnfieldIiam. (For further details see H. Doc. No. 652, ong., 2dsess.) Operations and resalts during fiscal year.-There were no opera- tions, no costs, and no expenditures. Condition at end of fiscal year.-No work has been done under the existing project. Under previous authorizations several wing dams were constructed prior to 1886, and some dredging was done in 1873. One of these wing dams became an obstruction to navigation and was removed in 1914. Two obstructive shoals at Springfield have been removed. The controlling depth is about 2% feet at low water in the section below Enfield Rapids. There have been neither costs nor expenditures under the project. Proposed operations.-No funds are available and none can be profitably expended during the fiscal year 1934, as the conditions of local cooperation have not been complied with. 116 REPORT OF .CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1932 Commercial statistics.--No commerce was reported for the last year. The only navigation was 47 pleasure boats which passed through the canal of the Northern Connecticut Power Co. at Windsor Locks, Conn. Cost and financial smmary Cost of new work to June 30, 1932 -----.--------- $116, 324. 81 .----- Cost of maintenance to June 30, 1932 -------------------------- 14, 373. 54 Total cost of permanent work to June 30, 1932-------- 130, 698. 35 Net total expenditures- ----------------- 130, 698.35 ..-_-_ Total amount appropriated to June 30, 1932--- -__-___ 130, 698. 35 Fiscal year ending June 30 1928 1929 1930 1931 1932 Cost of new work .------ .----------------- Cost of maintenance--_----------------- $433.567 $939.97----------------------------- Total expended...------------------------- 433. 57 939. 97 .---.. ----------------- Allotted ---- -500. ----.............-.... 00 1, 500. 00 -$626. 46 ------------------- Amount (estimated) required to be appropriated for completion of existing project--------- ------------------------- $1, 000, 000 18. CONNECTICUT RIVER BELOW HARTFORD, CONN. Location and description.-See description under preceding report. Also see United States Coast and Geodetic Survey Charts Nos. 215, 254, 255, and 256. Original condition.-The minimum usable low-water depth was 7 feet over the bar at Saybrook, thence about 5 feet to Hartford, 51.9 miles from the mouth, Previous projects.-The original project was adopted by the river and harbor act of July 4, 1836, and a second project which was modi- fied in 1872, 1881, 1887, and 1889 was adopted by the river and har- bor act of July 11, 1870.1 The cost and expenditures prior to opera- tions under the existing project in 1911 were $287,374.29 for new work and $366,348.47 for maintenance, a total of $653,722.76. For further details see page 1754 of Annual Report for 1915. Existing project.-This provides for a channel 300 feet wide, 15 feet deep at mean low water, and about 0.6 mile long, across the bar at the mouth, and thence 100 feet wide and 12 feet deep at mean low water (2 feet on the Hartford gage) for 51.3 miles to Hartford; the channels to be obtained by dredging and the construction of dikes, training walls, revetments, and accessory works; for two riprap jetties at the mouth of the river, the tops to be 5 feet above high water and 6 feet wide, the easterly one about 2,300 feet and the westerly about 2,250 feet in length; and for a training dike about 3,700 feet long at Hartford. The mean tidal range is 3.4 feet at the mouth and, on low water, 1.2 feet at Hartford. The maximum tidal range at the mouth, due to wind or other causes, is 8 feet or more. For extreme fluctuation of stage at Hartford see this paragraph under preceding report. 1Estimated cost of project $3,384,000; expenditures limited by law to $1,000,000. RIVERS AND ARBORS--PRO VIDENCE, R. I., DISTRICT 117 The estimate of cost for new work, revised in 1917, is $388,000, exclusive of amounts expended on previous projects. The latest (1928) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $20,000. The existing project was authorized by the following river and harbor acts: The act of June 10, 1872, provided for the jetties at the mouth (present dimensions approved by the Chief of Engineers December 22, 1887) ; the act of March 3, 1881, provided for the Hart- ford Dike (present dimensions authorized by the Chief of Engineers in 1889); the act of February 27, 1911, provided for the present channel dimensions (H. Doc. No. 1294, 61st Cong., 3d sess.) ; and the act of March 2, 1919 made final provisions for the dikes, training walls, revetments, and accessory works (H. Doc. No. 132, 65th Cong., 1st sess.). For latest published map see Annual Report for 1913, page 1602, and the last-mentioned document. Recomr ended modifications of project.-None. Local cooperation.-No conditions for local cooperation were pre- scribed by law at the time of the adoption of the project. On various occasions between 1884 and 1904, when funds for maintenance were lacking or insufficient, channels through the various bars sufficient to pass a regular line of steamboats were maintained by dredging by the Hartford & New York Transportation Co. at a cost of $28,384.18. Previous to 1868 dredging and regulation work were done by private and municipal interests at a cost in excess of $93,000. Terminal facilities.-There are two or three wharves of the bulk- head type at each of the river towns, one or more in each town being open to public use. At Hartford and at Middletown there is approx- imately one-half mile of wharf frontage along the west bank of the river. The town of Cromwell and the cities of Hartford and Middle- town each own or lease wharf property. Rail connection and trans- fer facilities are available at Middletown, Portland, and Hartford. The facilities are considered adequate for existing commerce. (For further details see H. Doc. No. 652, 66th Cong., 2d sess.) Operations and results during fiscal year.--Under a contract for maintenance, in progress at the beginning of the fiscal year, the channels through the river bars were restored to project depth and widths of 50 to 100 feet. The total length of channel thus dredged was about 13,910 feet and a total of 40,262 cubic yards was removed. The cost of this dredging was $13,546.90 all applied to maintenance. The total net yardage removed under the contract after correction to deductions provided for in the specifications was 49,239. Contract dredging for maintenance, in progress at the close of the fiscal year, removed 3,476 cubic yards of material from Pistol Point Bar at a cost of $1,032.46, applied to maintenance. Using hired labor and plant minor repairs were made to the revetments at Cys Hollow and Crow Point, using 163.9 tons of stone. The costs for this work were $276.56, applied to maintenance. Five snags were removed from the channel at Clay Banks and Two Piers Bars at a cost of $234.92, applied to maintenance. The total costs were $15,090.84 for maintenance and the total expenditures were $17,022.99. Condition at etd of fiscal year.--The existing project is over 99 per cent completed. The channel from the mouth to Hartford was com- pleted in 1914. The Saybrook jetties and training walls at Hartford, Clay Banks, and Sears Shoal were completed in 1915. The stone 118 REFPOT OF CBHIEF OF ENGINEEBS, U. S. ARMY, 1932 dikes and timber spurs at Pistol Point, Glastonbury, Press Barn, Naubuc, Cys Hollow and Clay Banks were completed in 1927. The Clay Banks, Cys Hollow, Naubuc, Press larn, Glastonbury (iniilud- ingTwo Piers), and Gildersleeve Island Reaches have been revetted. The jetties, training walls, dikes, and revetments are in fair condi- tion, except that the east jetty at Saybrook needs extensive repairs; minor repairs are needed to the west jetty and to some of the other structures above named. The channel dimensions are somewhat diminished. On June 30, 1932, the controlling depths at mean low water were 16 feet across the bar at the mouth, thence about 10.5 feet to Hartford. To com- plete the project requires the construction of a small amount of addi- tional permanent works. The costs under the existing project have been $386,096.72 for new work and $485,757.05 for maintenance, a total of $871,853.77, and the total expenditures $870,956.50. Proposed operatios .-- It is proposed to apply the funds unex- pended June 30, 1932, amounting to $21,431.43, as follows: Accounts payable June 36, 1932 -------------------------- ..... $897. 27 Maintenance: Dredging on river bars, under contract, in progress, to be completed about September, 1932- --.. - $12, 852. 54 Minor repairs to permanent works, by hired labor, August and September, 1932__--_-------- - 3, 500.00 Dredging on river bars, by contract, May and June, 1933, 15,000 cubic yards_ __---------------------- 4,181. 62 20, 534.16 Total --------------------------------------- ----- 21,431.43 The additional sum of $20,000 can be profitably expended during the fiscal year 1934, as follows: Maintenance: Dredging river bars after spring freshets, 1934, by contract, 50,000 cubic yards... ......---------------------------------------- $18,000 Repairs to permanent works, by hired labor- .---. .------- -2, 000 Total --------- 20, 0000-------------- The above funds are required to meet routine annual maintenance requirements after the spring freshets of 1934. Minor extensions to permanent works are not necessary at this time. Commercial statistics.-The principal items of freight for the cal- endar year were refined petroleum products, coal, and general pack- age freight, carried in steamers, motor vessels, and barges drawing from 6 to 12.5 feet. A large percentage of the traffic is handled on a draft of 10 to 12 feet. There was an increase in tonnage of 8 per cent from that reported for 1930, due to a 25 per cent increase in traffic in petroleum products. The line of daily passenger and freight steamers between Hartford and New York ceased operations after November 1, 1931. Comparative statement Calendar Tons Value Passengers Calendar Tons Value Passengers year year. 1927....... 592, 922 $36, 029. 655 25, 340 1930-.......648, 226 $34, 769, 217 36,200 1928....... 531, 395 30,802, 477 32, 290 1931-.... -703, 330 21, 152, 773 36,756 1929-.-... 682,229 39,637,150 36, 387 RIVERS AND HARBORS---PROVIDENCE, R. I., DISTRICT 119 (ost andz financial 8umnnary Cost of new work to June 80, 1982..--------------------- $678, 471. 01 Cost .of maintenance to June 80, 1932---------------------- 852,105.52 Total cost of prrmgnent wor to June 30, 19382 ----- 1, 525, 576. 53 Minus accounts payable June 30, 1932_.------- ------------ 897. 27 Net total expenditures----- ------------------------ 1, 524, 679. 26 Unexpended balance June 30, 1932-------------- ------------ 21, 431. 43 Total amount appropriated to June 30, 19382_ __-------- 1, 546,110.69 Fiscal year ending June 30 1928 1929 1930 1931 1932 Cost of pow work----------------------$18, 819.24 $8, 886.24--05.---- ------------------------ Cost of maintenance.------------------- 21,186.70 20,161.21 $866,051.82 $21,177. 14 $15, 090.84 Total cost..-----------.------------40,005.94 29, 047.45 66,051.82 21,177.14 15, 090.84 Total expended................-----------------------40,755.00 27, 098. 53 70, 291. 57 19, 002. 02 17, 022. 99 Allotted.--------- ------------------------ 17, 000. 00 50, 000. 00 42, 000. 00 19, 500. 00 .....------- Balance unexpended July 1, 1931 ------- ----------- $38, 454.42 Gross amount expended .....---------..----..---------..------------- .17,022. 99 Balance unexpended June 30, 1932----------------------21, 431.43 Outstanding liabilities June 30, 1932__ __ ____1___ $897.27 Amount covered by uncompleted contracts------------ 12,852. 54 -- 13, 749. 81 Balance available June 30, 1932.__-------.-- _ --- 7, 681. 62 Amount (estimated) required to be appropriated for completion of existing project 1- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - --- -- -- - - - - - - - - - - - - 1, 900. 00 Amount that can be profitably expended in fiscal year ending June 30, 1934, for maintenance 1- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 20, 000.00 19. DUCK ISLAND HARBOR, CONN. Location and description.-This harbor is a small bay, about 2 miles long and extending 1 mile inland, lying between Menunkete- suck and Kelsey Points, on the north shore of Long Island Sound, approximately midway between New London and New Haven Har- bors, and about 23 miles distant from each. Duck Island is in the outer and southeasterly part of the bay. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Chart No. 216.) Origiua ~ondition.---The harbor afforded practically no shelter from the east around through the south to the west, but afforded good protection from all northerly winds. The usable low-water depth for anchorage was about 16 feet over a considerable portion of the bay. Previous projects.--The original project was adopted by the river and harbor act of September 19, 1890. The cost and expenditures prior to the adoption of the existing project in 1910 were $114,867.90 for new work and $5,334.10 for maintenance, a total of $120,202. For further details see page 1755 of Annual Report for 1915. 1 Exclusive of available funds. 120 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1932 Existing project.-This provides for the construction of three rip- rap breakwaters, viz, one extending northwardly from Duck Island 1,100 feet; one extending westwardly from Duck Island 2,697 feet; and one extending southwardly from Stone Island, just south of Kelsey Point, 3,750 feet-each breakwater to be 8 feet wide on top, 9 feet high above mean low water, with side slopes of 2 on 3, except on the northerly side of the one extending westerly from Duck Island and the westerly side of the one extending northwardly from Duck Island where the slopes are to be 1 on 1; and for dredging to a depth of 16 feet at mean low water a portion of the protected area back of the breakwaters at Duck Island. The mean tidal range is 4.2 feet, and the maximum range, due to the combined effect of wind and other causes, is 9 feet or more. The estimate of cost for new work, revised in 1916, was $370,000, exclusive of amounts expended on previous projects. The latest (1928) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $10,000. The existing project was authorized by the following river and harbor acts: The act of June 25, 1910, provided for the breakwaters (H. Doc. No. 398, 60th Cong., 1st sess.) ; the act of July 27, 1916, provided for the dredging (H. Doc. No. 812, 64th Cong., 1st sess.). For map, see the last-mentioned document. Recommended modifications of project.-None. Local cooperation.-None. Terminal facilities.-This harbor is entirely a harbor of refuge. There are no commercial wharves. Operations and results du ing fiscal year.-Contract dredging for maintenance, in progress at the beginning of the fiscal year, was completed August 4, 1931. During the period 257,136 cubic yards of material were removed, completing the restoration of project depth throughout the central portion of the area. The total net yardage removed under the contract was 515,381 of ordinary mate- rial. The costs were $33,558.44, applied to maintenance. Expendi- tures amounted to $56,820.31. Condition at end of fical year.--The existing project was com- pleted in 1917 at a saving of $2,702 under the estimated cost, the breakwaters having been completed in 1914. The breakwaters are in fair repair, but portions of the anchorage area are shoaler than the project depth. The controlling depths in the protected area behind the breakwater on June 30, 1932, were 12 to 17 feet in the northern portion and in the southern part about 8 feet, all at mean low water. The costs under the existing project have been $367,- 297.91 for new work and $158,154.34 for maintenance, a total of $525,452.25, and the total expenditures $525,452.25. Proposed operations.-No funds are available and none can be profitably expended during the fiscal year 1934, as the breakwaters are in good condition and the harbor area is in condition to meet the demands of commerce for several years. Commercial statistics.-There is no local commerce, the harbor being entirely a harbor of refuge. The number of vessels reported as using the harbor for refuge is as follows: RIVERS AND HARBORS-PROVIDENCE, R. I., DISTRICT 121 Comparative sataement .of vessels of all cla8se8s seeking refuge in the harbor Calendar year Steam Sailing Barges laneous Total 1927-------------------------------------------130 189 161 893 1,373 1928------------------------------------------- 45 146 282 1,051 - 1,494 19291 ---------------------------------- ------- 38 133 303 981 1,455 1930 1..........-------..................------- --- --------- 30 79 99 879 1,087 1931..........------------------------------..........................--------....--- 28 99 126 1,035 1,288 1Partly estimated. Cost and ftna'noial summary Cost of new work to June 30, 1932-----------------$482, 165. 81 Cost of maintenance to June 30, 1932--- -------------- ------- 163, 488. 44 Total cost of permanent work to June 30, 1932------------.. 645, 654. 25 Net total expenditures ------------------- _------ __-- 645, 654. 25 Total amount appropriated to June 30, 1932--------_-- _- - -- 645, 654. 25 Fiscal year ending June 30 1928 1929 1930 1931 1932 Cost of new work.....-----.................----------....--.......................-------..........---------........... ......-------------------- Cost of maintenance..------------------ $21,921. 53 $17,394.02 ----------- $33,356. 40 $33, 558.44 Total expended._.-----------------_____ 8, 842. 56 30, 356. 47 $334.04 9, 760. 49 56, 820. 31 Allotted-................------...------------------....--------.-------------- 74, 200. 00 -8, 556. 33 ------------ Balance unexpended July 1, 1931---------------- -------- $65, 376. 64 Deductions on account of revocation of allotment --------- --- 8, 556. 33 Net amount to be accounted for__------ --- - _ ---- --- 56, 820.31 Gross amount expended--------- ---- ------------ ------ 56, 820.31 20. BRANFORD HARBOR, CONN. Location and description.-On the north shore of Long Island Sound, 5 miles east of New Haven Harbor. It includes an outer harbor about 1 mile broad an inner harbor one-half mile in diameter, and the lower 11/ miles of the Branford River, the latter being tidal, narrow, and crooked. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Chart No. 217.) Original conditio.--The minimum usable low-water depths were about 7 feet in the outer and inner harbors, 12 feet in the river to near the lower wharves, and thence less than 6 feet by a very nar- row channel to the upper wharves at the head of navigation, about 3 miles above the mouth. Previous projects.-None. Existing project.-This provides for a channel 81/2 feet deep and 100 feet wide through the shoals at the mouth of the harbor, about one-half mile and of the same depth, width, and length between the lower and upper wharves in the river. The plane of reference is mean low water. The mean tidal range is 51/2 feet, and the maxi- mum range, due to the combined effect of wind and other causes, is 10 feet or more. The estimate of cost for new work, revised in 1905, is $10,000. The latest (1928) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $2,500. .22 REPORT OF CHIEF OF 1G;INEERS, U. S. ARMY, 19 32 The existing project was authorized by the following river and harbor acts: The act of June 13, 1902, provided for dredging be- tween the lower and upper wharves in the river (H. Doc. No. 100, 56th Cong., 2d sess., and Annual Report for 1901, p. 1188); the act of March 2, 1907, provided for the dredging at the mouth of the harbor. (For map, see H. Doc. No. 1292, 64th Cong., 1st sess.) Recommended modifcations of project.-None. Local eooperation.-None prescribed by law. The upper part of the river at the head of the improved channel and some of the bends in the lower river have been enlarged by the Malleable Iron Fittings Co. by dredging about 56,000 cubic yards of material at a cost of over $12,000. Terminal facilities.-Terminal facilities are limited to two bulk- head and pile wharves near the head of the harbor and one at the moth of the river owned by the town of Branford. These facili- ties are considered adequate for the existing commerce. (For fur- ther details see H. Doe. No. 652, 66th Cong., 2e sess.) Operations and results during fiscal year.-There were no operations. Conditionat end of fiscal year.-The project was completed in 1907 at a saving of $462 under the estimated cost. On June 30, 1932, the controlling depths were about 61/2 feet through the shoals at the mouth and thence 81/ feet nearly to the head of the improved chan- nel. The costs under the project have been $9,537.45 for new work and $38,479.43 for maintenance, a total of $48,016.88, and the total expenditures $48,016.88. Proposed operations.-It is proposed to apply the funds unex- pended on June 30, 1932, amounting to $199.65, to maintenance con- tingencies as may be necessary throughout the year. The sum of $9,000 can be profitably expended during the fiscal year 1934, to be applied to maintenance dredging in the outer channel, by contract, during October and November 1933. These funds will be necessary for the restoration of project dimensions in the channel through the outer harbor. The amount required for maintenance is in excess of the average annual expenditure for that purpose during the preceding five years because such operations are usually undertaken at 4 to 5 year intervals. Commereial tatistatist..-The items of freight for the calendar year were coal, sand, and pig iron. There was a decrease in tonnage of about 10 per cent under that reported for 1930, due to decreased traffic in sand and pig iron. Comparative statement Calendar year Tons Value Calendar year Tons Value 1927....................--------------------.. 20, 916 11, 011 $173,484 1930....--...-----------.- $68, 315 1928------------------- 23,901 210,783 1931------------------ 9, 967 65,621 1929-- ------------------ 22,099 182,542 RIVERS AND HARBORS--PROVIDENCE, R. I., DISTRICT 123 Cost and f ttciaZ summary Cost of new work to June 30, 1932.._. .------------- $9,537. 45 Cost of maintenance to June 30, 1932 ----- _ _-_------------ 38, 470. 43 48 Total cost of permanent Work to June 30 193 ---- 016. 88 Net total expenditures48..--- -- - - -- 4 016.88 Unexpended balance June 30, 1932--------------------------- 199. 65 Total amount appropriated to June 30, 1932--------------. 48, 216.53 Fiscal year ending June 30 1928 1929 1930 1981 1932 Cost ofnew work............------------------------ -------------------- - - Cost of maintenance----.-------------$---- 22,794.35 $6.00 Total expended..------------------------------------------ 21, 572.12 1,228.23 Allotted. . ------------------------------------- $9,000.00 15, 000. 00 -- 1,000. 00 ......... Balance unexpended July 1, 1931-------.---------------------- $199. 65 Balance unexpended June 30, 1932.------ ----------------------- 199. 65 Amount that can be profitably expended in fiscal year ending June 30, 1 - ----------- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 1934, for maintenance -- 9, 000. 00 21. NEW HAVEN HARBOR, CONN. Location and description.-On the north shore of Long Island Sound, about 71 miles to the east of New York City. The harbor consists of a bay about 4 miles long and from 1 to 4 miles wide and the tidal navigable portions of the West River entering the westerly side of the bay and the Mill and Quinnipiac Rivers entering; its northeast corner through a common mouth. The width of the lower harbor from Morgans Point to Oyster River Point is 41/4 miles, and its natural depths available for anchorage are from 20 to 28 feet at mean low water. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Chart No. 218.) Original condition.--The minimum usable low-water depth in the harbor proper was 9 feet from the' wharves to :Cranes Bar one-third of the way down the harbor, and 13 feet on the bar below- ort Hale; in'Quinnipiac River, about 4 feet; in Mill River,, west branch about 5 feet, east branch nearly bare at low tidy; and in West River, less than 3 feet. The heads of navigation for small unmasted craft in the Quinnipiac, Mill, and West ivers were, respectively, about 8, 21/2, and 2 miles above the mouths. Previous pro ect.--The original project was ado pted' by the river and harbor act of August 30, 1852, and' modified by the river and harbor act of June 10, 1872. A second project was"adopted by the river and harbor act of March 3, 1871, and modified by the acts of 1875, 1878, 1879, 1882,, and' 1884. The original project for West River (consolidated' with the main harbor by the act of March 2, 1907) was adopted by the river and harbor act of March 3, 1905. The cost and expenditures ii the main harbor prior to the adoption of the 1899 project and in West River prior to its consolidation with the main harbor were $331,625.66 for new work and $32,570 for main- 1 Exclusive of available funds. 124 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1932 tenance, a total of $364,195.66. For further details see page 1755 of Annual Report for 1915. Emoting project.-This provides for a channel 20 feet deep, 400 feet wide, and 3 miles long from Long Island Sound to the inner end of the 20-foot anchorage basin; thence of same depth, 700 to 500 feet wide (increased to 1,200 feet at the turn opposite Long Wharf), 1.2 miles to Tomlinson Bridge; three anchorage basins below Tomlinson Bridge of 20, 16, and 15 foot depths; a pile-and- riprap dike, total length about 4,200 feet, to contract the tidal flow at Fort Hale Bar; a channel 12 feet deep, and 100 to 150 feet wide, from the southwest corner of the 16-foot anchorage basin via Oyster Point and the West Haven Wharf front to Kimberly Avenue Bridge; thence 12 feet deep and prevailing width of 75 feet up West River approximately to the railroad bridge, and an anchorage basin 6 feet deep in West River opposite Mars Wharf; a channel 100 feet wide and 12 feet deep from the 15-foot anchorage basin toward Brewery Street, about 1,500 feet; a channel 200 feet wide and 18 feet deep up Quinnipiac River to Ferry Street Bridge, and thence 200 feet wide and 16 feet deep to Grand Avenue; a channel up Mill River 12 feet deep, 200 feet wide, to the junction of the two branches above Chapel Street, thence 12 feet deep to Grand Avenue, 100 feet wide in the east branch and generally 125 feet wide in the west branch; and the removal of certain obstructive rocks in Morris Cove. All depths refer to mean low water, the mean tidal range being 5.8 feet. The maximum tidal range, due to the combined effect of wind and other causes, is 10 feet or more. The estimate of cost for new work, revised in 1930, is $643,000, exclusive of amounts expended on previous projects. The latest (1930) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $27,500. The existing project was authorized by the following river and harbor acts: The act of August 2, 1882 provided for the Sandy Point Dike (plans approved by a Board of Engineers October 2 1882); the act of March 3, 1899, provided for the present depth of the main channel and the dimensions of its lower end and for the 20 and 16 foot anchorage basins.(H. Doc. No. 82, 55th Cong., 1st sess.); the act of June 25, 1910, provided for the Brewery Street Channel, for the removal of rocks in Morris: Cove, and made provisions for the present dimensions of the 15-foot basin (H. Doc. No. 1159, 60th Cong., 2d sess.); the act of July 25, 1912, made provisions for the present dimensions of the channels in Mill River, for a channel 8 feet deep in the Quinnipiac River (H. Doc. No. 26, 62d Cong., 1st sess.), and for the present dimensions of the West River Channel and anchorage (H. Doc. No. 535, 62d Cong., 2d sess.); the act of March 4, 1913, provided for the present widths in the upper part of the main channel (H. Doc. No. 1258, 62d Cong., 3d sess.); and the act of July 3, 1930, made final provisions for the present channel dimen- sions in Quinnipiac River (H. Doc. No. 686, 69th Cong., 2d sess.). For maps see the last named document and House Document No. 497, Sixty-fourth Congress, first session. Recommended modiflcatio of project.---None. Local cooperation..-No conditions for local cooperation were pre- scribed by law at the time of the adoption of the project. One municipal wharf equipped with traveling crane has been constructed RIVERS AND HARBORS-PROVIDENCE, R. I., DISTRICT 125 at a cost of approximately $35,000. The upper portion of the West River Channel had been improved by private parties at a cost of about $10,000 before its further improvement was undertaken by the United States. Terminal facilitie.--The wharves and piers served by this im- provement are grouped near the head of the main harbor; on both sides of Mill River between Chapel Street and Grand Avenue; on both sides of Quinnipiac River throughout the greater part of its improved portion; at Oyster Point and along the westerly side of West River. The terminals at the head of the harbor are mostly piers, either solid-filled or open, ranging in length up to 2,300 feet, and separated by slips. Many of these terminals have direct railroad and transfer facilities. Throughout Mill, Quinnipiac, and West Rivers the wharves are usually of the bulkhead and apron type. Railroad and transfer facilities are available at several wharves on the first-named rivers. At Oyster Point are several small timber piers used in the oyster industry. The frontage developed amounts to nearly 1 mile in the main harbor, over three-fourths mile in Mill River, over 1 mile in the Quinnipiac, and about five-eighths mile in West River and at Oyster Point. The total length of berthing space available is about 26,525 feet, of which 9,335 feet, including 1,020 feet owned by the city, is open to public use and 17,190 feet is pri- vately owned and so used. The facilities are not considered ade- quate, and various plans have been prepared and considered by the municipality for extensive additions and improvements. (For fur- ther details see H. Doc. No. 652, 66th Cong., 2d sess., and Port Series No. 18, Corps of Engineers.) Operations and results during fiscal year.-Contract dredging for improvement in progress at the beginning of the fiscal year com- pleted the 16-foot channel in the Quinnipiac River above Ferry Street by the removal of about 6,422 cubic yards of material. The total net yardage removed under this contract was 318,092. Con- tract dredging for maintenance removed 124,260 cubic yards of mud from the 15-foot anchorage and 19,179 cubic yards from the Brewery Street Channel, restoring project dimensions. Maintenance dredg- ing in Mill River Channel under contract at the close of the fiscal year had not been commenced. The costs were $1,581.34 for new work and $24,088.74 for maintenance, a total of $25,670.08. The expenditures amounted to $51,062.48. Condition at end of fiscal year.-The existing project was com- pleted in 1931 at a saving of $45,006 under the estimated cost. The controlling depths at mean low water are: Main channel up to Tom- linson Bridge, nearly 20 feet; anchorage basins, 20 feet, 14 to 16, nearly 16, and one-half foot to 6 feet, respectively; West River, 13 feet; Mill River, about 11 feet; Quinnipiac River to Ferry Street, 18 feet, and thence to Grand Avenue, nearly 16 feet; and Brewery Street Channel, nearly 13 feet. The dike at Fort Hale Bar is in poor repair and the channels are generally in good condition. The costs under the existing project have been $597,993.54 for new work and $777,923.89 for maintenance, a total of $1,375,917.43, and the total expenditures $1,377,163.90. 126 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENG'NEERS, l. S. ARMY, 1932 Proposed operatoio.-it is proposed to apply the funids unex- pended on June 30, 1982, amounting to $19,773.88, as ftEws: Accounts payable, June 30, 1932-------------- ---------------- $28. 94 Maintenance, dredging in Mill River by contract, July, 1932, 986,60' cubic yard ------------------------------------------ 19 744. 94 Total- .---------------------------------- ----- ----- 19, 773.88 No,additional funds can be profitably expended daring the fiscal year' 1934, as the harbor channels are in condition toi met the requirements of commerce for two more years. Comne ciia staat tics.---The principal items of freight for the cal- endar year were coal, petroleum products, coke, general steamboat freight, building materials, chemicals, oysters and oyster shells, car- ried in steamers, motor vessels, schooners, and barges drawing from 6 to 241/2 feet. Receipts of bituminous coal from Hampton Roads coal ports comprise about 48 per cent of the total tonnage reported, and about 95 per cent of this coal is carried in steamers drawing 20 to 241/2 feet. There was a decrease in tonnage of about 1 per cent from that reported for 1930, due to decreased traffic' in coal, coke, and steamboat freight being greater than the increased traffic in petroleum products. Comparative statement Calendar caear Tons Value Passengers Calendar calenar Tons Value Passengers 1927-...--... 1, 367, 618 $138, 184; 538 43,966 1930-...... 2;480, 02 1 ,369,54 41, 759 1928........1, 569, 581 128, 902, 988 45,253 1931........ 2,462, 401 102, 550,-301 44,414 19291-..--..- 2, 338, 798 153, 30; 886 52, 057 Cost and financial summary Cost of new Work to June 30, 1932.. ..--------------------------- $929 619. 20 Cost of maintenance to June 30, 1932 -----,_ ------ -- _--- 810, 493. 89 Total cost of permanent work to June 30, 1932..---------- 1, 740, 113.09 Value of plant, materials, etc., on hand June 30, 1932----------- - 1,275.41 Net total Bost to June 30, 1932-----------.... ----------- ,741, 388. 50 Minus accounts--payable June 30, 1932.-.----- ---------- ----- - 28.94 Net total expenditures------ ----------------------- 1, 741, 359 56 Unexpended balance Juie 30, 1932--------...--------------------19, 773. 88 Total amount appropriated to June 30, 1932 ------------- 1, 761,133.44 Fiscal year ending June 30 1928 1929 1930 1931 1932 Cost of new work.-,_- ------------- - ....------------.---------------------- . $106, 887. 26 $1, 581.34 Cost of maintenance_-- ----.------- $86, 778.02 $57, 116. 08 $131, 389. 48 60, 592. 37 24,088. 74 Total cost_- ---- .-------...-... _--_ . 86, 778. 02 57, 116. 08 131, 389. 48 167, 479. 63 25, 670. 08 Total expended-.....-.......-............. 113, 793.31 59, 055. 11 85,507.98 186, 245. 17 51, 062. 48 Allotted--.......................----------------------.------ 55, 000. 00 154,000. 000. 00 ----------- 189,'000. 00 -16, 807. 48 RIVERS AND HARBORS-PROVIDENCE, R. I., DISTRICT 127 Balance unexpended July 1, 1931 --------------------------- $87, 643.84 Amount allotted from War Department appropriation act approved Feb. 23, 1931--- ---------------------------------------- 18, 700. 00 Amount to be accounted for------------------------- 106, 343. 84 Deductions on account of revocation of allotment--------------- 35, 507. 48 Net amount to be accounted for-------------------- 70, 836. 36 Gross amount expended- ----------------- $52, 246. 17 Less reimbursements collected--- ----------------- 1, 183. 69 51, 062. 48 Balance unexpended June 30, 1932________----- --------- 19, 773.88 Outstanding liabilities June 30, 1932------------ 28.94 Amount covered by uncompleted contracts------------18, 296. 53 18, 325. 47 Balance available June 30, 1932_-- --_ 1, 448. 41 22. MILFORD HARBOR, CONN. This project is about 49 per cent completed. There were no ex- penditures during the fiscal year and there are no funds available. No work is contemplated as the improvement is in a condition to meet the requirements of existing commerce. For further details see Annual Report for 1929, page 134. Commercial statistics.-The items of freight for the calendar year were oysters and coal carried in vessels drawing from 4 to 12 feet. There was an increase in tonnage of about 242 per cent over that reported for 1930, due to greatly increased receipts and shipments of oysters and shells. Comparative statement Calendar year Tons Value Calendar year Tons Value 1927 ... ....--------------------- 11, 440 $317,154 1930---------------------- 5, 904 $107,198 1928---------------------- 7, 385 183, 143 1931 .------------- -------- 20,196 519,350 1929....--------------------- 14, 278 407, 968 Cost and financial summary Cost of new work to June 30, 1932---------- --------------- $65, 957.77 Cost of maintenance to June 30, 1932 ----------------------- 21, 542. 24 Total cost of permanent work to June 30, 1932------ ------ 87, 500. 01 Net total expenditures-------------------------- ---------- 87, 500.01 Total amount appropriated to June 30, 1932------------------- 87, 500. 01 Amount (estimated) required to be appropriated for completion of existing project----------- ------------------------------- 24, 300. 00 23. HOUSATONIC RIVER, CONN. Location and description.-Rises in northwestern Massachusetts, flows southerly 130 miles through Massachusetts and Connecticut and empties into Long Island Sound at Stratford, 5 miles east of Bridgeport Harbor. Its drainage area is about 1,930 square miles. The tidal section extends from the mouth 131/2 miles to Derby and 140960--ENG 1932-9 128 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1932 Shelton, and 1.1 miles upstream is a power dam with a canal and locks by which craft of less than 3-foot draft may pass above the dam. At Derby the low-water discharge is about 600 second-feet; the extreme freshet flow is about 65,000 second-feet. Average freshets reach a height of 12 feet, are of short duration, and occur mainly in the spring. The river is usually closed by ice during January and February. The low-water slope per mile from Shelton to the mouth is 0.14 foot, the width at the mouth is about 1,200 feet, and at Shelton 400 feet. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Chart No. 219.) Original condition.--The original usable low-water depth on the bar at the mouth and in the river was about 3 feet; the channel was narrow and crooked. The head of navigation was and is at Otter Rock, 3 miles above the dam at Shelton and 171/2 miles above the mouth. Previous projects.-None. Eisting project.-This provides for a channel 18 feet deep at mean low water and 200 feet wide from the mouth to the lower end of Culvers Bar, about 5 miles, and thence 7 feet deep and 100 feet wide to Derby and Shelton, about 8 miles; a riprap breakwater at the mouth, consisting of an inner arm 3,250 feet long, 3 feet high above mean low water, top width 6 feet side slopes 1 on 1, and an outer arm 2,500 feet long, 6 feet high above mean high water, top width 12 feet, outer slope 1 on 2, inner slope 1 on 1; a riprap dike in the river below Stratford not to exceed 1,500 feet in length; and a riprap jetty 163 feet long at Sow and Pigs Rocks. The mean tidal range, exclusive of the winter season and freshets, is 6.4 feet at the mouth, 5.4 feet at Stratford, and 5.1 feet at Shelton; the extreme range due to combined effect of wind and other causes is about 11 feet at the mouth, diminishing toward the head. The spring freshets occasionally rise to a height of 18 feet or more above summer low water, but only average about 12 feet above that datum. The estimate of cost for new work, revised in 1928, is $810,000, of which $150,000 is to be contributed by local interests. The latest (1930) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $19,000. The existing project was authorized by the following river and harbor acts: The act of March 3, 1871, provided for a jetty at Sow and Pigs Reef and the present width of the channel across the outer bar (H. Doc. No. 95, 41st Cong., 3d sess., and Annual Report for 1871, p. 781); the act of August 11, 1888, provided for the break- water at the mouth and for the present dimensions of the river channel above the lower end of Culvers Bar (S. Doc. No. 103, 50th Cong., 1st sess., and Annual Report for 1888, p. 554). The con- struction of the Stratford Dike, in accordance with the project sub- mitted by the district engineer officer July 15, 1892, was authorized by departmental action. The act of July 3, 1930, made final pro- vision for the present channel dimensions up to Culvers Bar (H. Doc. No. 449, 70th Cong., 2d sess.). The latest published map is in the last-named document. Recomnmended modiflcation of project.-None. Local cooperation.-The river and harbor act of July 3, 1930, authorized the 18-foot channel up to Culvers Bar subject to the pro- vision that no work shall be started until local interests have con- RIVERS AND HARBORS-PROVIDENCE, R. I., DISTRICT 129) tributed $150,000 toward the cost of the work, and provided further,. that local interests shall furnish, free of cost to the United States,. suitable bulkheaded areas for the deposit of dredged material, or in lieu thereof an additional $50,000 in cash. These conditions have; not been complied with, but spoil areas have been secured and the provision of more than one-half of the necessary funds assured. A considerable amount of dredging has been done for private parties at the outer bar to obtain material for oyster beds, the cost and exact extent of which are not known. Terminal facilities.-There are three wharves for commercial use at Stratford, one at Devon, and eight at Shelton and Derby. The usual types are longitudinal timber or masonry bulkheads, and short filled piers with vessel berths at the ends parallel with the stream. Adequate highways lead to practically all of the wharves, and 1 wharf at Stratford, 1 at Devon, and 1 at Derby have railroad transfer facilities. The town of Stratford has a part interest in one wharf and owns a wharf site adjacent to it. Of the private- wharves, 1 at Stratford, 2 at Derby, and 2 at Shelton are open to, public use. The facilities are considered adequate for the existing commerce. (For further details see H. Doc. No. 652, 66th Cong., 2d sess.) Operations and results during flscal year.-Under an open-market: agreement a snag was removed from the vicinity of Nells Island Bar. An examination of the river bars was made after the spring freshet. The costs were $75 for maintenance. Expenditures amounted to $807.57. Condition at end of fiscal year.-The existing project is about 29 per cent completed. The upriver channels were completed in 1893. The breakwater at the mouth is completed, except that the outer arm has a top width of 8 feet and outer slope of 1 to 11/2 instead of the. respective project dimensions; the Stratford Dike is 1,255 feet long, and the jetty at Sow and Pigs Rocks is completed. The breakwater,. dike, and jetty are in fair condition. The bar channels have been maintained to depths of 7 feet. The controlling depth on June 30, 1932, was about 6 feet at mean low water up to Shelton. To com- plete the project requires the enlargement of the outer arm of the breakwater to provide a top width of 12 feet and an outer slope of 1 on 2, which is not required for performance, the extension of the Stratford Dike not more than 245 feet, and the deepening and widen- ing of the channel from the mouth up to the lower end of Culvers Bar. The costs under the project have been $234,364.92 for new work and $162,428.82 for maintenance, a total of $396,793.74, and the- total expenditures were $398,190.73. Proposed operations.-It is proposed to apply the funds unex- pended on June 30, 1932, amounting to $15,259.27, as follows: Accounts payable June 30, 1932 .------------------------------ $.7 Maintenance dredging on river bars by contract August-October, 1932, 40,000 cubic yards-------------------------------------- .. 15, 258. 55 Total -------- -------- __ -------- 15, 259. 2T No additional funds can be profitably expended during the fiscal year 1934, as the completion of the above dredging will leave the river channels in condition to meet the requirements of traffic for at 130 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMIY, 1932 least two more years; the enlargement of the breakwater and the extension of Stratford Dike are not urgently required, and the ful- fillment of conditions of local cooperation as to the 18-foot channel authorized by the act of July 3, 1930, is not assured. Commercial statistics.-The freight traffic for the calendar year consisted entirely of petroleum products carried in motor vessels and barges drawing from 8 to 10.4 feet. There was a decrease in tonnage of less than 1 per cent from that reported for 1930. Comparative statement Calendar year Tons Value Calendar year Tons Value 1927...--........----------.... 181, 687 $5, 440, 813 1930......--------------------- 186, 990 $3, 895, 299 1928---------------------- 201, 350 6, 807, 347 1931--.....----------------- 185, 605 4, 864, 688 1929..----------- ---------- 129, 209 6, 084, 238 Cost and financial summary Cost of new work to June 30, 1932-_, ....---------- - $234, 364. 92 Cost of maintenance to June 30, 1932- ------ 162, 428. 82 Total cost of permanent work to June 30, 1932_-------__- 396, 793.74 Value of plant, materials, etc., on hand June 30, 1932_ - ____-----1, -- 397. 71 Net total cost to June 30, 1932- ----- ------------ _ 398, 191.45 Minus accounts payable June 30, 1932__-_______---------- .72 Net total expenditures- -- -------------------- 398, 190. 73 Unexpended balance June 30, 1932 _____-------------- 15, 259.27 Total amount appropriated to June 30, 1932------------ - 413, 450. 00 Fiscal year ending June 30 1928 1929 1930 1931 1932 Cost of new work .-- ------- -------------------------- ----------- Cost of maintenance___-------------------- $314.652 $16, 231.21 ------------------------ $75.00 Total expended...------------------------- 279. 52 16, 215. 46 $50. 75 $664. 42 807. 57 Allotted-- ------- ------------------------------------ 5,000. 00 15,000.00.........------------------- Balance unexpended July 1, 1931------- --------------------- $16, 066. 84 Gross amount expended -------------------------------------- 807.57 Balance unexpended June 30, 1932 5, 259.27 1---------------------- Outstanding liabilities June 30, 1932 ...----------------------------- .72 Balance available June 30, 1932-------------------------15, 258. 55 Amount (estimated) required to be appropriated for completion of 1 - - - - - - - - -- - - - - _- - - - - - - - - existing project ' - - - - - - - 425, 000.00 24. BRIDGEPORT HARBOR, CONN. Location amn descriptioo.--On the north shore of Long Island Sound, about 57 miles east of New York City. It consists of an outer main harbor about 3,500 feet long and 4,000 feet wide; an inner har- bor about 1 mile long and 1,500 feet wide, decreasing in width to 500 1 Exclusive of available funds. 2 In addition $150,000 is to be contributed by local interests. RIVERS AND HARBORS-PROVIDENCE, R. I., DISTRICT 131 feet at the head; the tidal and navigable portions of Poquonock River, 114 mile long; Yellow Mill Pond, two-thirds of a mile long, entering from the north; Johnsons River, three-fourths of a mile long, entering from the east; Black Rock Harbor, about one-half mile wide and 1 mile long, lying 214 miles west of the main harbor; and Cedar and Burr Creeks, 114 and 1/2 mile long, respectively, entering Black Rock Harbor from the north. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Chart No. 220.) Original condition.-The minimum usable low-water depths were: On the bar at the mouth of Bridgeport Harbor, about 5 feet; in the Poquonock River, from 2 to 5 feet; in Johnsons River, nearly bare in upper half; in Yellow Mill Pond, generally bare; in Black Rock Harbor, 12 to 6 feet; in Cedar Creek, 2 to 4 feet; and in Burr Creek, nearly bare. The head of navigation in Poquonock River, Yellow Mill Pond, Johnsons River, Burr and Cedar. Creeks was, re- spectively, about 11/4, two-thirds, three-fourths, one-half, and 11/4 miles above the mouth. Previous projects.--The original project for the main harbor was adopted by the river and harbor act of July 4, 1836. A second proj- ect was adopted by the river and harbor act of March 3, 1871, and modified in 1875, 1878, 1882, 1888, 1892, 1894, and 1896. The original project for Black Rock Harbor, which prior to the adoption of the existing project was considered as separate from the main harbor, was adopted by the river and harbor act of July 4, 1836. A second project was adopted by the river and harbor act of July 5, 1884. The cost and expenditures prior to operations in 1900 under the project adopted in 1899 were as follows: New work Maintenance Total Bridgeport Harbor-.... .......---------------------------------- $311, 899.53 $5, 948.97 $317,848.50 Black Rock Harbor....------------------------------------ 66, 550.00 6,000.00 72,550.00 Total-----..........--------------------- ---------------- 378, 449. 53 11, 948.97 390, 398. 50 For further details see page 1756 of Annual Report for 1915. Existing project.-This provides for- (1) Two riprap breakwaters, one about 3,190 feet long on the easterly side and one 2,110 feet long on the westerly side of the entrance to the main harbor. (2) The construction and maintenance of shore protection on Fayerweather Island, including a sea wall connecting the northerly and southerly portions of the island. (3) Main channel 25 feet deep and 300 feet wide from Long Island Sound to the inner end of the 25-foot anchorage basin, thence 18 feet deep and 300 feet wide to Stratford Avenue Bridge across the Poquonock River. (4) Three anchorage basins: One 25 feet deep and 29.4 acres in area, op- posite the inner breakwater; one 18 feet deep and 30.6 acres in area, adjoining the main channel on the east above the inner breakwater; and one 12 feet deep, in two areas, aggregating 28.4 acres to the east of the 18-foot anchorage. (5) Poquonock River Channel, 18 feet deep and from 125 to 200 feet wide, from the lower bridge to a point about 500 feet below the dam at Berkshire Avenue, about 1.1 miles. (6) Yellow Mill Channel, 18 feet deep and 150 to 200 feet wide from the 18-foot anchorage to a point about 370 feet from Crescent Avenue, about 1 mile. (7) Johnsons River Channel, 18 feet deep and 150 to 250 feet wide from the 25-foot anchorage to a point 600 feet below Hollisters Dam, about 1 mile. 132 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1932 (8) Black Rock and Cedar Creek Channel, 18 feet deep and 100 to 200 feet wide, from the 18-foot curve in Black Rock Harbor to the heads of both branches of Cedar Creek, about 2.4 miles. (9) Burr Creek Channel, 7 feet deep and from 100 to 75 feet wide, from its junction with Cedar Creek Channel to the head of navigation, about one-half mile. All depths refer to mean low water, the mean tidal range being 6.4 feet. The extreme tidal range, due to wind and other causes, is 11 feet or more. The estimate of cost for new work, revised in 1930, is $1,217,500, of which $39,000 is to be contributed by local interests, exclusive of amounts expended under previous projects. The latest (1930) ap- proved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $25,000. The existing project was authorized by the following river and harbor acts: The act of July 4, 1836, provided for the Fayerweather Island sea wall; the act of March 3, 1899, provided for the shore protection of Fayerweather Island and for a channel 12 feet deep in the upper Poquonock River (Annual Report for 1899, p. 1173); the act of March 2, 1907, provided for the west breakwater and the present dimensions of the east breakwater and for an entrance channel and anchorage 22 feet deep (H. Doc. Nos. 275 and 521, 59th Cong., 2d sess.); the act of June 25, 1910, provided for the present depth in Poquonock River to Black's coal wharf (H. Doc. No. 751, 61st Cong., 2d sess.); the act of March 2, 1919, provided finally for the present dimensions of the 18 and 12 foot anchorage basins and Burr Creek Channel (H. Doc. No. 898, 63d Cong., 2d sess.); the act of July 3, 1930, made. final provisions for the present dimensions of the 25-foot channel, the 25-foot anchorage, the chan- nels through the main harbor, Poquonock River, Yellow Mill Pond, Johnsons River, Black Rock Harbor, and Cedar Creek (H. Doc. No. 281, 71st Cong., 2d sess.). The latest published map is in the last-mentioned document. Recommended modifications of project.--None. Local cooperation.-The river and harbor act of July 3, 1930, required as a condition precedent to work on the Johnsons River Channel that local interests contribute one-half ($39,000) of the esti- mated cost of that work. This condition has not been met. Pre- liminary surveys and studies for the development of the contiguous territory have been made, but financial arrangements have not been completed. Dredging, totaling quite an extensive amount, has been done by private interests in various portions of the harbor, which has resulted in benefit to general navigation. The cost of this work is not known. 7irminal facilities.-The general type of wharf in use is a stone or timber bulkhead with pile apron in front. There are but few piers, and those small. The terminal and transfer facilities at the wharves of the larger manufacturing companies are efficient, and, except at Johnsons River, Black Rock, and Burr Creek, one or more wharves in each of the above groups have direct railroad connections. The city owns one small wharf in the main harbor and a larger one in the upper Poquonock. The total frontage developed is approxi- mately as follows: In the main harbor, both sides at the head, about 1 mile; Poquonock River, both sides, 1 mile; Yellow Mill Pond, both sides, not continuous, one-fourth mile; Cedar Creek, nearly 1 mile; RIVERS AND HARBORS-PROVIDENCE, R. I., DISTRICT 133 Johnsons River, Burr Creek, and Black Rock, a few small, scattered wharves. The total length of berthing space available is 18,905 feet, of which 150 feet is owned by the city, 4,700 feet is open for public use, and 14,055 feet is privately owned and so used. While the existing wharves appear to be adequate for the present commerce, increased terminal and transfer facilities are desirable to serve the increased commerce to be expected by a rapidly growing munici- pality. (For further details see H. Doc. No. 652, 66th Cong., 2d sess., and Port Series No. 18, Corps of Engineers.) Operations and results during fiscal year.-Contract dredging for the improvement of the Black Rock and Cedar Creek Channels, in progress at the beginning of the fiscal year, was completed June 28, 1932. During the period about 344,035 cubic yards of ordinary mate- rial and 8.352 cubic yards of bowlders were removed and deposited partly by the hydraulic process. The costs were $53,499.45, all applied to new work. Expenditures amounted to $64,332.53. Condition at end of fiscal year.-The existing project is about 69 per cent completed. The Black Rock and Cedar Creek Channels have been completed. The other harbor channels and basins have been dredged to the dimensions previously authorized. The break- waters were completed in 1908. The anchorage basins and channels are in fair condition. The easterly entrance breakwater is in need of repairs, the shore-protection works on Fayerweather Island are in good condition, and the Fayerweather Island breakwater and sea wall need repairs. The controlling depths at mean low water are: Main channel to just inside the inner breakwater, 21 feet, and thence nearly 18 feet to the lower bridge, as determined in 1927; Poquonock River, 19 feet to Black's coal wharf, and thence to the head of the improved channel, nearly 13 feet, as determined in 1929; Yellow Mill Channel, 13 feet for one-half mile and thence decreasing to about 5 feet at the head of the improved channel, as determined in 1932: Johnsons River, 12 feet to the first bend at the entrance to the river, and thence nearly 10 feet to the head of the channel; Black Rock Harbor, 18 feet, as determined in 1932; Cedar Creek, 18 feet to the head of the branches, as determined in 1931; Burr Creek, about 31/2 feet to its head, as determined in 1923; anchorage basins, 14 to 22 feet, 18, and 9 to 12 feet, respectively. Costs under the existing project have been $845,656.37 for new work and $260,788.96 for maintenance, a total of $1,106,445.33; and total expenditures, $1,099,167.50. Proposed operations.-The balance unexpended, including ac- counts receivable at the end of the year, amounting to $21,572.08, together with an allotment of $45,000, made during July, 1932, will be applied as follows: Accounts payable June 30, 1932---------------------------_ $7, 599. 04 New work, dredging in Yellow Mill Channel, by contract July, 1932- January, 1933, 412,000 cubic yards___-------------------------- 50, 936. 10 Maintenance: Dredging in Yellow Mill Channel, by contract July, 1932-Janu- ary, 1933, 55,000 cubic yards---------------------------6, 916. 10 Engineering and contingencies-------------------------- 1, 120. 84 Total for all work ----- --------------------------- 66,572.08 134 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1932 The sum of $221,000 can be profitably expended during the fiscal year 1934, as follows: New work: Dredging entrance channel, by contract, throughout the fiscal year, 624,000 cubic yards ---------------- $130, 000 Dredging 25-foot anchorage, by contract, throughout the fiscal year, 378,000 cubic yards-------------------- 67, 000 Dredging Poquonock River, by contract, throughout the fiscal year, 50,000 cubic yards--- ------- -- 12, 000 $209, 000 Maintenance, dredging Poquonock River, by contract, throughout the fiscal year as needed, 50,000 cubic yards_------ -- 12, 000 Total for all work _____-_-----____.- __-- 221, 000 The deepening of the entrance channel and anchorage basin, au- thorized in 1930, will facilitate the entrance of the deep-draft lumber and coal carriers and provide sheltered anchorage while waiting for tide before proceeding to berth. The realignment, extension, and maintenance of the Poquonock River Channel is essential in the in- terest of deep-draft barge traffic to the various wharves. The amount of maintenance is in excess of the average annual expenditure for that purpose during the preceding five years because such work has not been prosecuted annually. Commercial statistics.-The principal items of freight for the cal- endar year were coal, petroleum products, sand and gravel, iron, lumber, fertilizer, and steamboat freight, carried in steamers, motor vessels, barges, and-schooners drawing from 7 to 25 feet. There was a decrease in tonnage of about 14 per cent from that reported for 1930, due mainly to decreased traffic in coal, sand and gravel, and steamboat freight, although imports of lumber and coal and receipts of petroleum products were considerably increased. Comparative statement Calendar Tons Value Passengers Calendar Tons Value Passengers year year 1927........ 1,146,852 $99, 568,594 166, 296 1930........ 1, 125, 533 $133, 688,717 105, 640 1928........ 1,175, 343 110, 167, 976 82, 242 1931-........ 965, 564 76, 354, 001 75, 723 1929........ 1,147, 370 97, 092,151 28, 070 Cost and financial summary Cost of new work to June 30, 1932_ ....... ____ - __ ___-- $1, 224, 105. 90 Cost of maintenance to June 30, 1932_ --------- 272, 737. 93 Total cost of permanent work to June 30, 1932-------- - 1, 496, 843.83 Value of plant, materials, etc., on hand June 30, 1932---------- 315. 09 Net total cost to June 30, 1932__-- -------------------- 1, 497, 158. 92 Plus accounts receivable June 30, 1932____-- -- __ 6. 12 Gross total costs to June 30, 1932- ---------------- 1, 497, 165. 04 Minus accounts payable June 30, 1932_-------------....- 7, 599. 04 Net total expenditures__--------- _-_-____ Unexpended balance June 30, 1932 -- ____-_ 1, 489, 566. 00 21, 565. 96 Total amount appropriated to June 30, 1932 ---------- 1, 511, 131. 96 RIVERS AND HARBORS-PROVIDENCE, R. I., DISTRICT 135 Fiscal year ending June 30 1928 1929 1930 1931 1932 Cost of new work-..... - ---------------------------- $78, 666.27 $53, 499.45 Cost of maintenance ..... ...------------------- $1,146.15 $12, 913.37 $6, 438. 79 --- --------- ----- _----- Total expended......------------------------ 1, 180. 40 11, 775. 78 6,144. 87 61, 987.07 64, 332. 53 Allotted.............-----------------------------25, 000.00 137, 000. 00 Balance unexpended July 1, 1931 ---------------------------- $85, 898.49 Gross amount expended___----------------- _ _ $87,842.50 Less: Reimbursements collected ------------ $23, 480. 97 Receipts from sales------------------- 29. 00 23, 509. 97 64, 332. 53 Balance unexpended June 30, 1932---------------------- 21, 565. 96 Outstanding liabilities June 30, 1932 __----- ------- 7, 599. 04 Amount covered by uncompleted contracts------------ 2, 736. 07 10, 335.11 Balance available June 30, 1932_ -- __ __------------ - 11, 230. 85 Accounts receivable June 30, 1932_-- _-------------------------- 6.12 Unobligated balance available June 30, 1932----------------- 11, 236. 97 Amount allotted from War Department appropriation act approved July 14, 1932------------------------------------------ 45, 000. 00 Balance available for fiscal year 1933------------------ 56,236. 97 Amount (estimated) required to- -be appropriated for completion of 12 - - -- - - - -- - -- - -- - -- - -- - -- - -- - -- - -- -- - existing project 281, 900.00 Amount that can be profitably expended in fiscal year ending June 30, 1934: For new work 1 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -- - - -- -- - -- - - 209, 000. 00 For maintenance 1 -- - - - - - - - - -- - - -- _ - - -- 12, 000.00 -- - - -- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -- -- Total 1 - 221, 000. 00 25. NORWALK HARBOR, CONN. Location and description. On the north shore of Long Island Sound, about 44 miles east of New York City. It consists of a broad outer bay, also known as Sheffield Island Harbor; an inner harbor, about one-half mile wide and 11/2 miles long; and the tidal portion of Norwalk River, 11/2 miles long, narrow and crooked. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Chart No. 221.) Original condition.-The minimum usable low-water depth was 5 feet to South Norwalk, about 312 miles, and thence to Norwalk, about 11/2 miles, the river was nearly bare at low tide. The head of navi- gation was at Norwalk. Previous projects.-The original project was adopted by the river and harbor act of June 10, 1872, and modified in 1880 and 1894. A second project adopted by the river and harbor act of June 3, 1896, was extended by the act of March 2, 1907, to provide a channel 8 feet deep and 100 feet wide from the railroad bridge at South Nor- walk up to Norwalk, with a basin of the same depth at the head of navigation, and a channel 6 feet deep and 75 feet wide to the wharves at East Norwalk. The cost and expenditures on these projects were 1 Exclusive of available funds. SExclusive of $39,000 to be contributed by local interests. 136 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, g932 $162,516.81 for new work and $66,120.44 for maintenance, a total of $228,637.25. For further details see page 1757 of Annual Report for 1915. Eisting project.-This provides for a channel 12 feet deep from the outer harbor to the highway bridge at South Norwalk, about 31/ miles, 200 feet wide to Dorlons Point, thence 150 feet wide to South Norwalk, and 250 feet wide along the South Norwalk wharves; an anchorage basin 10 feet deep and about 17 acres in. area opposite Fitchs Point; a channel 10 feet deep and generally 100 feet wide from South Norwalk to the head of navigation at Norwalk, about 1.5 miles; and for the maintenance of the channel 6 feet deep and 75 feet wide along the east side of the harbor to the head of naviga- tion at East Norwalk. The reference plane is mean low water, the mean tidal range being 6.8 feet. The maximum range due to the combined effect of wind and other causes is 12 feet or more. The estimate of cost for new work, revised in 1927, is $284,000, exclusive of amounts expended on previous projects. The latest (1919) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $8,000 for the first three years and $4,000 thereafter. The existing project was adopted by the river and harbor act of March 2 1919. (H. Doc. No. 1143, 63d Cong., 2d sess.) For the latest published map see the project document. Recoimmended modifications of project.-None. Local cooperation.-The river and harbor act of March 2, 1919, adopted the existing project with the proviso that no part of the appropriation " shall be expended until the Secretary of War shall have received satisfactory assurances that local interests will con- struct such public wharfage facilities as in his opinion are required in the interest of commerce." The requirements of this act have been fully met. Expenditure of funds appropriated by the above act was authorized by the Secretary of War under date of May 16, 1928. The city of Norwalk has constructed a suitable wharf adjacent to the Washington Street highway bridge. Terminal facilities.-The general type of construction is a stone or timber bulkhead with earth fill, in front of which is a narrow pile apron, except that the lower wharves at South Norwalk are narrow, open-pile piers with slips 100 to 200 feet long between them. The developed frontage is over one-half mile at Norwalk, about three-fourths mile at South Norwalk, and a few hundred feet at East Norwalk. The city of Norwalk owns a small wharf on the east side of the river near the basin at Norwalk and has constructed a second wharf at South Norwalk, which is temporarily out of com- mission. The facilities are considered adequate for the existing com- merce. The total length of berthing space available is 6,165 feet, of which 2,360 feet, including 320 feet owned by the municipality, is open to public use, and the remainder is privately owned and so used. (For further details see H. Doc. No. 652, 66th Cong., 2d sess., and Port Series No. 18, Corps of Engineers.) Operations and results during fiscal year.-There were. no opera- tions, no costs, and no expenditures. Condition at end of fiscal year.-The project was completed in 1929 at a saving of $27,310.28 under the estimated cost. The con- trolling depths at mean low water are: To Gregorys Point, nearly RIVERS AND HARBORS---PROVIDENCE, R. I., DISTRICT 137 13 feet as determined in 1930; thence to Washington Street Bridge at South Norwalk, 11 feet; in the anchorage basin, 8 to 11 feet; be- tween South Norwalk and Norwalk, about 9 feet (not full width); and in the East Norwalk Channel, about 5 feet nearly to the head,. all as determined in 1932. The head of navigation is at Norwalk. The costs under the existing project have been $256,689.72 for new work and $72,457.53 for maintenance, a total of $329,147.25; and the total expenditures, $329,147.25. Proposed operations.-It is proposed to apply the funds unex- pended on June 30, 1932, amounting to $628.50, to such maintenance contingencies as may be necessary throughout the year. No funds can be profitably expended during the fiscal year 1934, as the channels are believed to be in condition to meet the require- ments of existing traffic. Commercial statistics.-The principal items of freight for the cal- endar year were building materials, coal, petroleum products, and oysters. The bulk of the tonnage was carried on drafts from 9 to 12 feet. There was an increase in tonnage of about 2 per cent from that reported for 1930, due mainly to the increase of traffic in petroleum products being greater than the decrease in building material... Comparative statement Calendar year Tons Value Calendar year Tons Value 1927 -------------------- .... 123, 818 $5, 594, 627 1930------... --------- 127, 534 $3, 417, 063 1928--___-------_ _------ _151, 783 5, 369, 914 1931--------------------130, 156 3, 400, 610 1929--- __-_____----- -_140, 737 5,576,421 Cost and flan4ecial summary Cost of new work to June 30, 1932. 419, 206. 53 $------------------------- Cost of maintenance to June 30, 1932------------------ 138, 577.97 Total cost of permanent work to June 30, 1932------------557,. 784. 50 Net total expenditures------------------------------------ 557, 784. 50 Unexpended balance June 30, 1932----------------------------- 628. 50 Total amount appropriated to June 30, 1932_------- 558, 413. 00 Fiscal year ending June 30 1928 1929 1930 1931 1932 Cost of new work-_-_________--------- $276. 86 $56, 498. 08 $149. 65------------ ___ Cost of maintenance.---------------------- 679. 17 14, 381.70 8, 331.86 $38, 264.44 - Total cost----.........------- ..........-------------- 956. 03 70, 879. 78 8, 481. 51 38, 264. 44 Total expended---- ....------------ -------- 1, 691. 08 70, 139. 73 6, 069. 06 40, 676. 89 --- --- Allotted....................-------------------- - 00--.... 65,000.000. ... 35,000.00 -4,000.00 Balance unexpended July 1, 1931- $628.50 Balance unexpended June 30, 1932_-- 628. 50 26. STAMFORD HARBOR, CONN. Location and desc'iption.-On the north shore of Long Island Sound. 36 miles east of New York City. It consists of a bay about 2 miles wide at its mouth and extending inland 11/ miles, from 138 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 19 3 2 which two tidal inlets, known as the east and west branches, 11/2 and 11/ miles long, respectively, extend northerly into the city of Stam- ford. The east branch, known locally as the " Canal," is largely artificial; the west branch is the tidal portion of Mill River, a small fresh-water stream. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Chart No. 221.) Original condition.-The minimum usable low-water depth in the west branch was from 1 to 3 feet at the head, increasing m the bay to 12 feet; the depth in the east branch was small, but this branch had been straightened and dredged about 61/2 feet deep and 60 feet wide by private enterprise before its improvement was begun by the United States. The head of navigation in the east and west branches was and is about 11/2 and 11/5 miles, respectively, above the head of the bay. Mill River is said to have been originally navigable by schooners for a considerable distance above the Oliver Street Bridge, at the head of the existing west-branch channel. Previous projects.-The original project was adopted by the act of August 5, 1886. A second project, adopted by the act of July 13, 1892, and modified in 1901 by departmental authority, provided for a channel in the west branch 7 feet deep at mean low water, 150 feet wide, and about 11/5 miles long, with a basin of the same depth be- tween harbor lines at the head of the harbor, and in the east branch a channel 9 feet deep at mean low water and 100 feet wide for a length of about 8,535 feet and from about 80 to 125 feet wide for about 1,200 feet farther to the head of the harbor. The cost and expenditures on these projects were $135,142.85 for new work and $59,419.99 for maintenance, a total of $194,562.84. For further de- tails see page 1758 of Annual Report for 1915. Existing project.-This provides for an entrance channel 12 feet deep, 200 feet wide, and about 0.6 mile long; a channel in the east branch 12 feet deep and 100 feet wide, with increased width at the turns, to a point 1,100 feet from the head of navigation, thence of the same depth and from 85 to 125 feet wide to the head of naviga- tion, a total distance of about 1.5 miles; a channel in the west branch 9 feet deep, 100 feet wide, and about three-fourths mile long, and a basin of the same depth and 200 feet wide at the head of the branch. The plane of reference is mean low water, the mean tidal range being 7.3 feet. The extreme tidal range, due to the combined effects of wind and other causes, is 12 feet or more. The estimate of cost for new work, revised in 1928, is $205,000, exclusive of amounts expended on previous projects. The latest (1932) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $10,000. The existing project was adopted by the river and harbor act of March 2, 1919 (H. Doc. No. 1130, 63d Cong., 2d sess.). For the latest published map see the project document. Recommended modification of project.-None. Local cooperation.-The river and harbor act of March 2, 1919, adopted the existing project with the provisos "That no expense shall be incurred by the United States for acquiring any lands re- quired for the purpose of this improvement " and " That no part of the appropriation shall be expended until the Secretary of War shall have received satisfactory assurances that local interests will con- struct a suitable public wharf." RIVERS AND HARBORS-PROVIDENCE, R. I., DISTRICT 139 The city of Stamford has completed the construction of a wharf on city property located on the east branch of the harbor and satis- factory releases have been secured covering the necessary lands. Expenditure of funds appropriated by the above act was authorized by the Secretary of War November 18, 1919. Prior to the adoption of the original project a channel 61/2 feet deep and 60 feet wide had been dredged to the head of the east branch by private interests, at a cost said to be about $250,000. Private interests have deepened the west branch channel and the lower end of the basin to 12 feet at a cost of about $16,000. Terminal facilities.-Practicallyall of the wharves served by this improvement are of the shore-line bulkhead type, either with or without pile aprons. In the west branch they surround the basin at the head of the channel. In the east branch they are located on both sides of the channel, within 3,000 feet of its head. The total frontage developed is over one-half mile in the west branch and nearly a mile in the east branch. Railroad connection exists at the head of the east branch and along the wharves on the west side. There is no publicly owned terminal in the west branch, but the city of Stamford has constructed one in the east branch. The total length of berthing space available is 6,015 feet, of which 2,425 feet, including 200 feet owned by the city, is open to public use, and the remainder is privately owned and so used. The facilities are con- sidered adequate for the existing commerce. (For further details see H. Doc. No. 652, 66th Cong., 2d sess., and Port Series No. 18, Corps of Engineers.) Operations and results during fiseal year.-Contractdredging for maintenance restored the channel and basin in the west branch to project dimensions by the removal of 83,101 cubic yards of material. The costs were $25,545.62, applied to maintenance, and the expendi- tures $25,736.14. Condition at end of fiscal year.-The project is practically com- pleted. The entrance channel and the west-branch channel and basin have been completed, and the east-branch channel has been completed except for a slight deficiency in width in the turn opposite Ludlow Street. On June 30, 1932, the controlling depths at mean low water were: In the entrance channel, 12 feet (not full width); in the east branch, nearly 12 feet in a narrow channel nearly to the head, about 10 feet at the head; in the west branch nearly 13 feet to the basin, and in the basin, 10 feet nearly to the head. To complete the project requires a slight widening (not essential to navigation) in the channel opposite Ludlow Street. Costs under the existing project have been $188,414.94 for new work and $64,428.37 for main- tenance, a total of $252,843.31; and the total expenditures, $253,345.28. Proposed operations.-The balance unexpended at the end of the year amounting to $2,452.41, together with an allotment of $29,000 made during July, 1932, will be applied to maintenance dredging, by contract, July-October, 1932, involving the removal of about 135,000 cubic yards. No additional funds can be profitably expended during the fiscal year 1934, as the completion of the above dredging will leave the harbor channels in condition to meet the needs of commerce for several years. 140 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1932 Commercial statistics.--The principal items of freight for the cal- endar year were coal, building materials, petroleum products, auto- mobiles, and general package freight, carried in steamers, barges, and motor vessels drawing 7 to 14 feet. There was a decrease in tonnage of about 27 per cent from that reported for 1930, due to decreased traffic in all the above-named items. Comparative statement Calendar Tons Value Passengers Calendar Tons Value Passengers year year 1927....------... 419,920 $26,617,913 45, 376 1930....-------- 425,600 $45,649,101 79,701 1928....-----....--- 438,986 27,843,145 63,459 1931....-------- 312,281 33,349,492 74,382 1929--------........ 450,655 31, 164,615 65, 794 Cost and finanoial summary Cost of new work to June 30, 1932-------------------------- $323, 557. 79 Cost of maintenance to June 30, 1932 ---------- 123, 848. 36 Total cost of permanent work to June 30, 1932----------- 447, 406. 15 Value of plant, materials, etc., on hand June 30, 1932-- --------- 501. 97 Net total cost to June 30, 1932------------------------ 447, 908. 12 Net total expenditures--- -------------------------------- 447, 908.12 Unexpended balance June 30, 1932---------------------------- 2,452. 41 Total amount appropriated to June 30, 1932------------ 450, 360. 53 Fiscal year ending June 30 1928 1929 1930 1931 1932 Cost of new work.. ------------------- ,Cost of maintenance--...._....------------------- $123. 18 $18. 37 ---------------------- $25, 545. 62 rTotal expended- _--_---_ --------- .---- 123. 18 18.37 ------------ $311.45 25,736. 14 Allotted --------------- ---------------------------------------- 34, 500.00 -6,000. 00 Balance unexpended July 1, 1931_---------------------------- $34, 188.55 Deductions on account of revocation of allotment----------------- 6,000. 00 Net amount to be accounted for---------------------- 28, 188. 55 Gross amount expended ----------------------------------- 25,736. 14 Balance unexpended June 30, 1932----------------- 2,452. 41 Amount allotted from War Department appropriation act approved July 14, 1932----------- ------------------- ------------- 29, 000.00 Balance available for fiscal year 1933--------------------- 31, 452. 41 Amount (estimated) required to be appropriated for completion of --- - -- -- -- -- - - -- - -- - -- - - -- - -- - -- -- -- -- - existing project 1 - 16, 500. 00 27. GREENWICH HARBOR, CONN. Location and description.-On the north shore of Long Island Sound, about 30 miles east of New York City. It consists of a shal- low cove varying in width from about 1,500 to 200 feet, and extend- 1 Exclusive of available funds. RIVERS AND HARBORS-PROVIDENCE, R. I., DISTRICT 141 ing northward about 3,000 feet from a broad outer bay known as Captains Harbor. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Chart No. 222.) Original condition.-The minimum usable low-water depth was 6 feet at the lower docks, decreasing to 2 feet at the head of the har- bor, which was also the head of navigation, about 0.6 mile above the outer bay. Previous projects.-The original project adopted by the river and harbor act of June 3, 1896, provided for a channel 90 feet wide from the outer bay to the causeway at the.head of navigation, 9 feet deep to the steamboat wharf and 6 feet deep above, the upper end to be enlarged to form a turning basin. The cost and expenditures under this project were $17,017.19 for new work and $12,906.51 for mainte- iiance, a total of $29,923.70. Existing project.-This provides for a channel 12 feet deep at mean low water from the 12-foot curve in Long Island Sound to a point 500 feet from the causeway at the head of the harbor, about 1.2 miles, 130 feet wide in the outer harbor and 100 feet wide along the water front. The mean tidal range is 7.5 feet, and the extreme range, due to the combined effects of wind and other causes, is 12 feet or more. * The estimate of cost for new work, made in 1919, is $49,000, exclu- sive of amounts expended on previous projects. The latest (1928) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $2,250. The existing project was adopted by the river and harbor act of March 2, 1919 (H. Doc. No. 289, 63d Cong., 1st sess.). For the latest published map, see the project document. Recommended modifications of project.-None. Local cooperation.-No conditions for local cooperation were pre- scribed by law at the time of the adoption of the project. A small amount of dredging has been done by private interests at an unknown cost that has provided additional anchorage space and has tended to reduce the cost of subsequent operations by the United States. Terminal facilities.-There are eight wharves of the bulkhead and apron type along the eastern side of the channel and at the head of the harbor, six of which are in commercial use, and also several landings for pleasure craft. Public use of several of these wharves may be had by special agreement. There is no direct physical con- nection with the railroad. The town of Greenwich owns two small unimproved wharves, neither of which is accessible to commercial vessels. The facilities are considered adequate for the existing com- merce. (For further details see H. Doc. No. 652, 66th Cong., 2d sess.) Operations and result during fiscal year.--Contract dredging for maintenance restored the channel to project dimensions by the re- moval of 41,761 cubic yards of material. The costs were $14,982.66, applied to maintenance, and the expenditures $14,751.67. Condition at end of fiscalV ea.-The existing project was com- pleted in 1924 at a saving of $11,704 under the estimated cost. The controlling depths on October 31, 1931, were nearly 13 feet to the head of the dredged channel. The costs under the project have been •$37,295.45 for new work and $30,263.39 for maintenance, a total of $67,556884; and total expenditures $67,558.84. 142 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1932 Proposed operations.--It is proposed to apply the funds unex- pended on June 30, 1932, amounting to $1,017.34, to such mainte- nance and contingencies as may be necessary throughout the year. No funds can be profitably expended during the fiscal year 1934, as the channel is believed to be in condition to meet the needs of com- merce for several years. Commercial statistics.-The principal items of freight for the cal- endar year were coal, sand and mixtures, stone, cinders, and cement, carried in barges, schooners, and motor vessels drawing from 4 to 13 feet. There was a decrease in tonnage of about 8 per cent from that reported for 1930, due to decreased traffic in sand and mixtures. Comparative statement Calendar Tons Value Passengers Calear Tons Value Passengers year year 1927--------........ 233, 475 $20, 291,205 27, 023 1930--------........ 137, 476 $665, 201 ........... 1928........ 211, 843 21, 192, 804 77, 184 1931--------........ 126, 084 556, 439 ----------- 1929-------- 183, 299 20, 346,961 90,787 Cost and financial uwmmary Cost of new work to June 30, 1932-----------------------------$54, 312. 64 Cost of maintenance to June 30, 1932------------------------ 43, 169. 90 Total cost of permanent work to June 30, 1932------------- 97, 482. 54 Net total expenditures------------------------------------- 97, 482. 54 Unexpended balance June 30, 1932 , 017. 34 1------------------------- Total amount appropriated to June 30, 1932--------------- 98, 499. 88 Fiscal year ending June 30 1928 1929 1930 1931 1932 Cost of new work.... ---------------- Cost of maintenance-----------...... ---------- ---------- ----------------------------------- $14,982.66 Total expended....--------------------------------------------------.......... $230.99 14, 751.67 Allotted------- ...------------------- -------------------------- ---------- 16, 000.00 -----.....-. Balance unexpended July 1, 1931 $15, 769.01 Gross amount expended ------------------------------------ 14, 751.67 Balance unexpended June 30, 1932------------ ----------- 1, 017.34 28. HAY (WEST) HARBOR, N. Y. This project was completed in 1931 at a saving of about $4,100 under the estimated cost. No expenditures were made during the fiscal year and no funds are available. No maintenance is necessary at the present time as the channel is believed to be in good condition. For further details see Annual Report for 1931, page 156. Commercial statistics.-The principal items of freight for the cal- endar year were automobiles, general package freight, stone, coal, sand and gravel, and petroleum products, carried in steamers, motor vessels, and barges drawing from 8 to 11 feet. About 79 per, cent of RIVERS AND HARBORS-PROVIDENCE, R. I., DISTRICT 143 the tonnage was carried on the regular transportation line from New London on 8 to 10 feet draft. There was a decrease in total tonnage of about 9 per cent from that reported for 1930, due to decreased traffic in general package freight and automobiles. Compartive statement of traffic Calendar year Tons Value Passengers 1930_ __.. - .---------------------------------------------------- 28, 750 $16, 328, 700 77, 376 1931 ---------------------------------------------------- 26, 078 12, 945, 285 63, 441 Cost and financial summary Cost of new work to June 30, 1932-------------------------- $8, 401.15 Cost of maintenance to June 30, 1932------------- ------------------- Total cost of permanent work to June 30, 1932-------------8, 401. 15 Net total expenditures------------------------------------ 8, 401. 15 Total amount appropriated to June 30, 1932 .-------------------- 8, 401.15 Fiscal year ending June 30 1928 1929 1930 1931 1932 Cost of new work------------------- ------------------------------- $8,401.15 --- Cost of maintenance...---------...........----.---.....-..........----------- Total expended---------------------------------------------------- 8,401.15 --------..........-- Allotted...------....---------.---------. ---------------..... ------- ----------- 9, 000.00 -$598.8 Balance unexpended July 1, 1931__------------ ------------------ $598.85 Deductions on account of revocation of allotment------------- ----- 598. 85 29. EXAMINATIONS, SURVEYS, AND CONTINGENCIES (GENERAL) Operations under this heading comprise the making of preliminary examinations and surveys for navigation, called for by river and harbor acts and by resolutions of the committees of Congress (not including those investigations provided for in H. Doc. No. 308, 69th Cong., 1st sess., or by sec. 10 of the flood control act of May 15, 1928) ; collection of commercial statistics; miscellaneous surveys, inspections, and estimates; permit and bridge inspections; harbor-line studies; fish-net inspections; administration charges incurred in connection with inactive river and harbor projects; and minor routine navigation investigations. The cost of work during the year amounted to $38,513.21; the expenditures were $38,940.34. The balance unex- pended and accounts receivable on June 30, 1932, amounting to $624.68, together with an allotment of $20,000 made during July, 1932, will be applied as needed during the fiscal year 1933 to payment of expenses incurred in connection with the above items. The addi- tion sum of $24,000 can be profitably expended during the fiscal year ending June 30, 1934. Cost uandfltnancial summary Cost of maintenance to June 30, 1932---.... 896. 05 $---------------------86, Value of plant, materials, etc., on hand June 30, 1932_- __ -- _-. 79. 29 Net total cost to June 30, 1932--..... --- _---- 86, 975. 34 140960---ENG 1932-- 10 144 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1932 Plus accounts receivable June 30, 1a"4 , '------------------------- $91.33 Gross total costs to June 380, 1932 92-- - - -. 87, 066.67 Minus accounts payable June 80, 1932 - ..- - - 100. 02 Net total expenditures-- . ----- -------------------------- 86, 966. 65 Unexpended balance June 30, 1932. -------------------------------- 533. 35 Total amount appropriated to June 30, 1932---- ---- _____ - 87, 500. 00 Fiscal year ending June 30 1928 1929 1930 1931 1932 Cost of new work..-- Cost of maintenance.------------------- ------- ---- $15, 199. 44 $17, 512. 44 $15, 670. 96 $38, 513. 21 Total cost....... -------------------- ------------ 15,199. 44 17, 512. 44 15, 670. 96 38, 513. 21 Total expended -------------------- ------------ 16, 085. 72 16, 363. 59 15, 577. 00 38, 940. 34 Allotted-----.......----------------------.......................... $6,000.00 23, 500. 00 16, 000. 00 21, 000.00 21, 000.00 Balance unexpended July 1, 1931---------------------- $18, 473. 69 Amount allotted from War Department appropriation act approved May 28, 1930--.---------------------- $1, 500. 00 Amount allotted from War Department appropriation act approved Feb. 23, 1931----- 500. 00 1--------------------9, 21, 000. 00 Amount to be accounted for- - __-- _ _------ _------- 39, 473. 69 Gross amount expended ------------ 40, 890. 62 Less reimbursements collected- __------ ---- 1, 950. 28 38, 940. 34 Balance unexpended Jun( 533. 35 Outstanding liabilities June 30, 1932---------------- 100. 02 Balance available June 30, 1932--------------------------- 433. 33 Accounts receivable June 30, 1932------ ----------------------- 91. 33 Unobligated balance available June 30, 1932----------------- 524. 66 Amount allotted from War Department appropriation act approved July 14, 1932-------------- --------- ----------------- 20, 000. 00 Balance available for fiscal year 1933--------------------20, 524. 66 Amount that can be profitably expended in fiscal year ending June --- --- -- --- ---- --- ---- ----- - --- - 30, 1934, for maintenance 1---- 24, 000. 00 EXAMINATIONS AND SURVEYS MADE IN COMPLIANCE WITH THE RIVER AND HARBOR ACT APPROVED JULY 3, 19 3 0 Reports on preliminary examinations and surveys required by the river and harbor act approved July 3, 1930, of the following locali- ties within this district were duly submitted by the district and divi- sion engineers. They were reviewed by the Board of Engineers for Rivers and Harbors, pursuant to law, and were transmitted to Con- gress but have not yet been printed: 1. Preliminary eamtinaion of Marion Harbor,Mass.--Reports by the district and division engineers were transmitted to Congress De- cember 10, 1931. The improvement of this locality by the United States is not deemed advisable at the present time. 1 Exclusive of available funds. RIVERS AND HARBORS-PROVIDENCE, R. I., DISTRICT 145 2. Preliminary examinnation of Edgartown Harbor, Mass.-Re- ports by the district and division engineers were transmitted to Congress December 9, 1931. The improvement of this locality by the United States is not deemed advisable at the present time. 3. Preliminary examination of Wood Hole Channel, Mas.--Re- ports by the district and division engineers were transmitted to Congress December 14, 1931. The improvement of this locality by the United States is not deemed advisable at the present time. 4. Preliminaryexamnation of Nantucket Harbor,Mass.-Reports by the district and division engineers were transmitted to Congress December 10, 1931. The improvement of this locality, other than as authorized by the existing project, is not deemed advisable at the present time. 5. Preliminaryexamination of entrance to Great Salt Pond, Block Island, R. I., and the East Harbor at Block Island, R. I.-Reports by the district and division engineers were transmitted to Congress June 13, 1932. The improvement of these localities, other than as authorized by the existing project, is not deemed advisable at the present time. 6. Preliminaryexamination of Old Warwick Cove, Town of War- wick, Kent County, R. I.-Reports by the district and division engi- neers were transmitted to Congress December 10, 1931. The im- provement of this locality by the United States is not deemed advisable at the present time. 7. Preliminary examination of Yantic River, Conn.-Reports by the district and division engineers were transmitted to Congress December 14, 1931. The improvement of this locality by the United States is not deemed advisable at the present time. 8. Preliminary examination and survey of New London Harbor, Conn.-Reports by the district and division engineers were trans- mitted to Congress March 2, 1932. The improvement of this locality, other than as authorized by the existing project, is not deemed advisable at the present time. 9. Preliminaryexamrination of Branford Harbor, Conn.-Reports by the district and division engineers were transmitted to Congress December 7, 1931. The improvement of this locality, other than as authorized by the existing project, is not deemed advisable at the present time. The local engineer was also charged with the duty of making other preliminary examinations and surveys provided for by the river and harbor act approved July 3, 1930, as follows: 1. Pawtucket River, R. I.-Reports dated February 5, 1932, and February 26, 1932, by the district and division engineers on prelimi- nary examination were received. The survey is in progress. '2. Entrance to the channel of Salt Pond, sometimes called Point Judith Pond.-Reports dated March 27, 1931, and April 8, 1931, by the district and division engineers on preliminary examination are pending before the Board of Engineers for Rivers and Harbors, and will probably be acted upon during the fiscal year 1933. 3. Clinton Harbor, Con.-Reports dated May 20, 1931, and March 30, 1932, by the district engineer, and July 18, 1931, and July 1, 1932, by the division engineer, on preliminary examination and survey are receiving consideration by the Board of Engineers for Rivers and Harbors. 146 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1932 4. Connectic t River belowi Hartford, Con.-Reports dated Jan- uary 19, 1931, and January 24, 1931, by the district and division engineers, on preliminary examination were received. The survey is in progress. 5. Connecticut River between Hartford, Conn., and Springfield and Holyoke, Mass.-Reports dated November 28, 1930, and Decem- ber 6, 1930, by the district and division engineers, on preliminary examination are pending before the Chief of Engineers awaiting receipt of additional information requested from the division engineer. 6. New Haven Harbor, Conn.-Reports dated December 30, 1930, and January 30, 1932, by the district engineer, and January 14, 1931, and June 3, 1932, by the division engineer, on preliminary exami- nation and survey are receiving consideration by the Board of Engineers for Rivers and Harbors. REPORTS MADE IN COMPLIANCE WITH RESOLUTIONS OF THE COMMITTEE ON COMMERCE, UNITED STATES SENATE, AND THE COMMITTEE ON RIVERS AND HARBORS, HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES By resolution of the Committee on Commerce, United States Sen- ate, adopted February 1, 1929, a review of reports on Block Island Harbor of Refuge, R. I., printed in House Document No. 828, Six- tieth Congress, first session, was requested. Report thereon was transmitted to Congress June 13, 1932, but has not yet been printed. The improvement of this locality, other than as authorized by the existing project, is not deemed advisable at the present time. By resolution of the Committee on Rivers and Harbors, House of Representatives, adopted August 25, 1928, a review of prior reports on New London Harbor, Conn., was requested. Report thereon was transmitted to Congress March 2, 1932, but has not yet been printed. The improvement of this locality, other than as authorized by the existing project, is not deemed advisable at the present time. Reports indicated below, called for by resolutions of the Commit- tee on Rivers and Harbors, House of Representatives, will be sub- mitted as soon as practicable: 1. Review of reports on the Connecticut River, between Hartford, Conn., and Holyoke, Mass., printed in River and Harbor Committee Document No. 36, Seventy-first Congress, second session. Reports dated June 10, 1931, and November 27, 1931, by the district and divi- sion engineers, are pending before the Chief of Engineers awaiting receipt of additional information requested from the division engi- neer. 2. Review of reports on the Mianus River, Conn., printed in House Document No. 783, Sixty-fourth Congress, first session. Reports dated July 30, 1931, and September 11, 1931, by the district and division engineers, are held in abeyance by the Board of Engineers for Rivers and Harbors at the request of local interests. 3. Review of report on Vineyard Haven Harbor, Mass., submitted in response to provisions in section 4 of the river and harbor act ap- proved January 21, 1927. Reports dated May 15, 1931, and May 5, 1932, by the district engineer, and August 12, 1931, and June 10, 1932, by the division engineer, are receiving consideration by the Board of Engineers for Rivers and Harbors. RIVERS AND HARBORS--FIRST NEW YORK, N. Y., DISTRICT 147 4. Review of reports on Pawioatuck River, R. I., printed in House Document No. 62, Fift -fourth Congress, first session. The district and division engineers have been requested to submit reports. 5. Review of reports on Harbor of Refuge at Point Judith, R. I., printed in House Document No. 66, Fifty-first Congress, first session, and subsequent reports. The district and division engineers have been requested to submit reports. IMPROVEMENT OF RIVERS AND HARBORS IN THE FIRST NEW YORK, N. Y., DISTRICT This district includes all of the principal channels and anchorages of the greater part of the Lower and Upper Bays, New York Har- bor, from the Battery, New York City, to the Atlantic Ocean; the rivers and harbors of Long Island, N. Y., Long Island Sound, and the rivers and harbors on its northern shore west of the Connecticut boundary line; East River from the head of Long Island Sound at Throgs Neck to the Battery, New York City, including its tributaries from the north; Hudson River and tributaries to the head of navi- gation about 250 miles north from the Battery; and Lake Cham- plain and tributaries from Whitehall, N. Y., to the Canadian border. District engineer: Col. G. M. Hoffman, Corps of Engineers, to November 30, 1931, and Col. G. R. Lukesh, Corps of Engineers, since that date. Division engineer: Col. W. J. Barden, Corps of Engineers, to November 30, 1931, and Col. G. M. Hoffman, Corps of Engineers, since that date. IMPROVEMENTS Page Page 1. Port Chester Harbor, N. Y__ 148 22. Bay Ridge and Red Hook 2. Mamaroneck Harbor, N. Y__ 151 Channels, N. Y_ 201 3. Echo Bay Harbor, N. Y____ 154 23. Buttermilk Channel, N. Y___ 205 4. New Rochelle Harbor, N. Y_ 157 24. Gowanus Creek Channel, 5. East Chester Creek, N. Y___ 159 N. Y-- 208 6. Westchester Creek, N. Y .. 162 25. East River, N. Y--_ _ 209 7. Bronx River, N. Y_ 165 26. Wallabout Channel, N. Y___ 218 8. Harbor at Flushing Bay, 27. Newtown Creek, N. Y- ... 219 N. Y--- 168 28. Harlem River, N. Y ....... 224 9. Manhasset Bay, N. Y ___ . 171 29. Hudson River Channel, 10. Hempstead Harbor, N. Y___ 173 N. Y- 229 11. Glencove Creek, N. Y _____ 174 30. New York Harbor: Collec- 12. Huntington Harbor, N. Y___ 175 tion of drift____ .____ 236 13. 14. 15. Port Jefferson Harbor, N. Y_ Mattituck Harbor, N. Y ---- Great South Bay, N. Y_____ 176 179 179 31. Tarrytown Harbor, N. Y___ 32. Peekskill Harbor, N. Y 33. Wappinger Creek, N. Y_ ___ 237 240 240 16. Browns Creek, N. Y _------ 180 34. Rondout Harbor, N. Y .... 241 17. East Rockaway (Debs) In- 35. Saugerties Harbor, N. Y . 242 let, N. Y----------------- 181 36. Hudson River, N. Y __ 243 18. Jamaica Bay, N. Y 183 37. Operating and care of lock 19. Sheepshead Bay, N. Y_- 188 and dam in Hudson River 20. New York Harbor: Am- at Troy, N. Y--__________ 254 brose, Main Ship, Bayside, 38. Narrows of Lake Cham- and Gedney Channels, in- plain, N. Y. and Vt .... 255 cluding Anchorage Chan- 39. Burlington Harbor, Vt ___ 259 nel and Craven Shoal and 40. Plattsburg Harbor, N. Y ... 259 channel between Staten 41. Port Henry Harbor, N. Y_. 260 Island and Hoffman and 42. Otter Creek, Vt------- -- 261 Swinburne Islands, N. Y_ 189 43. Examinations, surveys, and 21. Coney Island Channel, N. Y. 198 contingencies (general) 263 148 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1932 1. PORT CHESTER HARBOR, N. Y. Location and description.-This harbor, located at the boundary between the States of New York and Connecticut, and about 32 miles, by water east of the Battery, New York City, consists of the Byram River and a shallow bay at its mouth, about-100 acres in extent,. opening into Long Island Sound. About 1.4 miles above its mouth at the head of navigation, the river is crossed by a fixed bridge. The source of the river is about 13 miles north of the bridge. Below the bridge the river is tidal and from 100 to 300 feet wide. The anchor- age basin in the bay is protected from storms in the Sound by Manursing Island on the south and a breakwater completed by the United States in 1895 and extending out from Byram Point on the east. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Chart No. 222.) Original condition.-The river had a mean low-water depth of about 1 foot. Salt Rock in the river and Sunken Rock in the bay were considered to be dangerous obstructions. The head of naviga- tion was and is at the fixed bridge, about 13/4 miles from Long Island Sound. Previoau projects.-The original project for improvement, adopted June 10, 1872, was modified in 1884 (A. R. 1884, p. 712) and en- larged by river and harbor acts of March 3, 1899, and March 2, 1907.. The cost and expenditures under this project prior to the commence- ment of work under the existing project in 1910 were $74,995.10 for new work and $16,369.12 for maintenance, a total of $91,364.22. For further details see Annual Report for 1915, page 1758. Existing project.-This provides for an anchorage basin near the breakwater, 12 feet deep, for fenders on the east bank opposite the southern end of Fox Island, and for a channel 12 feet deep at mean low water and 150 feet wide from Long Island Sound to the mouth: of the river at the southerly point of Fox Island; thence 10 feet deep and 100 feet wide to 900 feet below the fixed bridge at Mill Street in Port Chester, including a turning basin opposite the steam- boat landing; and thence 3 feet deep and 175 to 100 feet wide to, 100 feet below the fixed bridge. The length of the section included in the project is about 15/g miles. Mean tidal range, 7.1 feet; mean range of spring tides, 8.4 feet; irregular fluctuations due to wind and barometric pressure vary from 4 feet below mean low water up to 4.5 feet above mean high water. The estimate of cost for new work, revised in 1930, is $454,000, exclusive of amounts expended on previous projects, of which $5,500 is to be contributed by local interests. The latest (1927) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance after completion is $3,000. The existing project was adopted by the river and harbor act of June 25, 1910 (H. Doc. No. 1165, 60th Cong., 2d sess.), and modified by the river and harbor act of July 3, 1930 (R. & H. Com. Doc. No. 23, 70th Cong., 2d sess.), the latter act providing for widening the turning basin, for an anchorage basin, and for fenders on the east bank. The latest published maps are in the project documents. Recommended modifications of project.-None. Local cooperation.-The river and harbor act of July 3, 1930, pro- vides that local interests shall contribute $5,500 in cash toward wid- ening the channel at the turning basin. This condition has not been. complied with. RIVERS AND HARBORS-FIRST NEW YORK, N. Y., DISTRICT 149 About 1893, the local authorities, aided by private interests, ex- pended $1,200 in dredging the channel above Fox Island previously excavated by the United States. Terminal facilities.-Water terminals, 24 in number, with avail- able dockage of 3,697 feet, are located on Byram River at and between Fox Island and the fixed bridge; one of these is connected with the main line of railroad by spur track. One terminal, with avail- able dockage of 75 feet, is publicly owned, but is not used because of its inconvenient location; 18, with available dockage of 3,422 feet, are either corporately or privately owned; and 3 consist of earth slopes occupied by trestles supporting pipe lines. Other details are as follows: 11 with available dockage of 1,728 feet consist of solid fills behind stone bulkheads; 8 with available dockage of 1,369 feet consist of open pile with solid fills behind stone bulkheads in rear; 2 with available dockage of 600 feet consist of solid fills behind timber bulkheads; and 3 consist of pile trestles supporting pipe lines. The existing facilities appear to be adequate for existing com- merce. (For further details see H. Doc. No. 652, 66th Cong., 2d sess.) Port Chester Harbor lies within the limits of the port dis- trict as recommended by the Port of New York Authority December 21, 1921. (See under Terminal facilities, New York Harbor, p. 190, of this report.) Operations and results, during fiscal year.-The U. S. pipe-line dredge De Witt Clinton was employed from May 5, 1932, to June 3, 1932, in dredging the anchorage basin at Byram Point. There were removed 143,490 cubic yards of clay, mud, and hardpan, at a cost of $13,731.51 for new work. A contract dated June 10, 1932, was entered into for dredging and rock removal, opposite Purdy Grove, approximately 675 cubic yards of rock and 19,775 cubic yards of other material, place measurement. No work was done up to the end of the fiscal year. The cost of a survey preparatory to contract was $4,503.53 for new work. The cost of a special survey was $102.46 for maintenance. The total cost of all work was $18,337.50-$18,235.04 for new work and $102.46 for maintenance. The total expenditures amounted to $18,170.17. Condition at end of fiscal year.-About 72 per cent of the existing project has been completed. The work remaining to be done, under the existing project, consists in the removal of scattering rock shoals, widening the turning basin, and constructing fenders on the bank opposite the southern end of Fox Island. When examined in May, 1931, and May-June, 1932, the controlling mean low water depth was 12 feet for a width of 150 feet from Long Island Sound to Byram Point just below Fox Island, the anchorage basin is 12 feet deep; thence to 600 feet north of Fox Island the depth was 10 feet for a width varying from 100 to 50 feet; to the turning basin 50 feet wide and 8 feet deep; in the turning basin it is about 10 feet deep, and to the head of the improvement it is about 3 feet deep and 80 feet wide. The total cost of the existing project up to June 30, 1932, was $379,813.06-$331,238.95 for new work and $48,574.11 for main- tenance. The total expenditures amounted to $379,579.03. 150 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1932 Proposed operations.-The balance unexpended, including ac- counts receivable, at the end of the year, amounting to $31,412.93, will be applied as follows: - Accounts payable June 30, 1932__ __ --------- ___ ____ $901. 78 New work: Complete by Oct. 1, 1932, under a contract in force for dredging and rock removal, the widening of the channel to project dimensions opposite Purdy Grove_------------------------_ 9,976.15 Maintenance: Complete by Oct. 1, 1932, under the above contract, the restoration of the channel to project dimensions from Fox Island to just below the turning basin_ ----- -___-------20, 535. 00 Total for all work----------------------------------- 31, 412.93 It is expected that the conditions of local cooperation imposed by the river and harbor act approved July 3, 1930, applying to the widening of the channel at the turning basin, will not be fully com- plied with in the next two years. It is believed that no additional maintenance dredging throughout the previously dredged channel will be necessary during the next two years. Therefore, no addi- tional funds can be profitably expended during the fiscal year end- ing June 30, 1934. Commercial statistics.-The commerce for the calendar year 1931 consisted mainly of building material, fuel oil, coal, refined oils, ashes, cinders, petroleum products, and lumber. Comparative statement Calendar year Tons Value Calendar year Tons Value 1927_......-...-._____- . 456,514 $17, 508,400 1930_ ------------------ 394, 470 $3, 831, 717 1928...-. .-------- - 484,206 10, 225, 921 1931. -------------------- 427, 247 2, 297, 333 -.-------- 1929.....- - 450, 444 10, 798, 993 The lower average per ton value for 1931 is due to revision of values. The commerce for 1931 was carried in vessels usually loaded to drafts of 5 to 14 feet. Cost and financial summary Cost of new work to June 30, 1932_ .... _ ----- ____-----_ $406, 234. 05 Cost of maintenance to June 30, 1932--------------------- 64, 943.23 Total cost of permanent work to June 30, 1932------------ 471, 177. 28 Plus accounts receivable June 30, 1932_______ - _ -__________ 667. 75 Gross total costs to June 30, 1932 __ __-__-_______-_ 471, 845. 03 Minus accounts payable June 30, 1932----- -- __ -- _______- 901.78 Net total expenditures-----_----- _---- --------- 470, 943.25 Unexpended balance June 30, 1932 ____------____-___ -30, 745.18 Total amount appropriated to June 30, 1932 __.___- __ 501, 688. 43 Fiscal year ending June 30 1928 1929 1930 1931 1932 Cost of new work- - ---.... - $107, 141.35 $955.03 ------------ $433. 42 $18, 235. 04 Cost of maintenance._ --------------- - 15, 417. 63 4, 717. 21 $4, 147. 63 437. 78 102. 46 Total cost.-..------------------. 122, 558. 98 5,672.24 4, 147.63 871. 20 18, 337. 50 Total expended---------------------............................ 125, 306. 06 5,829. 07 4, 105. 96 846. 17 18, 170. 17 Allotted ------- - . -................. 8, 100. 00 ---..--..-.-.---.-...---.....--. -44, 588.43 RIVERS AND HARBORS--FIRST NEW YORK, N. Y., DISTRICT 151 Balance unexpended July 1, 1931-------------------- ------- $4, 326. 92 Amount allotted from War Department appropriation act approved May 28, 1930---------------------------------------- 84,900.00 Amount to be accounted for_------------------ ------ 89, 226.92 Deductions on account of revocation of allotment ------------- 40, 311. 57 Net amount to be accounted for--------------------- 48, 915. 35 Gross amount expended---------------------------------- 18, 170.17 Balance unexpended June 30, 1932--------------------- 30, 745.18 Outstanding liabilities June 30, 1932-------------------- - 901. 78 Balance available June 30, 1932----- ------------ 29, 843. 40 Accounts receivable June 30, 1932 ---- ------ 667. 75 Unobligated balance available June 30, 1932--------------30, 511.15 Amount (estimated) required to be appropriated for completion of existing project 12 - - -- - - -- - - -- - -- - -- - -- - -- - -- - -- - -- - -- -- 107, 200. 00 2. MAMARONECK HARBOR, N. Y. Location and description.-This harbor, situated on the north shore of Long Island Sound, 5 miles west of the Connecticut State line, and 27 miles by water east of the Battery, New York City, con- sists of a tidal inlet opening into a shallow bay about 1 square mile in area. Mamaroneck River, the source of which is 7 miles north of the harbor, empties into the inlet at the head of navigation, which is marked by a fixed bridge at the Boston Post Road in the village of Mamaroneck, 1 mile above the head of the bay. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Chart No. 222.) Originalcondition.-A narrow winding channel passed to the west- ward of Grassy Knoll, a rocky obstruction situated 1,000 feet south of Harbor Island. It had a controlling depth of 4.6 feet at mean low water up to an old steamboat wharf on the island; above this, to wharves near the head of navigation just below the Boston Post Road, the controlling depth was less than 1 foot. A secondary channel passed to the east of Grassy Knoll and afforded a passage for a large part of the tidewaters. Outside the limits of these channels the harbor abounded in flats. Several rocks obstructed the mouth of the harbor and caused the wrecking of a number of vessels. Previous projects.--The original project for improvement was adopted by the river and harbor act of August 2, 1882, and modified April 27, 1899 (A. R. 1899, p. 126). A second project was adopted by the river and harbor act of July 25, 1912. The total cost and expenditures under previous projects prior to commencing work under the existing project in July, 1924, were $94,139.29-$80,724.43 for new work and $13,414.86 for maintenance. For further details see Annual Reports for 1915 and 1924, pages 1759 and 141, respectively. Evisting project.-This provides for an anchorage area near the head of navigation and for a channel 10 feet deep at mean low water and 100 feet bottom width from deep water in Long Island Sound to Orienta Point, and thence 80 feet bottom width following the lines of the project adopted by the river and harbor act of July 25, 1912 Exclusive of available funds. s In addition $5,500 is to be contributed by local interests. 152 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1932 (H. Doc. No. 1087, 61st Cong., 3d sess.), to a point about 150 feet below the Boston Post Road, with an extension having the same bottom width 300 feet northeast of the main channel, with widening at bends. Length of section included in project, 1/4 miles. Mean tidal range, 7.1 feet; mean range of spring tides, 8.4 feet; irregular fluctuations due to wind and barometric pressure vary from 4 feet below mean low water up to 4.5 feet above mean high water. Estimated cost for new work, made in 1919, $103,000, exclusive of amounts expended on previous projects; estimated cost of annual maintenance, made in 1919, $1,000. The existing project was adopted by the river and harbor act of September 22, 1922. (H. Doc. No. 651, 66th Cong., 2d sess.) The latest published map is printed in House Document No. 1087, Sixty- first Congress, third session. Recommended modifications of project.-None. Local cooperation.-The river and harbor act of July 25, 1912 required that easements for right of way and for the disposition of the dredged material on Harbor Island be furnished free of cost to the United States. The easements for right of way were approved by the Secretary of War May 20, 1913, and by July, 1913, the village authorities had completed the construction of a rubblestone wall around Harbor Island, at a cost of about $10,000, inclosing about 12 acres of marshland and land under water for the reception of mate- rial to be excavated in improving the harbor. In 1916 the Orienta Yacht Club dredged a channel through the flats north of Harbor Island from deep water in the main channel up to its landing, 60 feet wide, 6 feet deep, and 600 feet long, at a cost of $3,500. As required by the river and harbor act of September 22, 1922, in adopting the existing project, the village authorities provided ample dumping areas for the dredged materials and built a satisfactory pubhelic wharf. These authorities also dredged a channel about 1,400 feet long, extending from Bush Rock up to the pier at the foot of Meadow Street opposite the south shore of Harbor Island, at a cost of $27,955. The dredged material was used in improving the beach on the east side of Harbor Island. Terminal facilities.-Water terminals, five in number, with a total available dockage of 1,200 linear feet, are located near the head of navigation; one of the terminals with available dockage of about 260 feet is publicly owned; the remainder are privately owned, one of which, with available dockage of 60 feet, is open to the public. Other details are as follows: 1 with available dockage of 260 feet consists of open-pile construction, with solid fill behind stone bulkheads in the rear. 2 with available dockage of 300 feet consist of part open pile and part timber bulkhead construction. 1 with available dockage of 270 feet consists of dry rubblestone retaining wall. 1 with available dockage of 100 feet consists of open-pile construction with earth slope in rear. In accord with the conditions prescribed by Congress (see under Local cooperation) the village authorities have completed the con- struction of a wharf 228.5 feet long and 60 feet wide. While this wharf has but about half the length of that originally planned, it RIVERS AND HARBORS--FIRST NEW YORK, N. Y., DISTRICT 153 is believed to be of sufficient dimensions to afford ample accomo- dation for present and immediately prospective requirements of commerce. (For further details see H. Doc. No. 652, 66th Cong., 2d sess.) Mamaroneck Harbor lies within the limits of the port dis- trict as recommended by the Port of New York Authority, Decem- ber 21, 1921. (See under Terminal facilities, New York Harbor, p. 190 of this report.) Effect of improvement.-The widening of the channel has ren- dered access to the harbor easier and safer. Operations and results during fiscal year.-None. The cost of a survey preparatory to future dredging operations under the existing project was $1,538.27, for new work. The cost of contingencies was 'The $46.21, for maintenance. The total cost of all work was $1,584.48. expenditures amounted to $1,604.94. Condition at end of fiscal year.-About 75 per cent of the exist- ing project has been completed. The channel has been dredged to project dimensions except off the northeast point of Harbor Island, where the channel is narrowed somewhat by scattering points of ledge rock along the east side of the channel, and scattering areas of rock along the northern limits of the anchorage area, and in the chan- nel extending eastward from the main channel at the village wharf :near the head of navigation which reduce the depth to 8 feet at mean low water; the removal of these rock shoals will result in the completion of the project. The controlling mean low-water depth when examined in May, 1931, and March, 1932, was 10 feet through a channel 100 feet wide at the entrance in Long Island Sound, and gradually reducing in width to 70 feet opposite the northeast corner of Harbor Island, with the exception of a 1,400-foot stretch off Orienta Point having a depth of 9.5 feet; thence to the head of the improvement it was 7 feet for practically the full width of channel. The depth in the anchorage area was 9.3 feet. The total cost of the existing project up to June 30, 1932, was $106,560.71-$78,919.48 for new work and $27,641.23 for maintenance. The total expenditures amounted to $106,560.71. Proposed operations.-There are no funds available for this proj- ect. If funds become available, it is proposed to allot sufficient funds to provide for completion of the project, involving the removal of -rocks at the head of navigation. Commercial statistics.-The commerce for the calendar year 1931 .consisted of building material, coal, cinders, ashes, lumber, and riprap. Comparative statement Calendar year Tons Value Calendar year Tons Value 1927--- ---------------- 305,973 $908, 465 -------------------- 1930_ 292, 495 $441,068 1928 --------------------... 489,945 766,794 1931-------------------- 300, 954 415, 229 1929 --------------------.......... 427, 634 688, 753 The lower average per ton value for 1931 is due to revision of values. The commerce for 1931 was carried in vessels usually loaded to ,drafts of 6 to 12 feet. 154 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1932 Cost and ftnanaial summary Cost of new work to June 30, 1932-------- -- ------------ $159, 643. 91 Cost of maintenance to June 30, 1932__ ___------------------- 41, 056. 09 Total cost of permanent work to June 30, 1932_........... 200, 700. 00 Net total expenditures- ___-------------- 200, 700. 00 Total amount appropriated to June 30, 1932---- 200, 700. 00 Fiscal year ending June 30 1928 1929 1930 1931 1932 Cost of new work....-------------------- $33, 564. 80 $186.80 --------------------- $1,538.27 14, 014. 36 12, 827. 96 ------------ Cost of maintenance .....................------------------. $505. 14 46. 21 Total cost-... --------------------- 47, 579.16 13, 014. 76 ------------ 505. 14 1, 584; 48 Total expended- .----------------------- 41, 882. 61 18, 726. 55 ----------- 484. 68 1,604. 94 Allotted--------------------------------- 19, 600. 00----------------------------------- -1, 700. 00 Balance unexpended July 1, 1931________----------------- $3,304.94 Deductions on account of revocation of allotment-- -------- 1,700.00 Net amount to be accounted for_ 604. 94 1----------------------1, Gross amount expended------------ ----------- -------------- 1, 604.94 Amount (estimated) required to be appropriated for completion of existing project----------- -------- -------------------- 24, 000. 00 3. ECHO BAY HARBOR, N. Y. Location and description.-This harbor, on which lies the city of New Rochelle, is on the north shore of Long Island Sound, 8 miles west of the Connecticut State line and 24 miles by water east of the Battery, New York City, and consists of a shallow inlet, five-eighths of a mile long and 150 feet to 2,000 feet wide, interspersed with islands and with a bay at its mouth three-eighths of a mile long and one-fourth of a mile wide. The inlet, or inner harbor, is landlocked, except at the extreme outer end, while the bay, or outer harbor, is exposed to southeasterly storms. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Chart No. 222.) Original condition.-The channel leading from the bay to the wharves was only 1 to 2 feet deep and was obstructed by Long Rock, Start Rock, and Sheepshead Reef. The first-mentioned rock was ex- posed at low water and the other two had not more than 1.6 feet and 2.2 feet of water over them, respectively, at mean low water. The head of navigation was and is at the head of the inlet about five- eighths of a mile north of the head of the bay. Previous projects.-The original project was adopted by the river and harbor act of June 18, 1878, and was modified by river and har- bor acts of June 13, 1902, and March 2, 1907. The cost and expendi- tures under this project prior to the commencement of work under the existing project in 1910 were $47,378.16-$47,367.75 for new work and $10.41 for maintenance. For further details see Annual Report for 1915, page 1760. Existing project.-This provides for a channel 10 feet deep at mean low water and 100 feet wide, extending from the 10-foot con- tour in Echo Bay to the city wharf at Beaufort Point (Hudson Park), and a turning basin of the same depth at the inner extremity of the channel. Length of section included in project, 1,300 feet. RIVERS AND HARBORS FIRST NEW YORK, N. Y., DISTRICT 155 Mean tidal range, 7.1 feet; mean range of spring tides, 8.4 feet; irregular fluctuations due to wind and barometric pressure vary from 4 feet below mean low water up to 4.5 feet above mean high water. The estimated cost of new work, made in 1910, was $22,110, exclu- sive of amounts expended on previous projects. Estimated cost of annual maintenance, made in 1928, $500. The existing project was adopted by the river and harbor act of June 25, 1910 (H. Doc. No. 1118, 60th Cong., 2d sess.). The latest published map is in the project document. Recommended modifications of project.-None. Local cooperation.--None required by law. Prior to 1913 the local authorities of the city of New Rochelle expended about $27,500 in constructing a public wharf at Beaufort Point and about $50,000 in dredging, mainly at and in the approaches to this wharf. There was expended in 1913 by private interests in the construction of a public pier $2,500, and prior to 1914 private interests expended for dredging about $87,475, mainly in the excavation of a channel ex- tending from the main channel at Beaufort Point to the head of navigation near Main Street, and from the same point up to and along the water front of the New Rochelle Coal & Lumber Co. property. Terminal facilities.-Water terminals, six in number, with avail- able dockage of 2,395 feet, are scattered along the water front at and between Beaufort Point and the head of navigation. One, with available dockage of 450 feet, is publicly owned; it is inconveniently located with reference to the business center; three, with available dockage of 1,645 feet, are privately owned; one, with available dock- age of 200 feet, is corporately owned; and one, with a frontage of 100 feet, supports two pipe lines on trestles and is privately owned. Other details are as follows: 1 with available dockage of 450 feet consists of solid fill behind stone bulkhead. 1 with available dockage of 200 feet consists partly of concrete bulkhead and partly timber crib bulkhead with solid fill behind. 1 with available dockage of 1,400 feet consists partly of timber bulkhead, partly of rubblestone retaining wall, and partly of open pilework with rubblestone wall in rear. 1 with available dockage of 225 feet consists of open pilework with timber crib bulkhead and solid fill in rear. 1 with frontage of 100 feet consists of two pipe lines supported on small trestles. 1 with frontage of 20 feet consists of a ferry rack with dry rubblestone wall in rear. The existing facilities are probably adequate for the amount of commerce that can be accommodated by existing channel dimensions. (For further details see H. Doc. No. 652, 66th Cong., 2d sess.) Echo Bay Harbor lies within the limit of the port district as recom- mended by the Port of New York Authority, December 21, 1921. (See under Terminal facilities, New York Harbor, p. 190 of this report.) Operations and result8 during fiscal year.--United States pipe-line dredge De Witt Clinton was employed from October 11 to 23, 1931, in dredging throughout the length of the channel and in the turning basin. There were removed 7,039 cubic yards of mud, hardpan, and stone at a cost of $4,571.64. The cost of contingencies was $20.01. 156 REPOI~W OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1932 The total cost was $4,591.65, all for maintenance. The expenditures amounted to $4,591.65. Condition at end of fiscal year.-The existing project was com- pleted in 1911, at a saving of $4,894 under the estimated cost. When examined in October, 1931, the project depth existed throughout the adopted channel and in the turning basin, from the entrance in Echo Bay opposite Duck Point to the head of the improvement. Above this to within 300 feet of the head of navigation the depth in a channel not included in the project for improvement was about 3 feet when examined in June, 1932. The total cost of the existing project up to June 30, 1932, was $23,421.45-$17,216.14 for new work and $6,205.31 for maintenance. The total expenditures amounted to $23,421.45. Proposed operations.-The balance unexpended at the end of the year, amounting to $504.45, will be applied in payment of the cost of contingencies pertaining to the maintenance of the improvement, and in the prosecution of such minor work of maintenance as may be urgently necessary. It is believed that dredging for maintenance will not be necessary during the next two years. Therefore no additional funds can be profitably expended during the fiscal year ending June 30, 1934. Commercial statistics.-The commerce for the calendar year 1931 consisted of building material, coal, petroleum products, lumber, and ashes. Comparative statement Calendar year Tons Value Calendar year Tons .Value 1927 -------------------- 40, 893 $1, 271, 967 1930- ------------------ 114, 735 $531, 93 1928 -------------------- 105, 108 768, 044 1931--------------------205, 426 1, 143, 644 1929...................... 153, 732 1, 139, 980 The higher average per ton value for 1931 is due to revision of values. The increased tonnage figure is due to increased tonnages of crushed stone, sand and gravel, and coal. The commerce for 1931 was carried in vessels usually loaded to drafts of 6 to 13 feet. Cost an financial summary Cost of new work to June 30, 1932.----------------------------- $64,583. 89 Cost of maintenance to June 30, 1932-------------------------- 6, 215. 72 Total cost of permanent work to June 30, 1932-------------70, 799. 61 Net total expenditures ------------------------------------- 70, 799.61 Unexpended balance June 30, 1932----------------------------- 504. 45 Total amount appropriated to June 30, 1932 _ - --- -- -- 71, 304. 06 Fiscal year ending June 30 1928 1929 1930 1931 1932 Cost of Cost of new work_ maintenance--------------------------- -------------------- $10.90 $4, 591. 65 Total expended-.......-------------------- 103. 90 4, 591. 65 Allotted------.....................- $200.00 ..----------------------------- 5,000.00 RIVERS AND HARBORS-FIRST NEW YORK, N. Y., DISTRICT 157 Balance unexpended July 1, 1931 ------------------------------- $96.10 Amount allotted from War Department appropriation act approved May 28, 1930------------------------------ --------------- 5,000.00 Amount to be accounted for------------------------------- 5,096.10 Gross amount expended------------------------------------ 4, 591. 65 Balance unexpended June 30, 1932-------------------------- 504.45 4. NEW ROCHELLE HARBOR, N. Y. Location and description.-Situated in the north shore of Long Island Sound about 23 miles east of the Battery, New York City, and about 2 miles on southerly and westerly courses from Echo Bay Harbor. It lies about 11/2 miles overland from the business center of New Rochelle, N. Y. The main entrance channel lies be- tween Davenport Neck and Glen Island. A second entrance chan- nel lies between Glen Island and Hunters Island. This channel is crossed by a highway bascule bridge from, the mainland to Glen Island. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Chart No. 222.) Original condition.-The channel was narrow and interspersed with sunken reefs, which made it dangerous for navigation; the depth in the channel varied from 0 to 8 feet at mean low water. Previous projects.-The original project was adopted by the river and harbor act of March 3, 1881. Under this project a channel was excavated around the south end of Glen Island 8 feet deep at mean low water, 100 feet wide and about 1,600 feet long, connecting deep water between Glen Island and the mainland with deep water in Long Island Sound; a reef at the entrance was removed to a depth of 7.5 feet at mean low water, and Corning Rock, between David's and Goose Islands, was removed to 12 feet depth at mean low water. This project was completed in 1890. The cost and expenditures were $43,174.79, all for new work. Existing project.-This provides for a channel 8 feet deep at mean low water, 120 feet wide and about 3,400 feet long, extending from the deep-water channel between Glen Island and Davenport Neck up to a point about 300 feet below a dam at the head of navigation in the vicinity of Leland Avenue, New Rochelle, N. Y. Mean tidal range 7.1 feet; mean range of spring tides, 8.4 feet; irregular fluctu- ations due to wind and barometric pressure vary from 4 feet below mean low water up to 4.5 feet above mean high water. Estimated cost for new work, made in 1921, was $35,000, exclusive of amounts expended on previous projects. Estimated cost of annual maintenance, made in 1921, $1,000. The existing project was adopted by the river and harbor act of September 22, 1922 (H. Doc. No. 110, 67th Cong., 1st sess.). The latest published map is in the project document. Recommended modifications of project.-None. Local cooperation.--The river and harbor act approved September 22, 1922, provides that local interests furnish free of cost to the United States suitable dumping grounds properly protected by bulk- heads or, in lieu thereof, to pay the additional cost of disposing of the material at an outside dumping ground. On November 20, 1923, the city of New Rochelle contributed the sum of $1,120 to cover this additional cost; the actual cost was $814.98, and the balance, $305.02, was returned to the city on March 11, 1925. 158 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1932 Terminal facilities.-Water terminals, eight in number, with avail- able dockage of 1,200 feet, are situated mainly along the shore be- tween the dam in New Rochelle Creek and the main entrance channel. The land approaches thereto are macadamized and in excellent con- dition. Of these terminals, one is devoted solely to passenger traf- fic and two are devoted to passenger and freight traffic of Glen Island; one to Fort Slocum traffic; three to the handling of coal, lumber, and other bulk freight; and one, a public wharf, has not been used in recent years because of lack of water caused by shoal- ing. Like conditions, but to a less extent, exist at the other wharves; also at a shipbuilding yard, where it is said vessels of substantial size were built when 8 feet and over was available at low tide. None of the terminals has rail connections. They are of open pile, stone, or stone and timber bulkhead construction. Two of the privately owned wharves, devoted to bulk freight, are open to the public on equal terms, and the city authorities are prepared to repair the pub- lic wharf if more water is made available. Under present condi- tions as to depth of water available for commerce the terminal facili- ties are inadequate, but it is believed that as the result of the work done under the existing project and proposed repairs to the publicly owned wharf they will meet all present demands of the commerce. New Rochelle Harbor lies within the limits of the port district as recommended by the Port of New York Authority December 21, 1921. (See under Terminal facilities, New York Harbor, p, 190 of this report.) Operations and results during fiscal year.-The United States pipe- line dredge De Witt Clinton was employed during October and No- vember, 1931, in dredging throughout the length of the channel. There were removed 33,335 cubic yards of mud and sand at a cost of $8,000.31. The cost of contingencies was $13.68. The total cost was $8,013.99, all for maintenance. The expenditures amounted to $8,013.99. Condition at end of fiscal year.-The existing project was com- pleted in 1924 at a saving of $4,961 under the estimated cost. An examination made in November,. 1931, showed that the project depth and width existed throughout the adopted channel. The total cost of the existing project up to June 30, 1932, was $38,800--$30,038.88 for new work and $8,761.12 for maintenance. The total expendi- tures amounted to $38,800. Proposed operations.--There are no funds available for this project. It is believed that dredging for maintenance will not be neces- sary during the next two years. Therefore, no additional funds can be profitably expended during the fiscal year ending June 30, 1934. Commercial statistics.-The commerce for the calendar year 1931 consisted mainly of building material, petroleum and petroleum products, and coal. Comparative statement Calendar Tons Value Passengers Calendar Tons Value Passengers year year 1927........ 169, 190 $803,137 ----------- 1930........ 104, 571 $1, 251, 511.. 1928........ 200, 854 1,305,022 .--------- 1931........ 132, 802 1, 054, 644 52, 896 1929........ 156, 853 1, 422, 635- -------- RIVERS AND HARBORS---FIRST NEW YORK, N. Y., DISTRICT 159 The lower average per ton value for 1931 is due to: (a) Increased tonnage of crushed stone and (b) revision of values. The commerce for 1931 was carried in vessels usually loaded to drafts of 6 to 12 feet. Cost 'an finanoial suminarj Cost of new work to June 30, 1932..-----....-------------- ------- $73, 213. 67 Cost of maintenance to June 30, 1932------- -- ---------- 8, 761. 12 Total cost of permanent work to June 30, 1932-------------- 81,974. 79 Net total expenditures------------------------------------ 81, 974. 79 Total amount appropriated to June 30, 1932--....--- ------------ 81, 974. 79 Fiscal year ending June 30 1928 1929 1930 1931 1932 Total expended._-.-.....-....----... . 102. 77 26. 82 ----------- 159. 19 8, 013. 99 Allotted..........---------------------------- 200.00.. .... ............8,000. 00 Balance unexpended July 1, 1931--. --------- ...------- - $13.99 Amount allotted from War Department appropriation act approved May 28, 1930---------------- ------- -------------- ---- 8, 000. 00 Amount to be accounted for------------ --------------- 8, 013. 99 Gross amount expended----------------------. ------------- 8,013.99 5. EAST CHESTER CREEK, N. Y. Location and descrtion.-This creek, also known as Hutchinson River, empties into East Chester Bay, an indentation 3 miles long and 1,000 feet to 11/2 miles wide, in the north shore of Long Island Sound, immediately north of Throgs Neck, 12 miles southwest of the Connecticut State line and 21 miles by water northeast of the Battery, New York City. Its source is 9 miles slightly east of north from the head of the bay. The navigable section of the creek is tidal, is 100 feet to 1,000 feet in width, and extends about 21/2 miles above its mouth.: The approach channel of 5 feet controlling depth at mean low water, through the bay, is approximately 600 feet wide. 'Four bridges cross the creek-two near the mouth, one a highway bridge and the other a railroad bridge; one highway bridge at Boston Post Road, and another at Fulton Avenue. (See U. S. Coast and Geo- detic Survey Chart No. 223.) Oriinal condition.--The head of navigation was marked by a highway bridge at the Boston Post Road, about 2 miles above the head of the bay, to which point the creek was inavigable at high tide by vessels of:7-foot draft. Previous projects.-The original project, adopted March 3, 1873, was modified in 1891. (A. R. 1891, p. 809.) The second project, adopted by the river and harbor act of June 25, 1910, provided for a channel 5 feet deep at mean low water with varying widths. The total cost of all previous projects prior to adopting the exist- ing project in 1930 was $353,183.17-$199,355.44 for new work anid 140960---ENG 1932- 11 16(0 REPORT. OF CHIEF OF ETNGINEERS, :TS.; ARMY 19 3 2 153,827.73' for .maintenance, and the total of expenditures amounted to $353,183.17. For further details see Annual Report for'191b page 17'61, and Annual Report for !129, page 167:. E~rist.ing project.-This provides for a channel; 8 feet deep and generally 150 feet wide from Long Island Sound through East Chester Bay to a point 700 feet below the Boston Post Road Bridge, and thence 70 feet wide to the northern terminus of the project, about : ilfeet above the Fulton Avenue Bridge, aid for a pa.sing basin in the vicinity of the Boston Post Road Bridge. Mean tidal range 171 feet in the estuary; mean range of spring tides, 8.4 feet; irregular fluctuations due to wind and barometric pressure vary from 4 feet below mean low water up to 4.5 feet above mean high Water. The estimate of cost for new work made in 1930 is $283,000, ex- clusive of amounts expended on previous projects. The latest (1930) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $15,000 for the first three years and $12,000 annually thereafter. The existing project was adopted by the river and harbor act of July 3, 1930 (R. & H. Com. Doc. No. 37, 71st Cong., 2d sess.). The latest published: map is in the projdet document. Recommended miodifcations of project.-None. Local aooperation.-The river and harbor act of July 3, 1930, pro- ,vides that local interests shall furnish, without cost to the United States, necessary rights of way and spoil-disposal areas, ind shall give assurances satisfactory to the Secretary of War and the Chief 'of Ehgineers that they will dredge to a depth of 8 feet :the large slip located about 200 feet above the Boston Post Road Bridge and the Y-shaped extensio df the: watrway abdv the terminus of the existing project. These: conditions, have not been complied with. In 1877 the lands necessary for a riglit of ,way, the value of which is not known, were stcuired to the United States by the State of New York 'This right of way extended from a point somrie distaice below the Boston Post Road up to a point t.bbut,3000 feet' ab6ve it. In 1894 a slip aId baisii were excavated and bulkheAded in the west shore of the creek immediately above the Boston PostRoad, at a cost of about $50,000. Terminal facilities.-Water terminals, 23 in number, with available docage of 6,415 feet, are located in the upper 3,500 feet of the projected improvement;i none has railroad connections. -One pub- lidly owned terminal, With available dockage of 500 feet, is open to the public; four, with available dockage of about 725 'feet, are pri- vately owned; and four, with available dockage of about 2,740' feet, are corporately ownedr one of which, with available dockage of about 2,450 feet, is open to the public. All terminals consist of solid fill behind a pile-and-timber bulkhead and are located on or conveniently adjacent to paved streets in fair to good condition. One of the terminals open to the public, with available dockage of about 2,450 feet, is in fair to poor condition; the publicly owned terminal is in fair condition; all others are in good condition ' Local interests have in view the construction of one or two additional ter- minals to meet the increased demands of commerce. (For further details see H. Doc. No. 652, 66th Cong,., 2d sess.) East Chester Creek lies within the limits of the port district as recommeaded by the Port of New 'York Authority )ecember 21, 1921. (See ixider Terminal facilities, New York Harbor, p. 190 of this report.) RIVERS AND UARBOlS--FIRST NEW YORK, N. Y., DISTRICT 161 (2 erations and results during fiscal year.---None. The- cost of contingencies was $0.94 for maintenance under the previous project. The expenditures amounted to $12.86. ' on 'tion at: nd of flse, yea.--No work has been done under the existing project nor have any expenditures been made thereunder. When examined in January, 1931, a controlling depth of 5 feet existed from deep water in EastChester Bay to the head of the improbvement, about 300 feet above the Fulton Avenue Bridge. Proposed opeatiqns.-The balance unexpended at the end of the year amounting to $16.83, will be applied in payment of the cost of contiugencies pertaining to maintenance :under the ,previous project. litis exp cted that the conditions of local coperation will: be fully compied with i time to commence worlkduring the; fiscal year end- ing J aae 3Q,1934. Therefore, the sum of $283,00( can be profitably expended, incompletion of the existing project, during the fiscal year ending June 30, 1934, under contract, during the period July, 1933, to February 1934. It isbelieved that maintenance dredging will not be ,Imecessary prior to ,completion of the existing project. Comn~cial statistics.-The commerce for the calendar 1931 consisted of building material refined oils, fuel oil, petroleum prod- 'year ucts, coal, ashes, crude oil, cinders, and asphalt. Comparative statement Calendar year Tons Value Calendar year Tons Value 1927------------- . 384, 458 $5, 366, 660 1930 ....... 820,895 $17, 629,502 1928--------------------........... ..... 526,974 6, 549, 584 1931..---..-------- ----- 90'7, 3(3 10; 290, 031 1929....-------------------- 796, 468 15, 616, 987 The lower: average per ton value for 1931 isdue to: (a) Revision of values, and (b) decreased tonnage of fuel oil. The increased tonnage is due to increased receipts of cement, gaso- line, and sand and gravel. The commerce for 1931 was carried in vessels usually loaded to drafts of 5 to 14 feet. Cost and financial summary Cost of new wwork to June 30, 1932------------------------ $199,355.44 Cost of maintenance to June 30, 1932__----5----------- -------- 153, 827. 73 STotal cost of permanent work to June 30, 1932--------- --- 353, 183. 17 Net total expenditures--------------------------- ---- _- 353, 183. 17 Unexpended balance June 30, 1932----------- -------- .... 16.83 Total amount appropriated to June 30, 1932_------ ----- - 353, 200. 00 Fiscal year ending June 30 1928 1929 1930 1931 1932 Cost of new work..----------- ------------------------------ $2,655.33 .---. .. Cost of maintenance.---------------- $193.29 $1,395.32 1,670.07 $39,684.77 " 0.94 Tota cos...t--....-.- ------------- - . 193. 29 1,395. 32 4,325. 40 39,684. 77 0. 4 Total expended......-..-.- ---------- 245.71 1,378.32 4,328.40 39, 686.85 12.80 Allotted ------- . - -................... 25, 000. 00 .....------------ 18, 700. 00 --------------- 162 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1932 Balance unexpended July 1, 1931-__----- ------- ---------- $20. 69 Gross amount expended---.......--------. ------------- ,- ....-- 186 Balance unexpended June 30, 1932------------------- Amount (estimated) required to be appropriated for completion of - -- - - - - - - -- -- -- - - - - existing project - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 288,! 000. 00 Amount that can be profitably expended in fiscal year ending Junie - -- -- --- --- -- - -- -- ------- - -- - - -- - 30, 1934,for new work 283, 000. 00 6. WESTCHESTER CREEK, N. Y. Location and description.-Located 14 miles by water northeast of the Battery, New York City. The head of navigation and tidal water is at East Tremont Avenue causeway and culvert, Borough of Bronx, New York City. A highway bascule bridge crosses the creek at Unionport, about 1 mile below the causeway. (See U. S.' Coast and Geodetic Survey Chart No. 226.) Original condition.-So far as now known, it was not navigable beyond the site now occupied by the causeway at East Tremont Avenue. The mean low-water depth available for navigation was 31/2 feet through a channel varying in width from 20 to 8Q feet. Previote projects.-The original project was adopted by the river and harbor act of June 25, 1910. The total cost of this project was $141,835.91-$77,181.64 for new work and $64,654.27 for mainte- nance; the total expenditures amounted to $143,781.78. For further details see page 238 of Annual Report for 1921. Existing project.-This provides for a channel 12 feet deep .at mean low water, 100 feet wide for a length of 2,000 feet through the estuary; thence 80 feet wide for 3,000 feet; and thence 60 feet wide to the head of navigation at East Tremont Avenue (Fort htiyie Rad), a distanice of -8,800 feet, with widening at bends, and with two turning basins, one near the upper end of the channel and another near the Unionport Bridge, a total length of about 2% miles. Mean tidal range, 6.8 feet; mean range of spring tides, 8.1 feet; irregular fluctuations due to wind and barometric pressure vary from 4 feet below mean low water up to 3.5 feet above mean high water. The estimate of cost for new work, revised in 1932, is $117,000, exclusive of amounts expended on previous projects. The latest (1928) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $5,000. The existing project was adopted by the river and harbor act approved September 22, 1922 (H. Com. Doc. No. 8, 67th Cong., 2d sess.). The latest published map is printed in House Document No. 370, Sixty-fourth Congress, first session. Recommended modifications of project.--None. Local cooperation.-The river and harbor act approved September 22, 1922, provides that before entering upon the work local interests or other interested parties shall- (a) Furnish free of cost to the United States suitable and convenient areas, sufficient for the deposit of dredgings necessary for the completion of the project. (b) Build at least one pier with available landings not less than 800 feet total length, to furnish two berths approximately 150 by 50 feet, or sufficient x Exclusive of available funds. RIVERS AND HARBORS-FIRST NEW YORK, N. lY., DISTRICT 163 for the ,largest barges without encroaching upon the improved 'channel; to remove rock or other hard bottom in the berths to a depth 5 feet greater than that of the channel,' so that a vessel entering at or near high tide may safely lie there while discharging cargo; to assure that such pier or piers will either be public property or will be open to public use on equal and reasonable terms. If only one pier is built, it shall be located not more than one-half mile below the head of navigation, (c) Furnish free o cost to the United States the necessary,:right of way across upland lying between, the harbor lines, as established by the Secretary of War May 2, 1914. A number of property owners have consented to the deposit of dredgings on their lands. The city of New York has authorized the construction of a terminal, and the necessary right of 'way has been ceded to the. United States. Compliance with conditions of loa1 cooperation was; approved by the Chief of Engineers, June 22, Seinial faclities.--Water terminals, 16 in number, .with avail- able dockage of 3130 feet, are located--7 at Uni orport, 2 about mid- way between Unionport and Westchester village, and 7 in the upper 1,200 feet of the projected channel; none has railroad connections. Two of the terminals with available dockage of 420 feet are publicly owned, 8 with available dockage of 1,780 feet are privately owned, and 4 with available dockage of 930 feet are owned by corporations. Other details are as follows: 10 are of open-pile construction, with earth slope in rear. 4 consist of solid fill behind timber bulkheads. 1 consists of open-pile construction, with rubblestone bulkhead in rear. 1 consists of a pipe line resting on a small trestle. 0 The facilities appear to be adequate. (For further details see H. Doc. No. 652, 66th Cong., 2d sess.) Westchester Creek lies within the limits of the port district as recommended by the Port of New York Authority, December 21, 1921. (See under Terminal facilities, New York Harbor, p. 190 of this report.) Operations and results diring fiscal year.-Under contract dated November 11, 1931, for dredging from East River to East Tremont Avenue, work was commenced March 23, 1932, and was in progress to June 30, 1932. The contract is practically completed. There were ren yed 304,350 cubic yards of material, place measurement, at a cost of $69,717.04, for new work. The cost of contingencies pertaining to maintenance of the existing project was $32.21. Total costs under the existing project were $69,749.25-$69,717.04 for new work and $32.21 for maintenance. The expenditures amounted to $40,122.42, of which $40,079.42 per- tained to the existing project and $43 to previous projects. Condition at end of fiscal year.-The existing project is about 70 per cent completed. When examined in July, 1932, a controlling depth at mean low water of 12 feet existed from the 12-foot contour in the East River at the mouth to the head of the improvement at East Tremont Avenue. The work remaining to complete the project consists of the removal of a few isolated shoals in the vicinity of Westchester Avenue. The total cost of the existing project to June 30, 1932, was $80,487.47-$80,455.26 for new work and $32.21 for maintenance. The total expenditures amounted to $47,962.50. 164 BR RT OF.'CHIEFOF ENfGINEERS, U. S. ARM '1 2 i Proposed oeration --- The balance'unexpended, inclhdinng accounts recivable, at the eiid of the year, amounting to $35,43L5,' will be applied as follows Aetounts ayabl June 30, 1932--- --------- --.--... L----- $3, 524. 9 Nw work Complete by Sept. 1, 1982, under a contract in force for dredginig, the enlargement of the channel to project' dimensions from East River to the head of the project---------------------------------$900.00 Engineeripg and contingencies----------------- 2, 006. 62 2,906.62 Total --------------------------------------- ---- 35, 431.59 It is believed that maintenance dredging will not be necessary during' the text two 'years. Therefore no additional funds can be profitably expended during the fiscal year ending. June 30, 1934,; Comerac~atatitics.--Thecommerce for the calendar year' 1931 consisted iaiinly of building material, coal, and gasoline. Comparative statement SCalenda lear ' Tons Value Calendar year 'Tos's Value 1927.-- ....----------. 356,617 $1,928,469 1930----. ------- -- - - 308,642 $2, 966, 168 1928.-------------------- 577,919 3,283,407 1931..................... 349,784 1,149,818 1929.------ - 482, 261 8,566,571 The lower average .per ton value for 1931 is due to: (a) Revision of vatves,: and (b) decreased tonnage of coal and increased tonnage of snd and gravel. The coxmnerce for 1931 was carried in vessels usually, loaded to drafts of6 to 12 f ,et, Cost and fnanetal smmary Cost of new, work to Jun0 109, 1932' -- _---------__ $151, 631. 96 Cost of maintenauce to Jut+e? 0, 1982 ' --- - .. 6~;-~-- Total cost of permanent work to June 30, 1932_-- ~222, 323 38 Plus accedOunt receivable June 30, 1932----------------------- , 94. 87 Grosq total costs to June 30, 1932 --------- 224, 269, 25 Minus accounts payable June 30, 1932----- __-------------- - 32, 524. 97 " Net total expenditures _ ------------- -------------- 191, 744. 28 Unexpended balance June 30, 1932- ....--------------------- . 33,485. 72 Total amount appropriated to June 30, 1932-___-------------225, 230.00 Fiscal year ending June 30 1928 1929 1930 .931 1932 Cost of new wQtk--------------------------------------- 10, 78 22 $69, 71.0 Cost Ofmaintenance-..-'--.....------ - $192.-42 '-$72.81' $2, 6b."22 326.66 32.2 Total cost --------- _ __ --------- 192.42 72.81 2,680.22 11 064 6 9,.749. Total expend .. ------ - ---- -- - 19. 42 : Q.55 2,68. 10,1 s,~l. : 40,122x 1 Allotted.. . . ... ... - .200.00 . -- .. 212,30.00 - -i; 28,100 .,4( ,'1 l 1Adjustment of maintenance costs under previous project amounted to -$1,945.87. RIVERS AND HARBORS-FIRST NEW YORK, . Y., DISTRICT 165 Balance unex'jended July 1, 1931------------------------..-- $199, 708.14 Deductions on account of revocation of allotment ---- -__-----126, 100. 00 Net amount to be accounted for--____---------------- 73, 608.14 Gross amount expended ---------------------------------- 0, 122. 42 Balance unexpend June,30, 193 ------ ------------- 33, 485. 7 Outstanding liabilities June 0, 1932--------------- $32,524.97 Amount covered by uncompleted contracts 945. 75 33, 470. 72 Balance available June 30, 1932----------- --------------- 15.00 Accounts receivable June 3Q, 1932---___-------------- --- 1, 945. 87 Unobligated balance avilable June 30, 1932--------------- 1, 960. 87 Amount (estimated) required to be appropriated for completion of existing project ------------------ 33, 600, 00 7. BRONX RIVER, N. Y. Location-and description.--This stream, about 27 miles long, flows in a general direction slightly west of south and empties into a shal- low bay, 1 mile long and 300 to 4,500 feet wide in the north shore of East River, 11 miles by"water northeast of the Battery, New York City. The navigable portion, which is tidal, varies in high-water width from 60 to 300 feet and extends 21/4 miles from the head of the bay to a dam at East One hundred and seventy-seventh Street, Bronx Borough, New York City. It is crossed by five bridges; at 13/8 miles above its mouth, a highway bridge; at 11/2 miles, two bridges, high- way and rapid transit; at 15/S miles, a railroad bridge, and at 2 miles, a highway (fixed) bridge. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Chart No. 226.) Originalcondition.-The channel was narrow anrd tortuous, wind- ing through a mud flat and obstructed by rocky ledges and mud shoals. The available mean low-water depth was 3.3 feet to West- chester Avenue, thence decreasing gradually until from East One hundred and seventy-sixth Street to the dam at the head of naviga- tion the bottom was bare at low water. P eious pr'ojects.-The original project was adopted by the river and harbor act of June 3, 1896. The cost and expenditures under this project, prior to. the commencement of work under the existing project' in 1913, were $95,957.05--$69,035.72 for new work and $26,- 921.33 for maintenance. For further details see Annual Report for 19i5, page 1762.. Ecictiny probect.--This provides for a channel 10 feet deep at mean low water and a minimum bottom width of 100 feet, with widening at the bends, to extend from deep water in East River to the head of navigatioi at the dam rn t East O i hundred ahnd seventy-seventh Street, involving the first dredging from East River to Randall Avenue to a width of 200 feet; thence to Spofford Avenue, 150 feet; thence to Watson Ave uj, 125 feet; thence'to the railiroad bridge near Westchester Avenue, 100 feet, except in the southern approach to the bridge, where if is :obe 140 feet; and 'above the bridge 100 feet, with increase at bends where perm ssible, inchiding a: tirniig basi: at th head' of th6 irqprovement. It' also provides for mdifi 1 Exclusive of available funds. 166 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1932 taining the channel excavated under the project adopted June 3, 1896, until the channel provided for under the existing project is open to traffc to the railroad bridge. The length of the section included in the project is about 3% miles. Mean tidal range, 6.7 feetin the estuary; mean range of spring tides, 8 feet; irregular fluctuations due to wind and barometric pressure Vary from 4 feet below mean low water up to 3.5 feet above mean hig water. The estimate of cost for new work revised in 1928 is $2,700,000, exclusive of the amounts expended on previous projects. The latest (1928) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $7,500. The existing project was adopted by the river and harbor act of March 4, 1913 (H. Doc. No. 897, 624 Cong., 2d sess.). For latest published map see Annual Report for 1912, page 1470. Recommended ndifiatiots of proje ct.-None. Local cooperation.-The existing project was adopted subject to the condition that any right of way necessary for the execution of the project should be furnished free of cost to the United States. Title to all lands needed for right of way has been vested in the United States by deeds from the city of New York.. The local authorities have expended $8,000 in the construction and maintenance of a public wharf, anid local interests have .expended $26,200 in removing from the vicinity of their wharves material from the channels included in the previous project for, improvement by the United States. Terminal fPzcilitis.-Water terminals '18 in number, with avail- able dockage of 7,300 feet, are located--1 at the mouth of the river, 15 scattered along the west shore, and 2 on the east shore of the river between a point about 3,000 feet below the highway bridge at Westchester Avenue and the head of navigation; 1 has railroad connection. Oe,of the terminals with' available dockage of 7, ispublicly owned; 7, with available dockage of 3,865 feet, are pri feet, vately owned; and7, with available dockage of 3,360 feet, are owned by corporations. The terminals are of various types of construction, as follows: Open pile with earth slope in rear, timber bulkheads with solid fill in rear, open pile and timber wharves with solid fill in rear of bulkheads dry rubblestone bulkheads with solid fill in rear, and con- crete bulkheads with solid fill in rear. The terminal' facilities are deemed inadequate; it is probable the additional facilities needed will be provided when the improvement contemplated under the existing project has progressed sufficiently to warrant a reasonable return upon the capital invested. (For further details see H. Doc. No. 652, 66th Cong., 2d sess.) Bronx River lies within the limits of the port district as recommended by the Port of New York Authority December 21, 1921. (See under Terminal facilities, New York Harbor, p. 190 of this report.) Operations and results during flscdl year.-None. The cost of con- tingencies was $62.03, for maintenance. The expenditures amounted to $72.75. Condition at end of fiscal year.-About 29 per cent of the project has been completed. The channel provided for under the existing project has been completed from deep water in East River up to Westchester Avenue highway bridge; above this no work has been RIVERS AND HARBORS----FIRST NEW YORK, N. Y., DISTRICT 167 done under the existing project pending the replacement of existing bridge by a bridge suited to the conditions to be met when the enlarged channel north of the bridge has been excavated. When last examined in May, 1931, the controlling mean low-water depth from deep water in East River up to Ludlow Avenue Bridge was 10 "and fet; thence 9.5 feet to about 300 feet below the Westchester Avenue ]Bridge,' about 9 feet from that point to the bridge. The exami- nation of May, 1930, showed that the channel excavated under the previous project was 50 to 30 feet wide and 4 feet deep from West- chester Avenue up to about 500 feet above the New York, New Haven & Hartford Railroad bridge above Westchester Avenue; thence to about 500 feet below the dye works near the head of the projected improvement the depth gradually reduces to zero. Above this to the head the bottom is exposed at mean low water and rises to an extreme height of about 4.5 feet above mean low water just below the dam. To complete the project the channel above the Westchester Avenue highway bridge must be excavated to project dimensions by dredging and rock removal. The total cost of the existing project up to June 30, 1932, was $922,617.57--$797,803.65 for new work and $124,813.92 for mainter nance. The total expenditures amounted to $922,617.57. Proposed operations. There are no funds available for this project. The bridge channel at the Westchester Avenue Bridge has not sufficient depth nor is it conveniently located with reference to the proposed new channel of increased depth and width. Plans for a new highway bridge to replace the existing structure were approved by the Secretary of War February 25, 1932. It is believed that sufficient progress will be made by the city of New York prosecuting work on the new bridge by June 30, 1933, to warrant an allotment of funds' for channel excavation by the United States above the bridge during the fiscal year 1934. Therefore, the sum of $380,000 can be profitably expended during the fiscal year ending June 30, 1934, under, contract for commencement' of work on extending the channel above Westchester Avenue. Commercial statistics.-The commerce for the calendar year 1931 bonsisted mainly of building material, coal, asphalt, ashes, pulvert ized limestone, road oil, and fuel oil. Comparative statement Calendar year Tons Vale6 Calendar year Tons Value i927-------_ - 615, 71 8-.... $2;0776552 190- ----- -- ----- '' 764, 842 $4, 085, 944 1928..: _:: : :----- 720,398 2,982,00 1931--------------....816, 861 2,394,707 1929 -------------------- 684,037 ,3649,.9960 The lower average per ton value for 1931 is due to (a) decreased tonnages of coal and crushed stone and (b) revision of values, The increased tonnage is due to increased receipts of sand and gravel and cement. The commerce for 1931 was carried in vessels usually loaded to drafts of 6 to 14 feet. 168 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1932 Cost ad lnanoial ,stmnxay: Cost of new work to June 30,. 1932..---------..... $866, 839. 37 Cost of maintenance to June 30, 19321__----------------- 5i,735. 25 Total cost of permanent work to June 30, 1932---.-_ _ . 1,;018, 574. 62 Net total expenditai __..._.. ...- ...... ........-..- . 1, (018,574. 62 Total-amount appropriated to June 30, 1932--- ...----....-- 1,01874. 62 Fiscal year ending June 30 1928 1929 1930 1931 1932 Cost of new work------------------------------------ .:----------------- ---- Cost of maintenance-- ----------- ------- $219.11 $89.08 $88.84 $27, 849. 87 $62 03 Total expended... -.. _.._- - , ...-... 235. 15 21.71 142.21 27,853.16 72. 75 Allotted-...----.----------------------. -1 526.14 ------ -------..... 30, 000.00 -2, 399.24 Balance unexpended July 1, 1931 --------------------------- $2, 471. 99 Deductions on account of. revocation of allotment-----__. -- __ -:,399. 24 Net amount to be accounted fd!& - -- --- 72.75 Gross amount expended------ ------- .. --------------- $91.82 Less reimbursements collected- ..-----. , . -------- 9. 07 72. 75 Amount (estimated) required to be appropriated for completion of existing project --------------------------------------- 1,900,000.00 Amount that can be profitably expended in fiscal year ending June 80, 1934, for new work .---- .....--...... ------- .... 380,000. 00 8. HARBOR AT FLUSHING BAY, N. Y. Location and description.-This is an indentation of the north shore of Long Island within the limits of New York City, 12 miles by water northeast of the Battery. The bay, which is entered from East River, is 2 miles in length and varies in width from 300 feet to 1.4 miles. Flushing Creek is a tidal stream, about 3 miles long, which flows in a northerly direction and empties into Flushing Bay. Five bridges cross this waterway, as follows: At:2 mile above the mouth a combined highway and trolley bridge; at 11/4 miles a rail- road bridge; at 1 mile a combined highway and rapid transit bridge; and at 21/4 miles a highway bridge. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Chart No. 226.) Original condition.--A channel 9 feet deep at mean low water and 100 to 600 feet wide extended for a distance of 0.4 of a mile from deep water in East River. From the head of this channel south- ward to within 750 feet of the mouth of Flushing Creek a more or less uniform depth of 4.5 feet at mean low water existed throughout the bay; the depths in Flushing Creek varied from 0 to 5 feet, and the widths varied from 40 to 300 feet. The head of navigation was and is about 3 miles south of the mouth of the creek. Previous projects.,-The original project, adopted by the river and harbor act of March 3, 1879, was modified in 1888 (Annual Re- port, 1888, p. 581); in 1891 (Annual Report, 1891, p. 824); and in 1906 (Annual Report, 1906, p. 125). The cost of this project was $178,900--$148,652.54 for new work and $30,47.46 for maintenance. The total expenditures amounted to $178,900. RIVERS AND HARBORS--FIRST NEW YORK, N. Y., DISTRICT 169 A second project was adopted by the river and harbor act of March 4, 1913. The channel dimensions provided for under the project of March 4, 1913, are being maintained to such extent as is necessary for the commerce now using this waterway. The cost of this project up to June 30, 1932, was $180,081.33-$90,220:37 for new work and .$89860.96 for: maintenance; the total expenditures amounted to $180,081.33. -The total cost of all previous projects up to June 30, 1932, was $358,981.33-$238,872.91 for new work and $120,108.42 for maintenance; and the total expenditures amounted to $358,981.33. For further details see page 1772 of Annual Report for 19165 and pag 161 of Annual Report for 1924. Existing project.--This provides for a channel 12 feet deep at mean low water and 200 feet wide from the 12-foot contour in East River to the Broadway Bridge, thence 12 feet deep to the Main Street ;Bridge, narrowing uniformly in width from 200 feet at the Broadway Bridge to 160 feet at Main Street Bridge; and for the construction of about 1,300 linear feet of new dike and repairs to 4,365 linear feet of old dike including the reconstruction of 1,600 linear feet. Pending compliance by local interests with the condi- tions imposed by Congress in adopting this project (sed under Local cooperation), available funds are being applied to maintenance: of the superseded project for a 10-foot depth up to Broadway Bridge and thence to Main Street Bridge a 7-foot depth. The length of the section included in the project is about 15,000 feet-about 5,000 feet in the creek and about 10,000 feet in the bay. Mean tidal range, 6.8 feet; mean range of spring tides, 8 feet; irregular fluctuations due to wind and barometric pressure vary from 4 feet below mean low water up to 3.5 feet above mean high water. The estimate of cost for new work, revised in 1928, is $365,000, exclusive of amounts expended on previous projects. The latest (1923) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $10,000. The existing project was authorized by the river and harbor act approved March 3, 1925 (H. Doc. No. 124, 68th Cong., 1st sess.). For latest published map see Annual Report for 1914, page 1746. Recommended modifications of project.-None. Local cooperation.-The project as adopted by the act of March 4, 1913,E provides for the cession free of cost to the United States of such lands as are required for a new channel, as provided in re- port printed in House Document No. 1333, Sixty-first Congress, third session, pages 14 and 17. The lands have been ceded to the United: States and the deeds were approved by the Attorney General November 10,_ 1923. During the fiscal year 1916 the Degnon Realty & Terminal Im- provement Co., working on a private enterprise under a permit issued by this department, dredged the Government channel for a distance of 600 linear feet, with a depth of 30 feet at 'mean low water, the dredged material being pumped on near-by marshes on the shore; about 500 feet in length of the project channel but less than project width was included in this dredging. The river and harbor act of March 3, 1925, in adopting the en- larged project, requires that local interests will dredge and maintain at their own expense, under plans to be approved by the Secretary 170 .REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U.. S. ARMY, 193Z . of War, a:channel 160 feet wide and 12 ;feet deep at mean low water from Main Street Bridge to Meteor Street.. No steps: have yet been taken to meet this condition.t Termisn4l facilities.-Water terminals, 19 in number, in addition to a ferry terminal, with available dockage of about 6,990 feet, are located-17 along the east shore and 2 on the west shore of the creek-- ibetween Main Street Bridge and College Point; 2. of these, with 650 feet of available dockage, have rail connection; 6,:with available dockage of 3,119 feet, privately owned; 3, with available dockage of 1,590 feet Corporately owned, are subject to public use under lease; and 1, with available dockage of 400 feet, is a New York .State barge- canal terminal. Ten of the terminals, totaling 3,815 feet of available dockage, have mechanical appliances for handling cargoes. All are of pile:construction in good condition, except 3, with 950 feet of available dockage, classed as in poor'condition. Seven, with avail- able dockage: of 2,225 feet, are corporately owned; all others are privately owned. The, highway connections range from 'unpaved driveways up to: paved highways in good condition. The terminals appear to be: adequate for existing commerce. (For. further details see fI. Doc. No.652, 66th Cong., 2d sess.) Flushing Bay lies;within the limits of the port district as recommended by the Port of New .York.Authority :December 21, 1921. (See under Terminal facilities, 'NeW: York Harbor, p.il90 of this report.) Operationsand results during fl cal year.-The United States pipe- line dredge De Witt Clinton was employed during: September and October, 1931, in dredging the channel from Thirty-first Avenue to Broadway Bridge, Flushing. There were removed 63,814 cubic yards of sand and mud at a cost of $17,710.78. The costo f an examination to determine the condition of the channell was $109,74. The total cost was $17,820.52, all -for maintenance under the previous project. The expenditures amounted to $17,901.87. Condition at end of fiscal yer.---The conditions prescribed by Con- gresy in adopting the existing project (see under Localc:ooperation) have not yet been. fulfilled ;.therefore, no work had been done there- under. When examined in June and October, 1931, the controlling mean low-water depth was 10 feet through a channel 200 feet wide up to the inorth: side of. Broadway Bridge; thence to Main Street Bridge the depth was 7 feet through a navigable channel somewhat less than project width. No expenditures have been made under the existing project._ P ropoed opertions.--The balance unexpended at the 'end of the year, amounting to $5;907.34, will be applied in the prosecution of such minor work of maintenance under the previous project as may be urgently necessary. It is expected that the conditions of local cooperation will not be fully complied with in the next two years. It is believed that addi- fTherefore, tional dredging for maintenance will not be necessary during the next two years. no additional funds can be profitably expended during the fiscal year ending June 30, 1934. Qommercial t4tisti. -The commerce for the calendar- year 1931 consisted ;mainly of ashes, building material, cellar dirt, coal and coke, asphalt, pulverized limestone, lumber, cinders, and refined oils. RIVERS AND HARBORS-FIRST NEW YORK, N. Y., DISTRICT 171 Comparative statement Calendar Tons Value Passengers year Tons Value Passengers 1927- 1 5,: 18M, 52 $4, 337, 777--------130 2, 14,017 $ 537,247[--- ,2 1928.- 1,830,274 3,637,293 1931 3, 2,042,411 737, 833 2,158 1929. ..... 22 011, 668 4, 009 202 ,50 _ 3,737 33 The higher average per ton value for 1931 is due to revision of values. The commerce for 1931 was carried in vessels usually loaded to drafts of 5 to 14 feet. Coat and financial suemary Cost of new work to June 30, 1932_----- .--- $238, 872.91 Cost of maintenance to June 30, 1932----_---- ..----- - 120, 108. 42 Total :cost of permanent work to June 30, 1932 ----- 8. 981. 383 358, Net total expenditures------ _--------- '358, 981.33 Unexpended balance June 30, 1932-------------- --- ----------- 5,907.34 Total amount appropriated to June 30, 1932---- ..---_....-- 364,888, 67 Fiscal year ending June 30 1928 1929 1930 1931 1932 Cost of new work------------------------- Cost of maintenance__------ - - -------- _------------$21,602.22 - $730.80 ------------ $15,477.02 $81.35 -$17, 820.52 Total expended.....--......... 21, 602., 22 ..-----------------... 5.00 16,2028217,901.87 Allotted- --------------------- 15,000.00 ,,-------.......-- 20,000.00 ----.-----. ,-- ..... ,- 20,000. 00 Balance unexpended July 1, 1931--- .$-- 3, 809. 21 Amount allotted from War Department appropriation act approved Feb. 23, 1931 -- . 20, 000.00 Amount to be accounted for -------------------------- 23, 809.21 Gross amdunt expended ------------------------------- 17,901.87 Balance unexpended June 30, 1932--------- 5,907.34 Amount (,stimated) required to be appropriated for completion of - - - - - - -- existing project 1 - - - - -- - - - - - - -- - - - - .. 365, 000. 00 9. MANHASSET BAY, N. Y. Location and description.-This is an indentation in the north shore of Long Island between the .headlands of Great Neck on the west and Manhasset Neck on the east and is about 20 miles distant from the Battery, New York City. The bay is about 4 miles long and about 1 mile in average width. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Chart No. 223.) Original condition.-The entrance channel varies in depth from 12 to 15 feet at mean low water. Inside the bar at the entrance and opposite Plum Point there is a deep area with depths of from about 19 to 38 feet. The depth thence gradually decreases and at the head of the bay it is about 3 feet through a narrow channel. Previous projects.-None. 1 Exclusive of available funds. 172 REPORT OF ICHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1932 Existing project.-This provides for a channel 8 feet deep and 100 feet wide from deep water in the bay to Crampton Bros.' wharf at Great Neck, with a turning basin at that point. Mean tidal range, 7.2 feet; mean range of spring tides, 8 feet; irregular fluctua- tions due to wind and barometric pressure vary from about 4 feet below mean low water up to about 4.5 feet above mean high water. The estimate of cost for new work, made in 1928, is $113,000 (of which $50,000 is to be contributed by local interests), with $6,500 annually for maintenance. The exsting project was adopted by the river and harbor act of July 3, 1930 (H. Doc. No. 452, 70th Cong., 2d sess.).. The latest published map is in the project document. Recommended modifiations of project.-None. Local cooperation.-The river and harbor act of July 3, 1930, pro- vides that local interests shall contribute $50,000 to the first cost and furnish, without cost to the United States, suitable spoil-disposal areas, properly diked o~rbulkheaded where necessary. These condi- tions have not been complied with. Terminal facilitiefs.-Water terminals, five in number, ;with availI able dockage of 1,895 feet, are located near the head of the bay. None hay railroad connections. All are privately owned Three are well equipped and have ample space for storage. Four are of pile and timber bulkhead construction and one is of open-pile construc- tion. There is ample water front for extensions as needs arise. Operationsand results during fiscal year.-None. oandition at end of fiscal year.--The conditions prescribed by Congress in adopting the existing project (see Local cooperation) have not yet been fulfilled. No work has been done nor have any expenditures been made under the existing project. The controlling depth in the natural channel, when surveyed ii 'November, 1927, varied froiii12 feet at the entrance to 3 feet at mean lo.*water at the head of the improvement. Proposed operations.--There are no funds available, for this project. It is expected that the conditions prescribed by Congress in adopt- ing the existing project will not be fulfilled in time to commence work during the fiscal year 1934. Therefore, no funds can be profit- ably expended during the fiscal year ending June 30, 1934. Commercial statistics.-The commerce for the calendar year 1931 consisted mainly of building material, fuel oil, refined oils, riprap, ahes, cinders, petroleum products, and coal. Comparative'statement ,Oaliidar Tons Value Passengers Calendar year Tons Value Passengers 19-T . "71,143 -;.1,368,594--------- 19 ,-------- 92, 2 $795, 281 ,. I .28--------- 201;,466 . 781,6300--- -9312,1 878,637 52, 898 1929------..... 17'217 770, 314 ---------- The lower average:per ton value for 1931 is akdu to revision of values. ... The increased tonnage is due to shipments of sand and griaveI. The commerce for 1931 was carried in vessels usually loaded to drafts of 6 to 12 feet. : RIVERS AND HARBORS---FIRST NEW YORK, N. Y., DISTRICT 173 Cost alnd financial summary Cost of new work to June 30, 1932------------------------ -- --- Cost of maintenance to June 30, 1932_....______ ___-----__--------- Net total expenditures ------------------------------------ ------ Total amount appropriated to June 30, 1932..---------------------- Amount (estimated) required to be appropriated for completion of - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - existing project $63, 000 10. HEMPSTEAD HARBOR, N. Y. The project was completed in 1913, at a saving of $7,532 under the estimated cost. The expenditures during the year amounted to $66.78 and were applied to maintenance contingencies. No funds are available, and no work is proposed during the fiscal years 1933 and 1934. For further details see Annual Report for 1931, page 186. Commercial statistics.--The commerce for the calendar year 1931 consisted mainly of building material, coal, refined oils, fuel oil, ashes, cinders, cellar dirt, and lumber. Comparative statement Vessel traffic Additional traffic-- cargoes in transit Calendar year Passen - gers Tons Value Tons Value 1927 ----------------------------------------- 8, 188, 322 $13, 230, 139 None. 44, 736 $72, 065 1928 ------------------------------------------ 7, 359, 491 12, 371, 218 None. 45, 832 106 854 1929....... ------------------------------ 6, 378, 535 9, 517, 620 2, 319 19, 160 49, 171 1930-----------------------------------------5, 459, 723 12, 130, 672 3, 034 24, 990 47, 378 1931; ......--.........------------------------------ 5,430,51 ------................... 5, 848,921 15, 711 19,879 70, 139 The lower average per ton value for 1931 is due to the decreased transportation of sand and gravel, the loss of machinery and petro- leum, and to the revision of values. The commerce for 1931 was carried in vessels usually loaded to drafts of 3 to 12 feet. Cost and financial summary Cost of new work to June 30, 1932- .------------..-----.------.. $39, 468. 11 Cost of maintenance to June 30, 1932--. --- l---------- 49; 975.79 Total cost of permanent vWork to June 30, 1934 ----------- 89, 443.90 Net total expenditures- ..-----......... -..-- ------ ------- 89, 443. 90 Total amount appropriated to June 30, 1932_ -. - -- 89, 443.90 Fiscal year ending June 30 1928 1929 1930 1931 1932 Cost of new-work-------- -- ------ ----- ---------.... . - - --- -----. --------- --. Cost of mriitenance-------------- -- $31,993 03 $2, 636.30 $22.00 $200.53 $42. 96 Total expended__..---------_..............------ ---- --.... 30,105. 83 4,539.38 2 . 00 176. 1 . 78 Allotted ------ ....----------------------- 14, 868. 90 -..---.....----------..----------------------- Balance unexpended July 1, 1931- ...-...... ----.---- - $66. 7,8 Gross amount expended ..-- 66. 74 x In addition $50,000 is to be contributed by local interets 174 REPORT OF CHIEF OFENGOTEERS U. S. ARMY, 1932 11. GLENCOVE CREEK, N. Y. Location and description.-This is a narrow tidal inlet extending eastwardly about 1 nile from the east side of Hempstead. Harbor on the north shore of Long Island 26 miles northeast of the Battery, New York City, and 14 miles southwest of Stamford Harbor, Con., to the head of navigation at the city of Glen Cove. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Chart No. 223.) Original condition.-The channel is narrow, varying from 15 to 60 feet in width, winding through a flat salt marsh. Under existing conditions the creek is navigable up to the city of Glen Cove for vessels of shoal draft only at high tide; at low tide it has no navi- gable depth whatever. Previous projects.-None. Ewisting project.-This provides for a channel 100 feet wide and 8 feet deep at mean low water from deep water in Hempstead Har- bor, to the head of navigation at the city of Glen Cove, a total length of about 5,000 feet, to be protected by a sand fence along its north side where it crosses the beach. Mean tidal range, 7.1 feet; mean range of spring tides, 8.4 feet; irregular fluctuations due to wind and barometric pressure vary from 4 feet below mean low water up to 4.5 feet above mean high water. The estimate of cost for new work (of which one-half is to be borne by local interests, see Local cooperation), made in 1923, is $53,500, with $6,000 the first year and $4,000 annually thereafter for maintenance. The existing project was adopted by the river and harbor act of March 3, 1925. (H. Doc. No. 207, 68th Cong., 1st sess.) The latest published map is in the project document. Recommended modiflaations of project.-None. Local cooperation.-The river and ,harbor, act of, March 3, 1925, provides that local interests shall pay one-half the first cost of the work, provide without cost to the United States all rights of way, spoil-disposal areas, and bulkheads, and gives assurances, satisfac- tory to the Secretary of War, that adequate terminals will be built. A bulkhead has been constructed by the city of Glen Cove for use as a public terminal. The necessary, rights of way have not yet been ceded to the United States. Terminal facilities.-There are two privately owned terminals at present, consisting of 1,216 linear feet of timber bulkheads, and one terminal owned by the city of Glen Cove consisting of 500 linear feet of timber bulkhead, located on the northerly side of the creek. The land approaches are all in good condition; there is no railroad connection. Operations and results during fescal year.-None. Condition at end of fiscal year.-The conditions prescribed by Congress in adopting the existing project (see under Local coopera- tion) have not yet been fully complied with; therefore, no work has been done nor have any expenditures been made under the existing project. The controlling depth in the natural channel, when sur- veyed in 1923, was about 0.1 foot at mean low water and 7.2 feet at mean high water. Proposed operations.-There are no funds available for this project. RIVERS AND HARBORS-FIRST NEW YORK, N. Y., DISTRICT 175 It is expected that the conditions of local cooperation imposed by the river and harbor act approved March 3, 1925, will be complied with in time to commence work during the fiscal year 1934. There- fore, the sum of $53,500 ($26,750 of which is to be contributed by local interests) can be profitably expended during the fiscal year ending June 30, 1934, as follows: New work: Dredging from Hempstead Harbor to the head of navigation in Glencove Creek under contract October-November, 1933 $51, 000 _..--_ Building a sand fence at the mouth of Glencove Creek under con- tract (September-October, 1933) ------ , 500 2-------------------- Total ($26,750 to be contributed by local interests) _-------- 53, 500 Commercial statistics.--The commerce for the calendar year 1931 consisted mainly of building material, stone paving blocks, ashes, fuel oil, and riprap. Comparative statement Calendar year Tons Value Calendar year Tons Value 1927--.------------------- 44, 736 $72, 065 1930-------...........--------------............ 24, 990 $47, 378 1928- ----------- --------- 45,842 106,8641931---------------------6,710 74,921 1929_ --------------------- 19, 160 49, 171 The increased tonnage figures for the clendar year 1931 are due to increased receipts of nonmetallic minerals except crushed stone. The increased per ton value is due to revision of values. The commerce for 1931 was carried in vessels usually loaded to drafts of 6 and 7 feet. Cost and financial summary Cost of new work to June 30, 1932---- ....-. ------- - ---------- Cost of maintenance to June 30, 1932 -------------------------------- Net total expenditures,-............- -- Total amount appropriated to June 30, 1932-- ------------------ Amount (estimated) required to be appropriated for completion of - - -- - - -- - - -- - -- - -- - -- - -- -- - -- - -- -- - -- - - existing project $26, 750. 00 Amount that can be profitably expended in fiscal year ending June 30, 1934, for new work t - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 26,750. 00 12: HUNTINGTON HARBOR, N. Y. The project was completed in 1904 at a saving of $2,511 under the estimated cost. The expenditures during the year amounted to $81.17, applied to maintenance contingencies. The balance unex- pended June 30, 1982, $83.99, will be applied to maintenance con- tingencies during the year. No further work is proposed during the fiscal years 1933 and 1934. For further details see Annual Report for 1931, page 190. Commercial 8tatistic.--The commerce for the calendar year 1931 consisted mainly of building material, ashes, petroleum products, and fuel oil. 1 Local interests are to contribute an equal amount. 140960--ENG 1932 12 176 ,EPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1932 Comparative, statement Calendar year Tons Value Calendar year Tons Value 003 $157, 1927-....----...---..-----........ ....... 9,373 $339, 681 930---.............-..-------------- 1928 .. 57,257 11253 1931----.....----..-----. ---- 56,961 317,721 1929---.----------------- 101, 605 273,584 The higher average per ton valUe for 1931 is due to: (a) decreased tonnage of crushed stone and (b) revision of values. The commerce for 1931 was carried in vessels usually loaded to drafts of 5 to 12 feet. Cost8and financial summary Cost of new work to June 30, 1932-_-_---- 989.06 $-----------------51, Cost of maintenance to June 30, 1932-__-- ----------- .------ 35, 543.14 Total cost of permanent work to June 30, 1932------------ 87, 532. 20 Net total expenditures .--------------------------------- 87, 532. 20 Unexpended balance June 30, 1932----- - ---- ----- 83.99 Total amount appropriated to June 30, 1932_- ---- ,_____87, 616.19 Fiscal year ending June 30 1928 1929 1930 1931 1932 Cost of newwork_------------------------. . . _ -- ------ . Cost of maintenance---------__-- --- $35.61. $132.11--- -$79.38 $5i.5 Total expended.......- - .... ........ -- ----- --- -- 94.55, 1 00.03 $3208 4976 81. 17 Allotted------------------------------200.00..200.00 ..................... Balance unexpended July 1, 1931,----------------------------- $165.16 Gross amount expended ______.......... . . ,., 81.17 Balance unexpended June 30, 1932-- .. -... 83.99 13. PORT JE FERSON IARO, .Y. Lodation and description.-This is an indentation of the north shore of Loi g Island, about 56 miles by w ter' east: of the Battery, Tew York City, and 13.5 miles southeast of Bridgeport Harbor, Conn. It is about 1.75 miles long and ave'ages 0.75 mile wide. The entrance is protected by jetties, one on either side of the channel, which:latter is about 0.5 mile long. arn,300 feet, wide. (See U. S. Coast aid Geodetic Survey Chart No0. 361,) Original condition.-Irn its original condition. the depth at mean low water over the outer bar was 4 to 5 feet. Frm the outer bar to the harbor proper, depths of ,6 feet or more existed at mean low water, with widths .of 125. to 300 feet. In the harbor proper, depths of 12 feet or more were found as far south 'as the village of Port Jefferson, about,2. miles from the entrance. The head °of navigation was and is at the village. Previous projects.-The original project was adopted by the river and harbor act of March 3,.1871, and was. modified in 1875 (Annual Report, 1875, p. 265) and 1877 (Annual Report, 1877, p,221). The cost and expenditures on this modified project prior to the commence- ment of work under the existing project in 1891 were $80,200. Funds RIVERS AND HARBORS-FIRST NEW YORK, N. Y., DISTRICT 177 spent for improvement can not be accurately separated from those for maintenance. For further details see page 1771 of Annual Report for 1915. Existing project.-This provides for dredging a channel through the entrance 300 feet wide and 16 feet deep at mean low water, for repairing and enlarging two riprap jetties built under the previous project, and for extending the east jetty a distance of 450 feet. The length of channel included in the project is about 2,600 feet, the length ,of the west jetty is 940 feet, and ther projected length of the east. jetty about 2,350 feet., ,Mean tidal. range, 6.2 feet inside of entrance channel; mean range of spring tides, 7.4 feet; irregular fluctuations due to wind and barometric pressure vary from 4 feet below mean low water up to 4 feet above mean high water. The estimate of cost for new work, revised in 1928, is $301,000, exclusive of amounts expended on previous projects, of which $57,000 is to be contributed by local interests. The latest (1928) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $2,500. The existing project was authorized by the following river and harbor acts; The act of September. 19, 1890, provided for a channel 10 feet deep and 200 feet wide; the act of August 18, 1894, provided for a channel 12 feet in depth at mean low water in Port Jefferson Inlet and Harbor (Annual Report, 1889, p. 751); and the act of July 3, 1930, provided for a channel 16 feet deep at mean low water and 300 feet wide, and for extension of the east jetty (H. Doc. No. 305, 70th Cong., 1st sess.). The latest published map is in the last-men- tioned document. Recommended modifications of project.--None. Local cooperation.-The river and harbor act of July 3, 1930, pro- vides that local interests shall dredge the channel to full project dimensions under plans to be approved by the Chief of Engineers and the Secretary of War, or shall contribute $57,000 to the cost of the work. Terminal facilities.-.--Water terminals, three in number, with avail- able dockage of 1,620 feet, are located at and near the head of naviga- tion. One, in fair condition, with available dockage of 250 feet, is privately owned, and two, in good condition, with available dockage of 1,375 feet, are corporately owned. Two, with available dockage of 875, feet, are open to, the, public, and one, with available dockage of 250 feet, has mechanical appliances for handling cargoes. None has rail connection. All are of open pile construction. The termi- nals appear to be adequate for existing commerce. (For further details see H. Doc. No. 652, 66th Cong., 2d sess.) Qy qtone and results during fscal year.-None. There was no cost. The. expenditures in payment of accounts payable at the be- gining of the year amnounted to $0.22. G° _iidiion at end of fiscal year -The project is 30 per cent com- plete d: The channel was completed to a 12-foot depth in 1903. The east jetty has been built to about four-fifths of its project length and the west jetty to full project length but incomplete width and height. These jetties have aided materially in maintaining the width and depth of the dredged channel lying between them. No work ef maintenance or improvement has been done by the United States 178 REPORT OF. CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1932 since 1909. As shown by a survey made in May, 1931, project depth existed through a channel 300 feet wide with the exception of a shoal in mid-channel about 100 feet wide and with a least depth of 9.6 feet, opposite the outer end of the west jetty. The work remaining to be done to complete the project consists in completing the jetties to project dimensions and removing a few shoals left after dredging the 16-foot channel by private interests. Construc- tion of extension to east jetty authorized by the 1930 river and har- bor act is to be deferred until its need is demonstrated. The total cost of the existing project up to June 30, 1932, was $101,352.15; $91,226.71 for new work and $10,125.44 for maintenance. The total expenditures amounted to $101,352.15. Proposed operations.--There are no funds available for this proj- ect. It is believed that a channel of project dimensions will be provided by local interests during the fiscal year 1933. It is believed that dredging for maintenance will not be necessary during the next two years, and the need for, the extension of the east jetty authorized by the river and harbor act of July 3, 1930, has not yet been demonstrated. Therefore no funds can be profitably expended during the fiscal year ending 4june 30, 1934. Commercial statistics.-The commerce for the calendar year 1931 consisted mainly of sand and gravel, crshed stone, refined oils, fuelt oil, building material, and shellfish. Comparative statement Calendar Tons Value Passengers Calendar Tons Value Passengers year year 1927- 2, 664, 944 $4, 978, 033 81, 660 1930 - 2, 787,714 $4, 80,923 74,00 1928.. . 2, 763, 890 4, 423, 834 82,242 1931 ...... 2,79,816 3, 00, 382 89, 270 1929........ 2, 711, 714 3,694. 375 42, 276 A large number of pleasure boats are stored in the harbor during the winter months, and many small fishing craft use the harbor the year round. The lower average per ton value for 1931 is due to revision of values. The commerce for 1931 was carried in vessels usually loaded to drafts of 6 to 18 feet. Cost an flnainoial summary Cost of new work to June 30, 1932 ..--------------- -------- $171, 426. 71 Cost of maintenance to June 30, 1932-------------------------- 10, 125. 44 Total cost of permanent work to June 30, 1932----------- 181, 52.15 Net total expenditures.....-------------- ----------------- 181, 552,15 Total amount appropriated to June 30, 1932-....__ --- --- - 181, 552.15 Fiscal year ending June 30 1928 1929 1930 1931 1932 Cost of new work.-------- ------ -----..........--- -- Cost of maintenance-------------------- $776.40 $304.79 $376.06 $21.21------ Total expended.------------------------- 776. 71 273. 97 379. 57 44. 99 $0.22 Allotted--.----..--.. , -- 500.00 ........................ RIVERS AND HARBORS---FIRST NEW YORK, N. Y., DISTRICT 179 Balance unexpended July 1, 1931-------------------------------- $0. 22 Gross amount expended....------------- ---------------------- .22 Amount (estimated) required to be appropriated for completion of - - - - - - - - existing project 1 700. 00 1---------152, 14. MATTITUCK HARBOR, N. y. The existing project is completed. The expenditures during the year amounted to $88.37 and were applied to maintenance contin- gencies. No funds are available, and no work is proposed during the fiscal years 1933 and 1934, pending action by Congress on the modification of the project recommended in House Document No. 8, Seventy-first Congress, first session. For further details see Annual Report for 1931, page 196. Commercial statistics.-The commerce for the calendar year 1931 consisted of shellfish. Comparative statement Calendar year Tons Value Calendar year Tons Value 1927--------------_ 6, 590 $17, 411 1930 --------------------- 1, 707 $14, 529 1928---------------------- 3,280 28,508 1931 ---------------------- 36 8,100 1929---------_-_-_---_ 11, 743 27,519 The decreased tonnage and value figures for 1931 are due to the fact that sand and gravel and fresh vegetables were not transported. .The commerce for 1931 was carried in vessels loaded to drafts of 4 feet. Cost and financial summary Cost of new work to June 30, 1932_-- -__------------- $94, 956.40 Cost of maintenance to June 30, 1932------------------------- 84, 076. 98 Total cost of permanent work to June 30, 1932 _....___ . 179, 033.38 Net total expenditures ---- -------------- 179, 033. 38 Total amount appropriated to June 30, 1932_--_--- -- ___----- 179,033. 88 Fiscal year ending June 30 1928 1929 1930 1931 1932 Cost ofnew work------------------- -- ------------------------------- Cost of maintenance -..------------------ $24,445.87 $512.83 $116.00 .$116.1 5 $39.22 Total expended_.___..-..----.---___ ---- 24, 476. 42 492.30 79. 29 147. 00 88. 37 Allotted-----------------. --- ---------- -----------.--- .-- ------..- 1,216. 62 Balance unexpended July 1, 1931 -------------------------- $1, 304. 99 Deductions on account of revocation of allotment-------1-------- ,216. 62 Net amount to be accounted for----------------------- 88. 37 Gross amount expended ------------------------------...... $90.16 Less reimbursements collected---___-------------------1. 79 - 88. 37 15. GREAT SOUTH BAY, N. Y. The project is 90 per cent completed. The expenditures during the year amounted to $10.60, applied to maintenance contingencies. The balance unexpended, $36.03, will be applied to maintenance con- 1 In addition $57,000 is to be contributed by local interests. "80 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. XAIMY 1932 tingencies. Further new work on the project is not necessary at this time and no work is contemplated during the fiscal year 1934. For further detailssee; Annual Report for 1981, page 198. Com ercial statistics.--The commerce for the calendar year! 1931 consisted of building material, shellfish, lumber, fresh or frozen fish, general cargo, ashes, shells, and coal. Comparatve stater ent Calendar Tons Vaue Calendar Tons Value Passengers Tons Vue Passengers year 1927:-.-...... 37,404 $1, 473, 702 15,836 1930--------..... 45,345 $2, 173, 752 24,968 1928----....--... 33,064 1, 947, 937 32, 596 1931........ 32, 694 3,445, 494 8, 190 1929-------- 48, 690 6, 932, 830 90,087 The higher average per ton value for 1931 is due to: (a) De- creased tonnage of bricks and (b) to revision of the value of shell- fish. The commerce for 1931 was carried in vessels usually loaded to drafts of 2 to 12 feet. Cost and fancial summaTry Cost of new work to June 30, 1932------- --- --------- $99, 820. 82 Cost of maintenance to June 30, 1932-- _--- -- -- ------ 88, 543.15 Total cost of permanent work to June 30, 1932----------- 188,363,97 Net total expenditures------------- -------------------- 188, 363.97 Unexpended balance June 30, 1932 - --- -- _--- ------ ------- - 36. 0 Total amount appropriated to June 30, 1932--------------188,400.00 Fiscal year ending June 30 1928 1929 1930 1931 1932 Cost of new work-... - : -.... _ . Cost of maintenance.--- -------------- $683.82 $13,484. 89 $1, 085, 77 $39.75 0 $10.6 Total expended..-------- ----------------- 640. 76 12, 516. 09 2, 085. 38 59. 75 10. 60 Allotted------------ ---- ------------ 13,000.00 1, 700.00 600.00 ----.-.---------- -. Balance unexpended July 1, 1931 -------------------- $46, 63 Gross amount expended ------------------------------------- 10.60 Balance unexpended June 30, 1932----_... --.------------ 36.03 Amount (estimated) required to be appropriated for completion of existing project 1 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 6, 100. 00 16. BROWNS CREEK, N. Y. The project is about 36 per cent completed. No work was done during the fiscal year 1933. The balance unexpended, $361.92, will be applied to maintenance contingencies during the fiscal year. Further work of improvement is not necessary at this time, and no operations are proposed during the fiscal year 1934. For further details, see Annual Report for 1931, page 201. 1 Exclusive of available funds. RIVERS AND HARBORS-I FIRST NEW YORK, N. Y., .DISTRICT 181 Commercial stattic.-,-The commerce for the calendar year 1931 consisted of shellfish and fresh or frozen fish. Comparative statement Car Tons Value Passenges Calendar Tons ' Value Passengers year year 1927-....... 394 $16, 101 None. 1930 ....... 233 $15, 030 None. 1928.--------- 1,021 45,818 i,550 1931. 193 43, 254 None. 1929........ 3,166 117, 936 -2,192 The higher average per ton value for the calendar year 1931 is due to revision of the value of shellfish. The commerce for 1931 was carried in vessels usually loaded to drafts of 3 to 8 feet. Cost and finanial summary Cost of new work to June 30, 1932------.---- ----------------- $30, 312. 00 Cost of maintenance to June 30, 1932------------------- --53, 048. 08 Total cost of permanent work to June 30, 1932------------- 83, 360.08 Net total expenditures.------- ------------------- 83, 360. 08 Unexpended balance June 30, 1932. ----------------- 361. 92 Total amount appropriated to June 30, 1932- -----.... -.. _ 83, 722. 00 Fiscal year ending June 30 1928 1929 1930 1931 1932 Cost of new work......--------------------- $5,312.00 .. .........-----............... Cost of maintenance...------------------- 16, 566. 01 $151.02 - ,- - $40. 45 -------- Total cost....----------------------- 21, 878&01 02------.--. 151. 40. 45 - Total expended-------- 26, 306. 44 151.02 _. _- ..-- ...........--.......------------- 40. 45 Allotted------.-....-..-.. ---------. , 14, 000.00 . ....... _ __ ____ Balance unexpended July 1, 1931-------- ---------------------- 361.92 Balance unexpended June 30, 1932------- --------------- 361. 92 Amount (estimated) required to be appropriated for completion of existing project1 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - --- --- 54, 06.00 17. EAST ROCKAWAY (DEBS) INLET, N. Y. Zocation and description.--On the south shore of Long Island between the main body of the island and the western end of Long Beach. It is 10 miles east of Rockaway Inlet and about 27 miles by water from the Battery, New York City. It connects Long Beach Channel with the Atlantic Ocean. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Charts Nos. 579 and 1915.) Original condition.-The natural channel, 12 feet and more in depth, extends from the Atlantic Beach Bridge to a point about 500 feet south of the north nun buoy. The width of this channel was 200 feet and over, except at this buoy, where it narrowed to '125 feet. From the :southern end of this chaniel to the 12-foot 1 Exclusive of available funds. 182 R]PORT. OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 19 32 contour on the ocean slope of the bar, a distance of abnout 2,000 feet, the controlling depth was about 6 feet. Previous projects.--None. Existing project.--This provides"- for a channel 12 feet deep at mean low water and 250 feet wide from the 12-foot contour in the Atlantic Ocean to the 12-foot contour in Long Beach Channel, pro- tected by jetties, Mean tidal range, 3.9 feet; mean range of spring tides, 4.7 feet; irregular fluctuations due to wind and barometric pressure vary from about 31/2 feet below mean low water up to about 31/2 feet above mean high water. The estimate of cost for new work made in 1929 is $710,000 (of which' $100,000 is to be, provided by local interests). The latest (1929) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $20,000. The existing project was adopted by the river and harbor act of July 3, 1930 (H. Doc. No. 19, 71st Cong., 1st sess.), The latest published map is in the project document. Recommended modifications of project.--None. Local coo peration.-The river and harbor act of July 3, 1930, pro- vides that Iocal interests shall contribute $100, 0 to the cos of the work; give assurances satisfactory to the Secretary of War and the Chief of Engineers that they will pirovide' and maintain 'at their own expense interior channels suitable for navigation, not less than 12 :feet deep, from East Rockaway Inlet to the ltempstead-Oyster Bay line, a distance of about 15 miles, to Hewlett Harbor and to Freeport Harbor; furnish, without expense to the United States, necessary land, easements, and rights of way for construction and maintenance of the jetties, and agree to hold and save the United States free of claims for damages to public and private property resulting from the improvement. Local interests have furnished the necessary easement, right of way for construction, and release of claims for damages necessary for the construction of the east jetty, and have given assurance that $100,000 will be contributed when required. Compliance with the conditions has not yet been approved by the Chief of Engineers. Terminal facilities.-There are no terminals within the area im- mediately adjacent to the improvement, The Water front on the north side of Long Beach has been bulkheaded. A town wharf with available dockage of about 400 feet exists at Woodmere. There is also a town wharf at East Rockaway. It is expected that additional dockage will become available when needed. Operations and results during fiscal year.-None. Condition at end of fiscal year.-rThe cQnditions prescribed by Congress in adopting the existing project (see Lacal cooperation) have not been fully complied with, therefore, no work has been done nor have any expenditures been made under the existing project. The controlling mean low water depth, as shown by an ~examination made in August, 1931, was about 4 feet in the adopted channel across the bar to deep water in East Rockaway Inlet.. Proposed operations.-It is expected that the conditions of local cooperation imposed by the river and harbor act approved July 3, 1930, will be complied with during July, 1932. An allotment of $150,000, to be madewhen local cooperation has been complied with RIVERS AND HARBORS-FIRST NEW YORK, N. Y., DISTRICT 183 in addition to $100,000 to be contributed by local interests will be applied as follows: New work: Complete by Apr. 1, 1934, construction of the east jetty, under a continuing contract to be entered into, at an estimated cost of $443,000. Estimated expenditures to June 30, 1933-----------. $250,000 Additional funds will be needed for completing the east jetty to project length and dredging the entrance channel :to project dimen- sions. Therefore, the sum of $268 000 can be profitably expended in this work during the fiscal year ending June 30, 1934, as follows: New work: Complete construction of the east jetty, under the above-men- tioned. continuing contract (July, 1933-April, 1934); amount to be expended to complete--.. -------------- _----- $193, 000 Dredging the entrance channel to project dimensions, under a contract to be entered ntod (April-June, 1934).___ ..._.. - 70,000 Total . ------------ ------- -------------------- 263, 000 oCommercia statistics.-The commerce for the calendar year 1931 consisted of crude oil. Comparative statement Calendar Tons Value Passengers Calendar Tons Value Passengers year year 1927__.------- 7,245 $38,:513-_ . 880 $15,093 .1930. . 1928------, 1929-....... 27,172 2,466 144,670 51, 231 . _-1931--------- 9,297i 60,245 828 The increased tonnage and value figures for the calendar year 1931, are due to receipts of crude oil. The commerce for 1931 was carried in vessels usually loaded to drafts of 7 to 9 feet. Cost and financial summary Cost of new work to June 30, 1932------- --------- Cost of maintenance to June 30, 1932..----- ------------------------- Net total expenditures----------------------------------------- Total amount appropriated to June 30, 1932--------------------------- Amount (estimated) required to be appropriated for completion of - - - - - - - - - -- -- - -- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - existing project $610, 000 Amount that can be profitably expended in fiscal year ending June 30, -- - - - - - - - - - ---- - -- -- - - -- - -- -- - -- - -- - 1934, for new work 263, 000 18. JAMAICA B3AY, N. Y. Location and description.--This is an indentation in the south shore of Long Island, the entrance being about 8 miles east of the Narrows, New York Harbor. It includes a total area of about 181/2 square miles and is separated from the Atlantic Ocean by Rockaway Beach. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Chart No. 542.) Originl condition.--The dimensions of the channels in use were (depths being below mean low water): Two entrance channels, one from the sea about 8,000 feet long, 800 feet wide, and 10 to 14 feet 1In addition $100,000 is to be contributed by local interests. 184 REPORT. OF.CHIEF OF i' GINEEBS, T. S. ARMY,' 193 2 minimum depthii subject 'to frequent changes, and -theother' from New York Harbor via Coney Island Channel, about 12,000 feet long, 200 feet wide, and 10 feet deep; interior channels pof ample width and depth near the entrance, decreasing to less than 3 feet depth and 200 feet width at the heads of navigation, distant, respectively, 4 and 10 miles from the entrance. Thetbewere several minor: channels in the bay used by small fishing boats at high tide. Previous projects.-There was no previous project for improving Jamaica Bay as a whole. Under a project adopted by the, river and harbor act of June 14, 1880, channels were excavated and dikes were built at and in the vicinity of Canarsie: (Annual Report 1912, p. 240.) Under a project adopted by the river and harbor act of July 13, 1892, a channel 5 feet deep at mean low water and 60 feet wide extending from Bass Channel in Jamaica Bay to foot of Bayswater Avenue, Far Rockaway, was completed in 1893 by dredging. (An- nual Report 1895, p. 106.) The cost and expenditures under pre- vious projects prior to the commencement of work under the existing project in 1912 amounted to $82,293.81-$79,332.6 for new work and 2,961.45 for maintenance. For further details see page 1770 of Annual Report for 1915. Existing project.-This is a cooperative project for making a gen- eral harbor in Jamaica Bay. It provides for making and maintain- ing an entrance channel 30 feet deep at mean low water and 1,500 feet wide, with widening at bends; a main channel extending from the entrance channel up to the mouth of Cornells Creek, to be 30 feet deep at mean low water and 1,000 feet wide, with widening at bends; and for the protection of the entrance channel by one or two riprap jetties, as may be necessary. The :prosecution ofwork to be done at the expense of the United States is.to be. subject to. the conditions specified under L.oc lcoo~erao. Length of section included in the project, 14 miles. Mean tidal range, 4.9 feet at Barren Island :to 5.1 feet at Canarsie and Hammels; mean range of spring tides, 5.8 feet and 6.1 feet, respectively; irregular fluctuations due to wind and barometric pressure vary from 4 feet below mean low water up to 3.5 feet above mean high water. Estimated cost to the United States for new work, made in 1919, $11,806,000. Estimated cost of annual maintenance work, made in 1919, in entrance channel, $160,000; in main' channel, $100,000; total, $260,000, all exclusive of amounts expended on previous projects. (H. Com. Doc. No. 4, 66th Cong., 2d sess.) The existing project as printed in House Document No. 1488, Sixtieth Congress, second session, was adopted by the river and harbor acts of June 25, 1910, and September 22, 1922. The latest published map is in House Document No. 1488, Sixtieth Congress, second session. Recommended modification of project.-:None. SLocal cooperation,-In ad6pting the enlarged project the river and harbor act of Septeiber 22, '1922, provide: tht an funid hereto fore or hereafter appropriated for 'this impiovement may be applied to providiig the channels specified i Houise Dobu itnt NNW 1488, Six tieth Congress, second sess o , with a depth oi 80:'feet at mean low water whenever and to such extent as the city of New York shall construct or provide for the construction of terminals with facilities suitable to channels of that depth. It also provided that the city RIVERS AND EARBORS-FIBST- NEW YORK, N. Y., DISTRICT 185 of New York may:be reimbursed for dredging and disposing of the material dredged in the main interior channel at actual cost, which shall not exceed a rate of 10 cents per cubic yard, including any cost of inspection borne by the United States, such reimbursement to include overdepth allowance not exceeding 1 foot. To meet these conditions the city of New York had, up to October 29, 1928, appro- priated a total of $10,835,192.62,of which amount $2,500,000 is to be applied to airport constructions The airport is located in the vicinity of Barren Island. There had been expended up to October 29, 1928, $6,5299 .93, and with the funds appropriated the city has proceeded as follows: (a) 'hIts secured title to 2,710 acres of upland and land under water located along aboutt 7 miles of the water front of Jamaica Bay between Barren Island nd the Long Islad Railroad crossing. on the, north side of the bay at Hamilton Beach; this includes 339 acres which will afford the city an opportunity for constructing a railroad connection from the New York Connecting Railroad to andi around the entire Jamaica Bay water front in accordance with a plan adopted by, the city authorities 'June 25, 1925. (b) Has dredged a channel 18 feet deep in Mill Basin at a cost of $66,937. (o) Built a wooden bulkhead p~atform 400 feet long at the head of Mill Basin at 4 cost of $63,14. (d) 'heaS expended about $534,700 constructing a reinforced concrete bulk- .Avenue head platform in Mill Basin extending about 2,700 feet southward from U. (e)I.Has extended Flatbush Avenue southward to the water front of Barren Island and. inaugurated a ferry service across Rockaway Inlet, connecting Flatbush Avenue with the Rockaways. (f) In cooperation with the president of the Borough of Queens, constructed a boulevard across Jamaica Bay connecting Borough of Queens at Woodhaven with the Rockaways at Holland, thus shortening the previous vehicular route by about 10 miles. A cross-bay channel was excavated in connection with this work, the excavated material being used in constructing the boulevard. Has dredged a channel 18 feet deep, 300 feet wide, and 7,500 feet long in Paerdegat Basin at a cost of $269,921. (g) The construction of a pier at Canarsie suited to vessels requiring a channel 30 feet deep is completed except for the construction of storage sheds irindthe installation of freight-handling facilities, which are to be of a type adapted to the requirement of the lessee. Contract price, $487,269. Rockaway Parkway, leading to,the pier, is being widened to 120 feet. (A) Good prdgiess has been made.by a committee appointed by the City, authorities to make a study of proposed arrangements for interchange of freight between rail and 'water. The main interior channel of 30 feet depth and 1,000 feet width has, be dredged from Barren Island to Canarsie Pier, a length of akoutq?0,000 feet. Repayment to the city of the cost of dredging the main interior channel up to but not exceeding 10 cents per cubic ygd,, place measurement, including the cost of inspection, is made by the United' States. Termina facilities.-A esides tbe Ilidings 'a Barren Island, Can- arsie, and other points built before the improvement was begun and little affected by it, 3,106 linear feet of bulkhead made by the city in Mill Creek Basin are used. The.existing facilities are fairly ade- quate for the existing :commerce, but are .:wholly inadequate for the commerce anticipated and'for which the project was adopted.' (For latest full description of terminal facilities see PortSeries No,.. 20, Corps of Engineers.) Jatica Bay les within the limits of the port district as recommended by the Port of New York Authority, Decem- 1%r 21, 1921. (See under Terminal facilities, New York Harbor, p. 190 of thiis report.) 186 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 19'32. Operations and results during flcal year.--Under a continuing contract dated November 18, 1930, for, the construction of the east jetty for a length of about 8,4001 feet, work commenced March 11, 1931, was in progress at the end of the fiscal year. There were placed _in the jetty 240,473 tons of stone at a total cost of $897,070,27 for new work.sThe cost of a survey to determine the condition of the channel was $2,535.61, for maintenance. - The total: cost of all work was $899,605.98. The expenditures amounted to $790,750.90 Condition at end of fiscal year.--The project is about 27 per cent completed. 'The main interior channel has been dredged to a depth of 30 feet at mean low water and width of 1,000 feet from Barren Island up to Canarsie, a length of about 18,100 feet; thence,up to a point 500 feet east of Fresh Creek Basin, a stretch of about 3,400 feet, it has been dredged to a depth of 18 feet at mean low water and width of 500 feet. 'Ab:out 5,500 feet of the east jetty were completed at th end of the fiscal year. The controlling mean how water depth through a navigable channel 500 to 1,000 feet wide from the ocean to Canarsie was about 20 feet, from a survey Inade in June -July, 1932. The work remaining to be d6ne ~t the expense of the':United States to complete the existing, project consists in dredging the entrance channel to a depth of 30 feet and width of 1,500 feet, com- pleting the east jetty now under construction, and in building a west jetty, if necessary to maintain a channel 'of project dimeisions, and in dredging the main interior channel to a depth of 30 feet at mean low water and width of 1,000 feet ,rom Canarsie up to the head of the projected improvement at: the mouth of Cornell Creek. The city of New York has, at its: expense, met the conditions prescribed by Congfress in adopting the project too the extent outlined under Loal cooperation The terminal at Canarsie has 'been partly completed; highway and railroad connections ':with, this terminal ' have yet to be made', and 'facilities for handling cargoes, suited to the kind of freight to b andled by lessees, are to be installed at the time of :leasing. Additional terminals suited to vessels requiring a channel of 30 feet depth, with highway and railroad connections, and freight-handling facilities are to be provided by the city of New York in advance of the extension of the channel north- ward from the pier at Canarsie.. The total cost to the iiited States of the existing project up to June 30, 1932, was $3,243,525.15-$3,191,763.71 for new work and $51,761.44 for maintenance. The total expenditures amounted to $3,124,953.28. Proposed operations.---The balance unexpended at the end of the year together with an allotment of $352,000 made during July, 1932, a total of $473,647.66, will be applied as follows: Accounts payable June 30, 1932 ---------------------------- $118, 571.87 New work: Complete by Oct. 31, 1932, construction of east jetty off Rockaway Point, under a continuing contract in force. Amount to be expended to complete ------------------------------- $303, 309. 66 Operate 1 United States seagoing dredge in the entrance channel for 2% months (December, 1932-February, 1983) ------------- --- 51, 766.13 855, 075. 79 Total-.-------------------_-- _ _--------. 473, 647. 66 RIVERS AND HARBORS--FIRST NEW YORK, N. Y., DISTRICT 187 This work will complete an entrance channel 600 feet wide with a controlling depth of about 26 feet. Further dredging for improvement will be necessary. Therefore additional fund amounting to $100,000 can be profitably experided during the fiscal year ending June 30, 1934, in the operation of one Unitea States seagoing dredge in the entrance channel for 4 months (March-June, 1934). This work will complete an entrance channel 600 feet wide with a controlling depth of about 29 feet. Commercial statios.--The commerce for the calendar year 1931 consisted mainly of building material, refined oils, coal and coke, riprap, fuel and gas oil, crude oil, petroleum products, ashes, asphalt paving blocks, cellar dirt, and asphalt. Comparative statement Calendar Tons Value Passengers Calenar Tons Value Passengers year year 1927.-.--... 1, 285, 073 $19, 107, 328 856, 992 1930........ 1,165, 373 $18, 733, 043 1,997,962 1928 .... 1,212, 844 11, 434, 541 1, 102, 477 1931-........ 1, 438, 271 13, 123, 326 1, 479, 502 1929 ....... 1, 497,445 18,448, 012 1, 872, 132 The lower average per ton value for 1931 is due to revision of values. The increased tonnage figure for 1931 is due to increased receipts of riprap and sand and gravel. The commerce for 1931 was carried in vessels usually loaded to drafts of 5 to 16 feet. Cost and financial summary Cost of new work to June 30, 1932_--------- ---.--------- $3, 271, 096. 07 Cost of maintenance to June 30, 1932----------------------- 54, 722. 89 Total cost of permanent work to June 30, 1932------- 3, 325. 818. 96 Minus accounts payable June 30, 1932-------------- -------- 118, 571. 87 Net total expenditures-__------ ---.------- 3, 207, 247. 09 Unexpended balance June 30, 1932-------------------------- 121, 647. 66 Total amount appropriated to June 30, 1932_ -- --- 3, 328, 894. 75 Fiscal year ending June 30 1928 1929 1930 1931 1932 Cost of new work---------------................. $389, 664.17 $281, 677.92 $138,078. 66 $86,908. 03 $897, 070.37 Cost of maintenance---........---------.... 6, 807. 74 1, 012.3 ------------..............----- 2, 535. 61 Total cost....-----------------396471. 91 232, 690. 45. 138, 078. 66 86, 908. 03 899, 605. 98 Total expended..----------------- 490, 441. 11 133, 254. 81 358, 677.14 77, 212. 24 790, 750. 90 Allotted---------------------- 800, 000. 00 500, 00.00 -311,200.00 506, 000.00 -37,699. 06 Balance unexpended July 1, 1931----------------------------- $950, 097. 62 Amount allotted from emergency construction act, approved Dec. 20, 1930---------------------------------------------- 33, 329. 09 Amount to be accounted for _ ---------------- 983, 426. 71 Deductions on account of revocation of allotment----- -------- 71, 028. 15 Net amount to be accounted for---.--.....-...... 912, 398. 56 188 REPORT:-OF CIEF OF E!NGINEERS, U.S.- ARlMY~ 19322 Gross ,amount ... . $791, 417. 46 $expeided Less reimbursements collected . ...... 6656 . :Balanci rnexpended .June 30, 1932 , ._----------.---- 66 Outstanding liabilities June 30, 1932--_L-----..-.118, 571. 87 Amount covered by "tincoimpleted contr.ets- -------- 490. 00 119, 061. 87 Balance a aillible June 30, 1932 -------------- ,--------- 2585.79 Amount allotted fronm War Department appropriation act July 14, 1932 -;--.. - --------- ------------..--.--.--.. 35,00 . 00 B tlance available for fiscal year 1933, .-- .. 354, 585.79 Amount (estimated) required to be appropriated for completion of existing project 1 ---------- --.. .-.-- -.---. 8250, 000. 00 Amount that can be profitably expended in fiscal year ending June 30, 1934, for new work 1 - .. - - - - .. _--1, 00, 000. 00 19. SHEEPSHEAD BAY, N. Y. The project was completed in 1914 at a saving of $5,772 imder the estimated cost. No work was done during the year. The balance uiexpended,' $168.58, will be applied to maintenance contingencies during the fiscal year. No work is proposed during 1934. For further details, see Annual Report for 1931, page 210. SCmmercial stattistic.--The commerce ifor the calendar. year 1931 consisted of gasoline, lubricating oil, and fuel oil. Comparative statement Calendar year Tons Value Passengers Calendar year , Tons Value Passengers 1927-------- 16,414 $912, 00 489, 384 1930 792 $38, 782 1,503, 712 1928 .... 2,864 474,241 698, 516 1931........ 466 10,879 851, 338 1929... 3,711 459, 768 729,648 The decreased tonnage and. value figures for 1931 are due to decreased receipts of gasoline. The commerce for 1931 was carried in vessels usually loaded to drafts of 4 to 11 feet. Cost and ,finanoial summary Cost of new work to June 30, 1932-------------------------- $33, 827.59 Cost of maintenance to June 30, 1932__,_ ___-__-- --. ---- - 3, 342. 81 Total cost of permanent work to June 30, 1932------------- 37, 170. 40 Net total expenditures--------------------------------- - 37, 170. 40 Unexpended balance June 30, 1932----------------------------- -- 168.58 Total amount appropriated to June 30, 1932-------------- 37, 338. 98 Fiscal year ending June 30 1928 1929 1930 1931 1932 Cost of new work-------------.--- Cost of maintenance-.........----..------..... ---------- $51.64 $6.67 $71.81 $1. 30....... .. Total expended----- ------------... ............--..- 173.11 ........... L.... . . Allotted,-----------------_------------- 300.00 - - " Balance unexpended July 1, 1931- --------------.-.. -. _..$168. 58 Balance unexpended June 30, 1932--- ------------ - -- 168. 58 x Exclusive of available funds. RIVERS AND HARBORS---FIRST NEW YORK, N. Y., DISTRICT 189 20. NEW YORK ARBOR: AMBROSE, MAIN SHIP, BAYSIDE, AND .GED- NEY CHANNELS, INCLUDING ANCHORAGE CHANNEL' AND CRAVEN SHOAL, AND CHANNEL IETWEEN STATEN ISLAND AND HOFFMAN AND SWINBURNE ISLANDS, N. Y. Locatio and des ription.-The works included under the above title are in the Lower Bay and in the lower part of the Upper Bay, New York Harbor. The Lower Bay is 330 miles southwest by water of Boston Harbor, Mass. and 165 :miles northeast of the entrance to Delaware Bay, N. J., and Del. : The Upper Bay extends southerly from the junction of Hudson and East ftivers opposite the Battery, New York City, a distance of about 'Y2 miles Its width varies from 2 to 41/2 miles with an area of 21;square miles. It connects with the Lower Bay through the Narrows, -over a mile wide and 2 miles long. The Lower Bay, which is roughly triangular in shape, with an area of over 100 square miles, exterdds from the Narrows to the sea, a distance of about 9 -miles, being about 5 miles wide at the entrance. The channeis included in this project are located in the Upper and Lower Bays and are as follows: Ambrose Channel and Bayside- Gedney ChAnnel with its extension Main Ship Channel provide the two entrances from deep water in the Atlantic Ocean to the upper limits of the Lower Bay; Anchorage -Channel, an extensior: to Am- brose Channel, is situated in the Upper Bay between Governors Island and the Narrows; the channel between Staten Island and Hoffman and Swinburne (Quarantine) Islands extends southerly from Fort Wadsworth for 21/2 miles. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Charts Nos. 369 and 541.) Original condition.-In the Main Ship-Bayside-Gedney Channel the natural depth across the bar was 23.7 feet, with a width of about 500 feet. Inside the bar the depths were greater and a total length of 9 miles required dredging to make 30 feet depth. Ambrose Channel had a natural available depth of about 16 feet for a width of 2 000 feet.: T'hese channels formed separate routes across the shoals in Lower New York Harbor. The Anchorage Channel had a natuial depth of 40 feet or more, with a minimum width outside the necessary anchorages of 370 feet, limiting the 40-foot entrance chan- nel in that part of its route. Craven Shoal had a least depth of 19.6 feet. The channel between: Staten Island and Hoffman and Swin- burne islands, 21/4 miles in length, had available mean low-water depths of 10 feet to Hoffman Island and 8 feet to Swinburne Island, aridIidths of about 50 feet, with channel banks not defined. Pqe dou p rojects.--None. Ewisting project.---This provides for the Ambrose Channel 40 feet deep and 2,000 feet wide, extending from the sea to deep water in the Lwer Bay length about 7.5 miles; for the Anchorage Channel, an extension o? Ambrose Channel, with the same depth and width, in the Upper Bay, opposite the anchorage grounds, length about 3.5 miles; for the Main Ship-Bayside-Gedney Channel, 30 feet deep and 1,000 feet wide, extending from the sea to deep water in the Lower Bay, length about 101/2 miles; for the removal of Craven Shoal to a depth of 30 feet; for a channel 16 feet deep, 200 feet wide and about 12,500 feet long, extending from Bell Buoy 23 to Hoffman and Swinburne Islands. The project depths refer to mean low water. Mean tidal range, 4.7 feet; mean range of spring tides, 5.6 190 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1932 feet; irregular fluctuations due to wind and barometric pressure vary from 4 feet below mean low water, up to 4 feet above mean high water. The estimate of cost for new work, revised in 1930, is $8,803,000. The latest (1930) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $165,000. The existing project was authorized by the following river and harbor acts: The act of July 5, 1884, provided for the Main Ship- Bayside-Gedney Channel, and the dimensions of this channel were fixed by the Secretary of War December 27, 1886, under authority of the act of August 5, 1886 (A. R. 1887, p. 62, and 1888, p. 63); the act of March 3, 1899, provided for the Ambrose Channel (H. Doc. No. 159, 55th Cong., 3d sess.); the act of June 25, 1910, provided for the maintenance of the entrance channels under one head; the act of August 8, 1917, provided for extending the Ambrose Channel into the Upper Bay opposite the anchorage grounds (H. Dec. No. 518, 63d Cong., 2d sess.), for the removal of Craven Shoal (H. Doc. No. 557, 64th Cong., 1st sess.), and for the channel to the Quarantine Islands (H. Doc. No. 625, 64th Cong., 1st sess.); the act of July 3, 1930, provided for changing the position of the southerly section of Anchorage Channel to give a fairway 2,000 feet wide and 40 feet deep (R. & H. Com. Doc. No. 18, 71st Cong., 2d sess.). The latest published map of Ambrose Channel is in the Annual Report for 1914, page 1734, and the latest published maps of the other localities in their respective project documents. Recommended modifications of project.--None. Local cooperation.-None. Terminal facilities.-In the harbor (Lower Bay, the Narrows, and the Upper Bay) there are 35 piers, 4 ferry terminals, 4 car float (railroad) terminal bridges, and various bulkheads and wharves. The Lower Bay is largely undeveloped, having 11 piers and 12 bulk- heads along the shores. At the Narrows, along the Staten Island water front, and along the westerly shore of the Upper Bay from Greenville, N. J., to Ellis Island, terminals are located as follows: On Staten Island there are 23 piers in addition to the United States quarantine station for the port of New York; 12 are owned by the city of New York, modern in every: respect to accommodate steam- ships of all classes up to the largest transatlantic vessels afloat, and 11 are privately owned. The remaining features are: 1 shipyard and 2 ferry terminals, 1 privately owned and operated and 1 owned and operated by the city of New York. Along the westerly shore of the Upper Bay (Greenville, N. J., to Ellis Island) there are 4 large railroad freight terminals. One terminal is equipped with facilities for handling ocean-going vessels. The majority of terminals on the Staten Island shore have railroad connections and are reached by well-paved highways. The terminals in Buttermilk Channel, Bay Ridge and Red Hook Channels, and Gowanus Creek (see separate reports under respective titles) are reache4 thro~ugh New York Harbor. In 1917 the States of New York and New Jersey enacted legisla- tion creating a joint harbor-development commission. This commis- sion made a study of the port as a whole, and under date of Decem- ber 16, 1920, submitted its report to the governors of the respective RIVERS AND HARBORS-FIRST NEW YORK, N. Y., DISTRICT 191 States, together with comprehensive plans and recommendations. On April 7, 1921, the State of New Jersey appointed commissioners to " the port authority " and appropriated $100,000 for the expenses of " the port authority" (ch. 152, Laws of 1921, New Jersey). On April 15, 1921, the State of New York authorized the appointment of commissioners to "the port authority " and appropriated $100,000 for the expenses of "the port authority" (ch. 203, Laws of 1921, New York). By Public Resolution No. 17, Sixty-seventh Congress, approved August 23, 1921,. the consent of Congress is given to an agreement between the States of New York and New Jersey for the creation of the port of New York district and the establishment of a Port of New York Authority, pursuant to chapter 154, Laws of New York, 1921, and chapter 151, Laws of New Jersey, 1921, for the com- prehensive development of the port of New York and to better the coordination of the terminal, transportation, and other facilities of commerce in, about, and through the port of New York. A report with recommendation was submitted on December 21, 1921, by the port authority to the Governors of the States of New York and New Jersey, which includes a description and maps of the plan recommended. As planned, the port district includes within its 'boundaries 105 organized municipalities, a population of about 8,000,000, about 800 miles of shore line of sheltered water, and about 12 trunk-line railroads, which carry to and from the port 75,000,000 tons of freight annually. The proposed plan contemplates the con- struction of an outer, a middle, and an inner belt line and an auto- matic electric system. The middle belt line is designed to provide the shortest connecting link between all railroad lines, connection between the belt line on the west side of the harbor with that on the east side being made by a tunnel to be constructed beneath the bed of the Upper Bay, New York Harbor, between Greenville, N. J., and Bay Ridge, Brooklyn, N. Y. An essential part of the comprehensive plan consists of many belt lines to promote and serve industrial developments and water fronts. Several years will be required to design, construct, and install the complete system; to afford relief in the meantime it is proposed to establish motor-truck service between the railroads of the port district and the island of Manhattan. Maps and details are printed in documents marked (*) under Reference to publish articles not previously reported, appearing in Annual Report for 1922, page 294. By Public Resolution No. 66, Sixty- seventh Congress, approved July 1, 1922, the consent of Congress is given the Port of New York Authority to execute the comprehensive plan approved by the States of New York and New Jersey by chapter 43, Laws of New York, 1922, and chapter 9, Laws of New Jersey, 1922. Reports by the port authority covering its activities are sub- mitted annually to the Governors and Legislatures of the States of New York and New Jersey. (For latest full description of terminal facilities see Port Series No. 20, Corps of Engineers.) Operations and result dWring fl8Cal year.-Under a continuing contract dated November 18, 1931, for dredging in Anchorage Chan- nel from opposite Bay Ridge Avenue to Ninety-first Street, Brook- lyn, work was commenced November 21, 1931, and has been com- pleted except for a few shoals. There were removed 1,232,087 cubic 140960--ENG 1932- 13 192 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1932 yards, place measurement, of mud, sand, and clay, at a cost of $217,331.81, for new work. The cost of surveys, tidal observations, adjustments, and contin- gencies was $7,488.38--$4,489.80 for new work and $2,998.58 for maintenance. The total cost of all work was $224,820.20-$221,821.61 for new work and $2,998.59 for maintenance. The expenditures amounted to $398,232.36. Condition at end of fiscal year.-The project is about 84 per cent completed. Main Ship-Bayside-Gedney Channel was completed in 1891; the depth was increased from its original depth of 23.7 feet to the project depth of 30 feet at mean low water. The cost of new work amounted to $1,579,985.65, including $116,530 applied to remov- ing wrecks and a sunken rock, authorized by acts of July 25, 1868, and January 8, 1873. Subsequent to the completion of these channels in 1891, up to June 30, 1928, the net cost of maintaining the entrance channels was $1,893,028.56, including the channel between Staten Island and Hoffman and Swinburne Islands, Ambrose Channel, since June 30, 1915, channels at Forts Hancock, Hamilton, and Wadsworth, Coney Island Channel, the purchase of dredge Gedney in 1893 at a cost of $72,500, and dredge Chinook in February, 1926, at a cost of $227,143.75. The former dredge was transferred to the Newport, R. I., district June 28, 1909, and the latter was transferred to the Norfolk district February 10, 1928. Ambrose Channel was completed in 1914; it was increased in depth from its original depth of 16 feet to the project depth of 40 feet at mean low water. The estimated cost of this improvement was $6,688,000; it was completed at a gross cost of $5,190,507.08, including the cost of building dredges specially designed for the work. This gross cost was reduced $397,329.27 by receipts from the sale of scrap and one of the dredges, and receipts from the lease of dredges during the period covered by improvement operations, thus making the net cost for new work $4,793,177.81. The value of plant on hand on the date of completing the improvement was $940,004; the actual net cost of dredging the channel was, therefore, $3,853,173.81. Seagoing dredge Marshall was purchased by the Ambrose Channel appropria- tion in 1928 at a cost of $1,184,000. The value of the plant owned on June 30, 1932, was $1,838,299.38. The value of the plant will be reduced from year to year by depreciation, but may be increased occasionally by alteration; since these changes in value are considered in establishing rental charges to other works borrowing the plant, for improvement and maintenance, the above-mentioned net cost will not be affected by changes in the value of the plant. The cost of maintaining Ambrose Channel up to July 1, 1915, was $540,371.01, of which amount $382,388.65 was paid from appropria- tions for the maintenance of the entrance channels and $157,981.96 was paid from appropriations for Ambrose Channel. This $157,- 981.96 was reduced $26,628.89 by receipts from sales and rental of dredges during the period of maintenance operations, thus making the net cost of maintenance work charged against the Ambrose Chan- nel appropriations $131,353.07. Of the above total maintenance cost, $372,372.40 was due to shoaling which occurred during the period RIVERS AND HARBORS-FIRST NEW YORK, N. Y., DISTRICT 193 covered by improvement operations. Since June 30, 1915, the cost of maintaining Ambrose Channel has been paid from appropriations for maintenance of the entrance channels. Expenditures from the Ambrose Channel appropriations have been in payment of the cost of operating and maintaining dredges which are retained for main- tenance work (if necessary), but which meanwhile are leased to other works for improvements, the amounts thus expended being reim- bursed to the owning (Ambrose Channel) appropriation by the trans- fer of funds from the borrowing appropriation. Anchorage Channel has been completed to 40 feet depth at mean low water except along the easterly channel line about opposite Sev- enty-second Street, Brooklyn. Dredging made necessary in this locality by a relocation, moving the channel to the eastward, author- ized in the river and harbor act of July 3, 1930, is about 98 per cent completed. The channel between Staten Island and Hoffman and Swinburne Islands was completed in 1920 to project dimensions up to within 300 feet of the southern limits of the project. The dredged channel now meets all the demands of navigation, therefore further work of improvement is not contemplated for the present. As shown by a survey made in June, 1929, shoals at and near the junction of Bayside-Gedney Channels have reduced the width of the channel of project depth to about 700 feet. The controlling depths of the several channels at mean low water are as follows: Ambrose Channel (September, 1930), 40 feet; Main Ship (September, 1930), 30 feet; Bayside-Gedney Channel (June, 1929), 30 feet; Anchorage Channel (June-July, 1932), 40 feet; Craven Shoal (January, 1931), 29 feet; channel between Staten Is- land and Hoffman and Swinburne Islands (May, 1929), 16 feet to Hoffman Island; thence to Swinburne Island, 12 feet. The work remaining to be done to complete the project consists in lengthening the channel between Staten Island and Hoffman and Swinburne Islands by 300 feet, should this be deemed necessary, and the removal of a small shoal along the easterly relocated channel line, about opposite Seventy-second Street, Brooklyn. In the table following are shown the cost of prosecuting work in each of the channels included in the project, and the total cost of the project up to June 30, 1932. Appropriations for- New work Maintenance Total Ambrose Channel.............---------------------------------..................... $3, 853,173. 81 $35, 483. 64 $3,888, 657.45 Total for Ambrose Channel......---------------------- 3, 853, 173. 81 35, 483. 64 3, 888, 657. 45 Maintenance, including Ambrose Channel, Main Ship- Bayside-Gedney Channel, Anchorage Channel, and Craven Shoal....-------------------------------------- ---------- 2, 020, 834. 85 2, 020, 834. 85 Main Ship-Bayside-Gedney Channel------- ------------ 1, 579, 985. 65 ............-------------- 1, 579, 985. 65 Anchorage Channel.. --------------------------- 1, 760, 017. 85 .............-------------- 1, 760, 017. 85 Craven Shoal----...-----------------------------------138, 471.53 .............--------------- 138, 471. 53 .-.... Total for maintenance of Entrance Channel---- 3,478,475.03 2, 020,834.85 5,499, 309. 88 Channel between Staten Island and Hoffman and Swin- burne Islands..................------------------------------------ 129, 337. 05 2,162. 95 131, 500. 00 Total -----....................-------------------------- 7, 460, 985. 89 2, 058, 481. 44 9, 519, 467. 33 194 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1'932 The total expenditures up to June 30, 1932, amounted to $11,450,950.23. Proposed operation.--The balance unexpended, including ac- counts receivable, at the end of the year, amounting to $375,148.38, for Ambrose Channel, will be applied for the operation and main- tenance of the seagoing dredges carried by the improvement. The cost of operating and maintaining the dredges will be reimbursed by payments from the works upon which they are employed. The balance unexpended, including accounts receivable, at the end of the year, together with an allotment of $120,000, made during July, 1932, a total of $168,654.12, for maintenance of entrance channels, and improvement of Craven Shoal, Anchorage Channel, and channel between Staten Island and Hoffman and Swinburne Islands, will be applied as follows: Accounts payable June 30, 1932 ---------------------------- $44, 984.99 New work: Complete by Aug. 1, 1932, dredging to widen Anchorage Channel to project width, under a continuing contract in force. Amount to be expended to complete------------------------ 13, 669. 13 Maintenance: Operate 1 United States seagoing dredge in Anchor- age Channel and in entrance channels for a total of 5 dredge months (November, 1932, to March, 1933) ------------------ 110, 000.00 __168, Total for all work_________------------------------- 654.12 The sum of $165,000 can be profitably expended during the fiscal year ending June 30, 1934, in completing the restoration of Main Ship-Bayside-Gedney and Anchorage Channels, in which cumulative shoaling has not been completely removed during the past five years, by the operation of one United States seagoing dredge for seven months during the fiscal year. Commercial statistics.--The following is a statement of foreign and coastwise commerce passing through the entrance channels of the lower bay during the calendar years 1927 to 1931, inclusive. Cargoes in transit Foreign Coastwise Total Year Tons Value Tons Value Tons Value Passengers 1927--_ 27,536, 128 $4, 337, 490,882 26, 145, 054 $1, 584, 390, 272 53, 681, 182 $5, 921, 881, 154 1, 117, 246 1928_-__.- 29, 441, 958 4, 851, 763, 377 22, 445, 606 1, 475. 920, 162 51, 887, 564 6, 327, 683, 539 1, 400, 531 1929--. 29, 280, 209 4, 611, 632, 918 24, 530, 370 1, 612, 871, 828 53, 810, 579 6, 224, 504, 746 1, 280, 385 1930_ -.. 25, 795, 441 4, 062, 781, 958 25, 416, 797 1, 671, 154, 403 51, 212, 238 5, 733, 936, 361 1, 537, 381 1931--.-- 20, 949, 618 2, 639, 651, 868 24, 365, 630 1, 281, 632,138 45, 315, 248 3, 921, 281, 006 1,296,452 UPPER BAY The commerce for the calendar year 1931 consisted mainly of non- metallic minerals, general cargo, ores, metals and manufactures, vegetable food products, inedible vegetable products and machinery, and vehicles. RIVERS AND HARBORS-FIRST NEW YORK, N. Y., DISTRICT 195 Comparative statement 1 Vessel traffic Additional traffic Calendar Passengers Car-ferry Cargoes in transit Tons Value Tons Value Tons Value 1927...... 10,177, 073 $581, 554, 794 27, 359,807 8, 752, 673 $2, 625, 801, 900 87, 885, 281 $8, 964, 298, 662 1928_----- 9, 357, 548 756, 427, 163 27, 859, 240 8, 850, 526 2,655, 157,800 72,659, 989 6,404, 251, 431 1929...... 12, 935, 267 830, 263, 764 32, 996, 159 8, 936, 011 2, 680, 803, 300 86, 440, 211 7, 618, 840,198 1930...... 11, 920,003 852, 437, 766 33, 025, 059 7, 608, 892 2,282, 667,600 55, 322, 375 4,875, 560,909 1931...... 10, 340, 582 509, 868, 229 29, 474, 591 6, 812, 818 2, 043, 845, 400 59, 817, 936 4,007, 801, 712 1Does not include that portion fronting Bay Ridge and Red Hook Channels, which is shown separately under that heading in the report. The lower tonnage figure for 1931 is due chiefly to decreased ton- nages of iron ore, coal and fuel, and gas oil, while the lower average ton value for 1931 is due to decreased tonnages of autos and auto parts, mineral wax, raw sugar and general cargo, and to the revision of values. The commerce for 1931 was carried in vessels usually loaded to drafts of 3 to 35 feet. CHANNEL BETWEEN STATEN ISLAND AND HOFFMAN AND SWINBURNE ISLANDS, N. Y. The commerce for the calendar year 1931 consisted of bituminous coal, sand, and gravel. Comparative statement Calendar year Tons Value 1928-----_ ----------------------------------------------------------- 1, 250 $12, 838 1929 ----------------------------------------------------------------- 788 8, 093 1930 ------------------------------------------------ ----------------- 88 904 1931- .----------------- -1, 362 4,359 The lower average per ton value for 1931 is due to revision of values. The increased tonnage figure for 1931 is due to increased receipts of coal. The commerce for 1931 was carried in vessels loaded to drafts of 9 feet. The total net tonnage for the port of New York for the calendar year 1931 was 140,867,239 tons valued at $9,309,951,262 (exclusive of cargoes in transit, car ferry and general ferry traffic), 196 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1932 Cost and financial summary AMBROSE CHANNEL Cost of new work to June 30, 1932 ----------------- __ $3, 853, 173. 81 Cost of maintenance to June 30, 1932 --------- ----------- 135, 483.64 Total cost of permanent work to June 30, 1932_.......... $3, 888, 657. 45 Value of plant, materials, etc., on hand June 30, 1932 , 889, 267. 95 1----------- Net total cost to June 30, 1932----- ----------------- 5, 777, 925. 40 Plus accounts receivable June 30, 1932_-- ----- ------- 121, 628. 44 Gross total costs to June 30, 1932-- ---- ---- 5, 899, 553. 84 Minus accounts payable June 30, 1932-------------------------- 49, 008. 20 Net total expenditures ._____--__-___________-_ 15, 850, 545. 64 Unexpended balance June 30, 1932------__ ------------ 253, 519.94 Total amount appropriated to June 30, 1932 104, 065. 58 6,-----------16 Fiscal year ending June 30 1928 1929 1930 1931 1932 Cost of new work...------ - ---------------- -.---------- ----------- -------------- Cost of maintenance-----.......................------------................. $144. 16 -$98, 977. 59 ..........----------- Total expended-..----.----------$1, 100, 022. 86 $56, 947. 67 -169, 960. 77 -40, 765. 34 $210, 122. 76 Allotted. ____--.----. -------- 1_ , 103, 200. 70 150, 000. 00 ----------.-------------- -77, 630. 00 .. Balance unexpended July 1, 1931_-__ - __-__ .___-- $541, 272. 70 Deductions on account of revocation of allotment--------------- 77, 630. 00 Net amount to be accounted for__- ______--_______-463, 642. 70 Gross amount expended-------------------- $1, 291, 032.49 Less : Reimbursements collected .- - $1, 080, 561. 04 Receipts from sales----------- 348. 69 1, 080, 909. 73 210, 122. 76 Balance unexpended June 30, 1932 253, 519.94 Outstanding liabilities June 30, 1932_-_ ------------- __ _ 84, 269.25 Balance available June 30, 1932----------------------- 169, 250. 69 Accounts receivable June 30, 1932_ ------- -------------- 121, 628. 44 Unobligated balance available June 30, 1932___ ____- 290, 879. 13 MAINTENANCE OF ENTRANCE CHANNELS, ETC., NEW YORK HARBOR Cost of new work to June 30, 1932_--___- ---- ___---- $3, 478, 475. 03 Cost of maintenance to June 30, 1932 --- -------- 2, 020, 834. 85 Total cost of permanent work to June 30, 1932 _______ 5, 499, 309. 88 Value of plant, materials, etc., on hand June 30, 1932_------ 9, 899. 01 Net total cost to June 30, 1932_______---------------- 5, 509, 208. 89 Plus accounts receivable June 30, 1932_______11111111111 4, 680.69 Gross total costs to June 30, 1932____ ----------- 5, 513, 889. 58 Minus accounts payable June 30, 1932 ----------------- 44, 984. 99 Net total expenditures___---- --- ______------ 5, 468, 904. 59 Unexpended balance June 30, 1932_____ ____..---------- - 43, 973. 43 Total amount appropriated to June 30, 1932 , 512, 878.02 5--------- SIncreased by $2,964 account cost adjustrrnents. 2 Reduced by $36,443.34 account of revision of House Doc. 1491, 63d Cong., 3d sess. RIVERS AND HARBORS-FIRST NEW YORK, N. Y., DISTRICT 197 Fiscal year ending June 30 1928 1929 1930 1931 1932 Cost of new work ---.... ------... ----------. $130, 966. 09 _$104, 952. 16 $221, 821. 61 Cost of maintenance--........... --$1, 562. 68 43, 671. 58 $128, 494. 87 152, 349. 48 2, 998. 59 _ Total cost--.--.--.--_ . -- 1, 562. 68 174, 637. 67 128, 494. 87 257, 301. 64 224, 820. 20 Total expended---- -............. -135, 386. 72 209, 639.41 118,850.42 271,964. 85 188, 109.60 Allotted______......................... -114, 143.75 -62, 500. 00 233, 200. 00 415, 000. 00 -109, 000.00 Balance unexpended July 1, 1931___ ____________-------------$341, 083. 03 Deductions on account of revocation of allotment_---------- 109, 000. 00 Net amount to be accounted for ----------------- 232, 083.03 Gross amount expended--__-___----------- ___ $255, 743. 82 Less reimbursements collected--- 634. 22 -67,6---------__-- 188, 109. 60 Balance unexpended June 30, 1932 __________________ 43, 973.43 Outstanding liabilities June 30, 1932 ------------------------- 48, 553. 49 Balance available June 30, 1932____-------- ---4, 580. 06 Accounts receivable June 30, 1932_________________ 4, 680. 69 Unobligated balance available June 30, 1932_....- _ --- 100. 63 Amount allotted from War Department appropriation act approved July 14, 1932 -- --------------------------------------- 120, 000.00 Balance available for fiscal year 1933-___----------- - 120, 100. 63 Amounted (estimated) required to be appropriated for completion of existing project 1-- --------- -- -- 119, 500. 00 Amount that can be profitably expended in fiscal year ending June 30, 1934, for maintenance' --------- --------------------- 165, 000. 00 CHANNEL BETWEEN STATEN ISLAND AND HOFFMAN AND SWINBURNE ISLANDS Cost of new work to June 30, 1932 __ ___ _____-----______-$129, 337. 05 Cost of maintenance to June 30, 1932-------------------------2, 162. 95 Total cost of permanent work to June 30, 1932 --------- 131, 500. 00 Net total expenditures____------------------- 131, 500.00 Total amount appropriated to June 30, 1932- ---------- 131, 500. 00 Amount (estimated) required to be appropriated for completion of existing project---------- -- ------------------------ 130, 000. 00 CONSOLIDATED COST AND FINANCIAL SUMMARY FOR NEW YORK HARBOR, N. Y. Cost of new work to June 30, 1932-------------------___------ $7, 460, 985. 89 Cost of maintenance to June 30, 1932'------------------__---- 2, 058, 481. 44 Total cost of permanent work to June 30, 1932----------- 9, 519, 467. 33 Value of plant, materials, etc., on hand June 30, 1932--------- 1, 899, 166. 96 Net total cost to June 30, 1932-------------------------- 11, 418, 634. 29 Plus accounts receivable June 30, 1932_--------------- ----- 126, 309. 13 Gross total costs to June 30, 1932.-----.------ __-__-- 11, 544, 943.42 Minus accounts payable June 30, 1932----------_--- ---------- 93, 993. 19 Net total expenditures '----------------- ------ 11, 450, 950. 23 Unexpended balance June 30, 1932---- _ -_- -297, 493. 37 Total amount appropriated to June 30, 1932 -_----- 11, 748, 443. 60 1 Exclusive of available funds. 'Reduced by $33,479.34 account cost adjustments. 198 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1932 Fiscal year ending June 30 1928 1929 1930 1931 1932 Cost of new work................---------------- ----------........... $130,966.09 $104, 952. 16 ..........-- $221, 821.61 Cost of maintenance---.....----- - --- ---- $1, 562. 68 43, 671. 58 $128,639,03 53, 371. 89 2, 998. 59 -- 1, 562. 68 174, 637. 67 128, 639. 03 Total cost................------------------......... 158, 324. 05 224, 820. 20 964, 636. 14 266, 587. 08 -51, 110. 35 Total expended..........................-------------------.. 231, 199. 51 398,232.36 ---......-------.....----------------- Allotted........... 989, 056. 95 87, 500. 00 233, 200. 00 415, 000..00 -186, 630. 00 Balance unexpended July 1, 1931--------------------------- $882, 355. 73 Deductions on account of revocation of allotment---------------- 186, 630.00 Net amount to be accounted for---------- 695, 725. 73 Gross amount expended____------------------ $1, 546, 776. 31 Less Reimbursements collected ---- $1, 148, 195. 26 Receipts from sales _------ . 348. 69 1, 148, 543.95 398, 232.36 Balance unexpended June,30, 1932----------------------297, 493. 37 Outstanding liabilities June 30, 1932______________----------- 132, 822. 74 Balance available June 30, 1932 __--__--_ ----- ------- 164, 670. 63 Accounts receivable June 30, 1932__________________------ 126, 309. 13 Unobligated balance available June 30, 1932___- _____----- 290, 979. 76 Amount allotted from War Department appropriation act approved July 14, 1932 ------------------------------------------- 120, 000. 00 Balance available for fiscal year 1933 _______--___--410, 979. 76 Amount (estimated) required to be appropriated for completion of existing project 1 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -- - - 249, 500. 00 Amount that can be profitably - expended - - - - - year - - - - - - - - -in- -fiscal - - - - - - -June - - - - ending - - - - 165, 000.00 30, 1934, for maintenance 21. CONEY ISLAND CHANNEL, N. Y. Location an decriptio.-This channel is situated in New York Harbor, Lower Bay, about 9 miles south of the Battery, New York City. It extends eastward from a point about 1,500 feet south of Nortons Point at the western end of Coney Island; the easterly end of the channel lies about 3,000 feet south of the Coney Island Shore. It is the connecting channel between New York Harbor and Jamaica Bay entrance. The channel is shown on United States Coast and Geodetic Survey Chart No. 369, but it is not named. Original condition.-The channel' had a natural depth of about 10 feet and a width of 500 to 2,000 feet. Its length was about 3 miles, with the shoalest water on the western third. The eastern 2 miles had natural depths of 16 to 20 feet. Previous projects.-There have been no previous projects. On two occasions allotments were made from appropriations for main- tenance of entrance channels, New York Harbor, for removing shoals in this channel. For further details of work done see page 1768 of Annual Report for 1915. 1 Exclusive of available funds. RIVERS AND HARBORS-FIRST NEW YORK, N. Y., DISTRICT 199 Existing rroject.--This provides for a channel 600 feet wide and 20 feet deep at mean low water, and 7,000 feet long between 20-foot contours. Mean tidal range, 4.7 feet; mean range of spring tides, 5.6 feet; irregular fluctuations due to wind and barometric pressure vary from 4 feet below mean low water up to 4 feet above mean high water. The estimate of cost for new work, made in 1906, is $168,300. The latest (1928) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $12,000. The existing project was adopted by the river and harbor act of March 2, 1907 (H. Doc. No. 442, 59th Cong., 2d sess.). The latest published map is in the project document. Recommended modifications of project.--None. Local cooperation.-None. Terminal facilities.-There is a privately owned pier built out from the Coney Island shore for summer passenger travel; it does not extend to the channel. It is sufficient for this use. Commer- cially the channel is part of the water route between New York Har- bor and Jamaica Bay and points east along the southern shore of Long Island. Coney Island Channel' lies within the limits of the port district as recommended by the Port of New York Authority December 21, 1921. (See under Terminal facilities, New York Harbor, p. 190 of this report.) Operations and results during fsoal year.-None. The cost of contingencies was $402.14 for maintenance. The expenditures amounted to $257.85. Condition at end of fiscal year.-The project is about 66 per cent completed. The channel in its western end was dredged in 1913 to a depth of 20 feet at mean low water and width of 400 to 600 feet; no work has been done on the shoal in its eastern end. A bar which had subsequently formed in the western end, obstructing the channel off Beach Fortieth Street, Sea-Gate, was removed by dredging dur- ing the fiscal year ending June 30, 1931. From examinations made from time to time it is evident that repeated dredging will be neces- sary in the western end of the channel to maintain the depth needed by vessels en route between Jamaica Bay and New York Harbor by way of the Narrows. When examined in July, 1932, project depth existed for the entire length of the project through a channel varying in width from 250 to 600 feet. It is probable that a greater width of channel at the western entrance to the main channel, with a 16-foot depth, is available to the southward of and immediately adjacent to the present channel. The work remaining to be done consists in increasing the channel to its full project width, but it is not contemplated to undertake this work for the present. The total cost of the existing project to June 30, 1932, was $284,114.57- $111,371.21 for new work and $172,743.36 for maintenance. The total expenditures amounted to $283,930.66. Proposed operations.--The balance unexpended at the end of the year, amounting to $24,069.34, will be applied as follows: Accounts payable June 30, 1932------ ________-__ Maintenance: Operate 1 United States seagoing dredge (September, 1932) -------------------------------------- I ______ month $183. 91 23, 885. 43 Total---- ------------------------------- 24, 069. 34 200 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1932 It is believed that further dredging will be necessary to maintain the channel in satisfactory condition. Therefore, the sum of $24,000 can be profitably expended during the fiscal year ending June 30, 1934, in the operation of 1 United States seagoing dredge for one month during July, 1933. Commercialstatstistits.--The commerce passing through Coney Island Channel during the calendar year 1931 consisted mainly of building material, refined oils, coal and coke, riprap, fuel and gas oil, crude oil, petroleum products, ashes, asphalt paving blocks, cellar dirt, and asphalt. 1 Comparative statement Calendar Tons Value Passengers Calendar Tons Value Passengers year year 1927........ 1, 192, 153 $22, 224,675 569, 246 1930........ 1,093, 860 $10, 938,600 978, 410 1928-...... 1, 023, 384 10, 233, 840 1, 209, 114 1931........ 1, 435, 628 13, 119, 078 429, 942 1929 ...... . 1, 369, 010 13, 690, 100 1, 291, 604 1This traffic, except passengers, consists of through shipments only. The tonnage passing through Coney Island Channel to and from Jamaica Bay and Sheepshead Bay was carried in vessels usually loaded to drafts of 4 to 16 feet. Cost and financial summary Cost of new work to June 30, 1932 ----.--- $111, 371.21 Cost of maintenance to June 30, 1932_-- ---- - - -____172, 743.36 Total cost of permanent work to June 30, 1932 _______-- 284, 114. 57 Minus accounts payable June 30, 1932_..------__ .___--___ 183.91 Net total expenditures------------------- ------------- 283, 930.66 Unexpended balance June 30, 1932 ,,24, 069. 34 Total amount appropriated to June 30, 1932_ -----------.. 308, 000. 00 Fiscal year ending June 30 1928 1929 1930 1931 1932 C ost of new w ork--- -- --- -- --- .. -- . .. -. .. .. . --.. .. . .. .. .. .. . .. .. .. .. . .. .. .. . Cost of maintenance...----------- -------- $1,164.42 $6, 572. 23 $79, 634. 08 $38, 458. 39 $402.14 Total expended............................ 1, 164. 42 4, 617. 87 64, 879. 05 55, 128. 16 257. 85 Allotted ......----------------------------......................... 13, 000. 00 ------------ 98, 200. 00 22, 500. 00 ....---..... Balance unexpended July 1, 1931 ---------------------------- $24, 327.19 Gross amount expended___--- -______-___-______-_ 257.85 Balance unexpended June 30, 1932_______-------------- 24, 069. 34 Outstanding liabilities June 30, 1932_ ___________------------183.91 Balance available June 30, 1932_______________----------23, 885. 43 Amount (estimated) required to be appropriated for completion-- of _ - - existing project 56, 900.00 Amount that can be profitably expended in fiscal year ending June -- -- -- --- -- 30, 1934 for maintenance i- _- _- _- - - - -- ____ 24, 000. 00 1Exclusive of available funds. RIVERS AND HARBORS-FIRST NEW YORK, N. Y., DISTRICT 201 22. BAY RIDGE AND RED HOOK CHANNELS, N. Y. Location and description.-These channels lie along the east shore of the Upper Bay, New York Harbor, and, with Buttermilk Chan- nel, form an easterly channel along the Brooklyn water front from the Narrows to East River. The combined length of Bay Ridge and Red Hook Channels is 41/2 miles. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Chart No. 541.) Original condition.-Bay Ridge and Red Hook Channels were navigable by lighters, barges, and similar small harbor craft. The minimum low-water depth was 7 feet in a channel about 100 feet wide and hardly distinguishable from the adjacent flats. Previous projects.-The original project, adopted by the river and harbor act of March 3, 1881, under the title " Gowanus Bay" (H. Ex. Doc. No. 48, 46th Cong., 3d sess.), was modified by the river and harbor acts of August 11, 1888, September 19, 1890, and August 18, 1894. A second project was adopted by the river and harbor act of June 3, 1896, and was completed in 1899. The total cost of previ- ous projects, prior to commencing work under the existing project, was $1,246,100; of this amount $1,090,000 was applied to Bay Ridge and Red Hook Channels (as nearly as can be estimated) and $156,100 to other channels combined with them in these projects; the total expenditures amounted to $1,246,100. The cost of new work and of maintenance, as separate items of cost, can not be deter- mined from the records. For further details see page 1768 of Annual Report for 1915. Existing project.-This provides for a channel 1,200 feet wide and 40 feet deep at mean low water from the Narrows to Bay Ridge Avenue, Brooklyn, thence 1,750 feet wide to the junction of Bay Ridge and Red Hook Channels, thence 1,200 feet wide through Red Hook Channel to the junction with Buttermilk Channel, and from the junction of Bay Ridge Channel with Red Hook Channel narrowing uniformly in width to about 500 feet wide off Twenty-eighth Street, Brooklyn. Length of section included in the project, 4 miles. Mean tidal range, 4.7 feet; mean range of spring tides, 5.6 feet; irregular fluctuations due to wind and barometric pressure vary from 4 feet below mean low water up to 4 feet above mean high water. The estimate of cost for new work, revised in 1930, is $4,609,000, exclusive of amounts expended on previous projects. The latest (1930) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $150,000. This project was adopted in specific terms by river and harbor act of March 3, 1899, no prior estimates for channels of these dimensions having been published. A report upon a survey of these channels showing the depths in 1897 was printed on page 1177 of the Annual Report for 1897 and in House Document No. 337, Fifty-fourth Con- gress, second session, with map. The river and harbor act of 1907 authorized prosecution of the work so as to obtain, first, a depth of 35 feet, subsequently increasing the depth to 40 feet for the full width, in .accordance with the project of 1899; this permitted a change in the order of the work without a change in the project. The river and harbor act of July 3, 1930, provided for the widening of Bay Ridge Channel to 1,750 feet. (R. & H. Com. Doc. No. 44, 71st Cong., 2d sess.), this document containing the latest published map. 202 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1932 Recommended and modifications of project.-None. Local cooperation.-None. Terminal facilities.-There are 76 piers and bulkheads used by shipping interests along the water front of these channels, 9 of which are owned by the city of New York; 4 are owned by the United States and are used as an Army supply base; 2 are leased by the United States; 19 are owned and in use by 3 shipyards; 3 are owned and in use by a railroad company; 1 is owned by a rapid-transit railroad company; and all others are either privately or corporately owned. Two are used as ferry terminals, 1 is in use by a city department, and 19 have railroad connections. Twenty-five are situated within the limits of Erie Basin, 14 of which are used exclusively for shipbuilding and ship repairs. Many of the piers exceed 1,000 feet in available dockage, the limit of the largest being 3,500 feet; these piers are provided with large storage facilities, either on the pier itself or in storage warehouses on the uplands im- mediately in the rear, up to eight stories in height and 1,481,759 square feet of floor space. The terminal facilities occupy practically all of the available wharf room along the water front. They are mostly of modern equipment, but by reason of limited space are not adequate to all the requirements of the increased traffic. The termi- nals in Gowanus Creek are reached through the Bay Ridge and Red Hook Channels. (For latest full description of terminal facilities see Port Series No. 20, Corps of Engineers.) These channels lie within the limits of the port district as recommended by the Port of New York Authority December 21, 1921. (See under Terminal Facilities, New York Harbor, p. 190 of this report.) Operations and results during fiscal year.-The United States sea- going dredges Atlantic, Manhattan, Raritan, and Marshall were em- ployed in widening Bay Ridge Channel from July, 1931, to June, 1932; July, 1931, to January, 1932; December, 1931, to January, 1932; and in January, March, and April, 1932, respectively, removing a total of 2,211,026 cubic yards, bin measurement, of material, at a cost of $394,991.80, for new work. The United States dipper dredge Hell Gate was employed in wid- ening Bay Ridge Channel intermittently from July to October, 1931 and in December, 1931, removing a total of 150,987 cubic yards of material at a cost of $40,189.42, for new work. The United States pipe-line dredge De Witt Clinton was employed in widening Bay Ridge Channel during the month of June, 1932, removing 89,900 cubic yards, place measurement, of material, at a cost of $6,199.94, for new work. The cost of contingencies was $89.49; $18.86 for new work and $70.63 for maintenance. The total cost was $441,470.65; $441,400.02 for new work and $70.63 for maintenance. The expenditures amounted to $473,442.54. Condition at end of fiscal year.-Project is 80 per cent completed. Red Hook Channel has been dredged to project depth and width for a length of 3,000 feet northward from its junction with Bay Ridge Channel and thence 1,000 feet wide and from 38 to 40 feet deep at mean low water a farther distance of 3,500 feet. About 48 per cent of the work of widening Bay Ridge Channel to 1,750 feet from Bay Ridge Avenue to its junction with Red Hook Channel has been com- RIVERS AND HARBORS-FIRST NEW YORK, N. Y., DISTRICT 203 pleted. The controlling mean low-water depths as shown by an ex- amination made in April, 1932, are as follows: In Bay Ridge Chan- nel from deep water in the Upper Bay up to Forty-second Street, Brooklyn, through a channel varying in width from 200 to 1,000 feet, 40 feet; thence to Twenty-eighth Street, Brooklyn, through a channel 400 feet wide, 35 feet. In Red Hook Channel, from its junction with Bay Ridge Channel to its junction with Buttermilk Channel through a channel varying in width from 600 to 1,200 feet, it is 32 feet, as shown by an examination made in July, 1931. To complete the project, about 3,500 feet in length of the upper portion of Red Hook Channel is to be widened from the width of 1,000 feet secured in the first dredging to the project width of 1,200 feet, and Bay Ridge Channel is to be widened to 1,750 feet from opposite Bay Ridge Avenue to its junction with Red Hook Channel. The total cost of the existing project up to June 30, 1932, was $5,044,524.47; $3,650,590 for new work and $1,393,934.47 for maintenance. The total expenditures amounted to $5,017,385.01. Proposed operations.-Thebalance unexpended, including accounts receivable, at the end of the year, together with an allotment of $300,000, made during July, 1932, a total of $337,493.37, will be applied as follows: Accounts payable June 30, 1932 -----------------------------$27, 202. 89 New work : Operate 1 United States seagoing dredge in Bay Ridge Channel along the west side of the exist- ing channel from Bay Ridge Avenue, Brooklyn, to the junction of Bay Ridge Channel and Red Hook Channel, for 8 months (July, 1932-Feb- ary, 1933) ------------------------------------ $195, 290.48 Operate the U. S. pipe-line dredge De Witt Cl'iton during July, 1932, in the above-mentioned area, removing shoals over which the depth is in- sufficient for the safe operation of a seagoing dredge------------------ ----------------- 15, 000. 00 210, 290. 48 Maintenance: Operate 1 United States seagoing dredge in Bay Ridge Channel for 4 months (July-October, 1932) ------------------------------------------------ 100,000, 00 Total for all work ---------------------------------- 337, 493. 37 This dredging should complete about 63 per cent of the work neces- sary to widen Bay Ridge Channel and also maintain the previously dredged section at a depth sufficient for the needs of navigation interests. Full project dimensions are needed along this water front. There- fore, the sum of $432,500 can be profitably expended during the fiscal year ending June 30, 1934, as follows: New work: Operate 1 United States seagoing dredge in widening Bay Ridge Channel along the west side of the existing channel from Bay Ridge Avenue, Brooklyn, to the junction of Bay Ridge Channel and Red Hook Channel, throughout the fiscal year _-------------- $282, 500 Maintenance: Operate 1 United States seagoing dredge in Red Hook Channel for 6 months (December, 1933-June, 1934)------------150, 000 Total for all work- .--- -------------------------------- 432, 500 This work should result in a channel of project depth 1,700 feet wide throughout the area of proposed widening. 204 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1932 Commercial statistics.-The commerce for the calendar year 1931 consisted mainly of vegetable food products, general cargo, non- metallic minerals, wood and paper, inedible vegetable products, and ores, metals, and manufactures. Comparative statement Vessel traffic Additional traffic Calendar Passengers Car-ferry year Cargoes in transit Tons Value Tons Value Tons Value 1927..... 11,292, 264 $2, 561,945, 102 1,654, 925 6, 195, 474 $1, 858,642, 200 6, 282, 867 $433, 517, 823 1928-.....10, 653,328 2, 088, 795, 685 1,715. 936 7,634,683 2, 290, 404, 900 4, 412, 724 242, 699, 820 1929...... 9, 504, 949 2.227, 866, 075 4, 837, 427 7, 978, 709 2, 393, 612, 700 4, 205, 462 231, 300, 410 1930...... 7,902,860 1, 536, 529, 846 5,052, 236 6, 253, 955 1, 876, 186, 500 4,753, 099 261, 420, 445 1931...... 6, 172, 271 1, 010, 481, 890 3,273,086 5. 618, 420 1, 685, 526, 000 6, 187, 297 247, 491,880 The smaller tonnage and value figures for 1931 are due to de- creased tonnages of flour and meal, raw sugar, rubber, copper, tin, silver, fuel and lubricating oil, gasoline, kerosene, and general cargo, and to the revision of values. The commerce for 1931 was carried in vessels usually loaded to drafts of 4 to 34 feet. Cost and financial summary Cost of new work to June 30, 1932------------------------- $4, 896, 690. 00 Cost of maintenance to June 30, 1932 ----------------------- 1, 393, 934. 47 • Total cost of permanent work to June 30, 1932------ 6,290, 624. 47 Plus accounts receivable June 30, 1932 ------------------------ 63.43 Gross total costs to June 30, 1932---------------------- 6, 290, 687. 90 Minus accounts payable June 30, 1932_------------------ -27, 202.89 Net total expenditures- ------------------------------ 6, 263, 485. 01 Unexpended balance June 30, 1932-__----------------------- 37, 429. 94 Total amount appropriated to June 30, 1932------------ 6, 300, 914. 95 Fiscal year ending June 30 1928 1929 1930 1931 1932 Cost of new work-------------------................. ----------------------------- $110, 810. 51 $441,400. 02 Cost of maintenance__ _-----------------__$211, 369. 18 $289, 738. 60 $278, 025. 66 245, 146. 70 70. 63 _ 211, 369. 18 Total cost---......._ _ _ _ _ __ _ _ _---------------- 289, 738. 60 278, 025. 66 355, 957. 21 441, 470.65 Total expended------ ----------------. 208, 823. 18 282, 481. 31 286, 057. 72 318, 788. 46 473,442.54 Allotted............------- --------------------... 175, 000. 00 250, 000. 00 397, 500. 00 384, 000. 00 171, 200. 00 Balance unexpended July 1, 1931 ------------------------ $339, 072. 48 Amount allotted from emergency construction act approved Dec. 20, 1930------------------------- $108,200.00 Amount allotted from War Department appropriation act approved Feb. 23, 1931----------------------- 153, 000. 00 261, 200.00 Amount to be accounted for-- - - --------- 600,872. 48 Deductions on account of revocation of allotment- -- -- ---- 90, 000. 00 Net amount to be accounted for_------------------- 510, 872. 48 RIVERS AND HARBORS-FIRST NEW YORK, N. Y., DISTRICT 205 Gross amount expended- -------------------- $482,482.00 Less reimbursements collected-------------------- 9, 039. 46 $473, 442. 54 Balance unexpended June 30, 1932-- ------------------ 37, 429. 94 Outstanding liabilities June 30, 1932-------------------------- 27, 202. 89 Balance available June 30, 1932-----------------------10, 227. 05 Accounts receivable June 30, 1932-.-- --- ------------- - 63. 43 Unobligated balance available June 30, 1932------------ 10, 290.48 Amount allotted from War Department appropriation act approved July 14, 1932------ ----------------------------------- 300, 000. 00 Balance available for fiscal year 1933 ---------------- 310, 290. 48 Amount (estimated) required to be appropriated for completion of existing project 1----------------------------- ---------- 748, 100. 00 Amount that can be profitably expended in fiscal year ending June 30, 1934 : For new work ------------------------------------- 282, 500. 00 For maintenance ---------------- 150, 000.00 Total ------------------------------------------ 432, 500. 00 23. BUTTERMILK CHANNEL, N. Y. Location and description.--This channel connects deep water in the Upper Bay, New York Harbor, southwest of Governors Island, with deep water in East River northeast of Governors Island, and with Bay Ridge and Red Hook Channels forms an easterly channel along the Brooklyn water front from the Narrows to East River. It lies between Governors Island and Brooklyn Borough, New York City. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Charts Nos. 541 and 745.) Original condition.-The channel was obstructed by three shoals: (1) A shoal or sand bar having a least depth of 9.5 feet at mean low water lying northeast of Governors Island about midway between the island and the Atlantic Avenue Ferry in Brooklyn (a narrow channel 30 feet deep existed on both sides of this shoal); (2) a shoal with an average depth of 10 to 12 feet at mean low water lying in the eastern side of the channel and extending from Red Hook Point to the entrance to Atlantic Basin; (3) a shoal partly dry at mean low water, extending out from the southern side of Governors Island toward Red Hook Point Shoal (a large part of this shoal has since been covered by the enlargement southwestward of Governors Island); a narrow and crooked channel 30 feet deep at mean low water existed between the two latter shoals. Previous projects.-The original project was adopted by the river and harbor act of June 14, 1880. It provided for the removal of such part of the shoal lying northeast of Governors Island to a depth of 26 feet at mean low water as would secure a channel width of 850 feet adjacent to the Brooklyn shore; estimated cost, $210,000. (A. R. 1880, p. 506; 1881, p. 629; and 1885, p. 92.) The project was enlarged in 1885 by increasing the width to 1,150 feet, and the cost to $360,000 (A. R. 1885, p. 671), and by the river and harbor act of July 13, 1892, the project was enlarged by including Red Hook Shoal for removal SExclusive of available funds. 206 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 19 32 to a depth of 26 feet at mean low water, and increasing the total estimated cost of the project to $829,000 (A. R. 1893, p. 1051, and H. Doc. No. 26, 51st Cong., 2d sess.). By the terms of the river and harbor act of June 3, 1896, Bay Ridge and Red Hook Channels, the triangular area between them, Buttermilk Channel, and a small im- provement of Gowanus Canal were consolidated into one improve- ment. (A. R. 1898, p. 755.) The total cost and expenditure under previous projects prior to commencing work under the existing proj- ect in 1903 were $496,250, the division between new work and main- tenance not being of record. Existing project.-This provides for a channel 1,200 feet wide and not less than 40 feet deep at mean low water, connecting deep water in the Upper Bay southwest of Governors Island with deep water in the East River northeast of Governors Island. Length of section included in the project, 21/4 miles. Mean tidal range, 4.5 feet; mean range of spring tides, 5.5 feet; irregular fluctuations due to wind and barometric pressure vary from 4 feet below mean low water up to 4 feet above mean high water. The estimated cost of new work for a channel 40 feet deep and 1,200 feet wide revised in 1927 is $4,400,000, exclusive of amounts expended on previous projects. The latest (1927) approved esti- mate for annual cost of maintenance is $20,000. This project was adopted by the river and harbor act of June 13, 1902 (H. Doc. No. 122, 56th Cong., 2d sess.). For latest published map, see House Document No. 44, Sixty-third Congress, first session. Recommended modifications of project.--None. Local cooperation.--None. Terminal facilities.---There are 37 terminals with a length of 36,253 feet of available dockage, comprising 24 open-pile piers, 4 crib and concrete bulkheads, 3 open-pile wharves, 4 railroad float bridges, 2 timber ferry racks. Five are owned by the city of New York; the remaining 32 are owned by commercial interests engaged largely in foreign trade. Three are open to the public. Twenty- seven are provided with one to five story storage sheds located either on the terminal itself or immediately in the rear. Six are not sheltered and one is provided with coal pockets; the floor area of the shelter totals 1,438,769 square feet. With the exception of two steam derricks and a coal trestle the cargoes at the terminals are handled by the use of the derricks of the cargo vessel or by the use of floating derricks. The facilities and methods for handling cargo include modern appliances and methods. (For latest full description of terminal facilities see Port Series No. 20, Corps of Engineers.) But- termilk Channel lies within the limits of the port district as recom- mended by the Port of New York Authority December 21, 1921. (See under Terminat facilities, New York Harbor, p. 190 of this report.) Operations and results during fiscal year.-The cost of a survey preparatory to a contract and an examination to determine the con- dition of the channel amounted to $5,046.42--$4,987.69 for new work and $58.73 for maintenance. The expenditures amounted to $1,955.15. Condition at end of fiscal year.-The project is about 2 per cent completed. When examined in June, 1931, the controlling depth RIVERS AND HARBORS-FIRST NEW YORK, N. Y., DISTRICT 207 through a channel about 600 feet wide was 30 feet at mean low water; shoals in the northerly and southerly areas included within the limits of the project reduce the depth in the westerly side of the channel to 20 feet at mean low water, and immediately opposite Atlantic Basin and adjacent to Governors Island the depth rapidly decreased to 10 feet and less at mean low water. The work remain- ing to be done to complete the project consists in increasing the depth of the channel of 1,200 feet project width to 40 feet at mean low water by dredging and rock removal. The total cost of the existing project up to June 30, 1932, was $255,876.26-$94,987.69 for new work and $160,888.57 for maintenance. The total expenditures amounted to $252,722.51. Proposed operations.-The balance unexpended at the end of the year, amounting to $8,144.93, will be applied as follows: Accounts payable June 30, 1932-----_..--------------- ------------ $3, 153. 75 New work: Complete by Aug. 15, 1932, a survey preparatory to fu- ture dredging and rock removal operations-------------------4, 991.18 Total -------------- ------------------------------ 8,144. 93 The sum of $800,000 can be profitably expended during the fiscal year ending June 30, 1934, as follows: New work : Dredge, under a continuing contract to be entered into, a channel approximately 450 feet wide from the southwesterly end to the bend at the northeasterly end of Governors Island (July, 1933- June, 1934) ------------ --------------------------- $680, 000 Operate 1 United States seagoing dredge for 5 months in deepen- ing the channel for a width of 450 feet, from deep water at the southerly entrance to the bend opposite the southwesterly end of Governors Island (February-May, 1934)----------------- 120, 000 Total --------------------------------------------- 800, 00( It is believed that maintenance dredging will not be necessary dur- ing the next two years. Commercial statistics.-The commerce of Buttermilk Channel con- sisted mainly of imports and exports. The principal commodities handled during 1931 were general cargo, vegetable food products, ores, metals, and manufactures, nonmetallic minerals, inedible vegetable products, textiles, and chemicals. Comparative statement Vessel traffic Additional traffic Calendar Passengers Car-ferry Cargoes in transit year Tons Value Tons Value Tons Value 1927.......... 4, 245, 220 $890. 254,012 3, 015, 090 560,424 $168,127, 200 514, 599 $23,774,474 1928-......... 4, 808, 447 1, 044, 640, 599 2, 544, 358 541, 648 162, 494, 400 1, 645,123 76, 004, 683 1929-......... 5, 638, 000 1, 317, 344, 982 2, 375, 895 511, 917 153, 575, 100 1, 165, 955 53, 867,121 1930----........ 4, 211, 488 935, 511 698 2, 049, 637 524, 967 157, 490,100 1, 205, 237 55, 681, 949 1931-.......- . 3, 164, 899 706,700,450 1, 581, 116 563, 910 169, 173, 000 889, 798 35,591, 920 140960--ENG 1932- 14 208 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1932 The lower tonnage and value figures for 1931 are due to the decreased tonnages of ores, metals, and manufactures, autos and parts, and general cargo, and to the revision of values. The commerce for 1931 was carried in vessels usually loaded to drafts of 5 to 35 feet. Cost and financial summary Cost of new work to June 30, 1932---------- ---------------- $591, 237.69 Cost of maintenance to June 30, 1932 ------------------------ 160, 888. 57 Total cost of permanent work to June 30, 1932------------752, 126. 26 Minus accounts payable June 30, 1932-------------------------- 3, 153. 75 Net total expenditures------------------------------- 748, 972. 51 Unexpended balance June 30, 1932 8, 144. 93 Total amount appropriated to June 30, 1932-------------757, 117. 44 Fiscal year ending June 30 1928 1929 1930 1931 1932 Cost of new work-----.... --------------------------------- --------------------- $4, 987.69 Cost of maintenance-....-------...........------........ $179. 69 $133. 70 $5, 066. 22 $62. 48 58. 73 Total cost.....-----........------------------- 179. 69 133. 70 5, 066. 22 62. 48 5, 046. 42 Total expended..----------------------- 179, 69 131. 58 5,068. 34 ...........------------ 1, 955. 15 Allotted----.................................--------------------... .........----- --- 58, 896. 81------- 32 700. 00 45, 000.00 -34, 900. 00 Balance unexpended July 1, 1931--------------------------- $45, 000. 08 Amount allotted from War Department appropriation act approved Feb. 23, 1931-------------------------------------------- 9, 100. 00 Amount to be accounted for-------------------- ------- 54, 100. 08 Deductions on account of revocation of allotment--------------- 44, 000. 00 Net amount to be accounted for-------------------------10, 100. 08 Gross amount expended------------------ 1, 955.15 Balance unexpended June 30, 1932----------------- 8, 144. 93 Outstanding liabilities June 30, 1932--------------------------- 3, 153. 75 Balance available June 30, 1932--------------------------4, 991.18 Amount (estimated) required to be appropriated for completion of 1- - - --- -- --- --- --- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -- - existing project 4, 300, 000. 00 Amount that can be profitably expended in fiscal year ending June 30, 1934, for new work - - - - - - -- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 800, 000. 00 24. GOWANUS CREEK CHANNEL, N. Y. The project was completed in 1904. The sum of $105.34 was expended during the year for maintenance contingencies. The bal- ance unexpended, $269.50, will be applied to the same purpose dur- ing the fiscal year 1933. No work is proposed during 1934. For further details, see Annual Report for 1931, page 231. Commercial statistics.-The commerce for the calendar year 1931 consisted mainly of building material, coal and coke, general cargo, wheat, sulphur, fuel and gas oil, sugar, lumber, petroleum products, and cellar dirt. 1Exclusive of available funds. RIVERS AND HARBORS-FIRST NEW YORK, N. Y., DISTRICT 209 Comparative statement Vessel traffic Additional traffic, car ferry Passen- Calendar year gers Tons Value Tons Value 1927 ------------ --------------------- 4,786,208 $391, 549,058 ---------- 2,067 $620,100 1928---------- ------------------------ 4,432,415 254, 622,538 1,877 100,188 30, 056,400 1929- -------.------------------------- 4, 960, 222 338, 846, 078 3, 194 119, 689 35, 906, 700 1930-.-- ----------------------------- 4, 964, 626 212, 764, 591 674 122, 575 36, 772, 500 1931.. --- .-- .------------------------- 1 4, 148, 051 254, 595, 506 4, 540 103, 213 30, 963, 900 1 Exclusive of 56,241 tons of cellar dirt shipped from this waterway and disposed of at sea. The commerce for 1931 was carried in vessels usually loaded to drafts of 3 to 30 feet. Cost and financial summary Cost of new work to June 30, 1932_------------------------------ $145, 000. 00 Cost of maintenance to June 30, 1932-------------------- 40, 947. 58 Total cost of permanent work to June 30, 1932 ------------ 185, 947. 58 Net total expenditures---- ------------------------------- 185, 947. 58 Unexpended balance June 30, 1932----------------------------- 269. 50 Total amount appropriated to Jlne 30, 1932--------------186, 217. 08 Fiscal year ending June 30 1928 1929 1930 1931 1932 Cost of new work..-. Cost of maintenance...--....--------------------$22. 68 $64. 25 $76.59 -$0. 05 $105. 34 Total expended......................-------------------------- 84. 37 60. 00 53. 59 27. 20 105. 34 Allotted..--.......--------........... ---- ------- 500. 00 ---------- ---------- I------------ ------- Balance unexpended July 1, 1931------------------------------ $374. 84 Gross amount expended--------------------------------------- 105.34 Balance unexpended June 30, 1932 ----------------------------- 269. 50 25. EAST RIVER, N. Y. .Location and description.-This is a tidal strait about 16 miles long and 600 to 4,000 feet wide, connecting Hudson River and the Upper Bay at the Battery, New York City, with Long Island Sound at Throgs Neck, New York City, and separating Long Island from the mainland. The stretch between the north end of Welfare (Black- wells) Island and Negro Point Bluff is known as Hell Gate. The Harlem River joins the East River at Wards Island, in Hell Gate; and is also connected by Little Hell Gate between Wards and Ran- dalls Island. Five bridges, having a vertical clearance at mean high water of about 131.5 feet, cross the river between the Battery and Lawrence Point. From the Battery to Port Morris, a distance of 103/4 miles, both shores are occupied by wharves, practically con- tinously, except where shoals or currents prevent access. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Charts Nos. 223, 226, and 745.) 210 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1932 Original condition.-A channel through the East River for sea- going vessels existed but was rendered dangerous by rocks and reefs scattered throughout the section extending from the Battery to Bar- retto Point, the existence of many of which was not known until struck by vessels. In Hell Gate, navigators had the choice of three channels, all of which were very narrow and wound through numer- ous scattering rocks and reefs, and the tidal currents were exceedingly strong; these conditions rendered navigation through the Gate ex- tremely hazardous. The widths of these channels ranged from ap- proximately 100 to 200 feet, and their mean low-water depths from about 19 feet up to 26 feet and over. Elsewhere in the river the channel of 26 feet controlling depth ranged in width up to probably 500 feet or more. The original depths over the rocks and reefs are given under Condition at end of flscal yer. Previous projects.-On August 20, 1852, Congress appropriated $20,000 for the removal of " rocks at Hell Gate and Diamond Reef.'' A new project was adopted by the river and harbor act of July 25,. 1868, which was subsequently modified in 1874 (A. R. 1874, p. 165) and at various times thereafter, and was enlarged by the river and harbor acts of March 3, 1899, and June 25, 1910. As modified and enlarged the project provided for the removal of obstructions to the former projected depths given in the table in the paragraph Condi- tion at end of fiscal year. The total estimated cost of all work under previous projects prior to the commencement of work under the existing project in 1917 was $8,791,044.59, and the total cost and expenditures amounted to $6,225,357.45; $6,187,693.50 for new work and $37,663.95 for maintenance. The work accomplished under these projects is stated in paragraph Condition at end of fiscal year. Existing project.-This provides for channels of the following dimensions (depths refer to mean low water): From deep water in the Upper New York Bay to the Brooklyn Navy Yard, 40 feet deep and 1,000 feet wide; from the Brooklyn Navy Yard to Throgs Neck, 35 feet deep, with widths varying from about 550 feet to 1,000 feet, according to locality; east of Welfare (Blackwells) Island up to English Place, Long Island City, 30 feet deep and varying in width from 500 feet to 900 feet, with widening in the approach from the main channel; between South Brother and Berrian Islands, 20 feet deep and 300 feet wide, with widening in the approach from the main channel; for the removal of Coenties Reef to a depth of 40 feet, local interests paying the cost of the work below a depth of 35 feet; also the removal of the following rocks and reefs lying outside of the limiting lines of the main channel to give access to wharves: Along the Brooklyn shore, Brooklyn Bridge to Manhattan Bridge (Fulton Ferry Reef), to a depth of 25 feet; Jay Street Reef, 25 feet; Corlears Reef, 35 feet; Shell Reef, 25 feet; Horns Hook, 40 feet; Rhinelander Reef, 26 feet; and reef off Oak Point, 30 feet; fbr the construction of a dike in Pot Cove in Hell Gate. The length of the section in- cluded in the improvement is about 16 miles. The mean range of tides varies according to locality, from 4 feet at the Brooklyn Navy Yard and 4.4 feet at the Battery to 5 feet at Hallets Point, 6.3 feet at Port Morris, and 7.1 feet at the eastern entrance at Throgs Neck; mean range of spring tides, 5.3, 6.1, 7.4, and 8.4 feet, respectivey; RIVERS AND HARBORS-FIRST NEW YORK, N. Y., DISTRICT 211 irregular fluctuations due to wind and barometric pressure vary according to locality from 4 feet below mean low water at the Bat- tery, 3.5 feet at the navy yard, and 4 feet below at Throgs Neck up to about 4 feet above mean high water at the Battery and 4.5 feet above mean high water at Throgs Neck; extreme fluctuations do not affect navigation interests adversely to a serious extent. The estimate of cost for new work, revised in 1931, exclusive of amounts expended on previous projects, is $28,000,000. The lat- est (1921) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $25,000. The existing project was authorized by the following river and harbor acts: Public Resolution No. 67, Sixty-third Congress, third session, March 3, 1915, provided for the removal of Coenties Reef to a depth of 35 feet (H. Doc. No. 188, 63d Cong., 1st sess.), condi- tioned upon local cooperation increasing the depth to 40 feet; the act of July 27, 1916, provided for a channel 1,000 feet wide and 35 feet deep across Diamond Reef (H. Doc. No. 188, 63d Cong., 1st sess.), and the acts of August 8, 1917, and July 18, 1918, provided for a depth of 40 feet across Diamond Reef and through East River and Hell Gate (H. Doc. No. 140, 65th Cong., 1st sess.), and for the remaining items under the existing project (H. Doc. No. 188, 63d Cong., 1st sess.); the river and harbor act of September 22, 1922, modified the existing project by limiting the depth to be made in the through channel between Brooklyn Navy Yard and Throgs Neck to 35 feet, and provided for the removal of certain rocks and reefs and the construction of a dike in Pot Cove (H. Com. Doc. No. 3, 67th Cong., 2d sess.). The latest published map is printed in the last-mentioned document. Recommended modifications of project.-None. Local cooperation.-Priorto 1852 citizens of New York City con- tributed $13,861.59, which sum was expended in increasing depths over various rocks in Hell Gate. Public Resolution No. 67 (63d Cong., 3d sess.), approved March 3, 1915, authorized the removal of Coenties Reef to a depth of 35 feet at mean low water on condition that the city of New York or other local interests provide for its further removal to a depth of 40 feet at mean low water. On Feb- ruary 4, 1916, the city of New York met this condition by adopting a resolution appropriating $240,000 for the removal of the reef as required. (See under Condition at end of fiscal year.) Prior to 1913 local interests expended unknown amounts in the partial removal of Coenties Reef and in the construction of a dike connecting Bread and Cheese Reef with Welfare (Blackwells) Island. Terminal facilities.-Both shores of the East River from the Bat- tery, Manhattan Borough, to Hunts Point, east of Hell Gate, a length of about 12 miles, are occupied by 397 terminals except in limited sections where access is prevented by eddies and swift cur- rents or by shoal water. The terminals consist of piers, bulkheads, warehouses equipped with modern appliances for handling freight, modern coal piers, bridges for the transfer of cars to and from floats, marine railways, dry docks, and ferry racks. Forty-three per cent of the terminals are owned by the city of New York, 6 per cent are owned by railroads, 3 per cent by the United States, and 1 per cent 212 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1932 by the State of New York. The remaining 47 per cent are either privately or corporately owned. The total available dockage meas- ured around piers and along bulkheads in use for commercial pur- poses is about 175,514 linear feet. The United States Navy Depart- ment occupies about 2,700 feet of direct water front in Brooklyn Borough as a navy yard for the construction and repair of all classes of naval vessels, including large battleships of the dreadnaught class. Some of the terminals owned by the city are open to the public, some are leased for commercial purposes, and some are used by city departments. Privately owned and leased terminals are used exclu- sively for commercial purposes; none is open to the public. Most of the terminals are efficient in respect to the method of handling freight. The methods in use vary from the most modern freight-handling appliances to hand trucks. The appliance installed is generally that believed to be the best adapted for use in transfer- ring the particular class of freight to be handled. A few terminals in Long Island City and a few at Port Morris have direct railroad connection. All terminals are reached by well-paved highways in good condition. In an endeavor to keep pace with the growing commerce of New York Harbor, the city authorities are constantly adding to and im- proving the terminals in the East River and elsewhere in the harbor. Private capital is also being largely applied to the construction and enlargement of terminals and the State of New York has completed the construction of four large barge-canal terminals. In 1917 the States of New York and New Jersey enacted legisla- tion creating a joint harbor-development commission. This com- mission made a study of the port as a whole, and under date of De- cember 16, 1920, submitted its report to the governors of the respec- tive States, together with comprehensive plans and recommenda- tions. The East River throughout its length lies within the limits of the port district as recommended by the Port of New York Au- thority, December 21, 1921. (See under Terminal facilities, New York Harbor, p. 190 of this report. For latest full description of terminal facilities, see Port Series No. 20, Corps of Engineers.) Operations and results during fiscal year.-The following work was accomplished under contract: Hell Gate Channel.-Under a continuing contract dated October 31, 1928, for dredging and rock removal to a depth of 35 feet, work was completed on September 2, 1931. There were removed 2,058 cubic yards of rock and other material, all place measurement, at a cost of $27,500.25 for new work. West Channel Welfare (Blackwells) Island.--Under a continuing contract dated October 15, 1930, for dredging and rock removal to a depth of 35 feet, work was completed on April 29, 1932. There were removed 86,082 cubic yards of rock and 39,038 cubic yards of other material, all place measurement, at a total cost of $473,969.80 for new work. Middle Ground.-Under a continuing contract dated January 2, 1932, for dredging and rock removal to a depth of 35 feet, work was commenced March 21, 1932. There were drilled and blasted at the end of the fiscal year 1932, 30,787 cubic yards of ledge rock, place measurement, at a cost of $70,574.67 for new work. RIVERS AND HARBORS-FIRST NEW YORK, N. Y., DISTRICT 213 Hell Gate, including Hallets Point, Ways and Woolsey Reefs.-A continuing contract dated May 10, 1932, was entered into for the removal to a depth of 35 feet of about 49,980 cubic yards of rock and 27,850 cubic yards of other material, place measurement. No work was done up to the end of the fiscal year. The cost of surveys and contingencies preparatory to contract work was $20,182.40, for new work. The following work was accomplished by use of Government plant and hired labor: Dredge Hell Gate was employed in East Channel Welfare (Black- wells) Island, Third Street Reef, and opposite entrance to Wall- about Channel at various times during the fiscal year, removing 62,967 cubic yards of mixed material, scow measurement, at a total cost of $84,764.95 for new work. Derrick boat E. R. 101 was employed intermittently during the fiscal year in surveying and removing scattering shoals and wreck- age endangering navigation at the following localities: Diamond Reef, Corlears Reef, Third Street Reef, and East Channel Welfare (Blackwells) Island, removing a total of 1,590 cubic yards of mate- rial at a total cost of $45,750.91 for new work. The seagoing dredge Marshall was employed intermittently in East Channel Welfare (Blackwells) Island from February to May, 1932, removing a total of 50,435 cubic yards, bin measurement, of material, at a total cost of $15,683.94 for new work. The cost of special surveys, miscellaneous investigations, adjust- ments, and contingencies was $31,098.89 for new work. The seagoing dredge Marshall was employed in Diamond Reef Channel from June 20 to 30, 1932, removing 30,734 cubic yards, bin measurement, of material, at a cost of $6,131.80 for maintenance. Investigations of current phenomena so far as they may have a bearing on projected or contemplated improvements were continued to the extent necessary to keep the records pertaining thereto up to date, at a cost of $858.14 for maintenance. The total cost of all work was $776,515.75-$769,525.81 for new work and $6,989.94 for maintenance. The total expenditures amounted to $843,338.82. Condition at end of fiscal year.-Under the previous project adopted by the river and harbor act of July 25, 1868, as modified and enlarged, about 631/2 per cent of the work contemplated therein had been completed up to the date of the adoption of the existing project, August 8, 1917. The construction of the dike at Mill Rock was com- pleted by the United States in 1882, and the dike at Bread and Cheese Reef was completed by the city of New York in 1881. The existing project is about 72 per cent completed. About 75 per cent of the work required to complete the removal of Coenties Ref to the project depth of 40 feet at mean low water (see under Local cooperation) had been accomplished when the contract for doing the work was canceled on December 11, 1922; the United States has practically completed its share of the work, but no work has been done on the reef by the city of New York since the annulment. The controlling depth from deep water in the Upper Bay to deep water in the East River off Old Slip, Manhattan, is 35 feet at mean 214 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1932 low water through a channel about 500 feet wide; the rock section off Governors Island in the southern half (500 feet in width) of the Diamond Reef Channel has been deepened to 40 feet; a reef situated in about midstream off Old Slip and directly over the tunnel con- necting Old Slip, Manhattan, with Clark Street, Brooklyn, has been removed to depth of 40 feet; Fulton Ferry Reef lying within the main channel has been removed to 40 feet; a rock shoal in about mid- stream off Pier 8, Manhattan, and another off Pier 15, Brooklyn, have been removed to a depth of 40 feet; with the exception of about 300 feet in length off Jay Street, that part of the shoal known as Jay Street Reef, lying within the main channel of 40 feet depth, is believed to have been removed to project depth; no work has been done in the section of this reef lying shoreward from the main chan- nel, the depths in which section vary between 14.5 and 23 feet at mean low water along the pierhead line, gradually increasing to 18 feet and over at a distance of 175 feet channelward from the pierhead line. The removal of Corlears Reef to project dimensions has been com- pleted. Shell Reef has been deepened to 25 feet at mean low water except where obstructed by a number of scattering shoals. The work of drilling and blasting in the main channel at Shell Reef is thought to be nearly completed, but a considerable quantity of the blasted rock has yet to be removed by dredging. The proj- ect east channel at Welfare (Blackwells) Island has been dredged to a depth of 30 feet at mean low water except along the easterly side over tunnels at First and at Fifth Streets, Long Island City, where the depth is 25 feet at mean low water; Charlotte Rock has been removed to a depth of 30 feet. A channel 900 feet wide has been excavated off the mouth of Newtown Creek, connecting deep water off East Twentieth Street with deep water in the west channel at Welfare (Blackwells) Island off West Thirtieth Street, Manhattan; 600 feet in width of this channel in the western side has been excavated to a depth of 40 feet and 300 feet in the eastern side to a depth of 35 feet at mean low water. The reef off East Thirty-second Street has been removed to a depth of 40 feet; Ferry Reef has been removed to a depth of 35 feet; a section of Man- of-War Reef lying within the limits of the main channel has been deepened to 35 feet; Horns Hook Reef has been removed to 40 feet; SRhinelander Reef has been dredged to 26 feet; a channel of 34.5 feet depth between Hallets Point and Mill Rocks, through Hell Gate, has a minimum width of 500 feet; Middle Reef has been removed to project depth, Pot Rock in Hell Gate, and Negro Point Reef have been removed to a depth of 35 feet; the channel of 35 feet depth on the eastern side of Middle Ground has been widened to 325 feet; North Brother Island Reef has been removed to a depth of 35 feet; reef off North Point of North Brother Island has been deepened to 35 feet, and rocky reefs between Oak Point and Barretto Point have been removed to 30 feet. As shown by survey made in February, 1928, the controlling mean low-water depth in the channel between South Brother and Berrian Islands has been increased from the original depth of 9.6 feet to 15.5 feet. There is now available for navigation a channel 35 feet deep at mean low water and 500 feet wide connecting deep water in the Upper Bay, New York Harbor, with deep water in the East River RIVERS AND HARBORS-FIRST NEW YORK, N. Y., DISTRICT 215 off Old Slip, Manhattan; thence, a channel 40 feet and over in depth and of varying but navigable width is available up to Hell Gate; the controlling depth in Hell Gate is 34.5 feet through a channel 600 feet wide; the east channel of 35 feet and over in depth at Middle Ground, off Sunken Meadow, is 325 feet wide, and the west channel of the same depth is 200 feet wide; thence, to Clason Point the depth is 35 feet and over through a channel not less than 700 feet wide, and thence, to Throgs Neck at Long Island Sound, 37 feet and not less than 1,000 feet wide.' The controlling depth through the natural east channel of navigable width at Welfare (Blackwells) Island is 24 feet at mean low water; the controlling depth up to English Place (now Forty-third Street) is 30 feet. As a result of the work done under all projects, rocks and reefs have been removed to the depths shown in the following table. Distance Least Least Former Present Locality by water original present projected projected Battery depth depth depth depth Miles Feet Feet Feet Feet - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 1 Battery Reef 1_____ _ ___ 0 12.8 18 18 18 2 South Ferry Reef 1 ___ -- _ 0 17 19 26 26 3 Diamond Reef 2 -_ - ____ ______ _ 15. 7 20.3 25 25 4 Reef off Diamond - Reef - a_______________________ - - -- - - 19 26 26 26 5 Coenties Reef 3 ____. _ 14. 3 30. 7 26 40 6 Fulton Ferry Reef 1 -- - 12 24.6 25 7 Jay Street Reef 1_ - 1--2 ------ 1 14.5 - 25 8 Corlears Reef 1 ____ -- - -- 2 11.8 35 35 9 Third Street Reef 4 3 15. 9 27 19 25 10 Shell Reef 4______________________________________ ....- - - - - - - - - - - - -2 -4 7. 5 15. 5 18 25 11 Pilgrim Rock 5 __ 3% 12 25 25 25 12 Twenty-sixth Street Reef ---- 4 16. 1 25 26 25 13 Charlotte Reef _______________ 4 14. 7 30 26 30 14 Thirty-second Street Reef-----__--- - - - - - - - - - - 44------ 7 7 28. 340 5 226 6 335 5 15 Ferry Reef 7 4 16 Man-of-War Rock 4______________________________ 0. 8 26 26 26 17 Horns Hook Reef__ _________________________7 22 40 40 18 Rhinelander Reef_____7_________--_______7---- 4 9. 4 26 26 26 19 Middle Reef 4___________________ __ 7 6 35 26 35 20 Heel Tap Rock.__ 12. 1 7%----------------------71 20. 5 26 21 Hallets Point Reef 7 4 26 35 35 22 Frying Pan Reef 4________________-__--___ __ 77 9 26 26 35 23 Pot Rock...__________________________.--- _ 8 8 35 26 35 24 Shell Drake Rock 4 8 8 26 26 35 25 Ways Reef 4 ---------------------------------- 8 5 26 26 26 26 Negro Point Reef 4 9 0 35 26 35 27 Reef C..........--------------------------------- 9 33.7 33.7 35 28 Middle Ground 7---------------------------- 10 11 14. 5 26 35 29 Reef off North Brother Island 7----_ 10%1 16 35 26 35 30 - Brother Island North Point of North - 4........... 11 4.3 35 - 35 31 Reef off Oak Point 7 11% 12. 6 30 ......... 30 32 Rocks off Barretto Point 4 - - - -11% ......-... 35 35 33 Barretto Reef 4 _____-------- _ 111 l---_________ 17 32.8 26 35 1 Such parts of these reefs as project into the proposed deep-water channels are to be removed to the project depth of 40 feet. 2 Such parts of these reefs as project into the proposed deep-water channel have been removed to the project depth of 40 feet. 3 Cost of removal to 35-foot depth to be paid by United States; local interests to pay for cost of work below that depth. 4 Such parts of these reefs as project into the proposed deep-water channel are to be removed to the project depth of 35 feet. b Included in area No. 10 (Shell Reef) to be deepened to 25 feet. 6 Included in the proposed deep-water channel east of Blackwells Island for removal to the project depth of 30 feet. 7 Included in the proposed deep-water channel for removal to 35 feet. The total cost of the existing project up to June 30, 1932, was $20,544,584.09--$20298,207.62 for new work and $246,376.47 for main- tenance. The total expenditures amounted to $21,783,943.84. 216 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1932 Proposed operations.-The balance unexpended, including accounts receivable, at the end of the year, together with an allotment of $410,000, made during July, 1932, a total of $760,912.97, will be ap- plied as follows: Accounts payable June 30, 1932___----------------------- $55, 816. 15 New work: Complete by Sept. 1, 1933, the widening of Dia- mond Reef Channel and the east channel Wel- fare Island by dredging and rock removal, under a continuing contract to be entered into at a total estimated cost of $274,000 (Diamond Reef Channel, $245,000; east channel Welfare Island, $29,000). Amount to be expended to Mar. 1, 1933---------------------------------$185, 000.00 Complete by June 30, 1934, the widening of Hell Gate Channel at Hallets Point Reef, under a continuing contract in force, by dredging and rock removal. Amount to be expended to Mar. 1, 1933 ------------------------------ 204, 800. 00 Complete by Aug. 1, 1933, the widening of Middle Ground area, under a continuing contract in force, by dredging and rock removal. Amount to be expended to Mar. 1, 1933__------_ 179, 400. 00 Operate United States dipper dredge Hell Gate, including auxiliary plant, and United States derrick boat E. R. 101 in removing shoal areas between the Battery and Throgs Neck (Decem- ber, 1932-February, 1933) --------------------- 81, 996. 82 651, 196. 82 Maintenance: Remove by use of a United States seagoing dredge about 170,000 cubic yards of material from Dia- mond Reef Channel, northerly section (July- September, 1932) ____ 53, 900. 00 Total for all work---------- ----------------------- 760, 912.97 Additional funds will be required to complete the work proposed under the above continuing contracts, for the operation of the United States dipper dredge Hell Gate and the United States derrick boat E. R. 101, for additional new work, and for maintenance dredging. The sum of $1,050,000 can be profitably expended on this work during the fiscal year ending June 30, 1934, as follows: New work: Complete by Sept. 1, 1933, the widening of Diamond Reef Channel and the east channel Welfare Island, under a continuing contract in force, by dredging and rock removal. Amount to be expended to complete------------------------------------ $73, 000 Complete by June 30, 1934, the widening of Hell Gate Channel at Hallets Point Reef, under a continuing contract in force, by dredging and rock removal. Amount to be expended to complete ---- ------- 78, 500 Complete by Aug. 1, 1933, the widening of Middle Ground area, under a continuing contract in force, by dredging and rock removal. Amount to be ex- pended to complete__---------------------------- 12, 500 For expenditure during the fiscal year under a con- tinuing contract to be entered into for work in Shell Reef, main channel ------------------------ 300, 000 Operate United States dipper dredge Hell Gate, includ- ing auxiliary plant, and United States derrick boat B. R. 101, during the fiscal year----------------- 315, 000 RIVERS AND HARBORS-FIRST NEW YORK, N. Y., DISTRICT 217 New work-Continued. Complete the removal of Middle Ground by dredging and rock removal, under a continuing contract to be entered into, at an estimated cost of $300,000. Es- mated expenditures to June 30, 1934----------- $221, 000 $1, 000, 000 Maintenance: Remove about 150,000 cubic yards of material from Diamond Reef Channel, southerly section, during the fiscal year---------------------- 50, 000 Total for all work ----------------------------------- 1, 050, 000 Commercial statistics.--The commerce for the calendar year 1931 consisted mainly of nonmetallic minerals, general cargo, vegetable food products, and wood and paper. Comparative statement Vessel traffic Additional traffic Calendar Passengers Car ferry Cargoes in transit year Tons Value Tons Value Tons Value 1927-_ 27, 067, 744 $3, 998, 736, 542 33, 908, 449 14, 980, 511 $4, 494, 153, 300 18, 101, 402 $808, 751,304 1928----. 27, 389, 934 1, 782, 147, 439 35, 753, 619 15, 063, 223 4, 518,966,900 24, 868, 825 1, 111, 636, 478 1929 __ 30, 376, 981 1, 958, 989, 730 40, 681, 552 13, 185, 088 3, 955, 526, 400 30, 679, 230 1, 373, 815, 919 1930---. 26, 852, 361 1, 533, 561, 916 40, 232, 598 12, 271, 571 3, 681, 471, 300 22, 601,363 1, 012, 089, 035 1931-.... 23, 047, 537 1, 005, 437, 921 36, 439, 424 10, 613, 798 3, 184,139, 400 21,990, 163 791, 645, 868 The lower average ton value for 1931, is due to decreased tonnages of vegetable food products, refined oils, and general cargo. The decreased tonnage for 1931, is partly due to "United Fruit Co." and " Moore and McCormack " having changed their base from East River to Hudson River Channel. The commerce for 1931 was carried in vessels usually loaded to drafts of 4 to 32 feet. Cost and financial summary Cost of new work to June 30, 1932--------------------- - $26, 485, 901. 12 Cost of maintenance to June 30, 1932----------------- ------ 284, 040. 42 Total cost of permanent work to June 30, 1932--------- 26, 769, 941. 54 Value of plant, materials, etc., on hand June 30, 1932..-------- , 258, 366. 51 Net total cost to June 30, 1932------- ---------- 28. 028, 308. 05 Plus accounts receivable June 30, 1932------ ------------------ 36, 809. 39 Gross total costs to June 30, 1932------ ------------ 28, 065, 117.44 Minus accounts payable June 30, 1932------------------------ 55, 816. 15 Net total expenditures- .--------------------------- 28, 009, 301.29 Unexpended balance June 30, 1932------------------------ 314, 103. 58 Total amount appropriated to June 30, 1932---------- '28, 323, 404. 87 1Reduced by $13,662.40 account previous work paid for by local interests. 218 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1932 Fiscal year ending June 30 1928 1929 1930 1931 1932 Cost of new work--------------... $819,321.93 $1, 478,666.52 $1,480,195.56 $1, 122, 674. 68 $769, 525.81 Cost of maintenance-------------- 8,095. 53 5,854.95 6, 652. 76 3,132. 20 6, 989. 94 Total cost-....-............. 827, 417. 46 1, 484, 521. 47 1, 486, 848. 32 1,125, 806. 88 776, 515. 75 Total expended--------......---- 938, 299. 52 1, 444, 759. 89 1, 513, 032. 96 1, 201, 694. 01 843, 338. 82 Allotted-------............-.-. - 1, 174, 400. 00 587, 000. 00 406, 450. 00 1, 071, 800. 00 -424, 135. 42 Balance unexpended July 1, 1931 -------------------------- $1, 581, 577. 82 Amount allotted from emergency construction act, Dec. 20, 1930__ 34, 000. 00 Amount to be accounted for----------- -------------- 1, 615, 577. 82 Deductions on account of revocation of allotment---------- 458, 135. 42 * Net amount to be accounted for____------. -- - 1, 157, 442. 40 Gross amount expended------- - - _____-- $1, 030, 192. 81 Less: Reimbursements collected------ . $186, 813.99 Receipts from sales------------- 40. 00 186, 853. 99 84_ 338_ 2 Balance unexpended June 30, 1932_ __ 314, 103.-58 Outstanding liabilities June 30, 1932__ 70, 942. 65 Amount covered by uncompleted contracts ...... 334, 242. 98 405,185. 63 Balance available June 30, 1932- -91, 082. 05 Accounts receivable June 30, 1932____ 36, 809. 39 Unobligated balance available June 30, 1932 Amount allotted from War Department appropriation act ap- ------- - -54, 272. 66 proved July 14, 1932---- 410, 000. 00 Balance available for fiscal year 1933___--------------------- 355, 727. 34 Amount (estimated) required to be appropriated for completion - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - of existing project 2.. 7, 050, 000. 00 Amount that can be profitably expended in fiscal year ending June 30, 1934: For new work -- --------------------------------------- - - - - -- - - - - - - - - - - -- - - - - - - - - - - - - - 1, 000, 000. 00 For maintenance a - 50, 000. 00 - - -- - - - -- - - - - - - - - -- - - - - - - - - - - - - - --- --- - Total 1, 050, 000.00 26. WALLABOUT CHANNEL, N. Y. The project was completed in 1900 at a saving of $21,826 under the estimated cost. The expenditures during the year applied to maintenance contingencies amounted to $50.07. The balance un- expended June 30, 1932, $2.15 will be applied to the same purpose. No work is proposed during 1934. For further details, see Annual Report for 1931, page 243. Commercial statistics.-The commerce for the calendar year 1931 consisted mainly of coal, building material, general cargo, lumber, fuel oil, fruits and vegetables, cellar dirt, and cotton linters. 2 Exclusive of available funds. RIVERS AND HARBORS FIRST NEW YORK., N. Y., DISTRICT 219 Comparative statement Vessel traffic Additional traffic, car ferry Calendar year Tons Value Tons Value 1927--------------------------------------- 1, 378, 214 $23, 142, 094 822,868 $246,860,400 1928--.....---------------------------------- 1,516, 917 34, 609, 703 834, 118 250, 235, 400 1929---------------------------------------1, 237, 026 32, 944, 720 696, 762 209, 028, 600 1930................------.........-------------------------------................ 1, 058, 847 31, 377, 792 610, 080 183, 024, 000 1931-.............---------------------........--...-----......------..---1,151, 052 23, 355, 876 504, 644 151, 393, 200 The lower average per ton value for 1931 is due to the increased tonnage of nonmetallic minerals, and the decreased tonnage of vege- table food products and unclassified commodities, as also to the revision of values. The commerce for 1931 was carried in vessels usually loaded to drafts of 4 to 16 feet. Cost and finanowia summary Cost of new work to June 30, 1932 ------------------------- $18, 173.69 Cost of maintenance to June 30, 1932------------------------- 18, 724. 16 Total cost of permanent work to June 30, 1932------------- 36, 897. 85 Net total expenditures--------------- -------------------- 36, 897. 85 Unexpended balance June 30, 1932------------------------------- 2. 15 Total amount appropriated to June 30, 1932--------------- 36, 900. 00 Fiscal year ending June 30 1928 1929 1930 1931 1932 Cost of new work-------- Cost of maintenance. ------------ ------------------- _------------ ----------------------------------------- $42. 94 $104. 74 $0. 10 $50. 07 Total expended------------------------------------40. 56 91. 12 16. 10 50. 07 Allotted....------------------------------ $200. 00 ...----------------------------------. 2 Balance unexpended July 1, 1931---- ----------------- $52.22 Gross amount expended--- ---------- ---------------------- 50. 07 Balance unexpended June 30, 1932--------------2. 15 27. NEWTOWN CREEK, N. Y. Location and description.--This creek is a tidal arm of East River, N. Y., and forms a part of the boundary between the boroughs of Brooklyn and Queens, New York City. The mouth of the creek is nearly opposite East Thirty-fourth Street, Manhattan, and 4 miles northeast from the Battery. Its length is about 4 miles, with widths varying from 125 to 800 feet. About 23/4 miles above its mouth it divides into two branches, termed the East Branch and English Kills or West Branch. About 4,000 feet above the mouth a tributary, Dutch Kills, 3,000 feet long, enters the creek from the east, and almost directly opposite another tributary, Whale Creek, 2,000 feet 220 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1932 long, enters it from the west. Maspeth Creek, 3,550 feet long, branches off to the southeastward 21/4 miles above the mouth of the creek. Mussel Island, included in the existing project, now partly removed, is situated just above the junction of Maspeth Creek with the main stream. The drainage area embraces about 7 square miles, for the most part densely built up to the banks of the creek. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Chart No. 745.) Original condition.-In 1857 the creek varied in width from 140 to 1,200 feet. Depths ranged from 0 to 17 feet at mean low water. The head of navigation in both branches for a 6-foot draft was at Metropolitan Avenue; the head of navigation in the West Branch is now about 2,500 feet south of a drawbridge at Metropolitan Avenue; the head of navigation in the East Branch remains un- changed. The total length, including tributaries, was about 5.7 miles. By 1880 the mouth of the creek had shoaled to 12.5 feet. Previous projects.-The original project, adopted by the river and harbor act of June 14, 1880, was modified and extended by the river and harbor acts of July 5, 1884 (A. R. 1884, p. 107) and June 3, 1896. The total cost of work under the project as modified was $527,530.58. The cost of new work and maintenance can not be separately stated with accuracy, the division in the early years being indeterminable; and approximate estimate is, that $401,260.51 was for new work and $126,270.07 was for maintenance. The total ex- penditures prior to commencing work under the existing project in 1919 was $527,530.58. For further details see page 1769 of Annual Report for 1915. Existing project.-This provides for a channel 23 feet deep and 130 feet wide from the East River to a point about 150 feet north of Maspeth Avenue; for a turning basin in the vicinity of Mussel Island; for dredging a triangular area lying on the north side of the entrance to the creek; for a channel 20 feet deep at mean low water elsewhere in Newtown Creek, including Dutch Kills, Maspeth Creek, and English Kills, and of the following widths: 125 feet wide from Maspeth Avenue to Metropolitan Avenue on the East Branch, including the removal of Mussel Island; 150 feet wide in English Kills, or West Branch, to the Metropolitan Avenue Bridge across said branch, including the easing of bends; 100 feet wide for a dis- tance of 2,000 feet up Maspeth Creek; and 75 to 100 feet wide for a distance of 2,800 feet up Dutch Kills, with a turning basin at the head. The total length of channel included in the project is about 25,000 feet. Mean tidal range, 4.2 feet; mean range of spring tides, 5 feet; irregular fluctuations due to wind and barometric pressure vary from about 3.5 feet below mean low water up to about 4 feet above mean high water. The estimate of cost for new work, revised in 1930, is $1,151,500, exclusive of amounts expended on previous projects. The latest (1930) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $20,000. The existing project was adopted by the following river and har- bor acts: The act of March 2, 1919 (H. Doc. No. 936, 64th Cong., 1st sess.), provided for depth of 20 feet ; and July 3, 1930 (R. and H. Com. Doc. No. 42, 71st Cong., 2d sess.), provided for the 23-foot channel. A modification of harbor lines in the vicinity of Mussel RIVERS AND HARBORS-FIRST NEW YORK, N. Y., DISTRICT 221 Island was approved by the Secretary of War January 21, 1920, and a concordant minor modification of the project without change in the estimate of cost was approved by authority of the Secretary of War March 22, 1920. The latest published maps are in the project documents. Recommended modifications of protet.-None. Local cooperation.-The river and harbor act of March 2, 1919, requires that all land needed for right of way be furnished without cost to the United States, and provides that no work shall be done in Maspeth Creek, in the removal of Mussel Island, or in English Kills, until this has been done in each case and corresponding changes made in existing harbor lines; also that no work shall be undertaken under the existing project in Dutch Kills until the ob- structive bridges near its mouth have been suitably modified. The lands needed in Maspeth Creek, Mussel Island, and the East Branch have been ceded to the United States by the city of New York by deed. No action has been taken by the city authorities leading to the cession of land needed for right of way in English Kills or West Branch. The work of modifying the bridges near the mouth of Dutch Kills was completed in 1923. Local interests at various times dredged for maintenance in front of their wharves. They have also expended large sums in extending the channel in the West Branch from the Metropolitan Avenue Bridge southward, a distance of about 2,500 feet, to the present head of navigation at Johnson Avenue. This extension is about 160 feet wide and 6 to 12 feet deep at mean low water. Extensive bulkheading, dredging, and filling has also been done in the Dutch Kills Branch by private interests. Terminal facilities.--The length of water front measured along both sides of the projected improvements is 11.6 miles, of which 9.6 miles are bulkheaded and about 13/4 miles of frontage, distributed over the entire length of this waterway, is yet undeveloped. The total available dockage is 51,420 feet, of which the State of New York owns 903 feet as a barge-canal terminal, the city of New York owns 2,615 feet, and 4,866 feet are owned by railroad companies. The remainder, 43,036 feet, is owned by firms and corporations doing business on the creek. Twenty-three terminals have railroad connec- tions, and three, two of which are owned by the city of New York and one by the State of New York and used as a barge-canal ter- minal, are open to the public. The narrowness of the waterway, except at the mouth of the creek, prohibits construction of projecting piers. The commerce of Newtown Creek consists chiefly of fuel, building and road material, copper and steel, chemicals, mineral oils, petroleum products, and fertilizers; it is handled to and from lighters and barges generally by steam derricks and hoists. All terminals connect with city highways in fair condition; those on the north side of the creek have ready access to the Long Island Railroad tracks. (For latest full description of terminal facilities see Port Series No. 20, Corps of Engineers.) Newtown Creek lies within the limits of the port district as recommended by the Port of 222 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1932 New York Authority, December 21, 1921. (See under Terminal facilities, New York Harbor, p. 190 of this report.) Operations and result dring fiscal year.-The United States dip- per dredge Hell Gate was employed from January to June 30, 1932, in deepening the channel from the entrance up to Meeker Avenue. There were removed 167,328 cubic yards, scow measurement of mate- rial, at a cost of $91,163.70, for new work. The United States pipe-line dredge De Witt Clinton was employed from June 10 to 12, 1932, in the vicinity of Vernon Avenue, remov- ing about 900 cubic yards of material, at a cost of $1,357.11, for new work. Under a contract dated April 1, 1931, for dredging in Mussel Island area, work in progress at the end of last fiscal year was completed July 25, 1931. There were removed 108,598 cubic yards, place measurement, of material, at a cost of $51,599.29, for new work. The cost of surveys, tidal investigations, and contingencies was $421.60, for new work. The total cost was $144,541.70, all for new work. The expenditures amounted to $175,265.80. Condition at end of fscal year.-The project is about 53 per cent completed. The main channel in Newtown Creek has been dredged to a depth of 20 feet at mean low water and to widths of 250 feet at the entrance to 150 feet at a point about 500 feet from above Hob- son Avenue and Dutch Kills has been dredged to a depth of 20 feet, 75 to 100 feet wide, except at a few places near the head of the improvement where dredging could not be carried closer than 10 to 15 feet from unstable bulkheads. About 64 per cent of the work of deepening the main channel to 23 feet from the entrance to Maspeth Avenue has been completed during the fiscal year 1932, including the removal of Mussel Island. Maspeth Creek has been dredged to project dimensions throughout. As shown by sound- ings taken in 1931, and May-June, 1932, the controlling mean low- water depth in Newtown Creek from the entrance to Maspeth Avenue was 20 feet. Some shoaling existed along the channel lines. The controlling depth in Maspeth Creek is about 19 feet, and in the turning basin at the former location of Mussel Island 23 feet, except for a few scattering shoals where it is 22 feet, as shown by soundings taken in July, 1931. A channel 150 feet wide, 20 feet or more in depth at mean low water, and about 2,000 feet long has been dredged by private interests adjacent to the harbor line along the westerly side of the Mussel Island section of the creek. As shown by soundings taken in 1929 the controlling depth between the southern end of the dredged section and Grand Street Bridge was 15 feet; above this to Metropolitan Avenue Bridge it was about 14 feet; in English Kills or the West Branch, up to Metropolitan Avenue Bridge it was about 15.5 feet. In December, 1931, the controlling depth in Dutch Kills was about 16 feet. The work remaining to be done consists in completing to project dimen- sions the channel from the entrance in East River up to Metropolitan Avenue at the head of the East Branch, except the stretch of 2,000 feet in the Mussel Island section dredged under contract and by private parties; and in dredging English Kills, or West Branch. RIVERS AND HARBORS-FIRST NEW YORK, N. Y., DISTRICT 223 The total cost of the existing project up to June 30, 1932, was $713,595.79-$616,761.12 for new work and $96,834.67 for mainte- nance. The total expenditures amounted to $696,388.84. Proposed operations.-The balance unexpended at the end of the year, amounting to $26,597.04, together with an allotment of $102,000 made during July, 1932, a total of $128,597.04, will be applied as follows: Accounts payable June 30, 1932-- --------------------------- $17,206. 95 New work: Operate U. S. dipper dredge Hell Gate, including auxiliary plant, to complete the dredging of channel to project dimensions, from about 800 feet north of the Greenpoint Avenue Bridge to the turning basin (Mussel Island), July-Decem- ber, 1932-------------------------------- $101, 890. 09 Complete by Dec. 1, 1932, the widening of the channel at the entrance to the creek, under con- tract to be entered into, by dredging and rock remova---------------------------------- 9. 500.00 111, 390. 09 Total --------------------------------------------- 128, 597. 04 It is not proposed to do any further new work for the present, as the channel to be produced with the expenditure of available funds will meet the needs of existing commerce. It is believed that dredging for maintenance will not be necessary ,during the next two years. Therefore, no additional funds can be profitably expended during the fiscal year ending June 30, 1934. Commercial statistics.-The commerce for the calendar year 1931 consisted mainly of petroleum and petroleum products, coal and coke, building material, refined oils, fuel and gas oil, ores, metals and manufactures, general cargo, and lumber. The entire channel is used, and improvements have greatly facilitated traffic. Comparative statement Vessel traffic Additional traffic Calendar year Passen- gers Car ferry Tons Value Tons Value 1927-------......... ..----... ..... ------------------------ 5, 873, 400 $280,166,540 ............................---------------- --------- 5,850,710 1928---------- 237,426,212 ----- 492 $147, 600 1929--------..........------................... --- .. 7, 008,111 341,150, 239 2, 766 1, 037 311,100 1930-------...............-------------.................. ----------- 5, 581, 615 248, 227, 287 4. 846 119 35, 700 191----................................---------------------------------- 15, 355,154 147, 712,082 7, 872 508 152, 400 1 In addition to the above tonnage figure, 40,549 tons of cellar dirt were shipped from this waterway, and -disposed of at sea. The lower average per ton value for 1931 is due to the decreased transportation of all forms of copper and the increased tonnage of petroleum and petroleum products, as also to the revision of values. The commerce for 1931 was carried in vessels usually loaded to .drafts of 5 to 22 feet. 140960---ENG 1932 15 224 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1932 Cost and fnanoial sumez ary Cost of new work to June 30, 1932-------------------- $1 018, 021.63 Cost of maintenance to June 30, 1932-------------------223,104.74 Total cost of permanent work to June 30, 1932-- -------- 1, 241, 126. 37 Minus accounts payable June 30, 1932 ------------------------ 7, 206. 95 Net total expenditures-----------------------------, 223, 919. 42 Unexpended balance June 30, 1932 26,597.04 Total amount appropriated to June 30, 1932____________ 1, 250, 516. 46 Fiscal year ending June 30 1928 1929 1930 1931 1932 Cost of new work-....-------------------- ......-------------------... $1, 713. 31 -------------- $66, 828. 22 $13,043.40 3. 00 $179,331.95 .17 $144,541.70 - Cost of maintenance........ Total cost. ...----------------------- 1, 713. 31 66, 828.22 13 046. 40 179, 332. 12 144, 541.70 Total expended........-----------...................------------- 1, 678. 65 66, 808. 53 12, 988. 19 131, 542. 53 175, 265.80 Allotted- --------........................------------------------ 103, 000. 00 -3, 700. 00 94, 800. 00 130, 000. 00 89,100. 00 Balance unexpended July 1, 1931--------------------------- $112, 762. 84 Amount allotted from War Department appropriation act approved Feb. 23, 1927------------------ ----- $6, 204.63 Amount allotted from War Department appropriation act approved March 23, 1928-------------------- 1, 417. 98 Amount allotted from War Department appropriation act approved May 28, 1930------ ------ - 80,387.39 Amount allotted from War Department appropriation act approved Feb. 23, 1931------------------------- 1, 000. 00 89, 100. 00 Amount to be accounted for-------------------------- 201, 862. 84 Gross amount expended_------1------------------------- 75, 265.80 Balance unexpended June 30, 1932---------------------- 26, 597. 04 Outstanding liabilities June 30, 1932 _ 17, 206. 95 Balance available June 30, 1932--___ ------ 9, 390. 09 Amount allotted from War Department appropriation act approved July 14, 1932-------------------------- 102, 000. 00 Balance available for fiscal year 1933------ ------ 111, 390. 09 Amount (estimated) required to be appropriated for completion of existing project 1 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 423, 300. 00 28. HARLEM RIVER, N. Y. Location and description.-Harlem River and Spuyten Duyvil Creek, both included in the project for the improvement of Harlem River, are two tidal waterways, of a joint length of about 8 miles, which join at Kingsbridge. They lie wholly within the limits of Greater New York and separate Manhattan Island from the main- land. The East River entrance is about 81/ miles northeast of the Battery, New York City, and the Hudson River entrance about 131/2 miles north of the Battery. Harlem River also: connects with East River by way of Little Hell Gate, between Wards and Randalls 1 Exclusive of available funds. RIVERS AND HARBORS-FIRST NEW YORK, N. Y., DISTRICT 225 Islands. Little Hell Gate is not used by navigators, being shoal, rocky, and winding, with strong tidal currents. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Chart No. 274.) Original condition.--Harlem River varied in width from about 300 to 1,500 feet. It had an available depth of 10 feet at mean low water from East River to Morris Dock, except at Highbridge, where it was only 6 feet deep. From Morris Dock to Fordham Landing there was a crooked channel 7 feet deep, and above the latter place the river could be used only by the smallest class of vessels. The width of Spuyten Duyvil Creek was about 150 feet at its head and about 1,000 feet near its mouth; it had a least mean low-water depth of about 4 feet from Kingsbridge to Hudson River; above Kings- bridge the depth gradually diminished to less than 1 foot at the head of the creek. A narrow channel at the junction of the two streams was obstructed by a ledge of rock awash at low tide. In 1875 the mean tidal range at the mouth of Spuyten Duyvil Creek was 3.91 feet, and at Fordham Bridge, a short distance south of Broadway Bridge, it was 6.03 feet. Previous projects.-The original project for improvement was adopted by the river and harbor act of June 23, 1874. The cost and expenditures under this project prior to the commencement of work under the existing project in 1887 were $21,000, all for new work. For further details see annual report for 1915, page 1762. Ewisting project.-This provides for a continuous channel 15 feet deep at mean low water and 400 feet wide from East River to Hud- qon River, except in the vicinity of Washington Bridge, where the adopted width is 354 feet, and at the rock cut through Dyckmans Meadow, where it is 350 feet and the depth 18 feet. It also provides for straightening the channel at Johnson Iron Works by making a cut 15 feet deep and 400 feet wide. The length of channel included in the project is about 8 miles. The mean tidal range varies, accord- ing to locality, from 4.9 feet at Willis Avenue Bridge to 3.7 feet at Spuyten Duyvil Bridge; range of spring tides, 5.9 and 4.5 feet, respectively. Irregular .fluctuations due to wind and barometric pressure vary from 3 feet below mean low water up to 4 feet above mean high water at Willis Avenue Bridge and from 3.5 feet below mean low water up to 3.5 feet above mean high water at Spuyten Duyvil Bridge. The estimate of cost for new work, revised in 1928, is $5,470,000, exclusive of amounts expended on previous projects. The latest (1928) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $25,000. The existing project was adopted by the river and harbor act of June 18, 1878. (H. Doc. No. 75, pt. 9, 43d Cong., 2d sess.) It was modified in 1886 (A. R. 1886, p. 674) and 1893 (A. R. 1912, p. 198) and enlarged by the river and harbor act of March 4, 1913 (H. Doc. No. 557, 62d Cong., 2d sess.). For latest published maps see: annual report for 1913, page 1644, and the last-mentioned document. Recommended modification of project.--None. Local cooperation.-The river and harbor act of June 18, 1878, adopting the existing project, and the river and harbor act of March 3, 1879, provided that the necessary right of way should be provided free of cost to the United States before work was begun. This pro- vision was complied with by the State of New York, which procured 226 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1932 the necessary lands and completed their transfer to :the United States in May, 1887. A similar provision is contained in the river and har- bor act of March 4, 1913, authorizing the straightening of the chan- nel at Johnson Iron Works. The river and harbor act of March 4, 1915, provides for the cession to the State of the land occupied by the present channel at that point, after the right of way for the cut-off has been provided and the new channel completed. By act approved April 1 1922, by the Governor of the State of New York (ch. 407, Laws of New York), the State of New York appropriated $1,500,000 " to enable the State to purchase the right of way necessary for the improvement of the Harlem River and the Spuyten Duyvil Creek from the North River to the East River through the Harlem Kills "; under the authority thus granted the State authorities have ceded to the United States by deed all but two comparatively small parcels. Reconstruction of High Bridge was completed October 28, 1928. Terminal facilities.-The direct length of water front measured along both shores of the Harlem River is about 16 miles; of this length, topographical features render 4 miles unavailable for com- mercial use. About 5 miles in length of water front have been de- veloped by the construction of 125 piers, wharves, and bulkheads, with a total available dockage of 38,522 feet, of which 22,728 feet are owned by the city of New York and 685 feet are owned by the State of New York, the latter as a barge canal terminal. Of the terminals owned by the city some are open to the public on equal terms, some are leased for commercial use, and a few are used by city depart- ments. Such additional terminals are built from time to time by the public authorities as are needed to keep pace with the growing commerce. Privately owned and leased terminals, four of which are open to the public, are used exclusively for commercial purposes. Ten termi- nals have railroad connections, seven of which are owned by the railroads, one by a private corporation, and two by the city of New York. The Harlem River iq navigated mainly by barges and canal boats without masts and by tugboats with low stacks; sailing vessels seldom navigate the river because of delays at bridge draws. The method of freight handling varies, according to the character of the commodity contained in the cargo, from steam derricks or telphers to hand trucks. All terminals are reached by well-paved highways in good condition. (For latest full description of terminal facilities see Port Series No. 20, Corps of Engineers.) Harlem River lies within the limits of the port district, as recommended by the Port of New York Authority December 21, 1921. (See under Terminal facilities, New York Harbor, p. 190 of this report.) Operations and results during fiscal year.-Under contract dated March 17, 1931, for dredging and rock removal between High Bridge and Two hundred and seventh Street, work in progress at the end of last fiscal year was completed June 30, 1932. There were removed 15,459 cubic yards of rock and 8,733 cubic yards of other material, place measurement, at a cost of $130,387.55, for new work. Removing shoals in various localities was accomplished by use of Government plant and the hire of labor. The yardage has not been computed. The cost was $701.45, for new work. RIVERS AND HARBORS-FIRST NEW YORK, N. Y., DISTRICT 227 The cost of contingencies including the revision of liquidated dam- ages withheld during the previous year was $2,938.97, for new work. Under contract dated March 10, 1931, for dredging between One hundred and fourteenth and One hundred and twenty-sixth Streets, work in progress at the end of last fiscal year was completed August 31, 1931. There were removed 11,252 cubic yards, place measurement, of material, at a cost of $7,674.58, for maintenance. The cost of special surveys, tidal investigations, and contingencies was $351.44, for maintenance. The total cost was $142,053.99-$134,027.97 for new work and $8,026.02 for maintenance. The expenditures amounted to $134,843.91. Condition at end of fiscal year.-The project is about 50 per cent completed. A channel 15 feet deep at mean low water and 400 feet wide has been excavated from the East River up to High Bridge. From High Bridge to the Hudson River, a channel 15 feet deep and 350 feet wide has been excavated. The controlling depth from the East River to the Hudson River is about 15 feet at mean low water through a channel of practically 350 feet in width. The widths of channel through bridge draws are 98 to 100 feet. The work remaining to be done to complete the project consists in widening the dredged channel above High Bridge, and straightening the channel at the Johnson Iron Works. The total cost of the existing project up to June 30, 1932, was $2,857,742.55-$2,686,129.60 for new work and $171,612.95 for main- tenance. The total expenditures amounted to $2,844,958.48. Proposed operations.-The balance unexpended at the end of the year, amounting to $20,817.70, will be applied as follows: Accounts payable June 30, 1932-------------------------------- $12, 784.07 New work : For removal during the fiscal year by use of Government plant and hired labor small isolated rock shoals between East One hundred and sixteenth and East One hundred and twenty-fifth Streets ------------------------------------------------ 8, 033. 63 Total ------------------------------------------- 20, 817. 70 It is expected that all questions regarding necessary right of way in straightening the channel at Johnson Iron Works will not be settled in time to commence work during the fiscal year 1934. It is believed that maintenance dredging will be necessary in the vicinity of Broadway Bridge and southerly of the Willis Avenue Bridge. To maintain the project depth throughout the waterway will require additional maintenance dredging about every two years in the areas recently deepened. Therefore, the sum of $50,000 can be profitably expended during the fiscal year ending June 30, 1934, the work to be done by contract during January and February, 1934. Commercial statistics.-The commerce for the calendar year 1931 consisted mainly of stone, coal and coke, refined oils, ashes, general cargo, lumber, and rolled forms of iron and steeL 228 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1932 Comparative statement Vessel traffic Additional traffic Calendar year Passen- gers Car-ferry Cargoes in transit Tons Value Tons Value Tons Value 1927 ...........----------- 5, 755, 906 $183, 542, 886 (1) 1, 895, 723 $568, 716, 900 (1) (1) 1928 .......-----------. 6, 217, 542 121, 229, 483 460, 179 1, 644, 392 493, 317, 600 993, 231 $3, 138, 610 1929----------- ...... 5, 022, 882 141, 080, 096 351, 444 1, 651, 013 495, 303, 900 1, 115, 788 3, 525, 890 1930--------- ..........-- 4,360, 293 109, 040, 413 381, 753 1, 684, 724 505, 417, 200 1, 020, 558 3, 224, 963 1931 ---........----- 2 3, 849, 358 94,805, 974 392,729 1, 602, 252 480, 675, 600 1, 011, 953 3, 063, 616 1 No:statistics available. 2 In addition to the above tonnage figures, 321,059 tons of ashes, 2,385 tons of cellar dirt and 263,497 tons of garbage were shipped from this waterway and disposed of at sea. The lower tonnage figure is due to the elimination of ashes, cellar dirt, and garbage tonnages, and the lower average ton value to the revision of values. The commerce for 1931 was carried in vessels usually loaded to drafts of 5 to 20 feet. Cost and finanoial swmmary Cost of new work to June 30, 1932--------------- ----- $2, 707, 129. 60 Cost of maintenance to June30, 1932-------------- 171, 612.95 Total cost of permanent work to June 30, 1932.--_.-- . 2, 878, 742. 55 Minus accounts payable June 30, 1932------------------------- 12, 784. 07 Net total expenditures----------------------------- 2, 865, 958. 48 Unexpended balance June 30, 1932___- --------------- 20, 817. 70 iotal amount appropriated to June 30, 1932__----------- 2,886, 776. 18 Fiscal year ending June 30 1928 1929 1930 1931 1932 Cost of new work-___------------------- -$4, 232.00 $285, 401. 48 $150, 082. 36 $20, 126. 37 $134, 027.97 Cost of maintenance---------------------- 2, 821.32 19, 799. 45 2, 151. 52 27,970.17 8,026. 02 ------ 7,053.32 305,200. 93 152, 233. 88 Total cost---........................------------- 48,096. 54 142, 053. 99 Total expended._...----------------------- 5, 901. 16 251, 651.30 206, 887. 03 43, 129. 07 134, 843.91 Allotted --------------------------------- 245, 000. 00 -2, 000. 00 -9,000. 00 80,000. 00 11, 740. 00 Balance unexpended July 1, 1931 ----------- --------------- $143, 921.61 Amount allotted from War Department appropriation act approved May 28, 1930-------------- --- $2, 740. 00 Amount allotted from War Department appropriation act approved Feb. 23, 1931 , 000. 00 9---------------------- 11, 740. 00 Amount to be accounted for_- -__ - 661.61 1----------------- 155, Gross amount expended -- __--------------- 134, 854. 68 Less reimbursements collected_ -------------------- - 10. 77 134, 843. 91 Balance unexpended June 30, 1932___....----------- 20, 817. 70 Outstanding liabilities June 30, 1932_ ...... __---------- - 12, 784. 07 Balance available June 30, 1932- __________----------- 8, 033. 63 Amount (estimated) required to be appropriated for completion - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - ---- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - of existing project 1 2, 775, 800. 00 Amount that can be profitably expended in fiscal year ending June 30, 1934, for maintenance 1 - - - - - - - - - - - - 50, 000. 00 1Exclusive of available funds. RIVERS AND HARBORS-FIRST NEW YORK, N. Y., DISTRICT 229 29. HUDSON RIVER CHANNEL, NEW YORK HARBOR Location and de~ciption.---Hudson River empties into the upper bay of New York Harbor at the Battery, New York City. The section included under this title extends from a line joining the Battery and Ellis Island to the northern limits of New York City, a distance of about 16 miles. The width between pierhead lines is 3,670 feet at the Battery, gradually decreasing to 2,770 feet at West Fourteenth Street and 2,800 feet at West Fifty-ninth Street, thence increasing to 4,400 feet at Spuyten Duyvil Creek, which width it maintains to the northern boundary of New York City. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Charts Nos. 274, 745, and 746.) Originalcondition.-The width was greater than at present, wide stretches of shallows along both banks having been long since re- claimed and devoted to urban purposes. Few changes in the depth of the deep-water channel are noted, except in the narrow reach be- tween Hoboken and the Chelsea district of New York (vicinity of West Nineteenth Street), where the contraction has been so great as to cause scour on the bottom. These contractions were made mainly before 1890, when the United States protected the stream from further undue encroachments by the establishment of harbor lines. A channel 40 feet and over in depth and with a least width of about 1,000 feet extended thoughout and some distance above the section included in the project; it bordered upon the New York shore, except in the reach from West Nineteenth Street to West Seventy-second Street, where the deep water was found along the western shore or in the center of the river. Its width was limited by three shoal areas projecting out from the shores a considerable distance; one along the east shore from West Nineteenth Street to West Seventy-second Street, New York City; one along the west shore from below Jersey City to Castle Point; and one along the west shore from Weehawken to beyond the limits of the existing project for dredging along this water front. The least depths found over these shoals along pierheads were about 21 feet, 20 feet, and 7 feet, respectively. Previous projects.--The original project for improvement was adopted by the river and harbor act of March 3, 1875; the cost of this project was $25,000, and the total expenditures amounted to $25,000. Appropriation was made June 6, 1900, for removal of reef near Pier A. The expenditure was $650. Joint resolution of July 1, 1902, and the river and harbor act of March 3, 1905, author- ized the diversion of not exceeding $45,000 from appropriations already made or authorized for the improvement of Ambrose Chan- nel, New York Harbor, for the removal of a rock or obstruction in the North River, New York Harbor, near Pier No. 1 (known as Pier A), to a depth of 40 feet at mean low water. The cost of removing this rock to a depth of 38 feet at mean low water was $43,979.12, and the expenditure amounting to $43,979.12 was paid from funds appropriated for maintenance of entrance channels, New York Harbor. Provisions for its removal to 40 feet at mean low water is made in the existing project adopted March 4, 1913, in which it is referred to as " ledge rock lying about 1,000 feet off Pier A at the Battery." The total costs and expenditures under previous projects prior to the commencement of work under the 230 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1932 existing project in 1913 were $69,629.12, all for new work. For further details see Annual Report for 1915, page 1765. Eistig project.--This provides for a channel 40 feet deep from pierhead line to pierhead line from Twentieth Street, Manhattan, to a point 1,8300 feet below Newark Street, Hoboken, thence 2,800 feet wide to the Battery and beyond to deep water off Ellis Island; a channel 30 feet deep in the area between the 40-foot channel and the Jersey City water front, substantially as shown on map in House Document No. 450, Seventieth Congress, second session; a channel 750 feet wide and 30 feet deep along the Weehawken-Edgewater water front; the removal of a shoal on the New York side between West Nineteenth and West Sixty-first Streets to a depth of 40 feet; and the removal of an obstruction north of the mouth of Spuyten Duyvil Creek to the depth of the surrounding river bottom. The length of the section included in the project is about 16 miles. Mean tidal range at the Battery, 4.4 feet, and at the mouth of Spuyten Duyvil Creek, 3.7 feet; mean range of spring tides 5.3 feet and 4.5 feet, respectively; irregular fluctuations due to wind and' barometric pressure vary from 4 feet below mean low water at the Battery up to 4 feet above mean high water, and at the mouth of Spuyten Duyvil Creek from 3.5 feet below mean low water up to 3.5 feet abo6v mean high water. The estimate of cost for new work, revised in 1930, is $4,690,000, exclusive of the amounts °expended on previous projects. The latest (1930) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $114,000. The existing project was authorized by the following river and harbor acts: The act of March 4, 1913, provided for the 30-foot channel from Ellis Island to Newark Street, a depth of 40 feet through shoal off Hamburg Avenue, a channel 26 feet deep and 550 feet wide along Weehawken-Edgewater water front; a removal of shoal on east side of river between West Nineteenth and West Thirty- second Streets, removal of rock near the Battery and an obstruction near Spuyten Duyvil Creek (H. Doc. No. 719, 62d Cong., 2d sess.); the act of March 4, 1915, authorized additional dredging in the vicinity of the shoal off Hamburg Avenue (A.R. 1914, pp. 234-235) ; the act of August 8 1917, provided for the removal of a shoal be- tween West Thirty-second and West Sixty-first Street to a depth of 40 feet and widening the 40-foot channel between the Battery and Canal Street to 2,000 feet (H. Doc. No. 1697, 64th Cong., 2d sess.); the act approved March 3, 1925, provided for increasing the depth of the channel along the Weehawken-Edgewater water front to 30 feet at mean low water and the width to 750 feet (H. Doc. No. 313, 68th Cong., 1st sess.); the act of January 21, 1927, modified the condi- tions of local cooperation stated in House Document No. 313, Sixty- eighth Congress, first session, and the act of July 3, 1930, provided for increasing the width of the 40-foot channel between Twentieth Street, Manhattan, and Ellis Island, and for a 30-foot channel be- tween the west channel line of the 40-foot channel and the channel along Jersey City water front (H. Doc. No. 450, 70th Cong., 2d sess.). For latest published maps see Annual Report for 1915, page 2144, House Document No. 1697, Sixty-fourth Congress, second session, House Document No. 450, Seventieth Congress, second session, and House Document No. 309, Seventy-second Congress, first session. RIVERS AND HARBORS-FIRST NEW YORK, N. Y., DISTRICT 231 Recommended modifications of project.-Under date of April 5, 1932, the Chief of Engineers recommended modification of the exist- ing project for Hudson River Channel, N. Y. and N. J., to provide for a channel 40 feet deep at mean low water for the full width of the river extending from the north line of Fifty-ninth Street to the south side of Little Basin, and thence a channel of the same depth to deep water in Upper New York Bay off Ellis Island, at an estimated cost of $865,000, with maintenance estimated at $30,000 annually, in addition to that now required; subject to the provision that no dredging shall be done under the project within 50 feet of the pier- head lines. (H. Dec. No. 309, 72d Cong., 1st sess.) Local cooperation-There are legal questions concerning the ex- tent of local cooperation required in connection with the channel along the Weehawken-Edgewater water front which remain to be determined. Terminal facilities.-The direct length of water front included in the project for improvement, measured along both shores of the river, is 32 miles; of this length, 7 miles of the Manhattan water front and 10 miles of the New Jersey water front have been devel- oped for commercial use by the construction of terminals consisting of piers, bulkheads, warehouses equipped with modern appliances for handling freight, modern coal piers, bridges for the transfer of cars to and from floats, marine railways, dry docks, and ferry racks. MANHATTAN WATER FRONT Large sums have been expended by the city of New York in the construction of piers along the Manhattan water front, many of which are designed to accommodate trans-Atlantic steamships up to 1,000 feet in length and 40 'feetdraft. There are 108 piers along this front, 74 per cent of which are owned by the city of New York; 18 per cent are owned by railroads, and one terminal is owned by New York State as a barge-canal terminal. Most of the city- owned terminals are leased for commercial purposes; a few are open to the public and some are used by city departments. Privately owned and leased terminals are used exclusively for commercial pur- poses and are not open to the public. The total available dockage along this front in use for commercial purposes is 163,623 linear feet. NEW JERSEY WATER FRONT There are 216 terminals along the New Jersey water front. Of these, 208 are either privately or corporately owned, 1 is owned by the Borough of Edgewater, and the remaining 6 are under the con- trol of the United States Shipping Board. These latter terminals accommodate steamships of all classes up to the largest trans-Atlantic steamships afloat. About 55 per cent of all terminals along this front are owned or controlled by railroad companies for the accom- modation of car floats, lighters, barges, and gram elevators employed in the transfer of freight to and from various points in New York Harbor and seagoing barges employed in coastwise traffic. Privately owned terminals accommodate vessels of all classes up to 30 feet draft. Of the terminals along the New Jersey shore, but one in Jersey City is owned by and open to the public. The total available dockage along the New Jersey water front in use for com- mercial purposes is about 213,800 linear feet. 232 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1932 IN GENERAL Most of the terminals are efficient in respect to the method of freight handling. The methods in use vary from the most modern freight-handling appliances to hand trucks. The appliance installed is generally that believed to be the best adapted for use in transfer- ring the particular class of freight to be handled. Many terminals have direct railroad connection. The New York City authorities are constantly adding to and im- proving the terminals along the Manhattan water front, and private and corporate interests have in view the construction of additional terminals of large capacity along the New Jersey water front, par- ticularly in the stretch above Castle Point. With the exception of terminals along the Weehawken-Edgewater water front, all are reached by well-paved highways in good condi- tion; 'alang the Weehawken-Edgewater water front ,the approaches to the terminals are not paved: but are in good condition. In 1917 the States of New York and New Jersey enacted legislation creating a joint harbor-development commission. This commision ; made a sttidy of thyport as a whole andtiunder date of December 16 1920, ubmitted its report o the governor of the respective States toether with comnprehensive plansaiiad. :eeommendatios. iudson River Channe lieswithin the ~hmitsoof the port distriet as reoommehded by the Port ofaAithority, New York December 21, 1921. (See under Terminal facilities, New York Harbor, p. 1i0 of this report. For latest {filldescription of terminal facilities, see Port Series No. 20, Corps of Engineers.) Opeti"n anrd 1esidte dri' fiseal year.--The U. S:..:seagoing dredges Naveeink, arshal and 4 arit were employed from July, 1931, to May, A st t1932; ; to Januarys 1932; ad January to May, 1932, respectivey, idening: theimain ahancel from: Ellis Island to West ITwentieth Street, Manhattan, remaving a total of 2,4Q6,729 cubic :yards, bin measurement, ofaud sand, clay, and other material, at a total cost :f i$399,145.3. for new work. The U. S. seagoing fdredge Marshall .w : aemployed during April and May, 1932, along the Manhattan water front (West Nineteenth to West Sixty-first Street),, :removing 88,741 cubic yards, bin meas- urement, of sand, silt, and other material, at a cost of $32,566.89, for maintenance. The cost of surveys, adjustments, and contingencies was $1,944.95, for maintenance. The total cost of all work was $433,657.21-$399,145.37 for new work and $34,511.84 for maintenance. The total expenditures amounted to $386,551.53. Condition at end of fiscal year.-About 70 per cent of the exist- ing project has been completed. About 55 per cent of the work of widening the main channel from Ellis Island to West Twentieth Street, Manhattan, for a length of about 14,200 feet and for the full width of 2,800 feet, has been completed during the fiscal year 1932. The work done has resulted in removing the rock off Pier A to project depth, in completing the channel along the Jersey City water front, in completing the removal of a shoal along the Ho- boken water front to project width and depth, in completing the Weehawken-Edgewater water front to a depth of 26 feet and width RIVERS AND HARBORS---FIRST NEW YORK, N. Y., DISTRICT 233 of 550 feet, in excavating the channel between the Battery and Canal Street to project dimensions, and in completing the removal of a shoal along the Manhattan water front between West Nineteenth and West Sixty-first Streets to the project depth, except immediately adjacent to the pierhead line at West Twenty-third Street ferry slips, where the depth varies from 29 feet along the pierhead line up to 40 feet at a distance of 350 feet out from the pierhead line and in removing the obstruction north of the mouth of Spuyten Duyvil Creek to the depth of the surrounding bottom. The controlling mean low-water depth through the channel along the Jersey City water front, when examined in August, 1931, was 30 feet, except at the northern end where scattering shoals limit the depth to about 29 feet through a channel about 300 feet wide. Along the Hoboken water front, when examined in October-November 1931, a shoal extended along the pierhead.line with a least depth of about 32 feet, gradually increasing to 40 feet at a distance of about 100 feet channelward from the said line; elsewhere along this front the depth was 40 feet. As shown by an examination of Weehawken- Edgewater water front, made in July, 1931, the controlling mean low-water depth was 25 feet through a channel about 500 feet wide to opposite West One hundred and twenty-second Street, thence to the northern entrance 22 feet for a width of 550 feet. The channel has been narrowed somewhat by material entering it from side, slopes and adjacent flats. The controlling mean low water depth in the main channel from Ellis Island to 1,300 feet below Newark Street, Hoboken, N. J., when examined in June, 1932, was 40 feet, except for a length of 7,000 feet and a width of 800 feet in the lower half length of the channel, where the least depth was about 35 feet. Along the Manhattan water front, when examined in January-February, 1932, a shoal extended along the pierhead line from West Twenty-second to West Forty-second Street, with a least depth of 33 feet, gradually increas- ing to 40 feet and varying from 100 to 300 feet channelward from the pierhead line; from West Forty-ninth to West Fifty-fourth Street a shoal extended along the pierhead line having a least depth of 34 feet, gradually increasing to 40 feet at a distance of about 100 feet channelward from the pierhead line; elsewhere along this water front the depth was 40 feet. The work remaining to be done to complete the project consists in deepening and widening the chan- nel along the Weehawken-Edgewater water front as authorized by the river and harbor act of March 3, 1925, and completing deepening and widening the channel as authorized by the river and harbor act of July 3, 1930. The total cost of the existing project up to June 30, 1932, was $4,616,338.37-$3,274,936.14 for new work and $1,341,402.23 for main- tenance. The total expenditures amounted to $4,568,513.35. Proposed operations.-The balance unexpended at the end of the year, together with an allotment of $300,000 made during July, 1932, a total of $367,345.25, will be applied as follows: Accounts payable June 30, 1932 __--________-- __- $47, 825. 28 -__________ New work: Operate 2 United States seagoing dredges in widening the main 40-foot channel for 8 dredge months (July-October, 1932) ------------------------------- .. 184, 519. 97 234 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1932 Maintenance: Operate 2 United States seagoing dredges along Manhattain water front from West Nineteenth Street to West Six- tieth Street for 6 dredge months (November, 1932-March, 1933)_ $135, 000. 00 Total for all work---- ------------- ----------------- 367, 345.25 It is expected that this work will complete about 80 per cent of the dredging necessary to widen the 40-foot channel, and maintain the Manhattan water-front channel at a depth sufficient for needs of navigation interests. Full project dimensions are needed in the main 40-foot section of this waterway, and maintenance dredging in other channels of this project is necessary. The sum of $226,000 can be profitably expended on this work during the fiscal year ending June 30, 1934, as follows: New work: Operate 1 United States seagoing dredge for 7 months in the main 40-foot section of channel (July, 1933-January, 1934) .. $157, 000 Maintenance: Operate 1 United States seagoing dredge for 3 months (March-May, 1934) ---------------------------- --------- 69,000 Total for all work---------... ---.-------- ------------- 226, 000 This work will complete the: widening of the 40-foot channel to project dimensions and maintain the Weehawken-Edgewater, Jersey City, and Manhattan water-front channels at sufficient depths for needs of navigation interests. Commercial statistics.-The commerce for the calendar year 1931 consisted mainly of nonmetaUic minerals, general cargo, vegetable food products, ores, metals and manufactures, animals and animal products, and wood and paper. Comparative statement Vessel traffic Vessel traffic Calendar Calendar year year Tons year Value Passengers Tons Value Passengers 1927. 46, 513, 584 $7, 836,387, 453 109, 471, 162 1930-..... 33, 172, 535 $5,,619, 073, 106 97, 841, 826 1928--I-- 40, 574, 180 7, 197,659, 224 109, 147, 045 1931-...... 128,102, 315 4, 607,085, 419 122, 457, 521 1929-j. 42, 883,702 6,329, 181,003 111, 415,802 1 In addition to the above tonnage figure, 277,185 tons of ashes, 61,630 tons of cellar dirt, 330 tons of refuse and 383,504 tons of garbage were shipped from this waterway and dtimped at sea and elsewhere. Exclusive of the following additional traffic: Car ferry Cargoes in transit Calendar year Tons Value Tons Value 1927...._____________________________ ______ 21, 581, 531 $6, 474, 459, 300 14, 714, 092 $322, 238, 614 1928.__________-____ ___________ ___ 22, 532, 886 6, 759, 865, 800 7, 706, 802 168, 778, 964 1929 ______ -______ ______ ____ __ 19, 759, 536 5, 927, 860, 800 12, 698, 160 278, 089, 704 1930___________________________________ _ 18, 392, 233 5, 517, 669, 900 8, 388, 224 183, 702, 106 1931_ --------------------------------- 16, 723, 321 5, 016, 996, 300 7, 334, 386 128, 351, 755 The lower tonnage and value figures for 1931 are due to the de- creased tonnages of general cargo, nonmetallic minerals, wood and paper, ores, metals and manufactures, automobiles and parts, and cotton, and to the revision of values. RIVERS AND HARBORS-FIRST NEW YORK. N. Y., DISTRICT 235 The commerce for 1931 was carried in vessels usually loaded to drafts of 4 to 40 feet. Cost and finanoial summary Cost of new work to June 30, 1932_ ----- ---------- $3, 344, 565. 26 Cost of maintenance to June 30, 1932 ---------------------- 1, 341, 402. 23 Total cost of permanent work to June 30, 1932----------4, 685, 967. 49 Plus accounts receivable June 30, 1962.---- --------------- .26 ,Minus Gross total costs to June 30, 1932 -------------------- accounts payable June 30, 1932_____ ____------ - - 4, 685, 967. 75 47, 825. 28 Net total expenditures______ ------------------- 4, 638,142.47 Unexpended balance June 30, 1932---------------- ---- 67, 345.25 Total amount appropriated to June 30, 1932___._____-. 4, 705, 487. 72 Fiscal year ending June 30 1928 1929 1930 1931 1932 Cost of new work- -____ - - .------- ---------- $5, 046. 63 - $419. 88 $399, 145. 37 Cost of maintenance.---- $49, 236. 23 253, 254. 12 $59, 481. 14 136, 049, 31 34, 511. 84 Total cost-------------- 49, 236. 23 258, 300. 75 59, 481. 14 136, 469. 19 433, 657. 21 Total expended--------------- . 54, 016. 38 253, 691.80 44, 362. 37 155, 902. 76 386, 551. 53 Allotted----- -- ---- ----------------- 28, 000.00 -12, 500.00 158, 000.00 390, 000.00 94,.000.00 Balance unexpended July 1, 1931------------------------- $359, 896. 78 Amount allotted from emergency construction act, approved Dec. 20, 1930_ $21,000.00 Amount allotted from War Department appropriation act approved Feb. 23, 1931---------------------90, 000. 00 111, 000. 00 . Amount to be accounted for--------------------------- 470, 896, 78 Deductions on account of revocation of allotment- _________-- 17, 000. 00 Net amount to be accounted for-----------------------453, 896. 78 Gross amount expended-------------- 393, 385.80 Less reimbursements collected--------------------- 6, 834. 27 386, 551. 53 Balance unexpended June 30, 1932__ ________------------------- 67, 345. 25 Outstanding liabilities June 30, 1932..----------------------- 47, 825.28 Balance available June 30, 1932---- ----------------- 19, 519. 97 Accounts receivable June 30, 1932----- ----------------------- .26 Unobligated balance available June 30, 1932-------------- 19, 520. 23 Amount allotted from War Department appropriation act ap- proved July 14, 1932.---------------------------- ------ 300, 000. 00 Balance available for fiscal year 1933------------------ 319, 520. 23 Amount (estimated) required to be appropriated for completion of ------ --- - existing project - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - ---- 1, 230, 500. 00 Amount that can be profitably expended in fiscal year ending June 30, 1934: For new work - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -- - - - - ----- 157, 000. 00 For maintenance --- ---------------------------------- 69, 000. 00 Total 1----- -------------- --- 226, 000. 00 ' Exclusive of available funds. 236 REPORT OF CHIEE OF ENGINEERS, U. S. AVRMY, 1932 :30. :iEW YORK HARBOR-OLLECTION iAND R EMOVAL OF DRIFT Location and description.-This project applies to the Lower and Upper Bays, New York Harbor;,Jamaica Bay, Bay Ridge, and Red Hook Channels, Gowanus Creek Channel, Buttermilk Channel, East River, Newtown Creek, Harlem River, and Hudson River Channel, N. Y.; and Staten Island Sound and Newark Bay, N. J. Original condition.--Priorto adoption of the project the waters referred to were obstructed by drift of various kinds allowed to escape from pier construction and demolition, from scows carrying refuse,: from abandoned and broken craft, floats,.etc., and from various other sources. Previous projects.-None. XisAting project.-This provides for the collection and removal of drift from New York Harbor and its tributary waters, and authorizes the Secretary of War to allot such amounts as may be necessary for the work from appropriations for maintenance and improvement of existing river and harbor works or other available appropriations, and that this work hereafter shall be carried as a separate and dis- tinct project. It is wholly a work of maintenance. The purpose of the work is to afford relief from variable conditions of obstruction, and no advance estimate of the amount of work required and its proper cost can be made. The project adopted by the river and harbor acts of March 4, 1915, and August 8, 1917, was modified by the river and harbor act of July 3, 1930, which provides for the method of allotting funds and for carrying this work as a separate and distinct project. Recommended modifications of project.--None. Local cooperation.--Nonerequired by law. Voluntary cooperation o several of the New York City departments has been asked for and given, in so far as they are able to assist, particularly in the line of prevention. Terminal facilities.-Describedin the separate reports covered. Operations and results during fiscal year.-Steam lighters Mani- sees and Rockaway and gasoline tug Astoria were assigned to the work of removing and disposing of drift when not employed on other work. There were removed and disposed of during the year 195,507 cubic feet (1,527 cords) of driftwood, ranging in size from small blocks up to timber of large dimensions, piles, pieces of wreckage, etc. The cost of this work was $49,114.19, all for maintenance. The expenditures amounted to $54,139.25. Condition at end of fiscal year.-The project is one of continuous maintenance for which no percentage of completion exists. Naviga- tion has been made safer by the removal of large quantities of drift material. Since the beginning of operations, May 21, 1915, there have been removed and disposed of, 5,020,729 cubic feet (39,224 cords) of drift material, at a total cost to June 30, 1932, of $659,- 448.16. The total expenditures amounted to $656,362.43. Proposed operations.--The balance unexpended at the end of the year, together with an allotment of $33,000, made during July, 1932, a total of $42,665.60, will be applied as follows: RIVERS AND HARBORS---FIRST NEW YORK, N. Y., DISTRICT 237 Accounts payable June 30, 193,2...---------- ---- $3, 085. 73 Maintenance: Continue the work of drift material removal by use of United States lighters (July, 1932-June, 1933) --------------- 39, 579. 87 Total------------------------------------------------- Total - -42, 665. 60 It is necessary for the safe navigation of vessels that the removal of drift material be carried on regularly. Therefore, the additional sum of $50,000 can be profitably expended in this work during the fiscal year ending June 30, 1934, by the operation of two United States lighters throughout the year. Cost and financial summary Cost of maintenance to June 30, 1932 -------- ------------ $659, 448. 16 Minus accounts payable June 30, 1932-------------------- 3, 085. 73 Net total expenditures------------------------------ 656, 362. 43 Unexpended balance June 30, 1932---------------------------- 9, 665. 60 Total amount appropriated to June 30, 1932 66, 028. 03 6-------------- Fiscal year ending June 30 1928 1929 1930 1931 1932 Cost of new work_.....-.- .. .... .. . -----... -- -- -- -- Cost of maintenance__. _------------------ $42, 733. 69 $42,422.57 $49,805.41 $70, 234. 01 $49, 114.19 Total expended..---...------------------45, 057.69 41, 338. 73 44, 962. 48 69,620. 26 54,139.25 Allotted-----........------------------------ 38,000. 00 42, 000.00 53,600.00 117,000.00 5, 000.00 Balance unexpended July 1, 1931---------------------------- $58, 804. 85 Amount allotted from emergency construction act, approved Dec. 20, 1930--------- ------------------------------------- 5, 000. 00 Amount to be accounted for- ------------------.-- - 63, 804. 85 (ross amount expended---.-- ----------------- $59, 139. 25 Less reimbursements collected----- ----------------- 5, 000. 00 54, 139.25 Balance unexpended June 30, 1932----------------------- 9, 665. 60 Outstanding liabilities June,30, 1932--------------- ------ 3, 085. 73 Balance available June 30, 1932- ----------------------- 6, 579. 87 Amount allotted from War Department appropriation act approved July 14, 1932--------------- 33,000. 00 Balance available for fiscal year 1933------------------ 39, 579.87 Amount that can be profitably expended in fiscal year ending June -- - -- - - - - -- -- - -- - -- - -- - -- -- - - 30, 1934 for maintenance -- - - 50, 000. 00 381. TARRYTOWN HARBOR, N. Y. Location and deasription.-This harbor extends along the east shore of Hudson River for a distance of about 1 mile below Kings- land Point, 29 miles above the Battery, New York City. The dis- tance to the 12-foot contour in the river from the pierheads varies between 1,600 feet and 2,200 feet. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Chart No. 281.) 1 Exclusive of available funds. 238 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1932 Original condition.-The maximum available depth at mean low water over flats extending out from the shore to deep water was about 6 feet, and the general depth over a considerable part of them was about 41/2 feet. Previousus projects.--None. Existing projeot.-This provides for a channel along the wharf front of the harbor 12 feet deep at mean low water and 150 feet wide, and northerly and southerly connections with deep water in Hudson River of the same depth and 100 feet wide; total length, about 5,700 feet. Mean tidal range, 3.1 feet; mean range of spring tides, 3.8 feet; extreme range due to wind and barometric pressure, 8.2 feet; irregular fluctuations are infrequent and do not materially affect navigation. The estimate of cost for new work, revised in 1926, is $56,000. The latest (1928) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $4,000. The existing project was adopted by the river and harbor act of March 3, 1905 (H. Doc. No. 283, 56th Cong., 1st sess., and Annual Report for 1900, p. 1520). The latest published maps are in the project document, and House Document No. 262, Seventy-second Congress, first session. Recommended modifications of project.-Under date of February 29, 1932, the Chief of Engineers recommended modification of the existing project so as to provide for widening the north and south entrance channels to 150 feet and for widening the channel along the wharf fronts to 250 feet, the depths of all channels to be 12 feet at mean low water, at an estimated cost of $7,600, with maintenance at an estimated rate- of $1,000 annually, in addition to that now required. (H. Doc. No. 262, 72d Cong., 1st sess.) Local cooperation.-None required by law. In lengthening piers and constructing ferry slips along the southern half of the water front under a permit issued by the War Department, the channel in this section previously dredged by the United States has been oblit- erated; in lieu thereof the permittee has excavated along the water front of the new construction without cost to the United States a channel of the same dimensions as that previously 'dredged by the United States. Terminal facilities.--Water terminals, seven in number, with avail- able dockage of 4,212 feet, are located along the water front of Tarrytown; one has railroad connection. Five, with available dock- age of 2,020 feet, are privately owned; one, with available dockage of 800 feet, is owned by a corporation; and one, with available dockage of 1,392 feet, is owned by the city. All consist of solid fill behind timber bulkheads, and two, with a total frontage of 100 feet, have ferry racks. The existing terminals are adequate for present commerce. (For further details see H. Doc. No. 652, 66th Cong., 2d sess., and H. Doe. No. 262, 72d Cong., 1st sess.) Operations and resudts during fiscal year.-The I. :S. pipe-line dredge De Witt Clinton was employed during August, 1931, remov- ing 53,506 cubic yards, place measurement, of sand and mud, at a cost of $13,170.91 for maintenance. The expenditures amounted to $13,170.91. RIVERS AND HARBORS-FIRST NEW YORK, N. Y., DISTRICT 239 Condition at end of flcal year.-The project was completed in 1928 at a saving of $5,146 under the estimated cost. The controlling depth at mean low water, as shown by an examination made in October, 1931, was 12 feet throughout the entire length of the project channel. The total cost of the existing project up to June 30, 1932, was $102,170.91, $50,853.43 for new work and $51,317.48 for main- tenance. The total expenditures amounted to $102,170.91. Proposed operations.-There are no funds available for this project. It is believed that dredging for maintenance will not be necessary during the next two years. Therefore, no funds can be profitably expended during the fiscal year ending June 30, 1934. Commercial statistics.-The commerce for the calendar year 1931 consisted mainly of building material, coal, fuel oil, and automobiles. Comparative statement Calendar Tons Value Passengers Calendar Tons Value Passengers 1927.-------- 230, 978 $23, 258, 845 341,059 1930 -_ - 305, 043 $7, 007, 149 434, 367 1928 ----- 325, 944 29, 768,108 396, 743 1931 ..... 1255, 672 12,181, 321 414, 525 1929 .-------- 380, 114 22, 013, 331 693, 572 In addition to the above tonnage figures, 650 tons of refuse were shipped from this waterway and disposed of at sea. The higher average per ton value for 1931 is due to: (a) Increased shipments of autos, and (b) decreased receipts of crushed stone. The commerce for 1931 was carried in vessels usually loaded to drafts of 5 to 14 feet. Cost and financial summary Cost of new work to June 30, 1932__-- --- _______---------- $50, 853. 43 Cost of maintenance to June 30, 1932------------------------- 51, 317. 48 Total cost of permanent work to June 30, 1932____------- - 102, 170. 91 _-----________ Net total expenditures ---- ------------ 102, 170. 91 Total amount appropriated to June 30, 1932-------------------102, 170. 91 Fiscal year ending June 30 1928 1929 1930 1931 1932 Cost of new work.....--------------------. $21, 542. 40 .- ------------ Cost of maintenance- . . 17, 173. 00 .____-----------. $83. 91 $57. 17 $14. 73 $13, 170.91 Total cost.........------------------...........-----... 38, 715. 40 83. 91 57. 17 14. 73 13,170. 91 Total expended....... 38, 747. 11 .........----------------- 9.90 127. 13 17. 44 13,170.91 Allotted.............--------------.......------------------- ------------ ------------------------ 13,170.91 Amount allotted from emergency construction act approved Dec. 20, 1930----------- ------------------------------------- $15, 000. 00 Deductions on account of revocation of allotment-------------- 1, 829.09 Net amount to be accounted for------------------------ 13, 170.91 Gross amount expended----- ------------------------ 13, 170. 91 140960--ENG 1932-16 240 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1932 32. PEEKSKILL IHAURBOR, N. Y; The project was; completed in ,$l99 at a saving of $30,60 dPt4r the estimated cost. The expenditur s during te year amoutq< to: $8905, applied to maintenance contingencies. No funs axe available and no work. is proposed during the fiscal years 1933 and 1934. For further details, see Annual Report for 1931, page 265. Commercial statistics.-The commerce for the calendar year 1931 consisted mainly of road building material, molasses, coal and coke, refined oils, yeast, and fuel and gas oil. Comparative statement Calendar Tons Value Passengers Calendar Tons Value Passengers year year 1927..--_.... 110, 384 $15, 736, 764 (1) 1930....... 92, 907 $6, 676, 124 None. 1928........ 100, 361 13, 789, 591 1, 908 1931-....... 280,599 7, 513, 484 None. 1929-- 90, 239 ---........ 9, 481, 962 3, 940 1 Excursion steamers did not use Peekskill on account of insufficient depth of water, due to shoaling in the ghannel. The lower average per ton value and the increased tonnage figure for 1931 are due to increased tonnages of crushed stone and sand and gravel. The commerce for 1931 was carried in vessels usually loaded to drafts of 5 to 14 feet. Cost and financial summary Cost of new work to June 30, 1932- -__-_-_--_-_----_ --- $19, 400. 00 Cost of maintenance to June 30, 1932-----_---_------------- --- 36, 771. 99 Total cost of permanent work to June 30, 19382 - .-.---- 56, 171. 99 Net total expenditures------------------ ------------- --- 56, 17199 Total amount appropriated to June 30, 1932_-- -_____- --- 56, 171. 99 Fiscal year ending June 30 1928 1929 1930 1931 1932 Cost of new work-------------------------------------------------------------- - Cost of maintenance ------------------ $18, 952. 93 $87. 70 $269. 54 $168. 38 $52. 15 Total expended...---------------------- 18, 985. 03 32. 11 222.86 236. 11 89. 06 Allotted-....----- ------ ---------- ------------ ------------------ -----. -3,378.01 Balance unexpended July 1, 1931-- ---------- ---- $3, 467. 06 Deductions on account of revocation of allotment-__------------- 3, 378.01 Net amount to be accounted for---- ---------- __- __ 89. 05 Gross amount expended ---------------------- $108.12 Less reimbursements collected --------------------- - 19.07 89.05 33. WAPPINGER CREEK, N. Y. The project was completed in 1892. The expenditures during the year amounted to $112.72, applied to maintenance contingenis. No funds are available, and no work is proposed during the fiscal years RIVERS AND HARBORS--FIRST NEW YORK, N. Y., DISTRICT 241 1933 and 1934. For further details, see Annual Report for 1931, page 267. Commteroial statistics.--No commerce reported. Comparative statement Calendar year Tons Value Calendar year Tons Value 1927------.. ----....--- 17, 353 $3,665, 222 1930---------------------12, 668 $130,100 1928 --------------------- 12,843 303, 763 1931---------------------(1) () 1929 ---------------------- 9, 206 94, 546 1No commerce reported. Cost and fnanoial swmary Cost of new work to June 30, 1932---------------- ---------- $13, 000. 00 Cost of maintenance to June 30, 1932--.-- ---------- ------- 28, 332. 02 Total cost of permanent work ta June 30, 1932_-------- 41,332. 02 Net total expenditures-----------------------------------41, 332. 02 Total amount appropriated to June 30, 1932 ---- _--- -_-- - 41, 332. 02 Fiscal year ending June 30 1928 1929 1930 1931 1932 Cost of new work__- - Cost of maintenance---------------------- I- - - --------- $53.35 . $104.48 $8, 176.04 $376.67 -- $27. 12 Total expended-------------------------- 100. 00 37. 16 8, 172. 34 362.09 112. 72 Allotted------.------------------------- 200.00 -------- . 9, 900.00------.-- -1, 417.98 Balance unexpended July 1, 1931----------------------- -- $1, 530. 70 Deductions on account of revocation of allotment----1------------- ,417. 98 Net amount to be accounted for_ -------- __- __ --- 112. 72 Gross amount expended-------------------------------- $133. 91 Less reimbursements collected------ __----------_ 21.19 112. 72 34. RONDOUT HARBOR, N. Y. The project has been regarded as completed since 1880. Part of the dike originally proposed was not completed because deemed of doubtful usefulness. No funds are available. No work was done during the fiscal year, and none is proposed during the fiscal years 1933 and 1934. For further details, see Annual Report for 1931, page 269. omnmercial statistics.--The commerce for the calendar year 1931 consisted of refined oils, coal, fuel and gas oil, crushed stone, pe- troleum and petroleum products, and lumber. Comparative statement Calendar Tons Value Passengers Calendar Tons Value Passengers year year 1927---.....--- 306, 036 $7, 586, 400 () 1930........223,761 $6, 770,058 None. 1928........ 210, 742 3,924, 261 (1) 1931........203,864 3, 282, 787 None. 1929........ 210, 977 5, 690, 592 1, 490 I No statistics available. 242 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1932 The decreased tonnage figure for 1931 is due to decreased ship- ments of coal. The lower average per-ton value is due to revision of values. The commerce for 1931 was carried in vessels usually loaded to drafts of 5 to 14 feet. Cost and financial summary Cost of new work to June 30, 1932--__- ----.. __------ ___- $90, 000. 00 Cost of maintenance to June 30, 1932__ ___------------------------- 131, 075. 82 Total cost of permanent work to June 30, 1932------------221, 075. 82 Net total expenditures-.... -------------------------------- 221, 075. 82 Total amount appropriated to June 30, 1932 ________--221, 075. 82 Fiscal year ending June 30 1928 1929 1930 1931 1932 Cost of new work ........ - -.. .- Cost of maintenance...................---------------------.. $540. 13 - - - ....------------..---------- - .- $1, 593. 21 -. - . Total expended-__------------------------- 434. 62 $105. 51 ...----- 1, 593. 21 -- Allotted---....................------------.........------------1, 674. 18 ------------------ -- 2,200.00 $-1,000. 00 Balance unexpended July 1, 1931-------------- --------------- 1, 000. 00 Deductions on account of revocation of allotment ___--1,,000. 00 35. SAUGERTIES HARBOR, N. Y. The existing project has been considered completed since the com- pletion of the channel excavation in 1913, although the shore ex- tension of the south dike included in the project has not been built, because the freshets since the completion of the Ashokan Dam on Esopus Creek, appear to have been reduced to a point where they have no effect in scouring the channel. The expenditures during the fiscal year in payment of accounts payable amounted to $50.98. The balance unexpended, $51.45, will be applied to maintenance contingencies. No further work is proposed during the fiscal years 1933 and 1934. For further details, see Annual Report for 1931, page 272. Commercial statistics.-The commerce for the calendar year 1931 consisted mainly of building material, general cargo, bituminous coal, gasoline, petroleum and petroleum products, clay, and lumber. Comparative statement Calendar year Tons Value Passengers Calendar alyedar Tons Value Passengers 1927----.... 46, 504 $3, 475, 697 14, 400 1930 -- - - 33, 802 $4, 404, 078 8, 990 1928-------- 38,940 4, 433, 581 11,778 1931____- - 60, 887 2,976, 544 2, 886 1929--------- 43, 639 5,603,646 9, 295 The lower average per ton value for 1931 is due to: (a) Increased receipts of crushed stone, and (b) decreased shipments of general cargo. The commerce for 1931 was carried in vessels usually loaded to drafts of 5 to 14 feet. RIVWBS AND HARBORS--FIRST NEW YORK, N. Y., DISTRICT 243 Cost and financial summary Cost of new work to June 30, 1932 ------- $81,904.91 Cost of maintenance to June 30, 1932----------------------- 76, 293. 64 Total cost of permanent work to June 30, 1932----------- 58, 198. 55 Net total expenditures _____ - - ________ -- 158, 198. 55 Unexpended balance June 30, 1932_ - ----- 51. 45 Total amount appropriated to June 30, 1932_- -------- 158,250. 00 Fiscal year ending June 30 1928 1929 1930 1931 1932 Cost of new work-------............------------ ----- ---------------------- ------------ Cost of maintenance....--....... $1, 926.62 $12,261.88 ......-------------- $36.82 $66. 36 _.......... Total expended.....------------------------ 5, 806. 32 12, 737. 54 36.82 15.38 $50. 98 Allotted......---------------------------------------------------.................... ....... -500.00........... .... ........------- Balance unexpended July 1, 1931 ---- 43 $----------------- Gross amount expended -------------------- ----------- _---- 50.98 -- Balance unexpended June 30, 1932----_------ ___- 51.45 36. HUDSON RIVER, N. Y. Location and description.--This river has its source in the Adiron- dack Mountains, about 250 miles in a direct line and 315 miles following its course to the Battery, New York City, and flows in a generally southerly direction into New York Bay. The section under improvement extends from New York City to Waterford, a distance of about 144 miles. The river is tidal to the Federal dam at Troy, N. Y., 153 miles north of the Battery. Above the dam the drainage area is about 8,100 square miles and is in general mountainous and wooded. The fall in the upper portion is very rapid. The discharge varies within wide limits; the low-water discharge is generally as- sumed at about 2,000 second-feet, but discharges as low as 1,500 sec- ond-feet and as high as 240,000 second-feet have been observed; the latter discharge occurred March 28, 1913, and raised the river to an elevation of 23.5 feet above "lowest low water" at Albany, N. Y., and 31.6 feet above the same plane at the dam at Troy, N. Y. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Charts Nos. 283 and 284.) Osiginal condition.--After partial improvement by the State of New York there was a narrow and crooked channel between banks 650 to 3,000 feet apart, with a navigable depth at mean low water varying from 31/2 to 11 feet between Waterford and Coxsackie, and of 12 feet and more between Coxsackie and Hudson. From Hudson to New York a natural depth of 25 feet and more existed, except over a few shoals. The river above Hudson was obstructed by sand bars, making the channel tortuous and unstable, and navigable by small, shallow-draft vessels only. The head of boat navigation was origi- nally at Waterford, and of logging navigation near the headwaters. The navigable length, commencing at the Battery, was about 155 miles. Later the river became the southern and eastern outlet for the Champlain and Erie Canals, connecting with the Champlain Canal at Waterford in a pool formed by adam built by the State of New York about 1823 at Troy, and with the Erie Canal opposite 244 REPORT OF CHIEFF O ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 19 L2 Troy and at Albany. In 1831 the mean range of tides was reported as follows: Troy, 1.09 feet; Albany, 2.09 feet; Castleton, 1.7 feet; and New Baltimore, 2.83 feet. Preio s projets.--The improvement was commenced by the State of New York in 1797. The original project for improvement by the United States was adopted in 1834 and modified in 1852 and 1866. From 1834 to 1892 the improvement was carried on by the State of New York in conjunction with the Federal Government, and the actual control was only settled by the courts, the United States as- suming legal control in 1891. The cost of all work under this project was $1,667,938. (A. R. 1911, p. 171.) A second project was adopted July 13, 1892, and modified in 1899. The cost of the work under this project was $3,444,655.50 for new work, including $48,432.37 for work in other localities referred to in the Annual Report for 1911, page 171, and $346,797.08 for mainte- nance, a total cost of $3,791,452.58. The total cost of work under all previous projects was $5,459,390.58--$5,112,593.50 for new work and 346,707.08 for maintenance. The total expenditures prior to com- mencing work under the existing project :in 1910 amounted to $5,459,390.58. E&isting project.-This provides for a channel 27 feet deep at mean low water and 300 ,feet, wi e. lp to IHudson; thence 400 feet wide through rock cuts, and 300 feet wide elsewhere, from Hudson to the Albany.Greenbush Bridge in Albany; thence a channel 12 feet deep :a lowest low water ;to aterford, with a general width ,of 400 feet to .the dam at Troy and 200 feet t nce to Waterford, increased at bends and widened, to form harbors in front of the cities of Troy and. Aibany; iand repowal p the Stat dam !at Troy and the: con- p f a lock and dam about 2Y piles below Waterford. struc ion lTheiflowingi table contains information concerning the various features of the lock nd dam included in the existing project: Location : Beoqw Waterford .....------ - .. - .-- ..--. -miles.. 2.5 Above, Battery, N. Y.....---------- -------- ,---------do.... 152. 5 Lock: Clear width- .----- ..----------. .. ----- fet 44.44 Greatest length available for full width-----------------do--. 492.5 Lift at lowest stages ..------------------ ----------- do. 16.3 Depth oa:miter sills at lowest low water-- Upper-,---.-----------------------------------do-. 16. 3 Lower-_-- --------------------------- -- do.... 14. O0 Character of foundation: Rock. Kind of dam: Fixed. Type of construction: Concrete. Completed: 1917. Cost: $1,463,014.07. The channel is to be formed by dredging and rock excavation, and to be maintained by dredging and by constructing new and raising and repairing old longitudinal dikes, built partly under previous projects and partly by the State of New York. The mean range of tides at the dam in seasons of moderate rains was about 2.55 feet, as determined in 1903. At Broadway, Troy, the range was about 3 feet and at Albany about 3.3 feet, as determined in 1920. At New Balti- more it was about 3.2 feet, at Coxsackie about 3.5 feet, and at Hudson about 4 feet. The lowest low-water plane of the pool above the Federal dam at Troy to Waterford is 14.33 feet above mean sea level RIVERS AND HARBORS---FIRST NEW YORK, N. Y., DISTRICT 245 at Sandy' Hook, N. J. In the tidal section of the river below the dam the assumed lowest low-water plane from Troy to Albany is 2 feet below mean sea level at Sandy Hook, N. J. In a measure, as the channels above Hudson are improved, the range of tide increases and the low-water plane falls. The estimated cost for new work, revised in 1931, is $13,830,000, exclusive of amounts expended on previous projects. The latest (1930) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $316,000. The existing project was authorized by the following river and harbor acts: The act of June 25, 1910, provided for the 12-foot chan- nel and for the lock and dam at Troy (H. Doec. No. 719, 61st Cong., 2d sess.) ; the act of March 3, 1925, provided for the 27-foot channel from Hudson to Albany (H. Doc. No. 350, 68th Cong., 1st sess.); and the act of July 3, 1930, provided for the 27-foot channel below Hudson, N. Y. (H. Doc. No. 210, 70th Cong., 1st sess.). For maps showing part of the projected work see House Documents Nos. 719, Sixty-first Congress, second session; 350, Sixty-eighth Congress, first session; and 210, Seventieth Congress, first session. Recommended iiodifleations of projet.-None. Local cooperation.-The extent of the local cooperation by the existing project (H. Doc. No. 719, 61st Cong., 2d sess.) was: .required '() That the existing water-power rights and privileges granted to certain manufacturing interests by the State: f New York in contiec- tion with the State dam at Troy be extinguished; (b) that the city of Troy aid in the harbor improvement at that point by securing the expenditure of approximately $420,559 in constructing and main- taining public docks and warehouses, and by preventing refuse from passing into the channel from its sewer system or from creeks, and by removing any such deposits it made within its corporate limits; (o) that the city of Albany aid in harbor improvements at its water front, expending approximately $105,000 for improving its termi- nal structures and facilities along its harbor front. The New York State Canal Board complied with the, first condition by its resolu- tion, dated November 22, 1910, extinguishing existing water-power rights and privileges. The abandonment of the State dam at Troy by the State automatically extinguished the leases for water power developed at this dam. The cooperation required from the city of Troy has been complied with) about 6,600 linear feet of new docks have been constructed. The installation of modern transfer facili- ties is contemplated. The State authorities have built a canal ter- minal at Troy, have purchased a site for another terminal at Troy, and have constructed a new terminal at Cohoes. The cooperation required from the city of Albany has been amply complied with by a comprehensive scheme of water-front improvement, now com- pleted, which includes a canal terminal built by the State of New York. The canal terminals constructed at Troy and Albany have cost to date about $650,000. The river and harbor act of March 3, 1925 (H. Doc. No. 350, 68th Cong., 1st sess.), provides that local interest shall- (a) Provide, without expense to the United States, dumping grounds for dredged material when these must be purchased. (b) Organize an agency to design, construct, and operate suitable terminals, and to promote the actual transfer of freight between ship and rait at such terminals. 246 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1932 (c) Before any Federal funds are expended on channel improvement, make provisions satisfactory to the Chief of Engineers and the Secretary of War for the construction of terminals, providing, exclusive of pier ends, 3,600 feet of berthage, of which not less than 600 feet shall be designed and equipped for the economical handling of lumber; supporting warehouses, one of which shall be cold storage; a grain elevator capable of handling 1,000,000 tons of grain per season; and a publicly controlled belt-line railroad connecting the terminals with all railroads entering the capital district. In complying with these provisions, condition (b) has beer ful- filled by the creation of an Albany port district, and the appointment by the Governor of the State of New York of a commission consist- ing of five members, known as the Albany Port District Commission, under authority of an act of the State legislature approved March 25, 1925. (Ch. 192, Laws of New York.) The commission is empowered by the said act with authority over the survey, development, control, and operation of port facilities and the coordination of same with existingor future agencies of trans- portation; to issue certificates of indebtedness; to formulate ,and adopt a financial building and operation program; determine upon the location, size, and construction of requisite port facilities subject to the approval of the Secretary of War and Chief of Engineers, United States Army; lease eect, construct, make, equip, and main- tain port facilities in the district, and for such purposes to acquire real property, including easements therein, lands under water and riparian rights by agreement or condemnation; contract with any municipality in the district for the construction by the municipality of. one or more docks, wharves, terminals, or warehouses to belong to the municipality and be maintained by it; execute contracts and issue and sell obligations of the port district; fix rates, charges, and wharf- ages for all port facilities and collect rates, charges, and wharf- ages for such facilities owned by the district; operate and maintain all port facilities owned by it; regulate and supervise the construc- tion and operation of all port facilities; expend money appropriated by the State, if any, for the. purpose of this act; create and maintain a traffic bureau; employ such clerical, engineering, legal, or other professional assistance as it may deem necessary; and to do all things necessary to make the deeper Hudson project useful and productive. To meet condition (a), the commission, by resolution adopted July 13, 1925, obligated themselves to provide, without expense to the United States, dumping grounds for dredged material when these must be purchased. The commission to date has provided 67.47 acres of upland on the east side of the river at Van Wies Point, 147.25 acres on the lower end of Upper Schodack Island, and 195.83 acres on the upper end of Lower Schodack Island, 123 acres on Campbell Island, 57 acres on the west side of the river at Cedar Hill, 21 acres on the west side of the river just south of Coeymans, 210 acres on Houghtailing Island, and 160 acres on Bronks Island. In compliance with the requirements of condition (c), the com- mission has by resolution of October 1, 1926, bound itself to build a belt-line railroad and railway connection to meet the Delaware & Hudson and the New York Central Railroads, and to provide at some future date, if required by the Chief of Engineers and the Sec- retary of War, direct connection with the Boston & Maine Railroad, RIVERS AND HARBORS-FIRST NEW YORK, N. Y., DISTRICT 247 and has submitted plans of the proposed terminal developments. All plans and resolutions submitted by the commission were ap- proved by the Secretary of War October 6, 1926, as satisfactorily meeting the conditions of local cooperation, with the understanding that the continued prosecution of the work by the Government will be dependent upon the Port District Commission making satisfactory progress with the work which it has obligated itself to do. The commission is making rapid progress in the construction of terminals at Westerlo Island in Albany and along the water front of the city of Rensselaer. The following work of construction has been completed: 3,500 linear feet of dock wall, consisting of a timber substructure and concrete superstructure, 1,716,212 cubic yards of material dredged in deepening and widening the channel have been placed for fill, 20,271 cubic yards of broken rock placed for slope protection, a transit shed of 60,000 square feet floor space, 30,000 linear feet of railroad track, water mains, sanitary and storm sewers, 4,000 linear feet of concrete highway, Warehouse "A" of 10,800 square feet, equipment house, transit shed No. 2 of 96,000 square feet floor space and 300 feet of dock extension are all 100 per cent completed, the 13,000,000-bushel grain elevator is 94 per cent completed, and the contract for 40,000 linear feet of railroad track for yard is 90 per cent completed, at Westerlo Island; and 600 linear feet of dock wall, consisting of a timber substructure and concrete superstructure, 418,668 cubic yards of material dredged in deepening and widening the channel have been placed for fill, 4,655 cubic yards of broken rock placed for slope protection, 1,300 linear feet of rail- road tracks, 3,600 linear feet of concrete street for the relocation of Riverside Avenue, 18,000 square yards of pavement for lumber terminal, equipment house, lumber shed 50 by 140 feet, and a contract for excavating a turning basin, Car ferry slip, and for future exten- sion of docks are all 100 per cent completed; and a contract for 6 cargo masts is 99 per cent completed, on the Rensselaer side of the river. The river has been under improvement since 1797. The State of New York carried on this work exclusively until 1831, and in con- junction with the United States until 1892, when its cooperation ceased. From 1797 to 1892 the State expended in building dikes and dredging $1,279,749 and $263,462.63 in connection with the State lock and dam at Troy and the canal basin at Albany. There was also considerable work done by local interests and navigation companies, but its cost is not known. Terminal facilities.--The piers and other terminal or transfer facilities served by the improvement are as follows: Between Waterford and the Federal dam at Troy there are 14 timber wharves with solid fill in the rear, aggregating approximately 5,000 feet in length, all privately owned. The State of New York has constructed a barge-canal terminal at Cohoes. The Ford Motor Co. has constructed a dock 325 feet long on the west side of the river just north of the Federal dam. Privately owned wharves consisting of timber bulkheads with solid fill in the rear, and at many places equipped with transfer facilities, extend practically the entire length of the water front of the city of Troy, approximately 7,350 feet in length. The city of Troy has 248 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1932 completed the reconstruction of approximately 6,600 feet of these wharves, leaving 750 linear feet of old timber docks in place. Many of these docks are but little used; those needed will be reconstructed in the near future. It is proposed to equip the new wharves with modern transfer facilities. At Adams Street, Troy, the State of New York has constructed a concrete barge-canal terminal 970 feet in length, equipped with light derricks, a traveling crane, and store- houses. The State also proposes to construct an additional terminal just south of the site formerly occupied by the old State dam, when needed. At the United States arsenal, at Watervliet, there is a stone bulk- head 800 feet long with solid fill in the rear. Between this point and Albany there are five timber wharves, aggregating 4,275 feet in length, all privately owned. At Albany there are, exclusive of the wharves being provided by the Albany Port District Commission, approximately 10,300 linear feet of timber wharves, all privately owned. The State of New York has constructed a barge-canal terminal 1,400 feet in length, and the city of Albany has constructed concrete wharves 3,200 feet in length, which are leased to the various transportation companies. The Albany Port District Commission has constructed a concrete wharf 3800 feet in length at Westerlo Island. At Island Creek (South Albany) the Delaware & Hudson Railroad Co. owns approxi- mately 3,100 feet of timber wharves, which are free to railroad ship- pers. On Westerlo Island, south of Albany, the Standard Oil Co. of New York has constructed a concrete dock 466 feet in length, which is used for the transfer of their products. At Rensselaer there are approximately 1,350 feet of timber wharves, all privately owned. The Albany Port District Commis- sion has constructed a concrete wharf 600 feet in length to be used as a lumber terminal. The various oil companies which have located south of Rensselaer contemplate the construction of suitable wharves for the transfer of petroleum products. Between Albany and Hudson there are about 100 timber wharves, aggregating 36,700 feet in length, all privately owned. At Hudson there are 12 timber wharves, aggregating 5,000 feet in length, all privately owned. At Athens there are nine timber wharves, aggregating approxi- mately 4,000 feet, all privately owned. It is expected that existing wharves and those proposed will be ample for the Hudson River traffic. (For further details see H. Doc. No. 652, 66th Cong., 2d sess.) Effect of improvement.--The through waterway formed by the Hudson River and the New York State canals has in the past tended to determine through freight rates from the Middle West and Canada to the Atlantic and Gulf ports, but it is doubtful if its effect under existing conditions is very great. The improvement made prior to the adoption of the existing enlarged project has resulted in con- siderably increased navigation facilities. Active work of excavat- ing the channel of 27-foot depth is in progress; and there is now available a through channel with a least depth of 27 feet and navi- gable width. Steamships drawing 25 feet have navigated the new channel. RIVERS AND HARBORS-FIRST NEW YORK, N. Y., DISTRICT 249 Operations and results during fiscal year.-Contract operations in connection with the deepening of the channel to 27 feet at mean low water in the vicinity of Van Wies Point Mulls, and Matthews Point resulted in the removal of 118,391 cubic yards of soft material, 218,658 cubic yards of rock, and in drilling and blasting 11,237 cubic yards of rock from 1.5 miles of channel, at a cost of $484,516.52, for new work. Surveys were made in connection with the completion of the deep- ening of the channel at North Germantown at a cost of $524.70, for new work. Surveys were made for additional dredging in widening the channel at bends at a cost of $602.64, for new work. By the use of lighter Hudson River No. 16 there were removed from a shoal which had formed in the channel south of the dam at Troy 2,438 cubic yards of material, at a cost of $4,689.91, for maintenance. By the use of Government plant and hired labor major repairs were made to Papscanee Dike, Schermerhorn Island Dike, Cow Island Dike, Castleton Dike, and Mulls Timber Dike, and minor repairs to other dikes, at a cost of $80,809.40, for maintenance. The cost of general engineering and contingencies was $11,676.61 for new work and $21,017.39 for maintenance, a total of $32,694. The total cost of all work was $603,837.17-$497,320.47 for new work and $106,516.70 for maintenance. The expenditures amounted to $892,269.07. Condition at end of fiscal year.-About 85 per cent of the existing project has been completed. This includes the following items: Troy lock and dam, removal of old dam at Troy, and construction of new dikes so far as authorized at present. Under this latter item 15,545 linear feet of new diking have been constructed. In the re- construction of' old dikes 39,672 linear feet have been raised to the adopted crest height. The work of deepening and widening the channel under the project of 1910 has been completed with the excep- tion of a small part of the widening to form harbors at Albany and Troy; it is not deemed necessary to complete this widening for the present. The work of deepening the channel south of Albany to 27 feet at mean low water has resulted in the removal of soft material from 150,000 linear feet of channel, rock and overlying material from 6,000 linear feet of channel, and rock and overlying material from one-half width of the channel for a distance of 6,000 feet. The ruling depths at mean low water and widths of the existing channel at North Germantown and at Heath and from Hudson to Waterford on June 30, 1932, were as follows: Locality Dep Width Localpth idth Locality(feet) (feet) Locality(feet) (feet) North Germantown------------- 27.0 300 One thousand feet north of Van Heath-----.... ----- 27. 0 300 Wies Point Light to Albany.... 27. 0 300 Hudson to Coxsackie---------............. 27.0 200 Albany to the Delaware & Hud- Coxsackie to North Coeymans.... 27.0 300 son Bridge at Troy..........-._13.0 400 Over Mulls Rocks__ 27.0 400 Delaware & Hudson Bridge to Mulls Rocks to Bear Island...... 27.0 300 Dam at Troy-................... 0 110 Bear Island to 1,000 feet north of Troy Dam to Waterford.......... 12.0 200 Van Wies Point Light.......... 27.0 200 2 250 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, TU. S. ARMY, 1932 The navigable widths through the draw of movable bridges span- ning the river, measured on a line normal to the channel, are as follows: Feet Greenbush Bridge, Albany _ _-_ - ___----__ -- 160 New York Central passenger bridge, Albany--------------------------90 New York Central freight bridge, Albany ___ -___________- ____-_ 90 Congress Street Bridge, Troy ------------------------------------ 180 Delaware & Hudson Bridge, Troy ---------------------------------- 45 Cohoes-Lansingburg, Troy (bascule span) --------------------------- 200 The following table of monthly averages of daily tide readings at Albany, N. Y., indicates stages above datum plane that may be expected at different seasons. [Datum=L. L. W.=--2.0 M. S. L.=-1.25 M. L. W.] Year Tide Jan. Feb. Mar. Apr. May June July Aug. Sept. Oct. Nov. Dec. 1922High.... 4.57 5.34 7.38 9.66 6.39 7.15 6.07 5.69 5.54 5.36 5.15 4.80 1922.............Low 2.... 2. 61 3.71 5.99 8.63 3.72 4.61 2.80 2..30 2.08 1.97 1.81 2.17 1023 -JfHigh .... 1923... iLow... 5. 08 3. 51 4. 70 2.73 6. 43 8. 61 6. 66 5.57 4. 89 7.30 4.22 2.13 5.34 1.84 5. 29 1.82 5.28 1.93 5.38 5.72 1.98 2.53 6. 59 4.31 1924 fHigh.... _6. 06 5.04 5.79, 8.53 8.03 5.67 5.36 5.40 5.59 5.86 5.39 4. 79 Low_.... 4. 51 2. 98 3. 83 7.72 6.36 2. 22 1.85 1.96 2.32 2.55 2.01 2.15 1925 -....... -Hgh - . ... 4.56 Low_.... 2, 32 7.25 5.80 7.69 7.04 -6.07 6.56 5.26 3.32 2.41 5.67 5.64 2.92 5.62 2.25 5.80 2.54- 5.67 6.73 2.86 4.81 5.76 3..51 1926 --- .High.:_. 4.88 .02 5.77 8. 48 6. 52 5. 78 5. 54 5.65 5.65 5. 08 6.46 5.02 Low... .07 3. :.25 4.42, 7,29 4,16 2. 46 2.00 2.15 2.30 2. 86 4.26 3.16 High.. 1927 4. 73 5.'67 7.50 6. 10 6. 41 i5.72 5.57 5.68 5.70 6. 07 7. 32 7. 30 927 - -Low ..... 2.94° 4.18 43.73 6.15 l'&.55i 2.18 1.79 2.05 2.12 2.84 5.01 5.64 1928, fHigh .... 5. 01 5. 57 5. 99 7.53 6. 57 6. 38 6.17 6. 95 5. 77 5..36 5.12 5. 07 Low.... 4.50 4.21 3. 96 5.86 4.01 3. 25 2. 81 2.47 2.12 1.76 1.60 1.61 5.87 5.55 5.39 5.51 5.38 5.56 5.14 1929. ---- . High.... Low_.... 2.4.69 62 4.94 2. 75 7.571 7.31 6.86 5. 97 8.65 4. 66 2.13 1.72 1.42 1.54 1.38 1.44 1.79 1930-.. .- gh._. 5.82 5.36 X6.18 5.88 ;5.64 5.79 5.61 5.67 5.63 5. 55 5. 28 5.13 Low 3.32 _.... 2.51 2.83 2.23 1.39 1.41 1.07 1.01 0.99 1.00 0.77 0.83 1931 High... 4. 52 4.60 5.89 6. 17 6.03 6:34 5.94 5.88 5.67 5.54 5. 52 Low ... .1.0 1.20 1..84'2.73 ,1.78 L38 1.88 1.16 1.25 1.21 1.15 1.45 The deepenixg:and widening of the channel under the project of 1892 and existing project have caused an increase in the mean tidal range of the upper portion of the river, extending from Troy to about New Baltimore. The, mean range at Albany, as determined in 1910, was 2.9 feet, being approximately 0.6 foot greater than the range previous to the adoption of the project of 1892, which pro- vided for a channel from Coxsackie to the State dam at Troy 12 feet deep at mean low water, equivalent to about 8.9 feet at lowest low water, present datum plane. From recent observations the present range at Albany is about 4.4 feet, showing an increase of about 1.5 feet, due to the work which has already been completed under the existing project. The navigation season extends usually from about March 15 to December 15; during the remainder of the year the river is closed by ice. Dike construction since the first improvement was begun by the State of New York has resulted in the construction of longitudinal dikes on both sides of the river between Troy and Stuyvesant, a dis- tance of about 24 miles, nearly continuous, except where the fixed character of the shores made them unnecessary. Between Stuyvesant and Hudson longitudinal dikes have been constructed at Fordham Point and Stockport. The channel of 12 feet depth at lowest low RrIVEa AND HARBORS-FIRST NEW YORK, N. Y., DISTRICT 25k water to Waterford has greatly benefited navigation by the class of vessels now operating on the New York State Barge Canal. The channel of 27-foot depth at mean low water to Albany has permitted ocean-going vessels to deliver cargoes at the newly created port of Albany. At Troy tows pass the lock in less than one-sixth of the time required at the old lock. The maximum depth available at mean low water is 27 feet with a least width of about 200 feet below Albany, and 13.0 feet with a least width of 400 feet between Albany and Troy. The work remaining to be done to complete the project consists in a small amount of channel widening to complete the work of forming harbors at Troy and Albany, completing repairs to dikes, and completing the excavating of a channel 27 feet deep at mean low water at Kingston Point and from Hudson to the Albany Greenbush Bridge at Albany, now about 80 per cent completed. Total costs under the existing project were construction of lock and dam at Troy, $1,463,014.07; removal of old State dam and exca- vation of entrance channels to new lock, $507,246.23; construction of fender cribs at entrances to new lock, $77,627.62; dredging and rock removal, $4,138,493.61; dredging, $4,378,799.31; construction of dikes, $671,235.13; engineering and contingencies, $571,143.25, a total of $11,807,559.22 for new work; dredging, $622,187.27; repairs to dikes, $769,931; engineering and contingencies, $134;480.75, a total of $1,526,599.02 for maintenance; and a grand total of $13,334,158.24. The total expenditures under the new project amounted to $13,735,660.74. Proposed operations.-Thebalance unexpended, including accounts receivable at the end of the year, together with an allotment of $200,000 made during July, 1932, a total of $726,036.21, will be applied as follows: Accounts payable June 30, 1932_ --- -- -- New work: _ ___-- - -- $98,031.02 Complete by June 30, 1933, by dredging and rock removal, under a continuing contract in force, the excavation of a channel of project dimen- sions between Dominies Hook and Bear Island. Estimated expenditures to complete --------- $348, 000. 00 Complete by Dec. 1, 1932, by dredging, under a contract to be entered into or by the use of Government plant and the hire of labor, the widening of the channel at bends, as follows-- Opposite Kingston Point, 120,000 cubic yards, estimated cost of__ $24, 500. 00 Opposite Priming Hook, 150,000 cubic yards, estimated cost of__ 30, 500. 00 Opposite Stuyvesant Lighthouse, 200,000 cubic yards, estimated cost of------- ------------ 42,200.00 Opposite West Dike, 170.000 cubic yards, estimated cost of-..------36, 500.00 133, 700.00 Miscellaneous surveys and investigations pertain- ing to future operations for new work (July 1, 1932, to Mar. 1, 193) --------------------- 6, 000. 00 487, 700.00 252 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1932 Maintenance: Operate Government plant consisting of pile drivers, derrick boats, etc., in repairing dikes, during the Working seasons ----------------- $86,000. 00 Complete-byl-Nov. 1, i198 undera :contract to be entered into, the construction of a new hull for a derrick boat---------------------------- 20, 000. 00 Complete by Nov. 1, 1932, under a contract to be entered into, the construction of a new wharf at the construction yard at Albany---------- 17, 000.00 Miscellaneous surveys, tidal and current observa- tions pertaining to maintenance operations (July 1, 1932-March 1, 1933) ---------------- 17, 305. 19 $140,305.19 Total for all work ---------------------------------- 726, 036.21 The new port at Albany is receiving and shipping a considerable amount of commerce by deep draft vessels, which it is expected will be considerably increased by the inauguration of shipping export grain early this fall. It is proposed to prosecute additional work of channel improvement so as to provide a channel of project dimen- sions at the earliest practicable date, and also to maintain said channel. It is expected that relatively high maintenance dredging cost will be necessary for the first few years of use of the deep- Water channel. To accomplish this $700,000 can be profitably ex- pended during the fiscal year ending June 30, 1934, as follows: New work: Complete by June 30, 1934, by dredging and rock re- moval, the widening of the bend at Van Wies Point, under a contract to be entered into, at an estimated cost of----------------------------- ------ $144, 000 By contract, widen the bends at Beacon Island, Cow Island, Nine Mile Tree Light, Roali Hook, Coeymans, Willow Island, and New East Flats Light, during the working seasons_________________________-------------------------- 172, 000 $316, 000 Maintenance: Remove, by contracts to be entered into or by the use of Government plant and the hire of labor, shoals which may have formed in the channel between New York City and Waterford, duringthe 'working seasons_ 330, 000 Repairs to dikes during the working seasons--------. 54, 000 384, 000 Total for all work ------------------------------------- 700, 000 Commercial statistics.--The commerce for the calendar year 1931 consisted mainly of refined oils, building material, petroleum and petroleum products, fuel and gas oil, general cargo, and pulpwood. Comparative statement Vessel traffic Additional traffic Calendar year Passengers Cargoes in transit Tons Value Tons Value 1927-----............---------------------- 1,481,987 $101,783,725 1,691,054 1,800,827 $101,713,256 1928----- -...---.----------- 1, 471, 679 101, 274, 331 1, 877, 571 1, 531, 683 92, 511, 436 1929---------..------------...-------............ 1,329, 036 101, 226, 494 2,291, 028 2,376, 523 143,481, 689 1930--................................. ------------------------- 1,677, 232 96, 924, 868 439, 406 1,666, 192 100, 677, 5697 1931---------...................------- -------- 1,836, 10 78, 604, 306 280, 76 1,698, 628 81, 629, 344 RIVERS AND HARBORS--FIRST NEW YORK, N. Y., DISTRICT 253 The lower average ton value for 1931 is due to the decreased tonnage of general cargo and the revision of values. The increased tonnage figure is due to imports of pulpwood and increased tonnages of petroleum and petroleum products. The commerce for 1931 was carried in vessels usually loaded to drafts of 6 to 30 feet. Cost and financial summary Cost of new work to June 30, 1932__ .- _____--____ _ $16, 920, 152. 72 Cost of maintenance to June 30, 1932----------------------- 1, 873, 396.10 Total cost of permanent work to June 30, 1932-------- 18, 793, 548. 82 Value of plant, materials, etc., on hand June 30, 1932________ 483, 863. 40 Net total cost to June 30, 1932--- __________-_______ 19, 277, 412.22 Plus accounts receivable June 30, 1932__ -______-_ - -___ 15,670. 12 Gross total costs to June 30, 1932__------------ 19, 293, 082. 34 Minus accounts payable June 30, 1932---------------- 98,031.02 Net total expenditures_ -- ,_-- -------------- 119, 195, 051. 32 Unexpended balance June 30, 1932-----__---------- 510, 366. 09 Total amount appropriated to June 30, 1932----------- 19, 705, 417. 41 Fiscal year ending June 30 1928 1929 1930 1931 1932 Cost of new work----------------- $693, 533. 51 $645, 282. 31 $1, 859,983. 81 $1, 099,455. 87 $497,320.47 Cost of maintenance.....----------------..... 51,616.26 79, 324. 18 30, 442. 66 115,172. 62 106,516. 70 Total cost ------------------- 745, 149. 77 724, 606. 49 1, 890, 426. 47 1, 214, 628. 49 603, 837. 17 Total expended..........__.---------- 765, 628. 81 756, 783. 28 1, 866,989. J3 1,273, 241.66 07 892,269. Allotted..-------------..............--------.......... ,706, 005.14 900, 000.00 1,125, 000.00 582, 300.00 -231, 700. 00 Balance unexpended a aly 1, 1931-------- ----.--.----.--- $1, 634, 335.16 Deductions on account of revocations of allotment .........-------------- 231, 700. 00 Net amount to be accounted for---------------------- 1, 402, 635. 16 Gross amount expended -----.. --- $1, 002,758.08 Less- Reimbursements collected------$110, 434. 51 Receipts from sales- -------.. 54. 50 110, 489.01 892, 269. 07 Balance unexpended June 30, 1932--------------------- 510, 366. 09 Outstanding liabilities June 30, 1932------------ 98, 031.02 Amount covered by uncompleted contracts------- 351, 275.59 449, 306. 61 Balance available June 30, 1932 -------------------- 61, 059. 48 Accounts receivable June 30, 1932 ------------------ 15, 670. 12 Unobligated balance available June 30, 1932------------- 76, 729. 60 Amount allotted from War Department appropriation act ap- proved July 14, 1932--------------------------------- 200, 000.00 Balance available for fiscal year 1933------------------- 276, 729. 60 Amount (estimated) required to be appropriated for completion - - - - - - - - - - - - - -- - - - - - - - - - - - - - ---- - 1 of existing project -- , 534, 700. 00 1Increased by $37,287.71 account modification and readjustment of contracts and claims. SExclusive of available funds. 254 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1932 Amount that can be profitably :expended in fiscal year ending June 30, 1934: 2- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - $3 16 0 0 0 .0 0 For new work 2 - - - - - - - - - - -- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -- For hiaintenance 8 4, 00(.00 - - - - -- - - - - - Total z" - - - - -- - - - - - - - - - - 700, 000.00 37. OPERATING AND CARE OF LOCK AND DAM IN HUDSON RIVER AT TROY, N. Y. The improvement for which report is made under this caption forms part of the project for improving Hudson River, N. Y. See pages 243 to 254, where general information regarding the improve- ment can be found. The completed lock and dam have been operated and maintained under the permanent indefinite appropriation since August 18, 1915. Operitions and results during fiscal year.-The lock and dam are situated at Troy, N. Y., and were constructed in a pool formed by the old State dam and lock, formerly located 1,400 feet south. Operation of the lock for the 1931 navigation season was suspended December 19, 1931. The operating machinery was overhauled, the lower and intermediate lock gates were removed, repaired, cleaned, painted, and replaced, and the fender booms were repaired. Minor repairs were made to the lock buildings, grounds, etc. The operation of the lock for the season of 1932 was begun on March 31, 1932. The cost of the work during the fiscal year was as follows: Operations, $17,120.69; maintenance and repairs, $2,263.50; improvement and re- construction, $7,295.67-a total of $26,679.86. The total expenditures during the fiscal year amounted to $26,548.48. Condition at end of fiscal year.-The existing works are in good condition, excepting the fender booms, which will have to be re- moved. The total cost to June 30, 1932, amounted to $397,544.24 and the total expenditures amounted to $395,700.78. Proposed operations.--The lock will be operated and the lock and dam will be maintained. Machinery will be overhauled, dwellings will be repaired and painted, the power house and other service build- ings will be repaired, fender booms will be maintained, the lock gates will be painted, and minor repairs will be made to the lock walls. Funds for the work are provided by allotment from the permanent indefinite appropriation provided by section 6 of the river and harbor act of March 3, 1909. Commercial statistics.-Practically all the commerce passing through the lock is carried in towed or self-propelled canal boats and barges. The principal commodities are grains, refined oils, ores, metals and manufactures, sugar, sulphur, sodium compounds, fer- tilizers, general cargo, salt, wood pulp and pulpwood, lumber, fuel and gas oil, and flour and meal. Passenger traffic was negligible in quantity and consisted mainly of pleasure craft, as no regular passenger vessels pass the lock. 2 Exclusive of available funds. RIVERS AND HARBORS--FIRST NEW YORK, N. Y., DISTRICT 255 Comparative statement Calendar year Tons Value Calendar year Tons Value 1927..---------------2,246,444 $121,206,886 1930 -.------------------ 3,186,283 $166, 886, 766 1928 ------------------- 2, 704, 519 152, 514,806 1931------------------ 3, 363,081 146,604,129 1929 ......------------------- 2, 569, 631 138, 572, 315 The lower average per ton value for the calendar year 1931 is due to revision of values. Cost and finanolal sunaary Cost of maintenance to June 30, 1932__---_------------------- $397, 544. 24 Minus accounts payable June 30, 1932 .--- - __----_-_-- 1, 843. 46 --------------- Net total expenditures_-__-. - 395, 700. 78 Unexpended balance June 30, 1932- ----------------------- 411. 48 Total amount appropriated to June 30, 1932- - ------ 396, 112.26 Fiscal year ending June 30 1928 1929 1930 1931 1932 Cost of maintenance---........---------------............... $21, 747. 47 $23, 140. 10 $23, 894. 34 $23, 031. 90 $26, 679. 86 Total expended....----------------------- 22, 759.02 22, 947. 27 23, 949. 93 23, 374 60 26, 548. 48 Allotted---------------------------- 21, 800.00 18, 500. 00 20, 000.00 24, 000.00 25, 000.00 Balance unexpended July 1, 1931_ _ ------------------ -- $1, 959. 96 Amount allotted from permanent indefinite appropriation, sec. 6, rivers and harbors act, Mar. 3, 1909------------------------ 25,000.00 Amount to be accounted for-__ ___-------------- 26, 959. 96 Gross amount expended------- 26, 548. 48 Balance unexpended June 30, 1932 .... --------- - 411. 48 Outstanding liabilities June 30, 1932-.--- -------------- 1, 843.46 Balance available June 30, 1932---------------- ------- 1, 431. 98 Amount allotted for fiscal year 1933-------------------- ----- 22,00. 00 Balance available for fiscal year 1933 .------- ------- 20, 568. 02 38. NARROWS OF LAKE CHAMPLAIN, N. Y. AND VT. Location and description.-This waterway is the southern end of Lake Champlain, 37 miles long, between Whitehall and Crown Point, N. Y. The portion included in the project extends from Whitehall, N. Y., at the southern extremity of the lake, northerly to Benson Landing, Vt., a distance of 131/2 statute miles. Burlington Harbor, Vt., is 70 statute miles by water north of Whitehall, and New York City is 214 miles south by water via the Champlain division of the New York State Barge Canal and the Hudson River. This reach is a link of the international waterway between New York City and Montreal, a distance of about 400 miles via the Hudson River, Cham- 140960---ENG 1932- 17 256 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1932 plain Canal, Lake Champlain, Richelieu River, Chambly Canal, and St. Lawrence River. (See U. S. Lake Survey Chart No. 174.) Original ccondition.-The channel through the reach under im- provement was narrow and tortuous, with a controlling depth of from 9,/2 to 10 feet at low lake level and widths varying from 75 to 200 feet. The depth limiting through traffic to Canadian waters was and is that of the Chambly Canal-7 feet. The head of navigation for lake traffic was and is at the canal lock at Whitehall. Previous projects.-Under appropriations of July 4, 1836, March 3, 1837, and July 7, 1838, there was expended $33,000 in dredging a channel in Whitehall Harbor, which is at the southern end of the Narrows; the expenditures on this work included the cost of con- structing a dredge. The project adopted August 5, 1886 (H. Ex- Doc. No. 138 and S. Doc. No. 211, 48th Cong., 2d sess.), as modified by the acts of July 13, 1892, and March 3, 1899, provided for a chan- nel from Whitehall, N. Y., to deep water in Lake Champlain, to be 12 feet deep at low lake level and from 100 to 200 feet wide, and for fender-boom protection to prevent collisions of boats with rocky shores at Putts Rock, at a point near Beacon No. 8 and at Pulpit Rock. Estimated cost, $121,000, including certain maintenance work, not separated in the estimate. The cost of maintenance was esti- mated at $2,500 annually. The total cost and expenditures under all projects prior to the commencement of work under the existing proj- ect in 1917 amounted to $134,140.35-$115,000 for new work and $19,140.35 for maintenance. Existing project.-This provides for a channel extending from Whitehall, N. Y., at the head of Lake Champlhin, to Benson Land- ing, to be 12 feet deep at low lake level and of a general width of 200 feet on the bottom, and the installation of fender booms at Putts Rock, Putts Leap, Narrows near Dresden, Pulpit Point, and Cedar Mountain. The reference plane of the low lake level is 92.5 feet above mean sea level at Sandy Hook, N. J. The length of the section included in the project for improvement is about 131/2 statute miles. The usual annual variation of the lake level is from 4 to 5 feet, and the extreme variation varies from 0.6 foot below up to 9.3 feet above the low lake level. The estimate of cost for new work revised in 1928, is $1,196,000, exclusive of amounts expended on previous proj.. ects. The latest (1918) approved estimate for annual cost of main- tenance is $5,000. The existing project was adopted by the river and harbor act of August 8, 1917 (H. Doc. No. 1387, 62d Cong., 3d sess.). The latest published map is in the project document. Recommended modifleations of project.--None. Local cooperation.-None. Terminal facilities.-The only terminal facilities which serve the improvement are located in Whitehall Harbor, and consist of three timber wharves, aggregating 4,200 feet in length, all of which are privately owned. Approximately 2,600 feet of these wharves are open to public use. The State of New York has constructed a barge- canal terminal at Whitehall, just south of the terminus of the canal, which has been equipped with a 15-ton hand-operated derrick and a storehouse. (For further details see H. Dec. No. 652, 660th Cong., 2d sess.) RIVERS AND HARBORS-FIRST NEW YORK, N. Y., DISTRICT 257 Effect of improvement.-The improvement has resulted in increas- ing navigation facilities as well as in reducing the difficulties to navigation. It connects the northern terminus of the Champlain division of the New York State Barge Canal system with deep water in Lake Champlain, thereby providing a through waterway between New York City and Canada, and permits the use of large tugboats with a draft of about 12 feet. Operations and resfts aduring fiscal year.-The fender booms were repaired and maintained at a cost of $650.80, and the cost of inspec- tion and contingencies was $64.41, a total of $715.21 for maintenance. The expenditures amounted to $748.98. Condition at end of fisca year.-The project is about 47 per cent completed. A channel 12 feet deep at low lake level and least width of 150 feet has been excavated throughout the length of the im- provement, except at the Elbow, where it is but 110 feet wide. Fender .booms have been placed at the Elbow (Putts Leap) and opposite the Delaware & Hudson Railroad Co.'s coal trestle; none now appear to be needed at the Narrows near Dresden, Pulpit Point, and Cedar Mountain; the latter are in good condition. The controlling depths at low lake level on June 30, 19284 through the reach included in the project, are as follows: Locality Depth Width Feet Feet Whithall to the Elbow----------------------------------------------------- 12 150 At the Elbow ---------------------------------------------------------------- ---- 12 110 From the Elbow to Benson Landing__-------.....................................-----------------------------------.. 12 150 The work remaining to be done to complete the project consists in increasing the width of the channel throughout its project length from the widths given in the above table to the project width of 200 feet, by dredging and rock removal. The total cost of the existing project up to June 30, 1932, was $597,804.56-$519,726.67 for dredging, $6,521.83 for rock removal, $16,050 for purchase of land for channel purposes; installation of fender booms at the Elbow and opposite the Delaware & Hudson Railroad Co.'s coal trestle, $3,503.07, and surveys, engineering, and contingencies, $21,009.57; a total of $566,811.14 for new work; the cost of maintenance was $30,993.42. The total expenditures amounted to $597,804.56. Proposed operations.-The balance unexpended at the end of the year, together with an allotment of $500, made during July, 1932, a total of $555.09, will be applied as follows: Maintenance: Repair fender booms at the Elbow and opposite the Delaware & Hudson Railroad trestle, during the fiscal year-------------- $375.00 Operation of Fort Montgomery gage (July-December, 1932) 180. 09 ------ Total ---------------------------------------------- 555. 09 It is proposed not to do any new work in the channel for the pres- ent, as it appears to meet the needs of existing commerce. Addi- tional funds will be needed to pay the cost of maintaining the Fort Montgomery gage, for the repair of fender booms at the Elbow and opposite the Delaware & Hudson Railroad trestle, and for necessary 258 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1932 annual inspection of the waterway. Therefore, the sum of $800 can be profitably expended during the fiscal year ending June 30, 1934, as follows: Maintenance: Operation of Fort Montgomery gage (July, 1933-June, 1934) ..- - $400 Repair of fender booms during the fiscal year --------------- - 400 Total_-- ---------------------- ------------------- 800 Commercial statistics.--No commerce reported for 1931. Comparative statement Vessel traffic Additional traffic, cargoes I in transit Calendar year Tons Value Tons Value 1927..........-------------- --------------------------------- 2 $86 260,892 $10,174, 788 1928------ -------------------------------------- (1) (1) 63, 593 2, 480,127 1929.....-----------.... --------------------------------- (1) (1) 104,181 4, 063, 0569 1930-------- ------------------------------------ (1) (1) 57,800 2,254,200 1931---------------------------------------------------(1) 1931. . . . . .. () (1) () 22, 22, 700 700 426,678 426, 678 1 No commerce reported. The lower average ton value of cargoes in transit for 1931 is due to the revision of values. Cost and financial summary Cost of new work to June 30, 1932---------......--------------$681, 811. 14 Cost of maintenance to June 30, 1932-- ----------------------- 50, 133.77 Total cost of permanent work to June 30, 1932----------- 731, 944. 91 Net t(otal expenditures----------- -------------------------- 731, 944. 91 Unex pended balance June30, 1932-------------------------------- 55. 09 Total amount appropriated to June 30, 1932-------------- 732, 00. 00 Fiscal year ending June 30 1928 1929 1930 1931 1932 Cost of new work.----------- - - ------------- ----------- Cost of maintenance---------------------- $794.42 $205.17 $70.41 $271.60 $715.21 Total expended---------------------------- 489. 68 448. 10 138. 99 237. 83 748. 98 Allotted-.-----------------------------500. 00 ------------ 500. 00 500.00 ..........----------- Balance unexpended July 1, 1931------------------------------- $804. 07 Gross amount expended-------------------------------------- 748.96 Balance unexpended June 30, 1932----- -------------- 55. 09 Amount allotted from War Department appropriation act, approved July 14, 1932--------------------------------------------- 500.00 Balance available for fiscal year 1933---------- -.----------- 555. 09 Amount (estimated) required to be appropriated for completion of - --- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -- - - - - - - - - - 629, 200. 00 - ------ existing project ---- -- Amount that can be profitably expended in fiscal year ending June 30, 1934, for maintenance 1 - - - - - -- - - - - - - - - - - - - - _______ - - ___ 800.00 1 Exclusive of available funds. RIVERS AND HARBORS-FIRST NEW YORK, N. Y., DISTRICT 259 39. BURLINGTON HARBOR, VT. The project has been regarded as completed since 1890. Part of the breakwater originally proposed was not completed, the work completed being considered sufficient for the needs of navigation. No work was done during the fiscal year. The balance unexpended on June 30, 1932, $20.84, will be applied to maintenance contingencies. No further work is proposed during the fiscal years 1933 and 1934. For further details, see Annual Report for 1931, page 290. Commercial statistic.--The commerce for the calendar year 1931 consisted of general cargo and complete fertilizer. Comparative statement Calendar Tons Value Passengers Calendar Tons Value Passengers year year 1927........ 21, 955 $5, 123, 248 113, 225 1930--.... 16, 948 $4, 896, 452 138, 544 1928-------- 27, 139 6, 021, 165 131, 706 1931--------- 13, 157 3, 850, 230 134, 436 1929.------. 19, 691 5, 457, 415 159, 736 The decreased tonnage and value figures for 1931 are due to de- creased tonnage of general cargo. The commerce for 1931 was carried in vessels usually loaded to drafts of 9 to 13 feet. Cost and financial smmnary Cost cof new work to June 30, 1932 -------- _----_ -- -- $706, 414. 11 Cost 4of maintenance to June 30, 1932__------------------------ 74, 384. 71 Total cost of permanent work to June 30, 1932---------..- 880, 798. 82 Net t otal expenditures------------------- -------------- 880, 798. 82 Unex pended balance June 30, 1932 -------------------- ------ 20. 84 Total amount appropriated to June 30, 1932....--...________ 880, 819. 66 Fiscal year ending June 30 1928 1929 1980 1931 1932 Cost of new work------...... ---.....--------------.... .... .... . Cost of maintenance--------------------$3,419.93 $95.28 $242.37 $125.38--------- Total expended--.--------------------- 7,995. 38 106. 94 206.23 161. 52 Allotted...--------------------------- --3, 330. 96 Balance unexpended July 1, 1931___ -- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -- - - - - - - - - $20. 84 Balance unexpended June 30, 1932_ ------------------------------------ 20. 84 40. PLATTSBURG HARBOR, N. Y. The project was completed in 1913, at a saving of $19,085 under the estimated cost. No work was done during the year. The bal- ance unexpended on June 30, $36.54, will be applied to maintenance contingencies. No further work is contemplated during the fiscal years 1933 and 1934. For further details, see Annual Report for 1931, page 292. Commercial statistics.-The commerce for the calendar year 1931 consisted of general cargo. 260 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1932 Comparative statement Calendar Tons Value Passengers Calendar Tons Value Passengers year year 1927--------....... 2, 568 $770, 400 100, 199 1930--------.... 4, 003 $625, 604 35, 992 ------- 1928........ 2,250 675, 000 91, 050 1931-------- 846 253, 800 32, 948 1929--------........ 2, 411 606, 328 48, 288 The higher average per ton value for 1931 is due to lack of activity in the lumber industry. The commerce for 1931 was carried in vessels loaded to drafts of 9 feet. Cost and financial summary Cost of new work to June 30, 1932_-_ ------ _ _ --------- $198, 415.13 Cost of maintenance to June 30, 1932__------------------------ 36, 591. 47 Total cost of permanent work to June 30, 1932-....----- - 235, 006. 60 Net total expenditures-_-_ _ --------- __ -- ----- - 235, 006.60 Unexpended balance June 30, 1932 ------ --------------- ------ 36. 54 Total amount appropriated to June 30, 1932_--------- 235, 043.14 Fiscal year ending June 30 1928 1929 1930 1931 1932 Cost of new work----------.......... ---------------------------------- --------------------- Cost of maintenance-----......-- - $179. 64 $127. 60 $102.35 ..------------------- Total expended...-_- _----------.----- 183. 59 96.95 134. 02 ------------------- Allotted.-------- --.... --- 745. 95 ... .... - Balance unexpended July 1, 1931-------------- ----------------- $36.54 Balance unexpended June 30, 1932 ____ __----------------- $36.54 41. PORT HENRY HARBOR, N. Y. The project is about 99 per cent completed. No work was done during the fiscal year 1933. The balance unexpended on June 30, 1932, $40.79, will be applied to maintenance contingencies. No additional work is contemplated during the fiscal years 1933 and 1934. For further details, see Annual Report for 1931, page 294. Commercial statistics.-The commerce for the calendar year 1931 consisted of pig iron. Comparative statement Calendar Tons Value Passengers Calendar Tons Value Passengers year year 1927--------........ 1, 126 $21, 330 (1) 1930----..--..-- 7, 642 144, 816 (2) 1928--------........ 19, 921 435, 333 64, 050 1931.-------- 8, 772 229, 388 (2) 1929--------........ 7, 905 149, 800 (2) 1 No statistics available. 2 No passengers. Ferry service was discontinued owing to the erection of the Lake Champlain Bridge connecting Port Henry, N. Y., and Chimney Point, Vt. The increased per ton value for 1931 is due to revision of value of pig iron. The commerce for 1931 was carried in vessels usually loaded to drafts of 8 to 11 feet. RIVERS AND HARBORS-FIRST NEW YORK, N. Y., DISTRICT 261 Cost and A7nancial sumnary Cost of new work to June 30, 1932_ _------------------- $69, 406. 46 Cost of maintenance to June 30, 1932 --------- --------- --- 1, 252. 75 Total cost of permanent work to June 30, 1932 659. 21 7------------0, Net total expenditures __--------------------- -- 70, 659. 21 Unexpended balance June 30, 1932 .-------------------------- - 40. 79 Total amount appropriated to June 30, 1932---------------70, 700. 00 Fiscal year ending June 30 1928 1929 1930 1931 1932 Cost of new work.......................................... ----------------- ------------ ---... Cost of maintenance------------------------------ $159.21 ----------------------- ----.----- Total expended-.......-------......------....----..................... 159. 21 ---------------------------------- Allotted- . . -. . d.u,19 -- ..--.-------------- - 1........._........ $200.00- ...... _... .-- . Balance unexpended July 1, 1931 ------------------------------ $40. 79 Balance unexpended June 30, 1932----------- ------------------ 40. 79 Amount (estimated) required to be appropriated for completion of 1 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - existing project 2, 000. 00 42. OTTER CREEK, VT. Location and description.-This creek rises in the Green Moun- tains, and flows in a general northwesterly direction, emptying into Lake Champlain. It is about 107 miles long and has a drainage area, including all tributaries, of about 936 square miles. It is about 54 miles south of the international boundary line of Canada and the United States and 18 miles south of the harbor at Burlington, Vt. The head of navigation is at the falls at the city of Vergennes, about 8 miles southeast of its mouth. North of the falls the stream is, ex- cept during freshets, essentially an arm of Lake Champlain and sub- ject to the same variations of levels. (See Chart No. 3, Lake Cham- plain, Survey of the Northern and Northwestern Lakes.) Origina1 condition.-In its natural condition the creek had a nar- row and crooked channel with a practicable depth of 10.5 feet from Lake Champlain to Vergennes, except at seven points, where it was obstructed by shoals aggregating about 1 mile in length over which the depth was from 6 to 8 feet. Previous projects.-None. Existing project.-This provides for a channel 8 feet deep at low lake level and 100 feet wide from Lake Champlain to the foot of the falls at Vergennes, and also a basin at this latter point of the same depth. The reference plane of low lake level is 92.5 feet above mean sea level at Sandy Hook, N. J. The usual annual variation of the lake level is from 4 to 5 feet, and the extreme variation varies from 0.6 of a foot below up to 9.3 feet above low lake level. The estimated cost of new work, revised in 1882, is $73,748. The latest (1899) ap- proved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $1,000. The existing project was adopted by the river and harbor act of June 10, 1872, and was modified in 1882 and 1884. (See Reports of Chief of Engineers for 1872, page 273; 1882, page 712; and 1184, page 2159.) 1 Exclusive of available funds. 262 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1932 Recommended modifltoations of project.-None. Locl cooperation.-None required by law. Tserminl facilities.-Timber docks 250 feet in length are located along the channel at Vergennes. Effect of inmprovement.--The improvement had a tendency for sev- eral years to increase the amount of commerce carried on the water- way. Since 1910 the commerce has decreased to only a few hundred tons annually. Operations and results during fiscal year.-By the use of Gov- ernment plant and hired labor there were removed, during July 1931, logs and snags which had lodged in the channel at a cost of $1,815.12. Part of the cost of maintaining the Fort Montgomery gage, $348.38, was charged to this project. The total cost was 2,163.50 for maintenance. The expenditures amounted to $2,682.68. Condition at end of fiscal year.-The project is about 82 per cent completed. The controlling depth at low lake level, as shown by an examination in July, 1931, is about 6.5 feet throughout the entire length of the project with a minimum width of about 50 feet. The total cost of the existing project up to June 30, 1932, was $65,214.03- $60,253.50 for new work and $4,960.53 for maintenance. The total expenditures amounted to $65,182.68. Proposed operations.--The balance unexpended at the end of the year, amounting to $317.32, will be applied as follows: Accounts payable June 30, 1932__ ------------------------- $31. 35 Maintenance: Continue operation of Fort Montgomery gage (January- June, 1983) --------------------------------------- 285. 97 Total------------ ----- - --------- 317.32 It is believed that no additional work will be necessary during the next two years. Therefore, no funds can be profitably expended during the fiscal year ending June 30, 1934. Commercial statistics.--The commerce for the calendar year 1931 consisted of lumber. Comparative statement Calendar year Tons Value Calendar year Tons Value 1927--------------------....................... 1,398 $37, 327 1930...----------------------- 699 $18, 668 1928---------------------...................... 1,299 34, 683 1931----------------... ---- 702 14, 581 1929........-----------...--------- 1, 964 52, 439 The lower average'per ton value for 1931 is due to revision of values. The commerce for 1931 was carried in vessels loaded to drafts of 7 feet. Cost and financial sunnmary Cost of new work to June 30, 1932-- ---- --------------- $60, 253. 50 Cost of maintenance to June 30, 1932 ------------------------ 4, 960. 53 Total cost of permanent work to June 30, 1932 5, 214. 03 6----------- Minus accounts payable June 30, 1932- .----- ----------- 31. 35 Net total expenditures ------------- ----------- 5, 182. 68 Unexpended balance June 30, 1932_------------------ 317. 32 Total amount appropriated to June 30, 1932 - ....---.---- 65, 500.00 RIVERS AND HARBORS--FIRST NEW YORK, N. Y., DISTRICT 263 Fiscal year ending June 30 1928 1929 1930 1931 1932 Costo f new work ---------------------------------------- ------------ -------------- Cost of maintenance.--------------- ---------------------------------- -$550. 53 $2,163.50 Total expended------------------..................--------.... ------------------------ ----------...........---...... 2,682. 68 Allotted--------------.............-------.....----------------------.................... 3, 000.00---------- Balance unexpended July 1, 1931 --- $---------------- $3, 000.00 Gross amount expended------------------------------$2, 927. 54 Less reimbursements collected------------------------- 244. 86 2, 682. 68 Balance unexpended June 30, 1932----------------- ------- 317. 32 Outstanding liabilities June 30, 1932---------------------------- 31. 35 Balance available June 30, 1932-------------------------- 285. 97 Amount (estimated) required to be appropriated for completion of existing project - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -- - - - - - -- - - - - - - - - - - - - 13, 500. 00 43. EXAMINATIONS, SURVEYS, AND CONTINGENCIES (GENERAL) Operations under this heading comprise the making of preliminary examinations and surveys for navigation, called for by river and harbor acts and by resolutions of the committees of Congress (not including those investigations provided for in H. Doc. No. 308, 69th Cong., 1st sess., or by section 10 of the flood-control act of May 15, 1928) ; collection of commercial statistics; miscellaneous surveys, in- spections and estimates; permit and bridge inspections; harbor-line studies; fish-net inspections; administration charges incurred in con- nection with inactive river and harbor projects; and minor routine navigation investigations. The cost of work during the year amounted to $63,860.13; the expenditures were $63,808.7. The bal- ance unexpended at the end of the year, together with an allotment of $41,000, made during July, 1932, a total of $48,289.88, will be applied as needed during the fiscal year 1933 to payment of ex- penses incurred in connection with the above items. The additional sum of $50,000 can be profitably expended during the fiscal year ending June 30, 1934. Cost amd finanoial aswmnar Cost of maintenance to June 30, 1932---- ------ -------------- $233, 000. 00 Minus accounts payable June 30, 1932--------------------------7, 289. 88 Net total expenditures-------------------------- -- 225, 710.12 Unexpended balance June 30, 1932------------------------- --- - 7, 289. 88 Total amount appropriated to June 30, 1932-------------- 233, 000. 00 Fiscal year ending June 30 1928 1929 1930 1931 1932 Cost of new work.- Cost of maintenance----------------------------$51,766.81 $57,947.37 $59,425.69 $63,860.13 Total expended..........---.--------- 53, 978. 00 51, 554. 04 56, 369. 31 63, 808. 77 Allnotted------ . --................... .. $6,000.00 89, 000.00 45, 600.00 60,000. 00 32, 400.00 1 Exclusive of available funds. 264 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1932 Balance unexpended July 1, 1931---------------------------- $38, 698. 65 Amount allotted from War Department appropriation act approved Feb. 28, 1929--- .--...------------------ $8, 364. 58 Amount allotted from War Department appropriation act approved Feb. 23, 1931------------- ------- ------ 24,035. 42 32, 400.00 Amount to be accounted for------------- --------------- 71, 098. 65 Gross amount expended------------- ----------- --- 70,507.08 Less reimbursements collected--------------------- 6, 698. 26 63, 808. 77 Balance unexpended June 30, 1932----------------------- 7, 289. 88 Outstanding liabilities June 30, 1932---- ---------------------- 10, 300. 98 Balance available June 30, 1932------------- -------------3, 011.10 Amount allotted from War Department appropriation act approved July 14, 1932 ------------------------------------------- 41, 000. 00 Balance available for fiscal year 1933--------- ------------- 37, 988. 90 Amount that can be profitably expended in fiscal year ending June - -- - -- - -- - - -- - -- - - -- - -- - - -- - -- - -- 30, 1934, for maintenance 50, 000. 00 EXAMINATIONS AND SURVEYS MADE IN COMPLIANCE WITH THE RIVER AND HARBOR ACTS APPROVED MARCH 3, 1925, AND JULY 3, 1930 Reports on preliminary examinations and surveys required by the river and harbor act approved July 3, 1930, of the following locali- ties within this district were duly submitted by the district and division engineers. They were reviewed by the Board of Engineers for Rivers and Harbors, pursuant to law, and were transmitted to Congress and printed in documents as indicated: 1. Preliminar e rnaion and survey of Hudson River Channel, N. Y., and N. J., with a view to securing a depth of 40 feet for its full width from Fifty-ninth Street to Upper New York Bay.-Re- ports dated June 1, 1931, and December 24, 1931, by the district en- gineer, and June 9, 1931, and February 6, 1932, by the division engi- neer, with illustrations, are printed in House Document No. 309, Seventy-second Congress, first session. Recommendation is made for modification of the existing project so as to provide for a channel 40 feet deep at mean low water for the full width of the river extend- ing from the north line of Fifty-ninth Street to the south side of Little Basin, and thence a channel of the same depth to deep water in Upper New York Bay, off Ellis Island, at an estimated cost of $865,000 with maintenance estimated at $30,000 annually, in addition to that now required. 2. Preliminary eximination and survey of Tarrytown Harbor, N. Y.-Reports dated May 27, 1931, and January 5, 1932, by the dis- trict engineer, and June 2, 1931, and January 27, 1932, by the divi- sion engineer, with illustration, are printed in House Document No. 262, Seventy-second Congress, first session. Recommendation is made for modification of the existing project so as to provide for widening the north and south entrance channels to 150 feet and for widening the channel along the wharf front to 250 feet, the depths of all chan- nels to be 12 feet at mean low water, at an estimated cost of $7,600, 1Exclusive of available funds. RIVERS AND HARBORS--FIRST NEW YORK, N. Y., DISTRICT 265 with maintenance at an estimated rate of $1,000 annually, in addition to that now required. Reports on preliminary examinations and surveys required by the river and harbor acts approved March 3, 1925, and July 3, 1930, of the following localities within this district, were duly submitted by the district and division engineers. They were reviewed by the Board of Engineers for Rivers and Harbors, pursuant to law, and were transmitted to Congress but have not yet been printed: 1. Preliminary ewamination and survey of Fort Pond Bay, N. Y.- Reports by the district and division engineers were transmitted to Congress December 9, 1931. The improvement of this locality by the United States is not deemed advisable at the present time. 2. Preliminaryexamination of the locality at and near City Island, New York City, N. Y.-Reports by the district and division engineers were transmitted to Congress December 7, 1931. The improvement of this locality by the United States is not deemed advisable at the present time. 3. Preliminaryexamination of HuatingtonHarbor, N. Y.-Reports by the district and division engineers were transmitted to Congress December 9, 1931. The improvement of this locality, other than as authorized by the existing project, is not deemed advisable at the present time. 4. Preliminary ewaminadtion of New Rochelle Harbor, N. Y.-Re- ports by the district and division engineers were transmitted to Con- gress December 10, 1931. The improvement of this locality, other than as authorized by the existing project, is not deemed advisable at the present time. 5. Preliminary examination of New York Harbor, N. Y.: The Brooklyn Waterfront south from a point opposite the lower end of Governors Island to a point near the beginning of the shore-road improvement, with a view to securing wider channels.-Reports by the district and division engineers were transmitted to Congress De- cember 7, 1931. The improvement of this locality, other than as authorized by the existing project, is not deemed advisable at the present time. 6. Preliminaryeeaminationof East Chester Creek, N. Y.-Reports by the district and division engineers were transmitted to Congress December 9, 1931. The improvement of this locality, other than as authorized by the existing project, is not deemed advisable at the present time. The local engineer was also charged with the duty of making other preliminary examinations and surveys provided for by the river and harbor act approved July 3, 1930, as follows: 1. Sparkill Oreek, N. Y.-Reports dated June 9, 1931, and June 17, 1931, by the district and division engmneers, on preliminary exami- nation, are held in abeyance by the Board of Engineers for Rivers and Harbors at the request of local interests. 2. New York Harbor, N. Y.: The Upper Bay, the Narrows, the Lower Bay, and Red Hook Flats, with a view to providing additional anchorage areas, the relocation of existing anchorage areas, the con- struction of a breakwater off Staten Island in the Lower Bay, the construction of a channel connecting the area inclosed by said break- water with the Ambrose Channel, and additional dredging where 266 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1932 needed in the interest of navigation. Reports dated June 30, 1931, and July 14, 1931, by the district and division engineers on pre- liminary examination were received. The survey is in progress. REPORTS MADE IN COMPLIANCE WITH RESOLUTIONS OF THE COMMITTEE ON RIvERS AND HARBORS, HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES By resolution adopted January 20, 1931, a review of reports on Newtown Creek, N. Y., printed in River and Harbor Committee Document No. 42, Seventy-first Congress, second session, was requested. Report thereon was transmitted to Congress December 8, 1931, and printed in River ad Harbor Committee Document No. 4, Seventy-second Congress, first session. Certain methods of execut- ing work under the existing project are outlined. A contemplated minor change in channel location will require no modification of the existing project. By resolution adopted February 13, 1930, a review of reports of Hudson River at Albany, N. Y., authorized by the river and harbor act approved June 5, 1920, and transmitted to Congress by the Secre- tary of War December 14, 1920, was requested. Report thereon was transmitted to the committee on June 13, 1932, but has not yet been printed. The improvement of this locality, other than as authorized by the existing project, is not deemed advisable at the present time. Reports indicated below called for by resolutions of the Committee on Commerce, United States Senate, and the Committee on Rivers and Harbors, House of Representatives, will be submitted as soon as practicable: 1. Review of reports on Flushing Bay and Creek, N. Y., printed in House Document No. 124, Sixty-eighth Congress, first session. Re- ports dated February 25, 1928, and March 2, 1928, by the division engineer, are pending before the Board of Engineers for Rivers and Harbors, awaiting receipt of a supplemental report requested from the division engineer. 2. Review of reports on Manmaroneck Harbor, N. Y., printed in House Document No. 651, Sixty-sixth Congress. Reports dated June 2, 1932, and June 24, 1932, by the district and division engineers, are receiving consideration by the Board of Engineers for Rivers and Harbors. 3. Review of reports on Echo Bay Harbor,N. Y., printed in House Document No. 110, Sixty-seventh Congress. Reports dated June 30, 1932, and July 7, 1932, by the district and division engineers are receiving consideration by the Board of Engineers for Rivers and Harbors. 4. Review of reports on Hudson River Channel at Weehawken and Edgewater, N. J., printed in House Document No. 313, Sixty- eighth Congress. Reports dated June 13, 1932, and June 30, 1932, by the district and division engineers, are receiving consideration by the Board of Engineers for Rivers and Harbors. 5. Review of reports on Hudson River, N. Y. between Troy and Waterford, printed in House Document No. 719, Sixty-first Congress, second session. Reports dated May 31, 1932, and June 29, 1932, by the district and division engineers, are receiving consideration by the Board of Engineers for Rivers and Harbors. RIVERS AND HARBORS--SECOND NEW YORK, N. Y., DISTRICT 267 6. Review of reports on Caney Island Creek, N. Y., printed in House Document No. 111, Fifty-fourth Congress, second session. Reports dated June 16, 1932, and June 30, 1932, by the district and division engineers, were received. A survey is in progress. 7. Review of reports on Pugsley Creek, N. Y., printed in House Document No. 635, Sixty-fourth Congress, first session. Reports dated July 1, 1932, and July 20, 1932, by the district and division engineers, are receiving consideration by the Board of Engineers for Rivers and Harbors. 8. Review of reports on Larchmont Harbor, N. Y., printed in House Document No. 418, Sixty-second Congress, second session. The district and division engineers have been requested to submit reports. IMPROVEMENT OF RIVERS AND HARBORS IN THE SECOND NEW YORK, N. Y., DISTRICT This district includes Staten Island, N. Y., and the northeastern part of New Jersey from Newark Bay and its tributaries on the north to the head of Barnegat Bay at Bayhead, N. J., on the south. District engineer: Lieut. Col. R. T. Ward, Corps of Engineers. Division engineer: Col. W. J. Barden, Corps of Engineers, to November 30, 1931, Col. G. M. Hoffman, Corps of Engineers, since that date. IMPROVEMENTS Page Page 1. Newark Bay, Hackensack and 7. Washington Canal and South Passaic Rivers, N. J------- 267 River, N. J------------- 289 2. New York and New Jersey 8. Keyport Harbor, N. J------ 292 Channels- ---------- 276 9. Shoal Harbor and Compton 3. Elizabeth River, N. J------- 280 Creek, N. J------------ 294 4. Woodbridge Creek, N. J----- 283 10. Shrewsbury River, N. J.. 296 5. Great Kills, Staten Island, 11. Manasquan River, N. J... 299 N. Y_ ----------------- 285 12. Examinationp, surveys, and 6. Raritan River, N. J-------- 285 contingencies (general)__ 302 1. NEWARK BAY, HACKENSACK, AND PASSAIC RIVERS, N. J. Location and description.-Newark Bay is an estuary about 1 mile wide between bulkhead lines and 6 miles long, extending southerly from the confluence of the Hackensack and Passaic Rivers to Staten Island Sound, thus connecting with the waters of Upper and Lower New York Bay. The Hackensack River rises near Haverstraw, Rockland County, N. Y., and flows southerly to the head of Newark Bay. It is about 45 miles long. Its drainage area is 201.6 square miles; its minimum discharge at the mouth is about 46 second-feet; its maximum dis- charge is about 7,740 second-feet. It is tidal and navigable to New Milford, about 201/5 miles from the mouth. The width between banks in this portion of the river varies between 100 and 2,500 feet. The Passaic River rises in the highlands of northeastern New Jersey and flows in an easterly and southerly direction. It is- about 80 miles long. Its drainage area is about 949 square miles; its mini- mum discharge at the mouth is about 155 second-feet; its maximum 268 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 19 3 2 discharge is about 17,020 second-feet. It is tidal and navigable up to the Dundee Rapids above Passaic, a distance of about 16 miles. The width between banks of the improved section varies between 300 and 1,000 feet. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Charts Nos. 287 and 369 and U. S. Geological Survey chart of New York City and vicinity.) Original condition.-Before improvement the controlling depth in Newark Bay was about 8 feet at mean low water at the upper end, gradually increasing to a depth of over 30 feet at the lower end. The width between the 8-foot curves varied from 220 feet near the upper end to over 2,000 feet at the lower end. Bars at the mouth of the Hackensack River limited navigation in that waterway to a depth of about 8 feet at mean low water to the Newark and New York railroad bridge, a distance of 1.1 miles. The widths for this depth extended over several hundred feet. From this bridge to Little Ferry, a distance of 123/4 miles, the natural channel was 12 feet or more deep and of ample width. From Little Ferry to Court Street, Hackensack, 21/4 miles, the limiting width was about 100 feet, and the depth from 5 to 6 feet. Thence to New Milford, the head of navigation, there was little depth and practi- cally no commerce. In the Passaic River the available depth to Center Street, Newark, N. J., 4.2 miles above the mouth, was about 7 feet. Mud and sand flats at the mouth limited navigation to this depth. At places the width of this channel was not over 100 feet. Above Center Street to Passaic, where through navigation was cut off by the dam of the Dundee Water Co., the channel was obstructed by several rock and gravel bars, which gave controlling depths of 21/2 to 3 feet and a width of about 200 feet. Previous projects.-An appropriation was made by Congress, August 30, 1852, of $10,000 for improvement of Newark Bay; also $2,000 for a survey of same. A 6-foot project for improvement of the Passaic River between Newark and Passaic was adopted June 10, 1872. A 10-foot project for the upper part of the bay and lower part of Passaic River was adopted by the river and harbor act ap- proved June 14, 1880. A project for a 12-foot channel in the bay and lower reaches of Passaic River was adopted by the act of June 13, 1902. The 12-foot project was superseded by a 16-foot project adopted March 2, 1907, which still applies in the river for a distance of about 1 mile downstream from the Montclair & Greenwood Lake Railroad bridge. A 20-foot project was adopted July 25, 1912, for the bay and Passaic River below the Narin Linoleum Works, and still applies in the river above a point 3,000 feet northerly of the Lincoln Highway Bridge. The original project for the improve- ment of the Hackensack River, calling for a 12-foot channel, was adopted by the act of July 25, 1912, and still applies from a point 2,000 feet above the lower Delaware, Lackawanna & Western Rail- road bridge to Hackensack. A 16-foot project adopted March 2, 1919, applied to the lower reaches of the Hackensack River. A 20-foot project adopted by the act of September 22, 1922, provided a 20-foot channel in Hackensack River from the Central Railroad of New Jersey bridge to a point 4,800 feet above the Lincln High- way Bridge. The total cost and expenditures under previous projects on these waterways prior to work on the existing project which RIVERS AND HARBORS-SECOND NEW YORK, N. Y., DISTRICT 269 began in 1907 were $1,755,321.46 for new work and $442,485.44 for maintenance, a total of $2,197.806.90. For further details see pages 265 and 266 of Annual Report for 1926, and page 301, Annual Report for 1929. Eaisting project.--This provides for a channel in Newark Bay 30 feet deep and about 1,800 feet wide at the entrance, including the removal to a depth of 30 feet of part of the rock area at Bergen Point, shown on project map as area A (H. Doc. No. 206, 67th Cong., 2d sess.), narrowing to 400 feet below the Central Railroad of New Jersey bridge across the bay, and continuing with that width to the junction of the Passaic and Hackensack River Channels, a distance of about 5 miles, with a branch channel 30 feet deep and 400 feet wide, widened at the turn, to the Port Newark Terminal extending from the main channel as far as the United States pierhead line, a distance of 1,200 feet; a channel in the Hackensack River 30 feet deep and 400 feet wide from the upper end of the Newark Bay Channel to the Central Railroad of New Jersey bridge, about 1.1 miles, thence 30 feet deep and 300 feet wide to a point about 2,000 feet north of the Delaware, Lackawanna & Western Railroad bridge, 2.8 miles, thence 12 feet deep and 200 feet wide to Little Ferry, 10.1 miles, and thence 12 feet deep and 150 feet wide to the New York, Susquehanna & Western Railroad bridge, 21/2 miles, a total distance for the Hacken- sack River of about 161/2 miles; and a channel in the Passaic River 30 feet deep and 300 feet wide, from Newark Bay to a point 3,000 feet above the Lincoln Highway Bridge 2.6 miles; thence 20 feet deep and 300 feet wide to the Narin Linoleum Works, about 4.4 miles, thence 16 feet deep and 200 feet wide to the Montclair & Green- wood Lake Railroad bridge, about 1.1 miles, thence 10 feet deep and 150 feet wide to the Eighth Street Bridge at Passaic, 7.3 miles, a total distance for the Passaic River of 15.4 miles. All depths refer to the plane of mean low water. The mean tidal range in the bay, Hackensack River, and in Passaic River up to the Montclair & Greenwood Lake Railroad bridge, is about 5 feet; in the Passaic River at the Gregory Avenue Bridge, Passaic, it is about 4.6 feet. High easterly or westerly winds cause a fluctuation of as much as 2 feet above or below mean tidal range. The estimate of cost for new work, revised in 1930, is $6,921,000, exclusive of amounts expended on previous projects. The latest (1930) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $152,000. The existing project was adopted by the following river and har- bor acts: The acts of March 2, 1907, and February 27, 1911, pro- vided for the 16-foot channel in Passaic River (H. Doc. No. 441, 59th Cong., 2d sess.).; the act of July 25, 1912, provided for the 20- foot project in Passaic River (H. Doc. No. 707, 62d bong., 2d sess.); the act of January 21, 1927, provided for the 10-foot project in Passaic River (H. Doc. No. 284, 69th Cong., 1st sess.); the act of July 3, 1930, provided for the 30-foot channel in Passaic River (H. Doc. No. 156, 71st Cong., 2d sess.); the act of July 25, 1912, provided for the 12-foot channel in Hackensack River (H. Doc. No. 643, 61st Cong., 2d sess.); the act approved September 22, 1922, provided for the 30-foot channel in the Hackensack River below the Central Railroad of New Jersey bridge and the 30-foot channel in Newark Bay (H. Doc. No. 206, 67th Cong., 2d sess.); and the act approved January 21, 1927, provided for the 30-foot channel in 270 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1932 Hackensack River above the Central Railroad of New Jersey bridge (H. Doc. No. 429, 69th Cong., 1st sess.). The two last-mentioned documents and House Document No. 156, Seventy-first Congress, second session contain the latest published maps. Reoommen d modifcltions of project.---None. Loal coopertian.--The river and harbor act approved September 22, 1922, authorized the 30-foot channel in Newark Bay and in Hack- ensack River below the Central Railroad of New Jersey bridge in accordance with the following conditions: (a) That no work shall be done below Port Newark Terminal until the Sec- retary of War shall have been satisfied that the city of Newark, N. J., or pri- vate interests will dredge and maintain that part of Port Newark Terminal Channel which lies between the United States pierhead line and the Newark and Elizabeth branch of the Central Railroad of New Jersey, crossing the ter- minal property, to the same dimensions as may be authorized for that part of this channel outside the United States pierhead line. (b) That no work shall be done above Port Newark until the Secretary of War shall have been satisfied that the city of Jersey City, N. J., or private interests will dredge and maintain a connecting channel to a depth of not less than that of the main channel and of suitable width, leading from the main channel to the terminal wharves to be constructed by the city. (c) That no work shall be done below the Newark Terminal until the Sec- retary oof War shall have been satisfied that the city of Newark, N. J., will pro- vide suitable public terminals open to all under equal and reasonable terms; and that no work shall be done above Newark Terminal until the Secretary of War shall have been satisfied that the city of Jersey City, N. J., will provide similar public terminals. (d) That no work shall be done below the Port Newark Terminal until the Secretary of War shall have been satisfied that the city of Newark or other interested parties will, whenever required by him, provide areas satisfactory to the Chief of Engineers for the disposal of part or all of the material to be dredged and will construct dikes or bulkheads satisfactory to the Chief of Engineers to retain such dredged material; and that no work shall be done above Port Newark Terminal until similar conditions have been complied with by the city of Jersey City or other interested parties. (e) That no work shall be done until the project for a 30-foot depth in Kill van Kull shall have been adopted by Congress. These conditions have been met. Approval was given by the Secretary of War on July 9, 1923, to proceed with work below Port Newark Terminal, and on January 4, 1924, with work above that terminal. The river and harbor act approved January 21, 1927, authorized the 30-foot channel in Hackensack River above the Central Railroad of New Jersey bridge, subject to the condition that local interests furnish satisfactory areas for the disposal of material excavated in carrying out the project and its subsequent maintenance. This con- dition has been met in so far as new work is concerned, and authority to proceed with. the work was granted by the Secretary of War January 25, 1928. The river and harbor act approved January 21, 1927, authorized the 10-foot project in Passaic River, subject to the conditions that local interests shall furnish without cost to the United States suit- able areas for the disposal of material dredged in the creation and subsequent maintenance of the channel, and shall give satisfactory assurances that they will provide a public terminal in accordance with the plans to be approved by the Chief of Engineers and the Secretary of War, fulfillment of these conditions to precede the initiation of work by the United States. These conditions have been RIVERS AND HARBORS-SECOND NEW YORK, N. Y., DISTRICT 27t met by local interests, and authority to proceed with the work was granted by the Secretary of War on November 23, 1929. Terminal facilities.-There are 10 private wharves and 5 publicly owned wharves or terminals in Newark Bay. One of the latter, Port Newark Terminal, has been extensively developed by the city of Newark. It was originally developed for a public terminal, but. during the war a large part of it was taken over for war emergency work by the United States Quartermaster Department and by the. Submarine Boat Corporation, which company later organized a: subsidiary company known as the Transmarine Corporation, but is. now in receivership. The quartermaster depot has been leased by the United States to a private individual, who is utilizing and sub- leasing it for commercial and terminal purposes. The city of New- ark is proceeding with the development of other parts of this ter-- minal along the lines of its original plans, and several private indi- viduals have located their industries at the terminal and are utiliz- ing its facilities. The city of Bayonne has recently bulkheaded two. areas in Newark Bay, which will be used for park and pleasure. purposes. The Hudson County Park Commission has a similar area on the east side of the bay. The city of Bayonne has a public wharf" at the foot of West Twenty-fifth Street, Bayonne. Practically all these terminals have good rail and highway connections. There are publicly owned lands 'at different points along the, Hackensack River. The city of Jersey City owns a serviceable public wharf above and adjoining the Newark Turnpike Bridge. The city of Jersey City also has large landholdings on the river at Droyers, Point which it is developing for public-terminal purposes. About six private wharves are open to public use. There are 31 wharves. whose use is confined to private industry. The terminals are ade- quate for existing commerce. They practically all have railroad and. highway connections. Between the mouth of the Passaic River and .the Montclair and Greenwood Lake railroad bridge there are 2 publicly owned wharves, 2 privately owned wharves open to the public, and 9& private wharves. Above this bridge are located 33 privately owned wharves. The terminals in the lower section of the river are ade- quate and well equipped; in the upper section they are small and not so well equipped, consisting generally of timber bulkheads back- filled with dirt. Practically all docks have easy connection with railroads and highways. Space is available for construction of terminals all along the waterway. (For further details see Port Series Report No. 20, pts. 2 and 3, Corps of Engineers.) Operations and results during fiscal year.-A contract dated July 15, 1930, for dredging under the 10-foot project in Passaic River- from the upper end of Belleville bar to the upper end of the project at Eighth Street, Passaic, exclusive of the rock area above the Rutherford Avenue Bridge in progress at the beginning of the fiscal year was continued and completed on February 16, 1932. The total amount of material removed and accepted during the year was. 589,110 cubic yards, of which 536,179 was new work and 52,931 was. redredging. The material was disposed of on the adjoining lands. above high water. 140960--ENG 1932-- 18 ~272 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY 1932 A contract dated January 16, 1931, for dredging and rock removal ,under the 10-foot project in Passaic River above the Rutherford Avenue Bridge in progress at the beginning of the fiscal year was ,of .continued and completed on November 25, 1931. The total amount material removed and accepted during the year was 65,856 cubic yards, which was disposed of by rehandling ashore. An emergency contract dated April 16, 1931, for dredging under ythe 30-foot project in Passaic River in progress at the beginning of .the fiscal year, was continued and completed on December 1, 1931. The total amount of material removed and accepted during the year was 1,430,706 cubic yards which was disposed of ashore in the vicinity of the work. An emergency contract dated February 23, 1932, for dredging ,under the 10-foot project in Passaic River was commenced on March 28, 1932, and completed on April 20, 1932. There was removed 8,735 cubic yards of hard material which was disposed of by rehandling ashore. A contract dated May 7, 1932, for maintenance dredging in the 12- foot project in Hackensack River from Little Ferry to the upper vend of the project at Hackensack was commenced on May 2, 1932, ,and was in progress at the close of the fiscal year. The total amount of material removed and accepted during the year was 98,490 cubic ,yards which was disposed of ashore. A .contract dated June 7, 1932, for dredging and rock removal under the 10-foot project in Passaic River comprising the removal .of 6 scattered rock shoals was commenced on June 20, 1932, and was in progress at the close of the fiscal year. The total amount of ma- terial removed and accepted during the year was 3,202 cubic yards -which was disposed of behind the bulkhead line in the vicinity of ,the work. Bids for maintenance dredging of the 16-foot project in Passaic River from the vicinity of the Congoleum Manufacturing Co. up to the bridge of the Montclair & Greenwood Lake Branch of the Erie Railroad were opened on June 28, 1932. A satisfactory bid was received but a contract had not been entered into prior to the end ,of the fiscal year. The costs for the year were $928,081.97 for new work and $45,074.53 for maintenance, a total of $973,156.50. The total expenditures were $1,194,460.44. Condition at end of fiscal year.-The project, as revised in 1930, is about 70 per cent completed. The 30-foot channel in Newark pay and Hackensack River is completed; the Port Newark Terminal Channel is completed; the 12-foot channel in Hackensack River is completed except for the removal of some loose rock in the high- way bridge draw at Little Ferry; two hundred feet of the 300-foot wide 30-foot channel in Passaic River is completed; the 20-foot channel in Passaic River is completed to Jackson Street, Newark; the 16-foot channel in Passaic River is completed; work is in prog- ress on the 10-foot channel in Passaic River above the Montclair & (Greenwood Lake Railroad bridge and is about 90 per cent completed. The controlling mean low-water depths on June 30, 1932, were as follows: 30 feet in Newark Bay, including the Port Newark Ter- ,minal Channel; thence 30 feet in Hackensack River to a point 2,000 RIVERS AND HARBORS-SECOND NEW YORK, N. Y., DISTRICT 273 feet above the Delaware, Lackawanna & Western Railroad bridge; thence 12 feet to the highway bridge at Little Ferry, from 9 to 10 feet through this bridge; thence 12 feet to 1,500 feet above Gas Works Creek, and thence 101/2 feet to the head of the project at the New York, Susquehanna & Western Railroad bridge, Hackensack, which is practically the present upper limit for commercial-boat navigation, and in the Passaic River 30 feet to 3,000 feet above Lincoln Highway Bridge, 200 feet wide on westerly side of channel; thence 16 feet to the Erie Railroad bridge (Newark Branch) ; thence 14 feet to Nairn Linoleum Works (Congoleum Co.); thence 8 to 10 feet to the Montclair & Greenwood Lake Railroad bridge; thence 10 feet to the upper end of the project at Eighth Street, Passaic, excepting 6 scattered rock shoals. There is some commercial-boat navigation up to Wall Street, about three-fourths of a mile above Eighth Street. The following work remains to be done to complete the project: The completion of the removal of some loose rock in the draw of the Little Ferry Highway Bridge in the 12-foot channel in Hackensack River; the completion of the 30-foot channel in Passaic River authorized by the 1930 river and harbor act; the completion of the 20-foot channel in Passaic River above Jackson Street which includes the removal of a small quantity of rock on the west side of the channel above the Center Street Bridge; and the removal of 6 rock shoals in the 10-foot channel. The costs of the existing project to the end of the fiscal year were, for new work, $4,811,025.98, and for maintenance $909,521.70, a total of $5,720,547.68. The total expenditures under the existing project were $5,702,222.94. Proposed operations.-It is proposed to apply the funds unex- pended on June 30, 1932, amounting to $95,392.54, as follows: Accounts payable June 30, 1932 _____------- -----_ $18, 324. 74 New work: Passaic River, 10-foot channel-Dredging and rock re- moval under an existing contract for the removal of six rock shoals (July to October 1932) __------------------------------------ 61, 492. 48 Maintenance: Hackensack River, 12-foot channel-Dredging to re- store project dimensions under an existing contract from the vicinity of the highway bridge at Little Ferry upstream to the head of the project at Hackensack (July and August 1932)-...-. 15, 575. 32 Total for all work ___-----------________ -- -- -____ 95, 392. 54 The funds will be expended at an average rate of about $15,000 per month and will be practically exhausted by December 30, 1932. With allotments expected to be made available after bids have been received and the cost of the work is more definitely known, the fol- lowing work is also proposed for the fiscal year 1933: New work: Passaic River, 30-foot channel--To complete the entire 30-foot .channel to full project dimensions by contract (September, 1932, to June 30, 1933). Total estimated cost $200,000. Maintenance: Passaic River, 16-foot project: Dredging to restore project di- nensions from the Congoleum Works upstream to the vicinity of the Montclair & Greenwood Lake Railroad bridge (August to November, 1932). Estimated cost $95,000. The foregoing operations will complete all new work under the project except the section of the 20-foot project in Passaic River .above Jackson Street, which property owners requested in 1916 be not deepened. 274 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1932 The additional sum of $123,000 can be profitably expended during the fiscal year 1934, in maintenance dredging to restore project di- mensions by contract or United States plant in Lower Newark Bay, Hackensack and Passaic Rivers (September, 1933, to July, 1934). NEWARK BAY, N. J. Commercial statistic.-The commerce for the calendar year 1931 consisted mainly of petroleum and petroleum products, lumber, re- fined oils, fruits and vegetables, raw sugar, building material, fuel oil, mineral-earth pigments, paper and manufactures, general cargo, coal-tar pitch, and naval stores. Comparative statement Vessel traffic Calendar year Passengers Short tons Value 1929 ------------------------------------------------- 1, 813, 559 $77, 811, 660 2,382 1930 ------------------------------------------------- 1, 790,691 66, 286, 010 2, 160 1931 ----------------------------------------------- 1, 808,470 65, 507, 812 3, 584 NOTE.-Tonnage and value figures, for this waterway, for years previous to 1929, have been combined with those for Hackensack and Passaic Rivers. Exclusive of the following traffic: Cargoes in transit Calendar year SShort tons Value 1929--- ------------------------ --------------------------- 7, 305, 731 $242, 842, 498 1930 ----------------------------------------------------------- 7, 158, 550 237, 950, 202 1931 ----------------------------------------------------------- 5, 430, 878 78, 421, 878 The commerce for 1931 was carried in vessels usually loaded to drafts of 6 to 30 feet. HACKENSACK RIVER, N. J. The commerce for the calendar year 1931 consisted mainly of coal and- coke, building material, fuel oil, refined oils, crude coal-tar, creosote, and petroleum and petroleum products. Comparative statement Vessel traffic Calendar year Short tons Value 1929 ----------------------------------------------------------- 1930..---------------------------------------------------- 3,743,684 $38, 780,289 ..-------- 4, 127, 378 41, 377, 622 1931 ..................--------------------------------------- 3, 068, 926 14, 848, 354 NoTE.-Tonnage and value figures, for this waterway, for years previous to 1929 have been combined with those for Newark Bay and Passaic River. RIVERS AND HARBORS-SECOND NEW YORK, N. Y., DISTRICT 275 Exclusive of the following traffic: : h,:I Calen4ar year 1931.--------- -------------------------------------------.... 642 $192,600 The decreased tonnage figure for 1931 is due to decreased tonnages of coal, sand and gravel, and crushed stone. The lower average per ton value for 1931 is due to revision of values. The commerce for 1931 was carried in vessels usually loaded to drafts of 4 to 29 feet. PASSAIC RIVER, N. J. The commerce for the calendar year 1931 consisted mainly of build- ing material, coal and coke, refined oils, fuel oil, petroleum prod- ucts, general cargo, crude oil, ashes, flaxseed, gypsum, iron ore, coal- tar pitch, lumber, and molasses. Comparative statement Vessel traffic Calendar year Passengers Short tons Value 1929-........ - ---------------------------------------------- 4, 188,321$222,012,926------ 1930 -------- ------------------------------------- .----- 3,291,673 132, 037,850....-- 1931..--------------..................----------... ------------------------ .... 2, 570,792 66, 583, 870 8,438 NOTE.-Tonnage and value figures, for this waterway, for years previous to 1929, have been combined with those for1Newark Bay and Hackensack River. Exclusive of the following traffic: Car-ferry Calendar year Short tons Value 1931 ----------------------------------------------------------------- 660 $198,000 The lower average per ton value for 1931 is due to: (a) Decreased tonnages of automobiles and parts and general cargo, and (b) revi- sion of values. The decreased tonnage figure is due to decreased tonnages of sand and gravel, crushed stone, coal, and cement. The commerce for 1931 was carried in vessels usually loaded to drafts of 5 to 24 feet. 276 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1932 Cost and ftnoia i summary Cost of new work to June 30, 1932------- ------------------- Cost of maintenance to June 30, 1932---- ----- _---------- $6, 566, 347. 44 1, 352, 007.14 Total cost of permanent work to June 30, 1932----------- 7, 918, 354. 58 Minus accounts payable June 30, 1932-.... _ --- 18, 324.74 1--------- Net total expenditures---------------------------- 7, 900, 029. 84 Unexpended balance June 30, 1932-__ __ 95, 392. 54 __--------------------_ Total amount appropriated to June 30, 1932-- --------- 7, 995, 422. 38 Fiscal year ending June 30 1928 1929 1930 1931 1932 Cost of new work. -------------------- $428,389. 60 $599, 385.09 $469, 883. 20 $580, 796. 93 $928, 081. 97 Cost of maintenance---....------------------ 376. 64 15, 388. 78 203, 659. 21 271,131. 48 45, 074. 53 Total cost._.--------------. 428, 766. 24 614, 773. 87 673, 542. 41 851, 928. 41 973, 156. 50 Total expended_-.---..-..-.--... -.-... - 899, 080. 82 614,193. 82 681, 776. 82 656,140. 91 1,194,460.44 Allotted-------------- ------------- 468, 500. 00 500, 000. 00 992, 000.00 671, 000. 00 72, 435. 16 Balance unexpended July 1, 1931______ ------------ $1, 217, 417. 82 Amount allotted from War Department appropria- tion act approved Feb. 28, 1929 - $35, 000.00 Amount allotted from War Department appropria- tion act approved May 28, 1930_ ---- 56, 935. 16 Amount allotted from War Department appropria- tion act approved Feb. 23, 1931_ ._ _ 240, 000. 00 Amount allotted from War Department appropria- tion act approved Mar. 26, 1930 29, 000. 00 360, 935. 16 Amount to be accounted for...-----------------------1, 578, 352. 98 Deductions on account of revocation of allotment..---.------- 288, 500. 00 Net amount to be accounted for__ 1, 289, 852. 98 Gross amount expended----------------- 1,203, 319. 68 Less reimbursements collected ---------- ----- 8, 859. 24 1, 194, 460. 44 Balance unexpended June 30, 1932_ 95, 392. 54 Outstanding liabilities June 30, 1932 ---------- 18, 324. 74 Amount covered by uncompleted contracts-------- 77, 067. 80 95, 392.54 Amount (estimated) required to be appropriated for completion of existing project 1------------------------------------ 2, 048, 500. 00 Amount that can be profitably expended in fiscal year ending - --- --- ----- --- - June 30, 1934, for maintenance -- - - - - - - - - - - - 123, 000. 00 2. NEW YORK AND NEW JERSEY CHANNELS Location and description.-These channels extend from deep water in the main channel northwest of Sandy Hook, through Lower New York Bay and Raritan Bay, to Perth Amboy, and thence through Arthur Kill, lower Newark Bay, and Kill van Kull, known collec- tively as Staten Island Sound, to deep water in Upper New York Bay. This route is located approximately along the boundary line between the States of New York and New Jersey. Its length is 1 Exclusive of available funds. RIVERS AND HARBORS-SECOND NEW YORK, N. Y., DISTRICT 277 about 30.5 miles, distributed as follows: 13.5 miles in Lower New York and Raritan Bays, 12 miles in Arthur Kill, 2 miles in lower Newark Bay, and 3 miles in Kill van Kull. A branch channel north of Shooters Island in lower Newark Bay is about 1 mile long, thus giving a total length of about 31.5 miles for the channels included under this title. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Charts Nos. 285, 286, and 369.) Original condition.-In their original condition the natural chan' nels had a controlling depth at mean low water of about 24 feet in Lower New York Bay, 14.5 feet in Raritan Bay to Perth Amboy, between 14 and 15 feet in Staten Island Sound, and about 2 feet in the channel north of Shooters Island. The width varied from 100' to 1,000 feet. Previous projects.-The original project for Raritan Bay was: adopted by the act of March 3, 1881, and modified by the acts of September 19, 1890, and June 3, 1896. The original project for Staten Island Sound was adopted by the act of June 23, 1874, and modified by the acts of March 3, 1875, June 14, 1880, August 11, 1888, May 15, 1889, October 20, 1890, June 3, 1896, June 13 1902, June 25, 1910, and March 4, 1913. The total cost and expenditures° under previous projects prior to the adoption of the existing project in 1896 were $3,114,935.41 for new work and $584,557.24 for main- tenance, a total of $3,699,492.65. For further details of previous projects see pages 362, 366, and 374 of the Annual Report for 1921. Existing project.-This provides for a channel 30 feet deep and 400 feet wide from deep water in Lower New York Bay through Raritan Bay and Staten Island Sound to Upper New York Bay,- with a branch channel north of Shooters Island, 20 feet deep and 400? feet wide, protected by a dike on its northern side, and the main- tenance of a branch channel in Raritan Bay to South Amboy, 21 feet deep and 300 feet wide, which was completed under a previous project. All depths refer to mean low water. The mean range of tides varies between 4.7 and 5 feet. Extreme easterly or westerly winds produce fluctuations of 1 to 3 feet above or below the meant range. The estimate of cost, made in 1918, is $10,400,000 for new work, exclusive of amounts expended under previous projects, and $118,000' for annual maintenance. The existing project was authorized by the following river and harbor acts: The act of June 3, 1896, provided for the 21-foot chan- nel to South Amboy (H. Doc. No. 298, 53d Cong., 3d sess.), and the act of September 22, 1922, provided for the other channels (H. Doc. No. 653, 66th Cong., 2d sess.). The latest published maps are printed in the last-mentioned document. Recommended modifications of project.--Under date of January 30, 1930, the Chief of Engineers recommended modification of the existing project so as to provide for an anchorage area at Perth Amboy, 33 feet deep and of sufficient size for three vessels, at an estimated cost of $390,000 with $10,000 annually for maintenance in addition to that now required. (R. & H. Com. Doc. No. 17, 71st Cong., 2d sess.) Local cooperation.-None. Terminal facilities.-There are 7 publicly owned wharves and 289 private wharves and piers, used with few exceptions exclusively by 278 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1932 their owners, fronting on Staten Island Sound. One of the public wharves has direct railroad connections and one has mechanical appliances for handling freight, and they all have good highway -connections. Eighty-two of the privately owned wharves or piers have direct railroad connections, and 118 have mechanical appliances for handling freight, which vary from the simple derrick to the IMcMyler type of coal tipple for transferring coal from rail to water carriers. All the terminals are generally efficient and adequate for the particular purpose for which they are used. Although there is no demand for well-equipped public terminals at the present time, the time is not far distant when as a result of all available manufac- turing sites being taken up along the water fronts, especially on the New Jersey side of Staten Island Sound, concerns will have to locate -inland and the State or local authorities will have to provide ade- quate terminals, or industrial development depending on water-borne trafic will stop. (For further details see Port Series, No. 20, Parts II and III, Corps of Engineers.) Operations and results during fiscal year.--A contract for dredg- ing and rock removal in the channel north of Shooters Island; in the easterly half of the channel from Pralls Island to opposite Rah- way Avenue, Carteret; in the entire width of the channel from opposite Rahway Avenue, Carteret, to opposite Little Fresh Kills and opposite the mouth of Woodbridge Creek, in progress at the beginning of the fiscal year was continued throughout the year. The total amount of material removed and accepted during the year was 71,996 cubic yards. An emergency contract for removal of soft material and blasted rock on the channel slopes opposite the American Mineral Spirits plant at Carteret, N. J., was commenced on June 2, 1932, and com- pleted on June 17, 1932. The total amount of material removed and accepted was 1,143 cubic yards of soft material and blasted rock and 73 cubic yards of bowlders exceeding 3 cubic yards each. The total cost for the year was $611,835.70 for new work and $2,727.83 for maintenance, a total of $614,563.53. The total ex- penditures were $575,777.35. Condition at end of fisoal year.-The project is about 93 per cent completed. A dredging and rock removal contract in force will complete the 400-foot project. Work under the project is completed except for the removal of rock and overburden in the easterly half of the channel in the vicinity of Little Fresh Kills, about one-fourth mile in length and a small amount of rock in the westerly half of the channel north of Shooters Island. On June 30, 1932, the controlling depth throughout the entire length of the 30-foot section of the New York and New Jersey Channels was 30 feet at mean low water. This depth was available for the full width of the channel except for a section opposite Carteret, N. J., where only the westerly 200 feet have been completed to 30 feet. The easterly 200 feet of the channel in this section for about 1,100 feet in the vicinity of Little Fresh Kills has a controlling depth of 27 feet at mean low water. The controlling depth in the channel north of Shooters Island was 20 feet at mean low water in the northerly half and 18 feet in the southerly half. There remains to be done to complete the project under a contract now in force, the removal of rock shoals in the southerly half of the RIVERS AND HARBORS-SECOND NEW YORK, N. Y., DISTRICT 279> channel north of Shooters Island, and rock removal of the easterly half of the channel in the vicinity of Little Fresh Kills. The costs of existing project to the end of the fiscal year were $9,649,279.39 for new work and $141,598.69 for maintenance, a total of $9,734,250.72. The total expenditures under the existing project. were 9,631,084.98. Proposed operations.-It is proposed to apply the funds unex- pended and accounts receivable on June 30, 1932, together with an expected allotment of $118,000 to be made after the cost of mainte- nance dredging is definitely known, a total of $487,429.41, as follows: Accounts payable June 30, 1932---------------------------- $185, 603. 39 New work: Dredging and rock removal under an existing contract in the channel north of Shooters Island and the easterly half of the channel from opposite Rahway Avenue, Carteret, to opposite Little Fresh Kills (July to September, 1932) __ --_ _---___-- 58, 156. 67 Reallotted for maintenance work in 16-foot project, Passaic River, N. J----------------------------------------- 95, 000. 00 To be revoked and reallotted for maintenance work in Washington Canal and South River, N. J------------------ _--_--- --- 8, 000. 00 Maintenance: Dredging for removal of shoals in Raritan Bay, Staten Island Sound, and channel north of Shooters Island, by United States plant or by contract (December, 1932, to June, 1933) ------- ------------------------------- 140, 669. 35 Total for all work---------------------------------- 487, 429. 41 The proposed new work will complete all work under the project. The additional sum of $118,000 can be profitably expended during the fiscal year 1934 in maintenance dredging by contract or by Gov- ernment plant to restore project dimensions where shoals periodically occur in the Raritan Bay and Staten Island Sound Channels (March to June, 1934). Commercial statistics.-The commerce for the calendar year 1931 consisted mainly of coal, petroleum and petroleum products, fuel and gas oil, refined oils, building material, general cargo and ores, metals and manufactures. Comparative statement Vessel traffic Vessel traffcl Calendar Passen- Calendar Passen- year gers year gers Short tons Value Short tons Value 1927........ 41,199, 416 $1, 234,415, 723 5, 794,884 1930-........40,822,181 $1, 145,509, 892 4,001,041 1928-..... 39,707,855 1,169,249,008 4, 716,897 188, 476, 614 1931........ 674, 494,685 ,456, 81 1929........ 42, 636, 620 1, 281, 894, 678 4,626, 828 1 In addition to the above tonnage figure, 795 tons of cellar dirt were shipped from this waterway and disposed of at sea. Exclusive of the following traffic: Car ferry Cargoes in transit Calendar year Short tons Value Short tons Value 1927------------------------------------------------- ------ 15,205,564$380,137,100 1928 ----------------------------------- 1, 874, 117 $562, 235, 100 8,494, 514 212,362, 860 1929-------------- 1,243, 940 182,000 084, 838 1373, 202, 120, 950 1930---------------------------------- 239, 140 1, 371,742, 000 7,890, 343 197, 258, 575 1931-----..................-.....-----. . 1,164, 773 349, 431, 900 5, 802, 696 116, 053, 920 1 In 1928, 452,008 tons were reported erroneously in the channel instead of in the East River. 280 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1932 The lower average per ton value for 1931 is due to: (a) Decreased tonnages of crude oil and coal, (b) increased tonnages of fuel and gas oil, and (c) revision of values. The commerce for 1931 was carried in vessels usually loaded to drafts of 4 to 33 feet. Cost and ftnanctal s lrnsury Cost of new work to June 30, 1932__----------- $12, 764, 214. 80 Cost of maintenance to June 30, 1932 --------- -------- 726,155. 93 Total cost of permanent work to June 30, 1932 --.----- 13, 490, 370.73 Value of plant, materials, etc., on hand June 30, 1932_-------- 15,338. 36 Net total cost to June 30, 1932 1---__-------- 13, 505, 709. 09 Plus accounts receivable June 30, 1932 .----- - ------- 10,471. 93 Gross total costs to June 30, 1932 .. ____________-_-13, 516, 181. 02 Minus accounts payable June 30, 1932- __-- ------------ 185, 603. 39 Net total expenditures---- --------------------- 13, 330, 577. 63 Unexpended balance June 30, 1932 ------------------- 358, 957.48 Total amount appropriated to June 30, 1932__-__ - 13, 689, 535.11 Fiscal year ending June 30 1928 1929 1930 1931 1932 Cost of new work..------- ------------- $911,644. 72 $535,908. 62 $548,016.89 $771,943. 70 $611, 835. 70 Cost of maintenance- ---------------------------- 3,182. 13 55, 880. 76 75, 369. 51 2, 727.83 Total cost--------------------- 911,644.72 539,090.75 603,;897. 65 847, 313.21 614, 563.53 Total expended.......---------------------- 897, 259.08 461, 425.35 633,182. 72 821,950.93 575, 777. 35 Allotted-----......................----------------------520, 000.00 100,000.00 174,427.00 56, 800.00 -84, 935.16 Balance unexpended July 1, 1931-------------------------- $1,019, 669. 99 Deductions on account of revocation of allotment------------- -84, 935. 16 Net amount to be accounted for _______ _ _______----934, 734. 83 Gross amount expended ---------------------- $699, 619.53 Less: Reimbursements collected------- $123, 823.38 Receipts from sales-------------- 18. 80 123, 842. 18 575, 777. 35 Balance unexpended June 30, 1932------ ------- --- 358, 957. 48 Outstanding liabilities June 30, 1932------------ 185, 603. 39 Amount covered by uncompleted contracts -------- 58, 156. 67 243, 760. 06 Balance available June 30, 1932- ------ ---- _- 115, 197. 42 Accounts receivable June 30, 1932 _________________---------10, 471.93 Unobligated balance available June 30, 1932_1111111- 125, 669. 35 Amount that can be profitably expended in fiscal year ending June 30, 1934, for maintenance 1- - - _- - ______ - -- - - - -- - - - - 118, 000. 00 3. ELIZABETH RIVER, N. J. Location and decription.-This river is a tidal stream throughout the section under improvement by the United States. It rises in the city of East Orange, N. J., and flows in a general southeasterly direction about 9 miles and empties into Arthur Kill at Elizabeth- 1Exclusive of available funds. RIVERS AND HARBORS-SECOND NEW YORK, N. Y., DISTRICT 281 port, about 1 mile below the junction of Arthur Kill with Newark Bay. The drainage area is about 16 square miles. The data at hand are insufficient to determine its discharge, which is, however, very slight, as the flow of the upper part of the river is governed by impounding reservoirs. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Charts Nos. 285 and 369.) Original condition.-The width in the tidal part varied from 50 to 90 feet, with a natural depth ranging from 5 to 6 feet at mean low water at the mouth, which decreased to a high-water depth of about 4 feet at Broad Street. Navigation was cut off at Broad Street, Elizabeth, N. J., about 2.7 miles above the mouth, by a bridge with- out a draw. The mean range of tides at the mouth was about 4.7 and 3.4 feet at Bridge Street. Previous projects.-The original project was adopted by the river and harbor act of March 3, 1879. The cost and expenditures on this project were $27,000 for new work and $32,944.45 for maintenance, a total of $59,944.45. For further details see page 1778 of Annual Report for 1915. Existing project.-This provides for a channel 6 feet deep at mean low water and 60 feet wide, extending from the mouth to the New York & Long Branch Railroad bridge, a distance of 1 mile. The mean range of tides at the mouth is about 4.7 feet. The estimate of cost for new work (1913) was $15,433.50, exclusive of amounts expended on previous projects. The latest (1928) ap- proved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $5,000. The existing project was adopted by the river and harbor act of March 4, 1913 (H. Doc. No. 750, 62d Cong., 2d sess.). The latest published map is printed in River and Harbor Committee Document No. 24, Seventy-second Congress, first session. Recommended modification of project.-Under date of April 21, 1932, the Chief of Engineers recommended modification of the exist- ing project to provide for a channel 12 feet deep at mean low water and 60 feet wide, widened at the bends, from the mouth to Baltic Street Bridge, a distance of 1.1 miles, at an estimated cost of $74,000, with $5,000 annually for maintenance, subject to certain conditions of local cooperation. (R. & H. Com. Doc. No. 24, 72d Cong., 1st sess.) Local cooperation.-The project was adopted subject to the condi- tions that before any work should be done by the United States local interests must furnish free of cost suitable places for the deposit of dredged material and also release the United States from all claims for damages due to the possible sloughing of the banks incident to the contemplated dredging. Local interests have complied with these conditions. Terminal faoilities.--There are 10 private concerns owning wharves fronting on the section of the river covered by the existing project, of which 4 have both rail and water facilities; the others have no railroad connections; only 1 has any mechanical appliance for han- dling freight. There is one publicly owned wharf. The facilities are adequate for existing commerce. (For further details see H. Doc. No. 652, 66th Cong., 2d sess.) Operations and results during fiscal year.-None. The total cost for the year was $1,561.22 for maintenance cost incurred during previous fiscal year. The total expenditures were $9,061.22. 282 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1932 Condition at end of fiscal year.-The project was completed in November, 1926. The controlling depth at mean low water on June 30, 1932, in the section of the channel covered by the project was about 6 feet to within 700 feet below First Avenue Bridge, thence 4 to 5 feet to within 500 feet above First Avenue Bridge, and thence 2.5 feet to the Central Railroad of New Jersey bridge. The costs of the existing project to the end of the fiscal year were $33,481.15 for new work and $10,552.17 for maintenance, a total of $44,033.32. The total expenditures under the existing project were $44,033.32. Proposed operations.-There were no funds to the credit of the improvement on June 30, 1932. The sum of $10,000 can be profitably expended during the fiscal year 1934 in maintenance dredging by contract or by Government plant to restore project dimensions from the mouth of the river upstream to the vicinity of the South First Street Bridge, a distance of about 2,000 feet. The work is expected to be done in May, 1934. This project was completed in November, 1926. Maintenance was first performed in February, 1931, at a cost of about $8,500. It is estimated that maintenance will be required again in the spring of 1934. The maintenance cost will be increased due to the neces- sity of pumping material a greater distance for disposal. Commercial statistics.-The commerce for the calendar year, 1931, consisted of sand and gravel, crushed stone, and dry felt. Comparative statement Vessel traffic Vessel traffic Calendar year Calendar year Short tons Value Short tons Value 1927. -------------------- 159, 679 $1, 283, 567 1930----------............-----------..........73, 050 $764, 451 1928. -------------------- 121, 923 1, 042, 633 1931 --------------------- 25, 870 147, 758 ----------------... 1929.. 176, 620 1, 178, 060 The decreased tonnage figure for 1931 is due chiefly to decreased receipts of sand and gravel. The lower average per ton value is due to revision of values. The commerce for 1931 was carried in vessels usually loaded to drafts of 8 to 10 feet. Cost and flnancia summary Cost of new work to June 30, 1932-------------------------- $60, 481.15 Cost of maintenance to June 30, 1932_-- --- --------------- 43, 496. 62 Total cost of permanent work to June 30, 1932--..--------- 103, 977. 77 Net total expenditures_------.------------------------ - 103,977. 77 Total amount appropriated to June 30, 1932 .------------------- 103,977.77 Fiscal year ending June 30 1928 1929 1930 1931 1932 Cots of new work------------------- ----------------------------------------------- Cost of maintenance-------------------- $448. 72 $103.45----------- $8, 438. 78 $1,561.22 Total expended- .......---------------------- 447. 96 104. 21-..-........ 938. 78 9, 061.22 Allotted.. .....-.-...........-.. . ... 8, 000.00 ---- . . --7, 447.83 10, 000.00 . ... . RIVERS AND HARBORS-SECOND NEW YORK, N. Y., DISTRICT 283 Balance unexpended July 1, 1931----------------------------- $9, 061. 22 Gross amount expended .----- ------------------------------- 9,061.22 Amount that can be profitably expended in fiscal year ending June 30, 1934, for maintenance-------------------------------- 10,000.00 4. WOODBRIDGE CREEK, N. J. Location and description.--This creek is a small crooked tidal stream, about 5 miles long, rising near Rahway and flowing southerly and easterly through marshes into the west side of Arthur Kill, or Staten Island Sound, 2 miles north of Perth Amboy, N. J. It is navigable to the second highway bridge, 23/s miles above the mouth. The drainage area is about 9.6 square miles. The data at hand are insufficient to determine the discharge, which is small. The average width between banks is about 125 feet. (See U. S. Coast andGeo- detic Survey Charts Nos. 286 and 369.) Originalcondition.-Navigationwas limited to the following mean low-water depths: Over bars at the mouth, 41/2 feet; thence to Ad- dick's dock, about 1 mile, 7 to 8 feet; thence one-half mile to vicinity of Valentine's dock, about 5 feet; and thence to the highway bridge, the head of navigation, from 2 to 3 feet. The limiting width for practical navigation was about 50 feet. Previous project.-The original project was adopted by the river and harbor act of March 3, 1879. The cost and expenditures, all for new work, under this project, were $19,000. Work under the existing project began in 1902. For further details see page 1777 of annual report for 1915. Existing project.-This provides for a channel 8 feet deep at mean low water, 50 feet wide on the bottom and 75 feet wide on top, extending from Arthur Kill to the Salamander Dock, a distance of about 9,600 feet. The mean range of tides is about 5 feet. High easterly or westerly winds cause tidal fluctuations of about 2 feet above and below the mean range. The estimate of cost for new work, made in 1902, was $35,000, exclusive of amounts expended on previous projects. The latest (1928) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $5,000. The existing project was adopted by the river and harbor act of June 13, 1902. (H. Doec. No. 282, 56th Cong., 1st sess., and Annual Report for 1900, p. 1552.) The latest published map is in the project document. Recommended modifications of project.-None. Local cooperation.-None. Terminal facilities.-There are two publicly owned wharves and one privately owned wharf on this creek, whose facilities are open to all on equal terms. There are seven private wharves used exclusively for private business. These terminals are in fair condition and ade- quately provide for the handling of the existing commerce. (For further details see H. Doc. No. 652, 66th Cong., 2d sess.) Operations and results during fiscal year.-None. No costs were incurred during the year. Expenditures during the year, amounting to $10,982.45, were in settlement of costs for maintenance incurred in the previous year. Condition at end of fiscal year.-The existing project was com- pIeted in 1908 at a saving of $4,177 under the estimated cost. Main- 284 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1932 tenance dredging has been performed several times since that date. The controlling depth at mean low water on June 30, 1932, was about 8 feet from the mouth of the creek to the upper end of the project. The costs of the existing project to the end of the fiscal year were $30,822.70 for new work, $128,325.43 for maintenance; a total of $159,148.13. The total expenditures under the existing project were $159,148.13. Proposed operations.-Therewere no funds to the credit of this im- provement on June 30, 1932. The sum of $10,000 can be profitably expended during the fiscal year 1934 in maintenance dredging by contract or by Government plant to restore project dimensions from the mouth of the creek up- stream to the town dock 1.3 miles. The work will be done during December, 1933. Commercial statitics.-The commerce for the calendar year 1931 consisted of building material, gasoline, fuel oil, and clay. Comparative statement Vessel traffic Vessel traffic Calendar year Calendar year Short tons Value Short tons Value 1927---------------------...................... 74, 628 $1, 788,447 1930---------------------31,778 $402, 307 1928-------------------- 66, 924 1, 347, 812 1931--------------------- 17, 415 210, 551 1929- ------------------ 66,118 1, 079, 284 The decreased tonnage and value figures for 1931 are due to de- creased tonnages of brick, fuel oil, hollow tile, and clay. The commerce for 1931 was carried in vessels usually loaded to drafts of 5 to 10 feet. Cost and financial summary Cost of new work to June 30, 1932-_- ---- __---------- $49, 822. 70 Cost of maintenance to June 30, 1932___-----____------------------ 128, 325.43 Total cost of permanent work to June 30, 1932-__---.--- - 178, 148. 13 Net total expenditures------------------------------------178, 148. 13 Total amount appropriated to June 30, 1932------------------ 178, 148.13 Fiscal year ending June 30 1928 1929 1930 1931 1932 Cost of new work------------------- Cost of maintenance_.------------------------ -$15,831.14 $12,781.34 $30, 000.00---------- Total expended .. ............----------............ 3, 826. 71 24, 785. 77 16, 948. 31 $10,982.45 Allotted.........-------------------------- ------------ 25, 000. 00 2, 767. 37 30, 000.00 -2, 069. 24 Balance unexpended July 1, 1931__------------ ------------- $13, 051. 69 Deductions on account of revocation of allotment--- ,_---------- 2, 069. 24 Net amount to be accounted for .. _------- _ _ --------- 10, 982. 45 Gross amount expended----...--.. ------------------------------ 10, 982. 45 Amount that can be profitably expended in fiscal year ending June 30, 1934, for maintenance-..... --------------------- 10, 000.00 RIVERS AND HARBORS-SECOND NEW YORK, N. Y., DISTRICT 285 5. GREAT KILLS, STATEN ISLAND, N. Y. No work has been done under the project and no funds have been allotted, due to nonfulfillment of conditions as to local cooperation. (For further details see Annual Report for 1928, p. 318.) Commercial statistics.-The commerce for the calendar year 1931 consisted of sand and gravel. Comparative statement Vessel traffic Calendar year Short tons Value 1930-..-.-------- ----------------------------------------------------- 9, 563 $11,954 1931. -------------------------------------------------------------- 2, 665 1, 866 NOTE.-No statistics were submitted for preceding years. The lower average per ton value for 1931 is due to decreased ton- nage of sand and gravel and revision of values. The commerce for 1931 was carried in vessels loaded to drafts of 9 feet. Cost and finanoial summary Cost of new work to June 30, 1932----------------------------- ------ Cost of maintenance to June 30, 1932------------- ----------- ------ Net total expenditures..---------------------------- -----.. Total amount appropriated to June 30, 1932--------- ------ -------- Amount (estimated) required to be appropriated for completion of existing project ----------------------------------- ----- $62, 000 6. RARITAN RIVER, N. J. Location and description.-This river is a moderate-sized stream about 70 miles long, rising in the north central part of New Jersey and flowing in a general southeasterly direction into Raritan Bay, between Perth Amboy and South Amboy. The drainage area is about 1,105 square miles. The river is tidal for about 13 miles. The average width between banks is about 3,000 feet to Crab Island, 3.5 miles; thence about 500 feet to New Brunswick. The minimum dis- charge is about 144 second-feet; the maximum flood discharge has been estimated at 42,548 second-feet. (For location see U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Chart No. 375.) Original condition.-There were depths of 13.5 feet at mean low water up to the New York & Long Branch division bridge of the Cen- tral Railroad of New Jersey, thence 20 feet with a width of 400 feet and more to the "Stakes," about 3.3 miles above the mouth. Above this point to New Brunswick, which was the head of navigation, there were many shoals, where the depths varied from 6.5 to 8.5 feet, and widths from 100 to 400 feet. Above New Brunswick there were rapids and navigation was limited to rowboats and canoes. Previous projects.--A survey of Raritan River for the improve- ment of New Brunswick Harbor was made in 1836, and in the fol- lowing year $13,963 was appropriated for the work, but the records of this office do not show what work was done. Subsequent projects 286 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1932 were adopted by the river and harbor acts of June 18, 1878, and March 3, 1881. The cost and expenditures on previous projects have been $6783,155.82 for new work and $111,419.43 for maintenance, a total of $784,574.75. For further details see page 1777 of Annual Report for 1915 and page 359 of Annual Report for 1918. Emisting project.-This provides for a channel 25 feet deep and 300 feet wide extending from the turn in New York and New Jersey Channels near Great Beds Light to deep water above the bridge of the New York and Long Branch division of the Central Railroad of New Jersey; thence a channel 15 feet deep and 200 feet wide, ex- tending from deep water at Keasby to Washington Canal, a distance of 4.7 miles; thence 10 feet deep in soft material', 11 feet in rock, and generally 100 feet wide with widening at bends to the Delaware and Raritan Canal entrance at New Brunswick, a distance of 5.3 miles; and for the south channel between Crab Island and the vicinity of Ostranders Dock 3.2 miles long, 10 feet deep, and 150 feet wide. The plane of reference is mean low water. The mean range of tides is about 5 feet at the mouth of the river and 51/2 feet at New Bruns- wick. High easterly or westerly winds cause irregular tidal fluctua- tions from I to 2 feet above or below the mean range. The estimate of cost for new work, revised in 1930, is $748,000, exclusive of amounts expended on previous projects. The latest (1930) approved estimate for annual' cost of maintenance is $30,000. The existing project was authorized by the following river and harbor acts: The act of March 2, 1919, provided for the 15-foot ,channel and the south channel (H. Doc. No. 1341, 62d Cong., .3d sess.); the act of July 3, 1930, provided for the 25-foot channel (H. Doc. No. 127, 70th Cong., 1st sess.), the 10-foot channel in soft material, and 11 feet in rock (H. Doc. No. 454, 70th Cong., 2d sess.), and the change in location of the lower reach of the South Channel (H. Com. Doc. No. 31, 71st Cong., 2d sess.). The latest published snaps are in the project documents. Recommended modiflcations of project.--None. Local cooperation.-The river and harbor act approved July 3, 1930, authorized a change in the lower reach of the South Channel subject to the provisions that no work shall be undertaken until' :assurances satisfactory to the Secretary of War and the Chief of Engineers are received that one or more new terminals will be con- ,structed on the South Channel, and that necessary spoil-disposal areas will be furnished free of cost to the United States when required. Terminal facilities.-The city of Perth Amboy owns about 1,875 feet of undeveloped frontage on Raritan River. The city of New Brunswick owns three small sites located on the Delaware and Raritan Canal, one of which has a small' wharf on it. The city of New Brunswick owns a considerable frontage on the river below the outlet locks of the Delaware and Raritan Canal, and has constructed a public terminal on the site. Other private termi- nals are open to public use. The Government has established a large ammunition and storage depot and arsenal on Raritan River known as Raritan Arsenal. Thirty-eight other wharves are located on Rari- RIVERS AND HARBORS-SECOND NEW YORK, N. Y., DISTRICT 287 tan River and on the Delaware and Raritan Canal at New Bruns- wick, N. J. The terminals seem sufficient to provide for the needs of existing commerce. (For further details see Port Series No. 20, Parts II and III Cotps of Engineers.) Operationsadr s' dwng fiscal year.-An emergency contract for dredging and rock removal under the 10 and 11 foot project in the upper Raritan River from the lower canal lock at New Bruns- wick downstream about 3,400 feet in progress at the beginning of the fiscal year was continued and completed on September 4, 1931. The total amount of material removed and accepted during the year was 32,567 cubic yards, which was rehandled ashore. A contract for dredging and rock removal under the 10 and 11 foot project in the upper Raritan River from a point about 3,400 feet below the canal lock at New Brunswick downstream about 6,000 feet was commenced on October 22, 1931, and completed on April 21, 1932. The total amount of material removed and accepted was 73,135 cubic yards which was disposed of by pumping ashore. The cost for maintenance was $2,141.05 for preliminary expenses incurred in connection with proposed maintenance operations. The total cost for the year was $168,821.24 for new work and $2,141.05 for maintenance, a total of $170,962.29. The total ex- penditures were $209,103.26. Condition at end of fiscal year.-Work under the project is about 90 per cent completed. A channel 25 feet deep at mean low water and 300 feet wide has been completed from the Lurn in the New York and New Jersey Channels near Great Beds Light to deep water above the Long Branch division bridge of the Central Railroad of New Jersey, 2.1 miles above the junction with the New York and New Jersey Channels; thence natural deep water for 2.2 miles; thence a channel 15 feet deep and 200 feet wide has been completed to the mouth of Washington Canal, 4.2 miles; thence a channel has been completed 10 and 11 feet deep and 100 feet wide to the canal outlet lock at New Brunswick, a distance of 5.3 miles. The south channel has been dredged 10 feet deep and 150 feet wide for a dis- tance of 14,500 feet. The mean low water controlling depths on June 30, 1932, were 25 feet from New York and New Jersey Chan- nels near Great Beds Light to the vicinity of the Raritan Copper Works; thence 23 feet to the highway bridge; thence 20 feet to 500 yards below Ostranders Dock; thence 17 feet to Ostranders Dock; thence 12 to 15 feet to the Washington Canal, thence with restricted width 10 feet to Lawrence Creek, and thence 9 feet for about eight- tenths of a mile, thence 10 and 11 feet to the canal lock at New Brunswick; in the south channel 10 feet up to Crossman Dock, thence to the upper end of the south channel, about 3.5 feet. The work remaining to be done to complete the project consists of dredging to complete the south channel. The costs of the existing project to the end of the fiscal year were $685,458.91 for new work and $43,519.96 for maintenance, a total of $728,978.87. The total expenditures were $728,500.90. Proposed operations.-It is proposed to apply the funds unex- pended on June 30, 1932, together with an anticipated allotment of 140960--ENG 1932- 19 288 REPORT OF CHIEF OFP ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1932 $30,000 to be made when the cost of maintenance dredging is more definitely kiiown, as follows: Accounts payable June S0, 1932. ------.. -----... ------- $477. 97 Maintenance: Dredging by contract or by Government plant to restore project dimensions in the 15-foot channel from Keasby to the Washington Canal and in the 10-foot channel from Washington Canal upstream to a point about 1.8 miles below the lower canal lock at New Brunswick (October to December, 1932)---------- 39, 945.32 Total---- -------------- ---------------------- 40, 423. 29 The additional sum of $30,000 can be profitably expended during the fiscal year 1934 in maintenance dredging by contract or by Government plant to restore project dimensions in the south channel up to Crossman Dock and in the upper reaches of the 10-11 foot project. The work will be undertaken during January and Feb- ruary, 1934. Commercial statistics.-The commerce for the calendar year 1931 consisted mainly of building material, copper, general cargo, coal, lead manufactures, fuel oil, and petroleum and petroleum products. Comparative statement Vessel traffic Vessel traffic Calendar year Calendar year Short tons Value Short tons Value 1927---.---------------1, 602, 109 $197, 212, 329 1, 064, 501 $127, 358, 061 1930--...........------------.......-----... 1928.- .------------------ 1, 409, 009 160, 907,154 1931.-------------------- 714, 161 64, 327, 692 1929 -----........------------- 1,482, 244 211, 086,913 Exclusive of the following traffic: Cargoes in transit Cargoes in transit Calendar year Calendar year Short tons Value Short tons Value 1927 ......-------------------- 478, 227 $9, 680, 864 1930 ................-------------------- 175, 761 $770,363 1928--....--..----------------225, 536 10, 132, 40.5 1931....-------------------- 189,783 392, 981 1929 ..-------------------- 490, 624 22, 043, 736 The decreased tonnage and value figures for 1931 are due to: (a) decreased tonnages of copper ingot, copper matte, hollow tiles, and relief supplies, and (b) revision of values. The commerce for 1931 was carried in vessels usually loaded to drafts of 5 to 14 feet. Cost and financial siummary Cost of new work to June 30, 1932_------------------------ $1,358, 614. 23 Cost of maintenance to June 30, 1932_ _ _______ _____ - 154, 939. 39 Total cost of permanent work to June 30, 1932 , 513, 553.62 1--------- Minus accounts payable June 30, 1932_-........ ------ __ -- 477. 97 Net total expenditures_ 1,513, 075. 65 Uilxpi(nded blance June 30, 1932_ 10, 423. 29 Total em unt approp int d t, J:ure 3D, 1932_ --- - 1.323. 498.94 RIVERS AND ARBORS--SECOND NEW YORK, N. Y., DISTRICT 289 Fiscal year ending June 30 1928 1929 1930 1931 1932 Cost of new work------------------------- ------------------------ $267,842. 39 $168,821.24 Cost of maintenance--- ...... .- ------... $796.70 $10,117.66 $2,082.08 19,297.27 2,141.05 Total cost..------------------------- 796. 70 10,117.66 2,062,08 287,139.66 170,962. 20 Total expended----......--..----------. 789. 83 10,124. 53 .--------.......-- 250, 582.80 209,103.26 Allotted-..---------------......-----------........--- --.......-------------.... 20, 000. 00 345, 359. 35 104. 750. 00 Balance unexpended July 1, 1931------------------ $114, 776. 55 Amount allotted from War Department appropriation act approved May 28, 1930---------- ----------- $26, 680. 81 Amount' allotted from War Department appropriation act approved Feb. 23, 1931----------------- ----- 94, 069. 19 120, 750.00 Amount to be accounted for---- ---------------------- 235, 526. 55 Deductions on account of revocation of allotments---_--------- 16, 000. 00 Net amount to be accounted for-- - -__ - _ --- 219, 56. 55 Gross amount expended- -_ -- ----- 224,479.11 Less reimbursements collected----------- ---------- 15, 375. 85 209, 103. 26 Balance unexpended June 30, 1932__- 423. 29 -10,1-------------- Outstanding liabilities June 30, 1932--------------------------- 477. 97 Balance available June 30, 1932---------------- 9, 945. 32 Amount (estimated) required to be appropriated for -- --- ----- --- ----- ---- ----- completion of existing project --- 62, 600. 00 Amount that can be profitably expended in fiscal year ending June 30, 1934, for maintenance 1----------------- , 30, 00., 00 7. WASHINGTON CANAL AND SOUTH RIVER, N. J, Location and description.-This river rises in central New ,Jereys about 7 miles southwest of Freehold. It flows in a northerly direc- tion about 20 miles to 1 mile above Sayreville, where it empties into the Raritan River about 8 miles above the mouth of the latter. The drainage area is about 133 square miles. It is tidal for abo ut 10 miles. Its average width between banks is 300 feet. The minimum discharge is about 25 second-feet; the maximum discharge is albout 3,249 second-feet. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Chart No. 375.) Originalcondition.--A private canal about three-fourths of a mile long had been dredged from near Washington on the South River to Sayreville on the Raritan River, which shortened the sailing course about 2 miles. The original low-water depth in the canal was -about 3.5 feet and in the river about 2.5 feet as far as Old Bridge, the head of navigation. The limiting widths in the canal were 80 feet, then about 100 feet to Bisset's brickyard, 3.7 miles abovete themouth of the canal, and then about 50 feet or less to Old Bridge, aboat 6.3 miles above the mouth of the canal. Previous projects.-The first project adopted by the Government for this improvement was by the river and harbor act of Marceh 3, ? Exclu$ive of ayailable fupds. 2 0 BEPOST OF CHIEF OF EN~GINiEERS, U .': ARMY, 1932 1871. Subsequent projects were authorized by the acts of June 14, 1880, and July 25, 1912. The cost and expenditures on these proj- ects were $242,158.87, of which $157,224.41 was for new work and $84,934.46 for maintenance. For further details see page 1778 of Annual Report for 1915 and page 323, Annual Report for 1929. Exsting project.-This provides for a channel, to be obtained by ,diking and dredging, 12 feet deep and 100 feet wide in Washington Cana , 1.1 miles, and 12 feet deep and generally 150 feet wide in South River following cut-off No. 1 up to Old Bridge, 4.1 miles. The tidal variation at the canal is 5.34 feet, and at Old Bridge, 4.57 feet. Irregular tidal fluctuations from 1 to 2 feet, respectively, above or below the mean range takes place during high easterly or westerly winds. The estimate of cost for new work, made in 1929, is $90,000, exclu- sive of amounts expended on previous projects. The latest (1929) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $8,000. The existing project was adopted by the river and harbor act of July 3, 1930 (H. Doc. No. 109, 71st Cong., 1st sess.). The latest published map is in the project document. Recommended modifications of project.-None. Local cooperation.-The river and harbor act of July 3, 1930, pro- vides that local interests give assurances satisfactory to the Secretary of War and the Chief of Engineers that they will dredge a channel 12 feet deep and generally 150 feet wide between the highway bridge at South River and Old Bridge; and that the necessary rights of way and spoil-disposal areas be furnished without cost to the United States. These conditions have been fulfilled. The Washington Canal was dredged about 1830, prior to any im- provement by the Government, by the. ew Jersey Transportation Co. No information is obtainable as to the cost of this work. Terminal facilities.-There is one publicly owned wharf at South River. There are also 14 private wharves, some of which are open to public use. These facilities seem adequate under existing con- ditions. (For further details see H. Doc. No. 652, 66th Cong., 2d sess., and Port Series No. 20, Pts. II and III, Corps of Engineers,) Operations and results during fiscal year.-A contract for dredg- ing from the mouth of Washington Canal to the highway bridge at South River was commenced on July 1, 1931, and completed on November 17, 1931. The total amount of material removed and accepted was 352,372 cubic yards which was pumped ashore on the adjoining meadowland. A section of channel 12 feet deep at mean low water and generally 150 feet wide has been dredged by the State of New Jersey, extending downstream from a point 300 feet above the dock of the South River Sand Co., at Old Bridge to the highway bridge at South River. This work has eliminated maintenance work under the former 6-foot pro'ect. The total cost for the year was $48,395.92 for new work, and $1,429.07 for maintenance, a total of $49,824.99, the cost for main- tenance having been expenses incurred preliminary to maintenance work to be undertaken the following year. The total expenditures were $49,949.55. Conditionat end of fiscal year.-Work on the section of the existing project to be done by the United States was completed in 1931, at RIVERS AND HARBORS--SECOND NEW YORK, N. Y.Y:DISTRICT 291 a saving of $41,108 under the estimated cost. The existing project is complete except the section through the highway and railroad bridges at South River, which is to be accomplished by local inter- ests. The controlling depth on June 30, 1932, at mean low water was 12 feet to the highway bridge at South River; thence 8 feet through the Raritan River railroad bridge; thence 11 feet to 1,500 feet above Tennents Creek; thence 8 to 9 feet to Deep Run; thence 11 feet to the South River Sand Co.'s dock; thence 3 feet to the upper end of the project at Old Bridge. The costs of the existing project to the end of the fiscal year were $48,891.82 for new work, and $1,429.07 for maintenance, a total of $50,320.89. The total expenditures under the existing project were $50,320.89. Proposed operation.--It is proposed to apply the funds unex- pended on June 30, 1932, amounting to $10,203.32, together with $500 to be contributed by the State of New Jersey for dredging through the highway and railroad bridges at South River and an expected allotment of $8,000 to be made after bids have been received as follows: Maintenance-dredging by contract or by Government plant to attain project dimensions through the highway and railroad bridges at South River and to restore project dimensions from a point about 6,000 feet below the highway bridge at Old Bridge up- stream about 4,500 feet (September to November, 1932), $18,703.32. The additional sum of $8,000 can be profitably expended during the fiscal year 1934, in maintenance dredging by contract or by Government plant to restore project dimensions in sections of the channel that shoal periodically. The work will be undertaken during the month of April, 1934. Commercial statistics.--he commerce for the calendar year 1931 consisted of sand and gravel, hollow tile, and clay. Comparative statement Vessel traffic Vessel traffic Calendar year Calendar year Short tons Value Short tons Value 1927 ..................... ------------------- 218, 935 $1, 044, 055 1930----.....------------........--.......... 165, 639 $507, 772 1928 .----- -------------- 208, 516 634, 699 1931.........---------- 178, 194 145, 038 1929 ------------------............ --..... 170, 191 455,153 The lower average per ton value for 1931 is due to (a) decreased shipments of clay products and (b) revision of values. The increased tonnage is due to increased shipments of sand. The commerce for 1931 was carried in vessels usually loaded to drafts of 5 to 12 feet. Cost and financial summary Cost of new work to June 30, 1932-------- ------------------ $206, 116. 23 Cost of maintenance to June 30, 1932_------------------------ - 86,363. 53 Total cost of permanent work to June 30, 1932----------- 292, 479. 76 Net total expenditures_ - - ..------------- - . 292,479. 76 Unexpended balance June 30, 1932----------- - 10, 203. 32 Total amount appropriated to June 30, 1932-- ......---- 302, 683.08 292 ITPOT OF CHIBR OF "ENGINEERS, S. 'ARMY, 193. Fiscalyearending June 39 1928 199 1930. 1931 1932 Cost of new wrk. $--.95.90 $48,3992 Costoa tnteanc&--------- --- $2, 537.18 $8,581 ------ ~--T- 1, 429.07 Allotted .- -.-........ - 8000. o0 6, 800. 00 $6, 200.39 9Q, 218. 48 -29,694.27 Balance unexpended July 1, 1931 ..------ _ $80, 847. 14 Deductions on account of revocation of allotment---------------- 29, 694.27 .Net amount to be accounted for 152.87 6------------------------0 Gross amount expended------- ----------------------------- 49, 949. 55 ir: ,Balance unexpended June 30,193--.. -10, 203.32 that can be profitably expended in fiscal year ending Tiune Amout 0" 9 4, ifor maintenance _'--... .--- -- 8. 000. 00 8. KEYPORT HARBOR, N. J. Location and de cr tion.-This harbor lies at the mouth of atawan Creek, on the south side of Raritan Bay, 5 miles east of the outh; of Raitan River and about 9:miles west of Sandy Hook, ad,consists of a bay 1 mile broad. It is sheltered on the east by Con ikonk Point and on the west by Matawan Point.: The distance by water to New Yorkl City is about 2L miles ; to Perth Amboy, 5 miles. (See'U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Chart No. 369.) O" yinal: codzion.-'-There was no idistinct channel in the harbor, and the available depth over the flats to the wharves was less than 4 feet at mean low water. A 6-foot channel had been dredged at private expense before the United States charge of the assumed improvement, but it had shoaled again to about 5 feet. Previous projects.--None. Existing project.--This provides for a channel about 1 mile long from Raritan Bay to the steamboat dock at Keyport, the width to be 200 feet and the depth to be 8 feet at mean low water. The mean range of tides is 4.9 feet. High easterly or westerly winds cause the tides to fluctuate from 1 to 2 feet above or below the mean range. The estimate of cost for new work, made in 1883, was $40,475. The latest (1917) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $5,000. The project was adopted by the river and harbor act approved August 2, 1882 (H. Doc. No. 153, 42d Cong., 3d sess., and Annual Report for 1873, p. 941). The latest published map is printed in the Annual Report for 1905, page 1040. Recommended modifications of project.-None. Local cooperation.-None required. A channel 6 feet deep and 100 feet wide had been dredged at private expense in 1867, but this channel had shoaled to its original condition at the time of the adoption of the project. The amount expended on this work is not known. Terminal facilities.-There are four serviceable privately owned wharves located on Keyport JIarbor. Only one of these is open to public use. The terminal facilities seem adequate under existing . lErlusive of available funds. RIVERS AND HARBORS-SECOND NEW YORK, N. Y., DISTRICT 293 conditions. (For further details see H. Doc. No. 652, 66th Cong., 2d sess,) Operations and result d fiscal y.ear.--None. ing The total eqst for the year was $45.49, and represents an addition to the estimated cost ;incurred in the preceding fiscal year for main- tenance. The total expenditures were $45.49. Condition at end of f scal year.--The project was completed in 19 1. The controlling low water depth on June 30, 1932, to the upper steamboat wharf at Keyport was about 8 feet in a channel practically . of project width. The costs of the existing project to the end of the fiscal year were $40,4715 for new work and $118,278.71 for maintenance, a total of $158,73.71. The totala expenditures under the existing project were $158,753.71. Proposed operations,---There were no funds to the credit of this improvement on June. 30, 1932, The sum of $10,000 can be profitably expended during the fiscal ,year 1934 in maintenance dredging by contract or by Government plant to restore project dimensions from the outer end of the, channel up to the steamboat dock. The work will be undertaken in March, 1934. Commercial statistics.-The commerce for the calendar year 1931 consisted of general cargo and refined sugar. Comparative statement Vessel traffic Vessel traffic Calendar year Calendar year Short tons Value Short tons Value 1927.....................---------------------- 6, 093 $1, 659, 160 1930----....------......----------- 5, 670 $1, 198, 034 1928--------------------- 12,381 3, 219,364 1931---------------------......................- 6, 753 1,432,736 1929-...---....----------------- .............. 19, 219 2, 468, 474 The commerce for 1931 was carried in vessels usually loaded to drafts of 6 to 12 feet. Co8t and finanoial su nenary Cost of new work to June 30, 1932 -------- ------------ __ -- $40, 475. 00 Cost of maintenance to June 30, 1932----__----------- 118, 278.71 Total cost of permanent work to June 30, 1932------ - 158, 753.71 Net total expenditures----------------------- --------- 158,753. 71 Total amount appropriated to June 30, 1932------------------ 158,753.71 Fiscal year ending June 30 1928 1929 1930 1931 1932 Cost of new work -- ------------------ Cost of maintenance --------------------- $20.67-----------$15, 119.21 $335. 30 $45.49 Total expended-- ............----------------------- 20. 67 - ------ 5, 772. 36 9,682.15 45. 49 Allotted----_---------------------- --------------- - -------- 15, 500.00------------ Balance lnexpended July 1, 1931-- ---. --- --------- $45. 49 Gross amount expended-------.....-- --..----- 45. 49 Amount that can be profitably expended in fiscal year ending June 30, 1934, for maintenance----.. - ..-------- -10, 000. 00 294 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 19 32 9. SHOAL HARBOR AND COMPTON CREEK, N. J. Location and description.-Shoal Harbor is an indentation on the south shore of Raritan and Sandy Hook Bays at their junction, about 5 miles southwest from Sandy Hook. It is about 19 miles dis- tant from New York City.; The harbor is not landlocked. Compton Creek is a small, crooked tidal stream' rising on the west side of the Navesink Highlands and flowingfor 5 to 6 miles in a general north- erly direction through the meadows into Shoal Harbor. The drain- age area is about 6.5 square miles. The discharge is slight. For location see United States Coast and Geodetic Survey Chart No. 369. Original condition.-The entrance was obstructed by a broad, flat shoal extending along the south shore of Sandy Hook Bay. The distance between deep water in the creek and the 4-foot depth in the bay was about one-half mile. The available depth across this shoal was less than 1 foot at mean low water. The creek was navi- gable for 1 mile above its mouth, where it was crossed by a railroad bridge, and about one-half mile above its mouth it is crossed by a highway bridge with a draw opening 40 feet wide; the width below this point varied from 80 to 100 feet. The available low-water depths varied from 3 to 6 feet. Previous projects.-None. Existing project.--This provides for a channel by dredging and diking about two-thirds of a mile in length, connecting Compton Creek with the 4-foot curve in Raritan Bay, the width to be 150 feet in the bay and 75 feet in and near the mouth of the creek, the depth to be 4 feet at mean low water. The mean range of tides is 4.5 feet. Irregular fluctuations from 1 to 2 feet above or below the mean range occur in the tides during heavy easterly or westerly storms. The estimate of cost for new work, made in 1890, is $64,130. The latest (1928) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $10,000. The project was adopted by the river and harbor act approved September 19, 1890 (S.Doc. No. 80, 48th Cong., 1st sess., and Annual Report for 1884, p. 770). The latest published map is printed in House Document No. 40, Sixty-third Congress, first session. Recommended modifications of project.--It is recommended that the project be modified by eliminating the proposed dike and reduc- tion of width of channel in bay from 150 feet to 100 feet (H. Doc. No. 467, 69th Cong., 1st sess.). Local cooperation.-None Terminal facilities.-There are no public terminals located on this waterway. There are 3 terminals suitable for barge traffic located near the mouth of Compton Creek, 2 of which are open to the public on equal terms and 2 of which are equipped with loading and un- loading devices. Within the navigable section of the creek above the project limit there are over 30 small terminals and two marine waterways suitable for small fishing boats. A good highway con- nects with all the terminals. There is no direct railroad connection. Operations and results during fiscal year.-Dredging for main- tenance with Government plant in progress at the beginning of the fiscal year was continued and completed on July 14, 1931. The total amount of material removed during the year was 16,581 cubic yards. RIVERS AND HARBORS---SECOND NEW YORK, N. Y., DISTRICT 295 The total cost for the year was $3,844.59, all for maintenance. The total expenditures were $11,074.42. Condition at end of fikcal year.-About 60 per cent of the area to be dredged under the project has been completed. The last new work was done on the improvement in 1899. No dikes have been built. The controlling depth into the creek on June 30, 1932, through the improved channel was about 6 feet at mean low water. Work remaining to be done to complete the project is dredging to widen the entrance channel from 100 to 150 feet and the construc- tion of a rock-filled pile dike 3,200 feet long. The costs of the existing project to the end of the fiscal year were $17,000 for new work and $157,068.37 for maintenance, a total of $174,068.37. The total expenditures under the existing project were $174,068.37. Proposed operations.--There were no funds to the credit of this improvement on June 30, 1932. The sum of $12,000 can be profitably expended during the fiscal year 1934 in maintenance dredging by contract or by Government plant to restore project dimensions throughout the completed portion of the project. The work will be undertaken during July and August, 1933. Commercial statistics.-The commerce for the calendar year 1931 consisted of inedible fish, building material, cinders, fresh and frozen fish, ashes and shellfish. Comparative statement Vessel traffic Vessel traffic Calendar Calendar year year Short tons Value Passengers Short tons Value Passengers 1927....-------- 33, 876 $1, 626, 353 -------------........... --- 1930-...----..... 57, 862 $950, 272 76 1928....-------- 38, 465 2,176, 965 - 1931........ 41, 603 1, 491, 591 218 1929---------........ 69, 433 1, 469, 903 .. The higher average per ton value for 1931 is due to: (a) Increased transportation of menhaden, fresh fish, and fish scrap, (b) decreased transportation of stone and sand and gravel, and (c) revision of values. The commerce for 1931 was carried in vessels usually loaded to drafts of 1 to 10 feet. Cost and financial summary Cost of new work to June 30, 1932------------------------------- $17, 000. 00 Cost of maintenance to June 30, 1932------------------------ 157, 068. 37 Total cost of permanent work to June 30, 1932----------- 174,068.37 Net total expenditures ----------------------------------- 174, 068. 37 Total amount appropriated to June 30, 1932-- ---------------- 174, 068. 37 Fiscal year ending June 30 1928 1929 1930 1931 1932 Cost of new work--------------------- ------------------------------------------ Cost of maintenance......... --------... $13,183. 23 $15,036. 44 ... .. $7, 585.07 $3, 844.59 Total expended-----------------------............................ 13,183. 23 15, 036. 44----------- 355. 24 11, 074, 42 Allotted ........................... ------ ----------- ------------ ------------ 13,498.85 -2,069.19 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINE RS, U. . rY, 19 3 2 Balance unexpended July 1,. 1931_,.....--------.----- .- . $1, 143. 61 Deductions on account of ievocationof allotmneit- -------- -069. 2, 19 Net amount to be accounte4for--... -.-- -.. - ....-- - 1i, 074.42 Gross amount expended ----------------..... .--- -- $11,31& 02 ... ess reimbursements cdllected ------------------ 2683.60 :, 11, 014.142 Airount (estimated) required to be appropriated for completoion of existing project ...---------. ------ --. ........ - 47,180. 00 Amount that can be profitably expended in fiscal year ending .iune 80, 1934, for maintenance ----- --- ----.. '12, 000. 00 10. SHREWSBURY RIVER, N. J. Location nd description.--This river is mainly a large tidal basin in the eastern part of New Jersey consisting of two bays, each having an area of about .square miles, and known 'respectively, as the North Branch (or Navesink River), which rises; near Freehold, flows east- erly, and is about 15 miles long, and the South Branch, about 7 to 8 miles long, which,flows in a northerly di ection; and a channel called the Main Stem, which unites. the two branches near Normandie and extends northerly 23/4 miles ;to the outlet at the southeast end of Sandy Hook Bay, about 4 miles south from the point of Sandy Hook. The total drainage. area is about 250 square miles The discharge is not known. (See U. S, Coast and Geodetic. Survey Chart No. 543.) Original condition.-The available mean low.water depth to Oceanic on the North Branch was 31/2 feet, to Sea Bright on the South Branch 21/2 feet, andsin the Main Stem 4 feet. The minimum widths were variable, owing to the shifting nature of the sand which forms the bottom of the river and which changed position after every big storm. The bays above these points had sufficient depths and widths to accommodate light-draft navigation. The river is navi- gable on the North Branch to Red Bank, 8 miles from the mouth, where it is crossed by three bridges, without draws, and on the South Branch to Branchport, 9 miles from the mouth, and to Little Silver, Oceanport, Parkers Creek, North Long Branch, and Mon- mouth Beach on its several arms, Previous projects.---By' act of Congress, August 30, 1852, $1,500 was appropriated for a survey to ascertain the extent of a break through the beach between Shrewsbury River and the ocean, but no work of improvement was done after the survey was made. The first project for the improvement of the Shrewsbury River was adopted by the river and harbor act of March 3, 1871, and a subsequent one by the act of June 3, 1879, modified in 1883 and 1887. Work under the existing project was commenced in 1919. The cost and expendi- tures under previous projects have been $220,893.95 for new work and $286,606.05 for maintenance, a total of $507,500. For further details see page 1778 of Annual Report for 1915 and page 373 of Annual Report for 1918. Existing project.-This provides for dredging a channel 6 feet deep at mean low water 300 feet wide from the mouth to Island Beach, 1.4 miles; thence 200 feet wide to the junction of the two branches, 1.5 miles; thence 150 feet wide to Red Bank and Branchport, 5.5 and 6.1 miles in the North Branch and South Branch, respectively. RIVERS AND ,ARBORS--LECOND NEW YOR N. Y., PDISTRICT 27 The mean range of tides on the outer bar is 5 feet; at Highlands Bridge, 3 feet; at Sea Bright, 1.3 feet; at Branchport, 0.86 foot and at Oceanic, 2.5 feet. ' High easterly or westerly inds cause irregular tidal fluctuations from 1 to 2 feet above or below the mean rahge. The estimate of cost for new work, revised in 1923, is $146,000, exclusive of amounts expended on previous projects. The latest (1912) approved estixiate or annual cost of maintenance is $10,0Q0 during construction and $20,000 thereafter. The existing projdct was adoptedby the river and harbor act of March 2, 1919 (H. Doc. No. 1296, 62d Cong., 3d sess.). The latest , published mapis in House Document No. 157, Seventy-first Con gress, second session. Recom d modJilcatione of project.-Under date of December 12 1929, the Chief of Engineers recommended modification of the existing project so as to provide for a channel 12 feet deep and 300 feet wide, following the westerly shore to a point 600 feet south of the Highlands Bridge, at an estimated cost of $205,000, with $10,000 annually for maintenance, subject to certain conditions of local cooperation. (H. Doc. No. 157, 71st Cong., 2d sess.) Local ooperation.-Dredgingin the channel has been done for sev- eral years at various times by the local steamboat companies. The available information does not give the amount or cost of this work. Terminal facilities.-There are four publicly owned wharves on the river. There are 17 privately owned wharves used for commer- cial purposes, many of which are open to general public use on equal terms. The terminals seem to provide adequately for the demands of existing commerce. (For further details see H. Doc. No. 652, 66th Cong., 2d sess.) Operatsons and results during fiscal yer.--Dredging; for mainte- nance with Government plant was commenced on July 15, 1931 and completed on July 31, 1931. The total amount of material remqove during the year was 23,109 cubic yards. The total cost for the year was $7,725.65, all for maintenance. The total expenditures were $7,707.65. Condition t end of fiscal year.-Work under the project is about 66 per cent completed. Project dimensions were obtained before the adoption of the existing project in the main stem and in the lower parts of the two branches under the previous project. New work has since been done in the south branch between the steamboat wharf at Sea Bright and the upper end of the project at Branchport. The controlling depths on June 30, 1'932, at mean low water over the bars in the river were about 4 feet. Project depths were available but widths over some of the bars were narrow in places. There yet remains to be done to complete the project dredging in the upper end of the north branch at the locality 6f the steamboat dock at Red Bank, N. J., and at the locality of the highway bridge at Oceanic. The costs of the existing project to the end of the fiscal year were $96,304.66 for new work and $147,199.72 for maintenance, a total of $243,504.38. The total expenditures under the existing project were $243,486.38. Proposed operations.-It is proposed to apply the funds unex- pended on June 30, 1932, together with an allotment of $10,000 made in July, 1932, amounting to $10,894.27, as follows: 208 RE T OF OF CIEI IE OF ENGINEERS, U. S. AltY, 1932 Aecoits npayable JUne 80, 198 _$....... .' --- - --- $18.00 Maintenance, dredging by contract or by Government plant to restore project dimensions where shoals occur each year; The work will be undertaken in July, 1932_.._ - .. --------------------- 10, 876.27 Total.--. ----------------------------------------- 10, 894.27 The funds will be expended at a rate of about $13,000 per month and will be exhausted in about 20 days after work is commenced. The sum of $10,000 can be profitably expended during the fiscal year 1934 in maintenance, dredging by contract or by Government plant, to restore project dimensions where shoals occur each season. The work will be undertaken in July, 1933. The interests of commerce do not warrant further new work under this project at the present time. Commercial statistics. The commerce for the calendar year 1931 consisted of riprap, coal, gasoline and lobsters. Comparative statement Vessel traffic Vessel traffic Calendar Passengers Calendar Passengers yeir yearPassenge Short tons Value Short tons Value 1927...-------.... 43, 235 $148, 827 (1) 1930.------- 28, 447 $134, 743 75, 261 1928------....-- 38, 794 132, 920 (1) 1931..------ 10, 944 48, 874 42, 618 1929--------........ 46, 633 170, 014 98, 438 1No statistics available. The decreased tonnage and value figures for 1931 are due to de- creased receipts of riprap. The commerce for 1931 was carried in vessels usually loaded to drafts of 2 to 8 feet. Cost and financtal summary Cost of new work to June 30, 1932------------------------- $317, 198.61 Cost of maintenance to June 30, 1932 - ___------------- 433, 805. 77 Total cost of permanent work to June 30, 1932_- --- ___ 751,004.38 Minus accounts payable June 30, 1932---------------------------- 18. 00 Net total expenditures---- - __ 750, 986. 38 Unexpended balance June 30, 1932 894.27 Total amount appropriated to June 30, 1932-----------_ 751, 880. 65 Fiscal year ending June 30 1928 1929 1930 1931 1932 Cost of new work-- .. Cost of maintenance----------------..................--. $19, 716. 33 $14, 296. 28 $14, 673. 00 $2, 405. 73 $7, 725. 65 Total expended----................------------------- 19, 690.43 14, 322. 18 1, 146. 39 15, 932. 34 7, 707. 65 Allotted.....................------------------------ ...------------.. .....------------ 14, 673. 00 11, 007.65 _- RIVERS AND HARBORS--SECQND NEW YORK, N. Y., DISTRICT 299 Balance unexpended July 1, 1931.--.--- ----------- ----- $8,601.92 Gross amount expended------------------------------------ 7, 707. 65 Balance unexpended June 30, 1932------------------- 894. 27 Outstanding liabilities June 80, 1982.-.--------------------------- 18.00 Balance available June 30, 1982 .... ----. -------------- 870 27 Amount allotted from War Department appropriation act approved July 14, 132--.......---------- ----------- -- _------10, 000. op Balance available for fiscal year 1933------------------- 10, 876. 27 Amount (estimated) required to be appropriated for completion of - -- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - existing project '- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 50, 000. 00 Amount that can be profitably- - expended in fiscal year ending June - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -- - - 30, 1934, for maintenance 1_ ------ 10, 000.00 11. MANASQUAN RIVER, N. J. Location and description.-This is a small stream about 17 miles long located in the eastern part of New Jersey, rising near Freehold and flowing in a southeasterly direction to the Atlantic Ocean, about 26 miles south of Sandy Hook. The drainage area is about 80 square miles. The navigable part is a lagoon about half a mile wide, ex- tending from the beach in a westerly direction about 3 miles, thence through a narrow reach into a second lagoon about one-third of a mile wide and about 2 miles long, with depths varying from 2 to 5 feet. The combined areas of the two lagoons is about 1.200 acres, The average discharge of fresh water is about 130 second-feet. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Map No. 1216.) Original condition.-In its original condition, the lower reaches of the river, about 6 miles long, had depths varying from 3 to 5 feet. The upper reaches were obstructed by fallen trees and logs. The entrance through the bar or beach at the mouth was very unstai le, shifting continually, the movement being from south to north, gradu- ally forming an S-shaped entrance. When in its southern or normal location depths over the bar varied from 3 to 4 feet, but as the inlet moved progressively northward the depths decreased to 1 foot or less, restricting the natural flow to such an extent that pressure of flood waters or wind and tidal conditions would cause a break in the beach at the southerly end and the northerly movement of the cycle would be repeated. Previous projects.-Adopted by the river and harbor act of March 3, 1879. The cost and expenditure under previous projects have been $39,000 for new work and $2,054.11 for maintenance, a total of $41,054.11. (For further details see Annual Report for 1909, p. 186.) Existing project.-This provides for opening of Manasquan IJlet and the provision of works designed to secure a channel at least 8 feet deep. The mean tidal range in the ocean opposite the inlet is 3.8 feet. The mean tidal range in the easterly lagoon is about 2 feet. The estimate of cost for new work, made in 1998, is $600,000, exclusive of amount expended on previous projects, of which 1 Exclusive of available funds. 300 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1932 $300,000 is to be contributed by local interests. The latest (1928) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $15,000. The existing project was authorized by the river and harbor act approved July 3, 1930. (II. Doc. No. 482, 70th Cong., 2d sess.) This document contains the latest published map. Recommended modifcations of project.-None. Local cooperation.-The river and harbor act of July 3, 1930, adopted the project subject to the following provisions: That no expense shall be incurred by the United States for any land needed in connection with the improvement, and that local interests shall contribute 50 per cent of the cost of the original work and give assurance satisfactory to the Secretary of' War and the Chief of Engineers that they will hold and save the United States free from all claims for damage or injury to beaches and private property that may result from the construction or maintenance of the jetties and entrance channel. These conditions have been met. Terminal facilities.-No docks, wharves, or terminals suitable for commercial purposes have been established on the waterway. There are many small boat landings. Effect of improvement.-The improvement has opened the inlet and many commercial fishermen, public and private boats and launches are using the channel. It is understood that plans are being made to utilize the channel extensively for commercial purposes. Operations and results during fiscal year.-An emergency contract for new work to extend the jetties about 130 feet seaward was com- menced on February 16, 1931, and construction work completed on May 28, 1931, except the removal of the construction trestles, the removal of which was completed on June 17, 1932, and the work accepted as completed, at a cost of $60 for new work. An emergency contract for dredging and removal of old jetty to open the inlet in progress at the close of the last fiscal year was continued and completed on August 17, 1931. The total amount of material removed and accepted under this contract during the year was 43,461 cubic yards, at a cost of $16,034.80, for new work. An emergency contract dated June 27, 1932, for removal of the old Government dike located in the inlet channel was not commenced prior to the end of the fiscal year. Preliminary costs were $1,071.62. The total cost for the year was $17,166.42, for new work. The total expenditures were $44,961.46. Condition at end of fiscal year.-Work under the existing project is about 85 per cent completed. Two jetties of an aggregate length of 2,260 feet are completed, the north jetty being 1,230 feet long and the south jetty 1,030 feet long. A section of steel bulkhead 300 feet long at the inshore end of south jetty is completed and a channel connecting with the State of New Jersey channel at a point 700 feet easterly of the New York & Long Branch Railroad bridge has been dredged easterly generally 100 feet wide and 6 feet deep for a distance of 2,200 feet and thence 150 feet wide and 8 feet deep, a distance of 1,250 feet. There remains to be done to complete the project the removal of the old Government dike from the south side of the inlet channel and possibly some dredging to produce an 8-foot channel. The cost of the existing project to the end of the fiscal year, excluding $300,000 contributed funds, which were expended for new RIVERS AN'-HARBoRS- -SECOI2' NEWV YOfRK, N. Y., DI tICT 3d work,; as $235,948.58, of which $216,1:'.24 for inew work, and 'was p19,781.34 was for maintenance. Total expenditures under the ex- isting project tothe.: end of the fiscal year, excluding $300,000 contri buted funds, were $235,910.93. Proposed operatione.--It is proposed to apply the funds unex- pended on June 30, 1932, amounting to $10,164.07, as follows :. Accounts payable June 30, 1932-_ _--- --------- 37. 65 New work; removal under contract of the old Government dike.. in Manasquan Inlet (July to October, 1932) -------------------- 10, 126.42 Total---------- ---------------------------------- 0, 164.07 Should it develop that repairs to the dikes and bulkheads are necessary during the fiscal year 1933, it is expected to allot sufficient funds, estimated at $15,000, when the cost and necessity of the work is definitely known. The sum of $15,000 can be profitably expended during the fiscal year 1934 in maintenance repairs where found necessary to the north and south jetties. The work will probably be undertaken in July, 1933. Additional new work of dredging may be necessary but can not be determined until removal of the old Government dike under a pending contract is completed and resultant action of the tides determined. Commercial statistics.-No commerce reported for the calendar years 1929, 1930, and 1931. Cost and financial summary Cost of new work to June 30, 1932-------- --------------- $255, 167. 24 Cost of maintenance to June 30, 1932-------------------------- 21, 835. 45 Total cost of permanent work to June 30, 1932 ----------- 277, 002. 69 Minus accounts payable June 30, 1932 .-----.------ . 37. 65 Net total expenditures ------ -------------- --------- 276, 965.04 Unexpended balance June 30, 1932--------------------- 10, 164. 07 Total amount appropriated to June 30, 1932 .----------- 287,129. 11 Fiscal year ending June 30 1928 1929 1930 1931 1932 Cost of new work..........................---......................------------. $818.47 $198, 182. 35 $17, 166. 42 ---------- Cost of maintenance-----..........................---------....----------..... ------------ 19, 781. 34 -........... Total cost-------........-.- ...-----.-------- _.-.. -- 818. 47 217, 963.69 17, 166.42 Total expended..---------------------------------------....................-- 756.45 190,193.02 44, 961.46 Allotted------------............------...................------------------------------------............ 14,375.00 220,700.00 11, 000. 00 Balance unexpended July 1, 1931----- ------------ _------$44,125. 53 Amount allotted from first deficiency act fiscal year 1930------------------------- --------------- $1, 293. 17 Amount allotted from War Department appropriation act approved May 28, 190--------------- ------- 10, 706. 83 Amount allotted from War Department appropriation act approved Feb. 23, 1931 ----------------- 17, 000. 00 29,000.00 Amount to be accounted for - --------------- 73,125. 53 2Exclusive of $300,000 contributed funds. 302 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1932 Deductions on account of revocation of allotment _----.------ $18, 000. 00 Net amount to be accounted for-------------------------55, 125. 53 Gross amount expended--------- ----- $45, 234. 98 Less reimbursements collected ------------- 273. 52 44, 961.46 Balance unexpended June 30, 1932--------------------- 10,164. 07 Outstanding liabilities June 30, 1932---------------. 65 T------3---7. Balance available June 30, 1932--. .. 10, 126. 42 Amount (estimated) required to be appropriated for completion of existing project '------------------------------------ 73, 700. 00 Amount that can be profitably expended in fiscal year ending June 30, 1934, for maintenance --------------------------------- 15, 000. 00 12. EXAMINATIONS, SURVEYS, AND CONTINGENCIES (GENERAL) Operations under this heading comprise the making of preliminary examinations and surveys for navigation, called for by river and harbor acts and by resolutions of the committees of Congress (not including those investigations provided for in H. Doc. No. 308, 69th Cong., 1st sess., or by sec. 10 of the flood control act of May 15, 1928); collection of commercial statistics; miscellaneous surveys, inspec- tions, and estimates; permit and bridge inspections; harbor line studies; fish-net inspections; administration charges incurred in con- nection with inactive river and harbor projects; and minor routine navigation investigations. The cost of work during the year amounted to $89,772.19; the expenditures were $89,204.35. The bal- ance unexpended, including accounts receivable, at the end of the year, together with an allotment of $18,000, made during July, 1932, amounting to $21,941.96, will be applied as needed during the fiscal year 1933 to payment of expenses incurred in connection with the above items. The additional sum of $17,000 can be profitably ex- pended during the fiscal year ending June 30, 1934. Cost and financial summary Cost of maintenance to June 30, 1932 -- ___----- $156, 203. 32 _---- Plus accounts receivable June 30, 1932_111 --- 11111111 1 3, 407. 18 Gross total costs to June 30, 1932 ____--------------- 159, 610. 50 Minus accounts payable June 30, 1932-------------------------- 1, 445. 28 Net total expenditures-___ - --- -- ____ -- 158, 165. 22 ________ Unexpended balance June 30, 1932------------------------------ 534. 78 Total amount appropriated to June 30, 1932 .----- 158, 700. 00 -__-__. Fiscal year ending June 30 1928 1929 1930 1931 1932 Cost of new work---------------- ...----- Cost of maintenance-----------........-----....................------------ $18, 833.29 $18, 204. 42 $29, 392. 42 $89, 772. 19 Total expended ........................... 9,317. 24 1........... 18,248..51 31, 395. 12 89, 204. 35 Allotted--------------............ .. .............................. 35, 000.00 13, 000. 00 41,000.00 69, 700; 00 2Exclusive of available funds. RIVERS AND HARBORS-SECOND NEW YORK, N. Y., DISTRICT 303 Balance unexpended July 1, 1931.$,---------------------------$20, 039.13 Amount allotted from War Department appropriation act approved May 28, 1980-------------------------- $3, 000.00 Amount allotted from War Department appropriation act approved Feb. 23, 1931.------------------- ---- 66, 700. 00 69, 700. 00 Amount to be accounted for.--------------------- ----- 89, 739.13 Gross amount expended ------------------------- 100, 531.58 Less : Reimbursements collected-------- --- $11, 258.00 Receipts from sales.....---------- -------- 69. 23 11, 327. 23 89, 204. 35 Balance unexpended June 30, 1932------------------------ 534. 78 Outstanding liabilities June 30, 1932-------------------------- 1, 445. 28 Balance available June 30, 1932---- -------------------- -910. 50 Accounts receivable June 30, 1932__---------------------------- 3, 407. 18 Unobligated balance available June 30, 1932__-- 2, 496. 68 Amount allotted from War Department appropriation act approved July 14, 1932 ------------------------------------------ 18, 000. 00 Balance available for fiscal year 1933_-- ------ ___---- 20, 496. 68 Amount that can be profitably expended in fiscal year ending 1- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - June 30, 1934, for maintenance 17, 000. 00 EXAMINATIONS AND SURVEYS MADE IN COMPLIANCE WITH THE RIVER AND HARBOR ACT APPROVED JULY 3, 1930 Reports dated April 25, 1931, and January 30, 1932, by the district engineer, and May 6, 1931, and February 19, 1932, by the division engineer, with illustration, on preliminary examination and survey of Elizabeth River, N. J., required by the river and harbor act approved July 3, 1930, were received. They were reviewed by the Board of Engineers for Rivers and Harbors, pursuant to law, and were transmitted to Congress and printed in River and Harbor Committee Document No. 24, Seventy-second Congress, first session. Recommendation is made for modification of the existing project so as to provide for a channel 12 feet deep and 60 feet wide, with widen- ing at the bends, from the mouth to the Baltic Street Bridge, at an estimated cost of $74,000, with $5,000 annually for maintenance, subject to certain conditions of local cooperation. Reports on preliminary examinations required by the river and harbor act approved July 3, 1930, of the following localities within this district, were duly submitted by the district and division engi- neers. They were reviewed by the Board of Engineers for Rivers and Harbors pursuant to law, and were transmitted to Congress but have not yet been printed: 1. Preliminary examination of Nerwark Bay, N. J., with a view to providing anchorage grounds in the vicinity of the Port Newark Terminal.--Reports by the district and division engineers were trans- 'Exclusive of available funds. 140960--ENG 1932 20 3j14 tr o 'CTfiF Or ENGINEERS, U. '19. ARM , 1932 iitted to Congress Petepe; . $ht, eo .13 p4r ee .ff locality by the United States is not deemed advisable at the prent time. , ' hieli7~wamination of East Bianch of r4idb ,'AN . F. leprts by the district and division engineers were transmitted to ongress June 13, 1932. The improvement of this locality, other than as authorized by the existing project, is not deemed advisable at the present time. 3. Preliminary exaination of Shark River, N .----Report by the district and division engineers were transmitted to Congress March 14, 1932. The improvement of this locality by the United States is not deemed advisable at the present time. i'.The local engineer was also charged with the duty of making other preliminary examinations and surveys provided for by the river and harbor acts approved August 8, 1917, March 3, 1925, and July 3, 1930, as follows: 1. New York Harbor--West side of upper,bay from Constable Hook to Ellis Island.-Reports dated August 14, 1918, and February 21, 1921, by the district and division engineers on preliminary exami- nation and survey were received. A new survey is in progress by the district engineer, first New York district, in connection with survey of the upper bay, the Narrows, the lower bay, and Red Hook Flats. -2. Smiths Creek, N. J.-Reports dated March 13, 1926, December 17, 1926, and December 21, 1926, by the district and division engi- neers on preliminary examination, are being held by the Board of Engineers for Rivers and Harbors for submission of additional data by interested parties. 3. Rahway River, N. J.-Reports dated May 28, 1931, and April 30, 1932, by the district engineer, and June 30, 1931, and July 12, 1932, by the division engineer, on preliminary examination and survey, are receiving consideration by the Board of Engineers for Rivers and Harbors. 4. Cut-off channel off Perth Amboy, N. J., to connect the Raritan River Channel with the southerly end of the channel in Arthur Kill. Reports dated June 30, 1931, and May 28, 1932, by the district engineer, and August 13, 1931, and July 27, 1932, by the division engineer, on preliminary examination and survey, are receiving con- sideration by the Board of Engineers for Rivers and Harbors. 5. New York and New Jersey Channels from deep water in the vicinity of Sand~ Hook, N. J., through lower New York Bay, Raritan Bay, Arthur Kill, Staten Island Sound, and Kill Kull, to deep water in upper New York Bay, including the channel van north of Shooters Island, with a view to securing channels of suffi- cient depth and width and adequate anchorage areas for vessels using such channels. Reports dated January 30, 1932, and May 28, 1932, by the district and division engineers, on preliminary exami- nation, were received. A survey is now in progress. 6. Compton Creek, N. J.-Reports dated June 29, 1931, and April 30, 1932, by the district engineer, and August 6, 1931, and June 18, 1932, by the division engineer, on prehlminary examination and RIVERS AND HARBORSP#AtDELPHIA, PA., DIS1iICT 305 survey, are receiving consideratisoi by the Board of Engineers for Rivers and Harbors. The division engineer, North Atlantic division, is charged with the duty of making an investigation of the New York Bay-Delaiware River section of-the iitraddastalwaterway, for the sole purpdse of findirig and reommendi~tig the most desirable route for such water- way, with a minimum depth of 25 feet and adequate width, with plans and estimate of cost of same, and with a provision that the State of New Jersey or other local interests shall furnish all neces- sary rights of wgy, without cost to the United States, provided for by the river arind harbor act approved July 3, 1930, and report thereon will be duly submitted When received. REPORTS MADE IN COMPLIANCE WITH RESOLUTIONS OF THE COMMITTEE ON RIVERS AND HARBORS, HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES By resolution dated May 21, 1928, a review of reports on Newark Bay, N. J., printed in House Document No. 206, Sixty-seventh Congress, second session, was requested. Report thereon was trans- mitted to Congress December 10, 1931, but has not yet been printed. The improvement of this locality by the United States, other than as authorized by the existing project, is not deemed advisable at the present time. By resolution dated January 8, 1929, a review of reports on Elizabeth River, N. J., printed in House Document No. 750, Sixty- second Congress, second session, was requested. Report thereon, with illustration, was transmitted to Congress and printed in River and Harbor Committee Document No. 24 Seventy-second Congress, first session. Recommendation is made for modification of the exist- ing project so as to provide for a channel 12 feet deep and 60 feet wide, with widening at the bends, from the mouth to the Baltic Street Bridge, at an estimated cost of $74,000, with $5,000 annually for maintenance, subject to certain conditions of local cooperation. By resolution of the Committee on Rivers and Harbors, House of Representatives, adopted January 27, 1932 a review of reports on the Hackenack River, N. J., printed in House Document No. 206, Sixty-seventh Congress, second session, is requested. The district and division engineers have been requested to submit reports. IMPROVEMENT OF RIVERS AND HARBORS IN THE PHILADELPHIA, PA., DISTRICT This district includes the watersheds drained by the Delaware and Schuylkill Rivers, embracing a small area in southeastern New York, the eastern part of Pennsylvania, and the shore lines only of New Jersey and Delaware bordering on the Delaware River and Bay. The tributaries of the Delaware River below Trenton, N. J., on the east side, and below the Schuylkill River on the west side, are not included in this district. District engineer: Col. Earl I. Brown, Corps of Engineers. Division engineer: Col. W. J. Barden, Corps of Engineers, to November 30, 1931; and Col. G. M. Hoffman, Corps of Engineers, since that date. 306 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1932 IMPUOVMENT8 Page Page 1. Delaware River between Phil- 4. Schuylkill River, Pa........ 824 adelphia, Pa., and Trenton, 5. Harbor of refuge, Delaware N. J.-------------------306 Bay, Del_-----____------ 8330 2. Delaware River, Pa., N. J., 6. Examinations, surveys, and and Del., Philadelphia, Pa., contingencies (general)--- 332 to the sea.---------------312 3. Delaware River at Camden, N. J. ------------------- 321 1. DELAWARE RIVER, BETWEEN PHILADELPHIA, PA., AND TRENTON, N. J. Location and description.--This river has its source in southeast- ern New York, flows in a general southerly direction, forming the boundary line between the States of New York and New Jersey on the east and Pennsylvania and Delaware on the west, and empties into Delaware Bay. Its total length is about 315 miles. The dis- tance .by water from Philadelphia Harbor to the harbor of refuge at the mouth of Delaware Bay is about 101 miles. The length of the bay, from the mouth of the river at Liston Point to the At-- lantic Ocean, is about 50 miles. The distance by water from Alle- gheny Avenue, Philadelphia, to the Pennsylvania Railroad bridge at Trenton, is about 30.5 miles. Tidewater extends to Trenton, N. J. The drainage area of the river is about 12,000 square miles, and the average discharge above tidal influence near Trenton, N. J., varies from about 5,200 second-feet during the summer months to about 22,000 second-feet during the winter and spring months. Below Philadelphia the effect of the fresh-water inflow on the regimen of the stream is almost negligible. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Sur- vey Charts Nos. 1218, 294, 295, and 296.) Original condition.-The channel was obstructed by shoals carry- ing depths of 3 to 8 feet, and between Bordentown and Trenton it was narrow and circuitous. The section of the river at Trenton between Lalor Street and the Pennsylvania Railroad bridge was so obstructed by rocks and shoals as to be unfit for commercial naviga- tion. iThe head of steamboat navigation was at Lalor Street, Tren- ton, about 29.7 miles above Allegheny Avenue, Philadelphia, but the river was navigable for rafting and logging and for small boats for a distance of about 214 miles above Trenton. Previous projects.-The original project was adopted by the river and harbor act of June 10, 1872, and was modified by the acts of March 3, 1875; June 14, 1880: July 5, 1884; August 17, 1894; March 2, 1907; June 25, 1910; July 25, 1912; and June 5, 1990. The total cost and expenditures prior to the adoption of the existing project in 1925, were $1,250,575.87, of which $990,143.30 was for new work and $260,432.57 was for maintenance. For further details see page 1778 of the Annual Report for 1915 and page 311 of the Annual Report for 1924. Eisting project.-This provides for a channel 28 feet deep at mean low water and 300 feet wide from Allegheny Avenue, Phila- delphia, Pa., to the Delair Bridge of the Pennsylvania Railroad Co.; thence 20 feet deep at mean low water and generally 200 feet wide- RIVERS AND HARBOBS -'-?PILADELPHIA, PA., DISTECT 3 to Landing Street, Trenton, N. J., or to such point below as may be selected for the public terminals. Above Delair the project provides for widening the channel at curves to 250 feet and to 300 feet for a distance of 500 feet above and 500 feet below the railroad bridge at Biles Island, with a turning basin at the upper end 1,700 feet long and 400 feet wide; and for maintaining the channel dredged under the previous project to a depth of 12 feet at mean low water and a width of 200 feet from the upper end of the 20-foot channel to the Pennsylvania Railroad bridge at Ferry Street, Trenton. The total length of the improvement is about 30.5 miles, and the distance from the lower end to Liston Point, the accepted point of division between Delaware River and Delaware Bay, is about 55 miles. The mean range of tide at Philadelphia is 5.2 feet and at Trenton 4.6 feet. The spring range is from 0.3 to 0.5 foot greater. Freshets, which occur usually during February and March, attain a height in the vicinity of Trenton of 9 to 15 feet above mean low water, with a velocity of about 6 miles per hour. Freshets may also occur at other seasons of the year, especially during the autumn months. Navigation is usually suspended during the winter months on account of the formation of ice in the river. The estimate of cost for new work revised in 1931 is $1,655,000, exclusive of amounts expended on previous projects, of which $15,000 was contributed by local interests. The latest (1930) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $60,000. The existing project was adopted by the river and harbor act of March 3, 1925 (H. Doc. No. 228, 68th Cong., 1st sess.), which pro- vided for a depth of 20 feet and modified by the river and harbor act of July 3, 1930 (R. & H. Com. Doc. No. 3, 71st Cong., 1st sess.), to provide for deepening the channel in Philadelphia Harbor to 28 feet, The latest published maps are in the Annual Report for 1914, page 1804, and the last-mentioned document. Recommended modification of project.--None. Local cooperation.---The act of July 25, 1912, adopting the project for improvement of the section between Lalor Street and the Penn- sylvania Railroad bridge at Trenton imposed the condition that the city of Trenton should provide substantial terminal facilities to meet the needs of present and prospective commerce. Steps were taken by the city of Trenton looking to the acquisition of all water-front property abutting on the proposed channel and plans were prepared for a comprehensive scheme of municipal terminals. The Secretary of War gave his approval to these plans on March 19, 1913, which then permitted work to be started on the 12-foot channel. The act of March 3, 1925, adopting the 20-foot project, imposed the condition that local interests give satisfactory assurance to the Secretary of War that they will provide public terminals at Trenton having not less than 3,000 linear feet of berthing space, with adequate covered storage and mechanical equipment, capable of handling about 500,000 tons annually; will provide satisfactory rail and highway connections therewith; and will furnish, without cost to the United States, suitable areas, bulkheaded if necessary, for the disposal of dredged materials. The Secretary of War on August 16, 1929, and subsequently, ac- cepted certain letters and agreements, including an ordinance passed 3OS Pseae or I 0#?mar or.examaZe Ar 3anyes by the city of Treaton -providing.foQ,c struction of publi c terminals with highway connections, 'as fulflling the; conditions imposed .by the act of March 3, 1925. ii ;The eit. pf Trenton has acquired: t bout 70i per oent of the 'water-. front within;the city.limits, in addition'to a large area south iof the eity line where the new public termisas are under -Construction. The act of July 3, 1930, providing for a channel depth of 28 feet between Allegheny Avenue, Philadelphia, and the Delair Bridge of the Pennsylvania: Railroad Co., imposes the further condition that local interests shall contribute $15,000 in cash toward that portion of the improvement. On January 3, 1931, this amount was received from the Mystic, Steamship Co., Boston, :Mass., which fulfills the condition imposed by the act. TerYirinal facilities.--To comply with the provisions of the act of July 25, 1912 the city of Trenton constructed a .concrete bulkhead at the foot of. Ferry Street, at the. head of the 12-foot channel, with a cargo shed and a dock 209 feet wide eitendingf 250 feet inshore from the bulkhead: line. The Pennsylvania Railroad has a track on the south side of the dock,; The upper wharf is,:leased to; a steamboat company operating freight barges between Philadelphia and Trenton. The city also owns a. wharf near: the lower end of Trenton, not used at present, suitable for low-grade freight, and there is a public landing for yachts and for other traffic in emergencies at the foot of Lalor Street. To comply with the act of Marchl3, 1925, the city of Trenton has adopted plans: for at modern :terminal- below the city line, at the head of the projected 20-foot dchannel, and work is in progress on the first unit of the terminal. A bulkhead 1,200 feet in length has.been completed, and a cargo shed, rail and highway -connections are under construction. Thereare 67 other wharves within the limits of the improvement, :of which 1 is owned by the United States, 8 by the city of Philadelphia, 8 by other municipalities, and 50 are privately owned. Eleven of .the,municipally owned wharves and 8 of the privately 'owned wharves are open to public use. The facilities are adequate for existing conmerce. (For further details see H. Doc. No. 652, 66th Cong., 2d sess. and Port Series No. 4, Corps of Engineers, revised 1931.) Operationsand results during fiscal year.,-New work was in prog- ress under three dredging. contracts, all of which were completed during the year, resulting in the completion of the 20-foot channel' to Trenton, except, for scattered bowlders and hard shoals between Roebling and Bordentown, N. J. The contract for dredging between Philadelphia, Pa., and Roe- bling, N. J., was completed October 31, 1931. Approximately 159,085 cubic yards, place measurement, were removed by pipe-line dredge from Beverly, Edgewater, Bristol, Anchor, Landreth,. Foundry, Church, and Roebling Ranges and deposited in shoal water and on shore at a cost of $28,411.10 for new work. The total quantity removed under this contract was 798,461 cubic yards. Contract dredging between Delanco and Roebling, N. J., in sections of the channel not completed under the previous contract, was com- menced October 22, 1931, and completed March 9, 1932. About RIVERS AND HARBORS--PHILADELPHIA, PA,, DISTRICT s9 606,155 cubic yards of eagrial, place measurement, were removed at a cost of $269,377.42, for new work Dredging by contract be- twe n Iordentown and Trenton, i1. ., was completed November 6, i3981. Aproxiately .187 01e01 b yards, place measurement, cubic were removed at a cost ot $783,639.26, for new work. .. Approximately 35 tons of bowlders were removed by Government plant and hired labor between Delanco and Fl0orence, N.' J., at cost of $2,0023, for:: new work. Sweeping and removal of bowlders. within the' limits of contract dredging on Duck Island and Church Ranges was completed by Government plant and hired labor, approximately 1,165 cubic yards being removed at a cost of $4,749.71, for new work. The removal of bowlders and hard shoals by United States derrick- boat-Rattlerbetween Roebling and Bordentown, N. J., was in prog- ress during the year. Approximately 3,785 cubic yards of material were removed at a cost of $5,936.12, for new work. The cost of operating the automatic tide gage at Trenton and four additional tide gages established at Bordentown, Florence, Burling- ton, and Torresdale was $2,001.73, for maintenance. Triangulation and surveys in connection with establishing monu- ments on the center line of the 28 and 20 foot channels, performed by Government plant and hired labor, amounted to $12,716.75, for main- tenance. A resurvey of the Delaware River between Philadelphia, Pa., and Trenton, N. J., was in progress during the year at a cost 6f $1,363.72, for maintenance. The total cost of work during the year was $1,110,256.04, of which $1,094,173.84 was for new work and $16,082.20 was for maintenance.. Total expenditures during the year amointed to $1,118,207.22. Condition at end of fiscal year.-The existing project is about 96 per cent completed. The 28-foot channel from Allegheny A'enue,. Philadelphia, to the Delair Bridge of the Pennsylvania Railroad is completed. The entire length of the 20-foot channel, extending from the Delair Bridge to the new marine terminal at Trenton, a distance of about 29 miles, is completed except for scattered boulders and gravel shoals between Roebling and Bordentown. Cleaning up of these shoals is in progress with Government plant. The latest exami- nation (April, 1932) shows controlling depths at mean low water on or near the center line as follows: Allegheny Avenue to Delair Bridge, 28.3 feet; Delair Bridge to Burlington, 20.5 feet; Burling- ton to Florence, 20.8 feet; Florence to Bordentown, 20.3 feet; Bor- dentown to the Trenton Marine Terminal, 20.7 feet. The least center line depth in the 12-foot channel from the city line to Ferry Street,. Trenton is about 12.6 feet at mean low water. The head of naviga- tion for boat traffic is the upper end of the improvement at the Penn- sylvania Railroad bridge at Trenton. The work remaining to be done to complete the project is the clear- ing of the channel of the remaining bowlders and gravel shoals be- tween Roebling and Bordentown. The total cost of the project to the end of the fiscal year, excluding $15,000 contributed funds which were expended for new work, was $1,592,834.97, of which $1,570,- 781.63 was for new work and $22,053.34 for maintenance. Total ex- 310 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 19 3 2 penditures under the existing project were $1,587,692.02, exclusive of $15,000 expended from contributed funds. Proposed operations.--It is proposed to apply the funds unex- pended and accounts receivable on June 30, 1932, amounting to $12,698.99, as follows: Accounts payable June 30, 1932-------------------------.....------- $5, 143. 95 New work: Clearing 20-foot channel of remaining bowlders and hard shoals, Roebling, N. J., to Bordentown, N. J., with Govern- ment plant (July-August, 1932) ----------------------------- 7, 555.04 Total for all work-------------1----------------------2,698.99 This will complete all new work under the project. Additional funds have been reserved for future allotment to pro- vide for maintenance dredging in the 28 and 20 foot channels, when the need therefor is more apparent. The sum of $75,000 can be profitably expended during the fiscal year 1934, as follows: Maintenance : Dredging in 28-foot channel, by contract, during the spring of 1934 -------------------------------------------- $10,000 Dredging in 20-foot channel, by contract, late in season of 1933__ 65, 000 Total ---- -------------------------------------------- 75, 000 The amount required for maintenance during the fiscal year 1934 exceeds the average expenditure for maintenance during the past five years, on account of the increased dredging anticipated to main- tain the newly dredged 28 and 20 foot channels. Commercial statistics.-Navigation in this section of the river is ordinarily open throughout the year, except between Bristol, Pa., and Trenton, N. J., a distance of about 14 miles, where navigation is generally closed from about the first of January to the end of February. The commerce during 1931 was exclusively domestic. One regular freight line-using the municipal pier at Trenton by arrangement with that city-maintains a daily schedule by barge and lighter between Philadelphia and Trenton and intermediate points; during January and February when ice conditions hamper navigation above Bristol, Pa., freight is ordinarily transported by motor truck. The section is also served by other river craft, and by sea-going barges and steamers. The draft of barges in 1931 ranged from 6 to 22 feet, and of steamers 10 to 27 feet, the latter being principally coal carriers to and from Bridesburg, about 6 miles above the central section of Philadelphia Harbor. Commerce in 1931 totaled 4,468,658 short tons, valued at $15,- 459,975, representing a decrease of 19.2 per cent in volume, and a decrease of 18.5 per cent in value, as compared with 1930. The de- crease is due principally to a decline in the sand and gravel trade; movement of sand and gravel aggregated 2,826,000 tons in 1931 as compared with 3,990,000 tons the previous year. Coal discharged at Bridesburg totaled 727,000 tons as compared with 699,000 tons in 1930. There was little variation in the movement of other staple commodities, such as pig iron, pipe, coal tar, and petroleum oils. Passenger traffic was confined to one small excursion steamer, which carried 9,080 passengers on short pleasure trips out of Trenton during the summer months. RIVERS AND HARBORS-PHILADELPHIA, PA., DISTRICT 311 Comparative statement Receipts and shipments Cargoes in transit Calendar year gPasen- Tons 'Value Tons Value 1927 .....---- .......-- ....-.... _ 5, 733, 890 $17, 530, 098 81, 560 1, 046 $261, 410 1928 -................................... 5,063, 776 17, 837, 687 463, 495 1, 406 329, 32 1929 ..........................------------------------------... _5, 844,073 16, 826,618 1 337,010 658 133,100 1930 .... ------------------------------ 5, 527, 962 18, 971,110 1 12, 604 1, 385 140, 434 1931------------ ------------------ 4,468, 658 '15, 459, 975 19,080 5, 929 450,167 I All excursion-boat passengers. Cost and financial summary Cost of new work to June 30, 1932----- ------------------ $2, 560, 924.93 Cost of maintenance to June 30, 1932--------------- --------- 282, 485. 91 Total cost of permanent work to June 30, 1932_________ 2, 843, 410. 84 Plus accounts receivable June 30, 1932 ------------------------ 1.00 Gross total costs to June 30, 1932 ------------------ 2, 843, 411.84 Minus accounts payable June 30, 1932_ .... __-- -__-------- 5, 143. 95 Net total expenditures-------------------------- --- 2, 838, 267. 89 Unexpended balance June 30, 1932_ -------------------------- 12, 697. 99 Total amount appropriated to June 30, 1932 ______- __--2, 850, 965. 88 Fiscal year ending June 30 1928 1929 1930 1931 1932 Cost of new work-------------......................------------------------ $20,626. 54 $455,981.25 $1, 094, 173. 84 Cost of maintenance----------........ -$24, 898. 33 $9, 617. 26 56, 572. 72 5, 971. 14 16, 082. 20, ------- __--------- Total cost__ 24,898.33 9,617.26 77,199.26 461,952. 39 1, 110, 256. 04 Total expended---.----------- ------28, 710.65 3, 161. 40 80,420. 08 453, 199. 85 1, 118, 207. 22 Allotted-----------------------------------65,000. 00 500,000.00 890,000.00 210,230.13 Balance unexpended July 1, 1931-------------------------- $920, 675. 08 Amount allotted from emergency construction act approved Dec. 20, 1930---------------------- $140, 000. 00 Amount allotted from War Department appropria- tion act approved Feb. 23, 1931___------- 215, 000. 00 355, 000. 00 Amount to be accounted for1___ -- __----_--- - 1, 275, 675. 08 Deductions on account of revocation of allotment-------------- 144, 769. 87 Net amount to be accounted for_ --- __----------- - 1, 130, 905. 21 Gross amount expended------- --------------- 1, 118,757. 22 Less reimbursements collected ---------------------- 550. 00 1, 118. 207. 22 Balance unexpended June 30, 1932---------------------- 12, 697. 99 ----- Outstanding liabilities June 30, 1932__- -- 5, 143. 95 Amount covered by uncompleted contracts------- -- 35. 00 5,178.95 Balance available June 30, 1932------------------------ 7, 519.04 Accounts receivable June 30, 1932------------------------------ 1.00 Unobligated balance available June 30, 1932____________ 7, 520. 04 Amount that can be profitably expended in fiscal year ending June - -- -- -- --- -- -- -- - -- -- -- -- -- -- -- - 30, 1934. for maintenance 75. 000. 00 1 Exclusive of available funds. '312 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1932 2. DELAWARE RIVER, PA., N. J., AND DEL., PHILADELPHIA, PA., TO THE SEA Locatiom and decription.-See page 306, also United States Coast and Geodetic Survey Charts Nos. 1218, 294, and 295. Oig'na condition.-The river was obstructed by shoals and bars carrying a minimum usable depth of 17 feet in the upper part of Phiiladelphia Itarbor, 17 feet over Muffin Bar, 18 feet over Schooner Ledge, 18 feet over Cherry Island Flats, 24 feet over Pennsville Shoals, 20 feet at Bulkhead Bar, and 21 feet at Dan Baker Shoal, with a channel width varying from about 175 to 600 feet. The actual and natural head of navigation for steamers and other craft is at Trenton, N. J., about 30 miles above Philadelphia, and about 85 miles above the mouth of the river at Liston Point. The river is navigable, however, for small boats and for rafting and logging for about 214 miles above Trenton. Previous projects.-Provision for improvement at isolated locali- ties was made by the river and harbor acts of July 4, 1836; March 3, 1873; March 3, 1875; June 18, 1878; March 3, 1879; July 5, 1884; and August 11, 1888. A comprehensive project for a 26-foot chan- nel from Philadelphia to the sea was adopted in 1885. A project for a 30-foot channel was adopted by the river and harbor act of March 3, 1899. The total cost and expenditures on these projects, prior to the adoption of the existing project, which was begun in 1910, were $14,001,466.63, the cost of new work being $12,976,057.61 and the cost of maintenance $1,025,409.02. For further details see page 1779 of Annual Report for 1915. Existing project.-This provides for a channel from deep water in Delaware Bay, about 8 miles below Liston Point, to Allegheny Ave- nue, Philadelphia, a distance of about 63 miles, having a depth of 35 feet, at mean low water and a width of 800 feet in the straight parts, 1,200 feet at Bulkhead Bar, 1,000 feet at the other bends, and 1,000 feet in Philadelphia Harbor. The project includes the con- struction of dikes for the regulation and control of the tidal flow and dredging to provide for an anchorage 35 feet deep and about 6,400 feet long at Port Richmond; for straightening the channel and extending the 1,000-foot width from Philadelphia Harbor to Horse- 5shoe Bend; for an anchorage area 30 feet deep and about 3,500 feet long at Gloucester, N. J.; for an anchorage 35 feet deep and about 7,300 feet long in the vicinity of Mantua Creek; and for the mainte- nance of any areas dredged by local interests to a depth of 35 feet between the channel and a line 100 feet channelward of the pier- head line between Point House Wharf and the Philadelphia Navy Yard, when in the opinion of the Chief of Engineers such areas are so located as to be of benefit to general navigation. The mean range of tide at various points on the river and bay is as follows: Philadelphia, Pa., 5.2 feet; Chester, Pa., 5.5 feet; New SCastle, Del., 5.5 feet; Liston Point, Del., 5.9 feet; and Lewes, Del., 4.3 feet. Under the influence of heavy and long-continued winds the range of tide may vary from about 4 feet below to about 10 feet above mean low water. Observations by the United States Coast and Geodetic Survey extending over a number of years at Phila- delphia, Pa., indicate that the mean tidal range has decreased about 0.7 foot and the elevation of mean low water has increased about RIVERS AND HARBORS---PHILADELPHIA, PA., DISTRICT 313 ,0.8 foot at that locality, as compared with the range and elevation observed there in 1878 and earlier. The change is probably due to the construction of regulating works in the river. A similar change has been observed by the Engineer Department at other points on the river above Liston Point. The estimate of cost or;new work revised in 1930 :is$19,215,000, exclusive of amounts expended on previous projects. The latest (1930) estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $1,890,000. The existing project was adopted by the river and harbor act of June 25, 1910 (H. Doc. No. 133, 61st Cong., 2d sess.). It was modi- fied by the river and harbor act of July 3, 1930 (H. Doc. No. 304, 71st Cong., 2d sess.), to provide for anchorages as above indicated and for extending the 1,000-foot channel width in Philadelphia Harbor to Horseshoe Bend. The latest published maps are in the Annual Report for 1913, page 1746, and in House Document No. 304, ,Seventy-first Congress, second session. Reco~mended modiflcations of project.--None. -previous Local cooperation.--None required by law. In connection with projects for 26-foot and 30-foot channels, approximately 8,115,000 cubic yards of dredged material and 87,000 cubic yards of ledge rock were removed from the channel at a total cost of about $1,552;000, with funds appropriated by the State of Pennsylvania ;and the city of Philadelphia. Terminal facilities.-There are 361 wharves within the limits of the improvement. One hundred and sixty-eight of these are within the limits of the city of Phaladelphia, Pa.; 82 are along the water fronts of Camden and Gloucester, N, J., opposite Philadelphia; 33 are at Chester, Pa.; and 78 at other points below Philadelphia. 'TheUnited States owns 31 wharves, 4 of which are open to public use. The State of Pennsylvania owns 1 wharf, used by the Federal quarantine service, and not open to public use. Thirty-eight wharves rare owned by municipalities. Of these, 8 are open to public use, free of charge, and 14 on payment of charges. There are 291 privately owned wharves, of which 42 are open to public use on payment of di the-hletion of RIVERS AND HARBORS-BALTIMORE, MD., DISTRIOT 417 the channel previously dredged. The existing project was found to be completed in 1931 by natural scour. The controlling depth at mean low water is 9 feet, ascertained in September, 1931. Nandua, a distance of 5 miles from the mouths is the head of navigation. Nav- igation is practicable throughout the year. The total cost of the existing project at the end of the fiscal year was $6,987.81, all of which was for new work.: The total expenditure was $6,987.81. Propasoed opeatione.-None. The project was completed during the calendar year 1931, and maintenance is not expected to be neces- sary during the fiscal years. 1933 and 1934, CmmrYii al statistio.-The general character of the commerce for the calendar, year 1931 consisted of potatoes and fertilizer. The limit of draft for loaded boats is 9 feet. Comparative statement Calendar year Tons Value Passengers 30 -- ...---------------------------- 8, 393 $441, 600 1931 --------------------- ------------------------------- .3,704 109,960 60 No statistics available prior to 1930. The decreased tonnage for 1931 is due to decrease in traffic of fertilizer, fruits, and vegetables. Cost and financial summary Cost of new work to June 30, 1932 ---. -------------.----- $6, 087. 81 Cost of maintenance to June 30, 1932------- ...----- 1Net total expenditures . -- --------------------- 6, 87. 81 Total amount appropriated to June 30, 1982 -- _-----------_---- 6, 987.81 Fiscal year ending June 30 1928 1929 1930 1931 19Q2 Cost of new work..-------- ------------.---- _---- $66,63 $81. 24 .'' Cost of maintenance-------------- --------. ..... .................. -------- ..---- -------- Total expended------------------ ----------------------------------- ------ 8.7& 87 Allotted ........---------.........---------- ------------- --------------------- 878.87 -1, 121.13 Balance unexpended July 1, 1931-- --------... --... ..--. $2,000.40 _---- Deductions on account of revocation allotment -- ... 1, 121. 13 Net amount to be accounted for__._.,__-- .------- - -.. --- 878. 87 Gross amount expended .. , .l..... , .87 18. OCCOHANNOCK CREEK, VA. Location and description.-This creek, a tidal estuary of Chesa. peake Bay, forms a portion of the dividing line between Accomac and Northampton Counties, Va., and lies wholly within the limits of these two counties. The portion under improvement extends from the mouth of the creek to Davis and Morleys Wharves, a distance of about 5 miles. The width between banks varies from 2,600 feet at the mouth to 1,200 feet at .Davis and Morleys Wharves, It has a drainage area of about 20 square miles. The drainage at high and low water is not known. Floods are minconsiderable. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Chart No. 1223.) 48 EPOrT rnt HIE Oa nGQEEs, t. S. A"MY, 1982 O condition.---The chapidel across the bar to te main eha: -igin cd el at the- mouth of the cre~, a distance of abut t onelialf mile, Wa very narPow and erooked sand had an available depth.:of about 7 feet. The~f was an availabi depth of about 8 fet from the mouth to Davis and Morleys hares. Pr vic 114Vojects.-None. aWi ing projet. --This provides for cdieding a channel . feet deep at mean low water, over a bottom width of 100 fe.t across the bar at the mouth of Occohannock Creek, a distance of about ozie-half mile. Under ordinary conditions the mean tidal range is about 1.5 feet and the extreme about 4.5 feet. .Theestimate of cost for new work made in 1929 is $17,000. The latest (1929) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $1,500. The existing project was adopted by the river and harbor act of July 3, 1930 (H. Doc. No. 165, 7ist Cong. 2d sess.). No project map has been published. Recommended modifications of project.-None. Local cooperation.-None. Terminal facilities.-There are three timber wharves on this stream with an available frontage of about 100 linear feet each, as follows: Concord, Davis, and Morleys. These wharves are open to general public use upon payment of wharfage, There are no railroad con- nections with any of the wharves. T i wharfage facilities are be- lieved to be adequate for the existing commerce on the eeek. (For further details see H. Doe. No. 165, 71st Cong;, 2d sess.) Operationsand results durig fl~cal year.-Dredgingon the 9-foot channel project authorized by the act of July 3, 1930, was com- menced under contract in August and completed in October 1931, by the removal of 49,348 cubic yards of material. It resulted in com- pleting the project channel. The total costs, all for new work, were $13,813.35. The total expenditures were $13,859.14. Condition at end of fescal year.--The existing project was com- pleted in 1931. The controlling depth at mean low water is 9 feet, ascertained in September, 1931. The total costs, all for new work, were $13,859.14. The total expenditures were $13,859.14. Proposed operations.--None. The project was completed during the fall of 1931, and maintenance is not expected to be necessary dur- ing the fiscal years 1933 and 1934. Commerciastatistics.-The general character of the commerce for 1931 consisted of fertilizer, vegetables, shells, and general merchan- dise. The limit of draft for loaded boats is 7 feet at mean low water. Comparative statement Calendar year Tons Value Passengers 1930 ------------ ---- ----------------------------------- 10, 253 95,285 1931.......... ------------------------------------------------ - 3,585 139 No statistics available prior to 1930. The decreased tonnage for 1931 is due to decrease in traffic of oys- ters, fertilizer, and potatoes. RIVERS A TNDHARBORS----3BALTIMORE, MD., DISTRICT 419 Co't cand lnwnaial summary Cost of new work to June 80, 1982---- .$------------------------ $13, 859.14 Cost of maintenance to June 30, 1932-------...-- ---- -------- Net total expenditures------ - ....---- 13, 859.14, Total amount appropriated to June 30, 1932. ------------------- 13, 859.14 Fiscal year ending June 30 1928 1929 1930 1931 1932 Cost of new work ---------------------------------------------- $45.79 $13,813.35 Cost of maintenance--------------..... ....... .. . ..... ............--.......---........ r0tal expanded_---------------------.------------------------------------.. 13,869.14 AlIotted--- ---------- .... ---------------------------------------- 1 000. O0 i, 514 Bylance unexpended July 1, 19 . ..------------------ $12,000.00 Amount allotted from War Department appropriation act approved 1¢b. 28, 19209 -- -- 3, 000. 00 - Amount to be accounted for.--...-.....--... ---- -- 15, 000. 00 Deductions on account of revocation of allotment--. ---- 1, 140. 86 Net amount to be accounted for----------------------- 13,859.14 Gross amount expended ---------------- ----------- 13, 859. 14 19. WATERWAY ON THE COAST OF VIRGINIA The project was completed in 1912, at a saving of $2,695 under the estimated cost. The controlling depths at mean low water ascer- tained in September, 1930, were 3.8 feet across Bogues Bay and 3.7 feet in Cat River. No work was done during the fiscal year and none is contemplated during the fiscal years 1933 and 1934, since the improvement is believed to be in condition to meet the reason- able requirements of present and prospective commerce. For fur- ther details see Annual Report for 1931, page 438. Commercial stattis.-The usual draft of loaded vessels is from 3 to 5 feet. The principal items of commerce for the calendar year consisted of marine products. (Comparative statement Calendar year Short tons Value Calendar year Short tons Value 1927---------------------- 22,086 $755, 754 1930,--------------------- 16,124 243 $547, 1928....---------------------- 17,322, 589, 070. 1931----------------...................... 2,021 22,590 1929---------------------- 15,509 498, 571 The decreased tonnage for 1931 was due to a falling off in traffic of marine products, coal, lumber, cordwood, and grain. Cost and4 nanoial summary Cost of new work to June 30, 1932--....-_-------------- $9,404. 45 Cost of maintenance to June 30, 1932------------------ ------ 11, 802. 46 Total cost of permanent work to June 30, 1932_..----------.21, 206.91 Net total expenditures 1-----------------1-- 21, 206. 91 Total amount appropriated to June 30, 1932-- -------- - 21, 206. 91 420 MREPORT, OF CHIEF :OF ENGINEEBRS1.u. ;s.ARY, 19 32 Fiscal year ending June 30 1928 1929 1930 1931 1932 Cot of new work--.. -.--. ..-- "--.-------. it4fmaintenance....................... $235.25 $4,500.00 --------- 606,91 . .. eal expended............--------------------................ 4,500. I 06 -0-- ... Allotted....---------------------------... -2, 0p00 4,500.00 $ -2, 39.3.09--- 20. LITTLE MAOCHIPONGO RIVER, VA. The project was completed in 1931. The controlling depth at mean low water, ascertained in May, 1931, was 8 feet from Great Machipongo River to the town of Willis Wharf. No work was done during the fiscal year and none is proposed during the fiscal years 1933 and 1934, as the channel is behiev d to be in conidition"to meet the reasonable requirements of present ancd prospectie, commerce. For further details see Annual Report for 1931, page 439. 'I n cial statstatiics.--The usual draft of loaded vessels is from 2 to 6 feet. No statistics available. Compairative statement Calendar year Short tons Value 1930----.........--. -------------- ......------------------------------------------- 13, 774 $5, 660 1981--....................................------------------------------------------------------------- () (1) I No statistics available. Cost and financial summary Cost of new work to June 30, 1932__-----$1-----00.0---- Cost of maintenance to June 30, 192 ------------ Net total expenditures _. ---_...---. -------... 15,;000. 00 Total amount appropriated to June 30, 1932_ ------------ 15, 000. 00 Fiscal year ending June 30 1928 1929 1930 1931 1932 Cost of new work.... ----------------------------- ------------------- $15, 000 ----------- Cost of maintenance-....----------- ___- .-------- Total expended....--------------------- --------- ----------- ------------ 15,000 .-....... Allotted------ --------------................ .. ...... ............ ............ 15, 000 21. HERRING BAY AND ROCKHOLE CREEK, MD. The project was completed in 1931. The expenditures during the year amounted to $219.08 and were for payment of outstanding lia- bilities incurred during the preceding year. No funds are available and no work is proposed during the fiscal years 1933 and 1934, since the improvement is believed to be in condition to meet the needs of existing and prospective commerce. For further details see Annual Report for 1931, page 479. Comnumercial statistic.--The character of the commerce for the calendar year 1931 consisted of oysters. The limit of draft for loaded boats is 6 feet. RIVERS AND ,IAlBBQRS---BAITIMORE, MD.,- DISTRICT C(omparative statement Calendar year Short tons Value 1931 28 $420 I No statistics available. Cost and finanotal summary Cost of new work to June 30, 1932- -- ---------- ------------- .. $6, 800 -Cost of maintenance to June 30, 1932__--------------------------------- etitotal expenditures- ---------------------------........ 6,300 0Total amount appropriated to June 30, 1932.--------.----.. -... .. ,30 Fiscal year ending Jtne 30 1928 ,1929 1930 1931 1932 Cost of new work-.......--..--....-------------------------- ......... ..... --- --...$6,00.00 ,.... .. Cost of maintenance------------------------ Total expended--- ------------------ ------------------------------ 6,080. 92 $219.08 Allotted-------........... -----------------------,,--------- ---------. --- --. 6,300 00' r . Ialance pnexpended, July 1, 1931 .......----.----------.-.----......... $ 19.,f8 G ross amount expended.--------. .- --------- --.... _---..... 219.08 22. EXAMINATIONS, SURVEYS, AND CONTINGENCIES (GENERAL) Operations under this heading comprise the making of preliminary examinations and surveys for navigation, called for by river and harbors acts and by resolutions of the committees of Congress (not including those investigations provided for in H. Doc. No. 3.08, 69th *Conig., 1st sess., or by sec. 10 of the flood control act of May 15, 1928) ; collection of commercial statistics; scellaneous surveys inspections, and estimates; permit and bridge inspections; harbor-line studies; fish-net- inspections; administration charges incurred in connection 'with inactive river and harbor projects; and minor routine naviga- tion investigations. The- cost of work during the year amounted to $15,091.21; the expenditures were $14,616.59. The balance unexpended will be applied.as needed during the fiscal year 1933 to payment of expenses incurred in connection with the above items. The additional sum of $15,000 can be profitably expended during the fiscal year ending June 30, 1034. Cods and fnanotal summary Cost of maintenande to June 80, 1932-------------- --------- $37, 621.73 Minus accounts payable June 80, 1932. ------- --- -- 474. 62 Net total expenditures------------------------------ 8,147.11 Unexpended balance .tune 30, 1932------------ -------------...... 8,3589 Total amount appropriated to June 30, .1932____........__;... 40,500.00 422 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, tT. S. ARMY, 19 32 Fiscal year ending June 30 1928 1929 1930 1931 1932 Cost ofnew work----....-------------- ------------ - ----------------------------------- Cost of maintenance----.....----.... ------------- ------ $9, 276. 56 $4, 974. 16 $8,279. 80 $15, 091.21 Total expended_,_. ___________ ___ .... ....... 8, 777. 38 5, 434. 53 8, 318. 61 14, 616. 59 Allotted.............................---------------------------- $5, 000. 00 15, 000. 00 4, 500.00 14, 000. 00 7, 000. 00 Balance unexpended July 1, 1931._______- __ __-------------- $10, 969. 48 Amount allotted from War Deparitment appropriation act approved Febi 23, 1931 ------------------------------------------- 7,000. 00 Amount to be accounted for---------------------------- 17, 969. 48 Grossb amount expended .------------------------------------ .. 4, 616. 59 Balance unexpended June 30, 1932______ _______--------3, 352. 89 Outstanding liabilities June 30, 1932____ _______-______---- 474. 62 Balance available June 30, 1932__..1 111____ __1 2, 878. 27 Amount allotted for fiscal year 1933--------------------------25, 000.00 Amount available for fiscal year 1933--------------- 27, 878. 27 Amount that can be profitably expended in fiscal year ending June 30, 1934, for maintenance 1 _______- - __ -- - -- ______ ______ 15, 000. 00 EXAMINATIONS AND SURVEYS MADE IN COMPLIANCE WITH THE RIVER AND, HARBOR ACTS APPROVED JANUARY 21, 1927, AND JULY 3, 1930 Reports on preliminary examinations and surveys required by the river and harbor acts approved January 21, 1927, and July 3, 1930, of the following localities within this district were duly submitted by the district and :division engineers. They were reviewed by the Board of Engineers for Rivers and Harbors, pursuant to law, and were transmitted to Congress and printed in documents as indicated: 1. Preliminary examination and dur ey of Starlings Creek, Acco- mac County, Va.-Reports dated September 26, 1928, and May 4, 1931, by the district engineer, and October 1, 1928, and June 16, 1931, by the division engineer, with illustration, are printed in House Doc- ument No. 138, Seventy-second Congress, first session. A plan of improvement is presented which provides for a channel 8 feet deep and -50 feet wide from Pocomoke Sound to Starlings Creek, with an anchorage basin at the inner end 6 feet deep and not exceeding 2 acres in area, at a total estimated cost of $22,750, with $400 annually for maintenance, subject Ito certain conditions of local cooperation. 2. Preliminary examination and survey of Parish Creek, Anne Arundel County, Md.--Reports dated February 7, 1931, and Sep- tember 25, 1931, by the district engineer, and April 28, 1931, and October 5, 1931, by the division engineer, with illustration, are printed in House Document No. 185, Seventy-second Congress, first session. A plan of improvement is presented which provides for a channel 8 feet deep and 50 feet wide, with an anchorage basin 6 feet deep and not exceeding 1.5 acres in area, at an estimated cost of $19,290, with $300 annually for maintenance, subject to certain con- ditions of local cooperation. 3. Preliminaryexamination and survey of Knapps Narrows, Talbot County, Md.-Reports dated March 4, 1931, and December 15, 1931, 1 Exclusive of available funds. RIVER$S AND HARBORS---BALTIMORE, 1iD., DISTRICT 423 by the district engineer, and May 19, 1931, and December 19, 1931, by the division engineer, with illustrations, are; printed in House Document No. 308, Seventy-second Congress, first session. A plan of improvement is presented which provides for a channel 9, feet deep between Chesapeake Bay and Harris Creek, 75 feet wide in the nar- rows, widened to 100 feet at each end, with suitable widening at bends,, at an estimated cost of $68,700, with $1,500 annually for main- tenance, subject to certain conditions of local cooperation. 4. Preliminary examination and survey of Chaninel of the Upper Thoroughfare lying between the steamboat wharf on Deals Island, Md., and Maynes Point in the Tangier district.--Reports dated April 30, 1931, and May 10, 1932, by the district engineer, and June 8, 1931, and June 9, 1932, by the division engineer, with illustration, are printed in River and Harbor Committee Document No. 37, Seventy- second Congress, first session. A plan of improvement is presented which provides for a channel 9 feet deep and 75 feet wide from Tangier Sound to and along the south shore of the Thoroughfare, protected by breakwaters at the entrance, and with a turning basin at the inner end, and an anchorage area, 6 feet deep and 150 feet wide, extending across the waterway parallel to the highway bridge, at an estimated cost of $47,000 with maintenance estimated at the rate of $2,000 annually, subject to certain conditions of local cooperation. Reports on preliminary examinations required by the river and harbor act approved July 3, 1930, of the following localities within this district, were duly submitted by the district and division engi- neers. They were reviewed by the Board of Engineers for Rivers and Harbors, pursuant to law, and were transmitted to Congress, but have not yet been printed: 1. Preliminary examination of Walnut Harbor, Talbot County, Md.-Reports by the district and division engineers were transmitted to Congress April 29, 1932. The improvement of this locality by the United States is not deemed advisable at the present time. 2. Preliminary examination of Broad Creek, Md., from Annemes- sex River to Pocomake Sound, Somerset County, Md.-Reports by the district and division engineers were transmitted to Congress De- cember 7, 1931. The improvement of this locality, other than as authorized by the existing project, is not deemed advisable at the present time. 3. Preliminary examination of waterway across Kent Island, Queen Annes County, Md., connecting Chesapeake Bay with East- ern Bay in the vicinity of Mattapex.-Reports by the district and division engineers were transmitted to Congress December 9, 1931. The improvement of this locality by the United States is not deemed advisable at the present time. 4. Preliminaryexamination of CorsicaRiver, Queen Annes County, Md.--Reports by the district and division engineers were trans- mitted to Congress December 8, 1931. The improvement of this locality, other than as authorized by the existing project, is not deemed advisable at the present time. The local engineer was also charged with the duty of making other preliminary examinations and surveys provided for by the river and harbor acts approved January 21, 1927, and July 3, 1930, as follows: 424± REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS,' U. S. ARMY, 1932 1. Tangier Sound, Va., with a view to securing a channel to the foot of county road on the south end of Tangier Island. Reports dated June 22, 1928, and April 29, 1931, by the district engineer, and June 27, 1928, and June 9, 1931, by the division engineer on prelimi- nary examination and survey, are held in abeyance by the Board of Engineers for Rivers and Harbors at the request of local interests. 2. Area at the mouth of Pooomoke River, Worcester County, Md., known as " The Muds."-Reports dated May 18, 1931, and January 15, 1932, by the district engineer, and June 16, 1931, and April 30, 1932, by the division engineer, on preliminary examination and sur- vey, are pending before the Board of Engineers for Rivers and Har- bors, awaiting receipt of new report on the survey. 3. Back River, Bear Creek, Cuwrtis Creek, and Colgate Creek, Md.- The report on preliminary examination is being delayed by the dis- trict engineer, in order to give local interests sufficient time to submit pertinent data pertaining thereto. 4. Channel from Rhodes Point to Tdlerton, Smiths Island, Md.- Reports dated August 29, 1931, and September 25, 1931, by the dis- trict and division engineers, on preliminary examination, were re- ceived. A survey is in progress. 5. Honga River and Tar Bay (Barren Island Gaps), Md.-Re- ports dated August 31, 1931, and January 30, 1932, by the district engineer, and September 25, 1931, and February 17, 1932, by the division engineer, on preliminary examination and survey, are re- ceiving consideration by the Board of Engineers for Rivers and Harbors. REPORTS REQUIRED BY RESOLUTIONS OF THE COMMITTEE ON RIVERS AND HARBORS, HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Reports indicated below, called for by resolutions of the Commit- tee on Rivers and Harbors, House of Representatives, will be sub- mitted as soon as practicable: 1. Review of reports on Tangier Sound to Chesapeake Bay via Ewell, Md., printed in House Document No. 313, Seventy-first Con- gress, second session. The district and division engineer have been requested to submit reports. 2. Review of reports on Tangier Channel, Va., printed in House Document No. 107, Sixty-third Congress. The district and division engineers have been requested to submit reports. 3. Review of reports on Annapolis Harbor, Md., authorized by the river and harbor act approved January 21, 1927, and transmitted to Congress December 4, 1928. The district and division engineers have been requested to submit reports. 4. Review of reports on Baltimore Harbor and Channels, Md., printed in House Document No. 29, Seventy-first Congress, first ses- sion. The district and division engineers have been requested to submit reports. 5. Review of reports on Bradfords Bay, Va., authorized by the river and harbor act approved March 3, 1925, and transmitted to Congress April 4, 1930. The district and division engineers have been requested to submit reports. RIVERS AND HARBORS-WASHINGTON, D. C., DISTRICT 425 IMPROVEMENT OF RIVERS AND HARBORS IN THE WASHINGTON, D. C., DISTRICT This district includes the western shore of Chesapeake Bay be- tween Cove Point on the north at the entrance to Patuxent River and York Point on the south, at the mouth of the Poquoson River, left bank, and all streams and their tributaries emptying into Chesa- peake Bay between these limits. The more important rivers are the Patuxent, Potomac, Anacostia, Rappahannock, York, Mattaponi, and Pamunkey. District engineer: Maj. J. D. Arthur, jr., Corps of Engineers. Division engineer: Col. Harley B. Ferguson, Corps of Engineers, to June 19, 1932, and: Col. T. H. Jackson, Corps of Engineers, since that date. IMPROVEMENTS Page Page 1. Potomac River at Washing- 8. Cockrells Creek, Va-------- 443 ton, D. C ----------- 425 9. Rappahannock River, Va _, 444 2. Anacostia River, D. C------- 430 10. Urbanna Creek, Va-------- 447 31 Potomac River at Alexandria, 11. Carters Creek, Va------- 448 Va --------------------- 432 12. Horn Harbor, Va ------ 450 4. Potomac River below Wash- 13. York River, Va------------451 ington, D. C-------------- 434 14. Mattaponi River, Va------ 454 5. Occoquan Creek, Va-------- 437 15. Pamunkey River, Va------ 457 6. Monroe Bay and Creek, Va__ 439 16. Examinations, surveys, and 7. Smith Creek, Md------- ---- 441 contingencies (general) 459 1. POTOMAC RIVER AT WASHINGTON, D. C. Location and description.-Thisriver is formed by the junction of the north and south branches, about 21 miles below Cumberland, Md., and flows in a generally southeasterly direction about 287 miles to Chesapeake Bay, which it enters about 80 miles from the Atlantic Ocean. From 3 miles above Washington the river is nontidal and is quite rapid; below Washington, a distance of 110 miles to its mouth, it is tidal. The harbor at Washington, D. C., is about 207 miles by water, in a southeasterly and northerly direction, from the harbor at Baltimore, Md., and about 200 miles by water, in a northwesterly direction, from the harbor at Norfolk, Va. The harbor, formed by the reclamation of flats in the Potomac River opposite the city of Washington, averages 950 feet in width and is 2 miles in length. In the section of river between Georgetown, D. C., and Cumber- land Md.,a distance of 195. miles, there is a fall of 605 feet, 178 feet df which isbetween Chain Bridge and Seneca, Md., a distance of 18 miles; 73 feet between Point of Rocks, Md., and Chesapeake & Ohio Canal Dam No. 3, just above Harpers Ferry, W. Va., a distance of 13 miles; and the balance of the way the fall is quite uniform. The average width between banks from Washington to the mouth is 3 miles. The drainage area is 14,500 square miles. The low-water discharge at Washington is about 1,000 second-feet, the high-water discharge 400,000 second-feet, and ordinary freshets cause a rise of 8 feet at this point. In the tidal reach, 117 miles, freshets have a relatively slight effect. They usually occur in the spring or fall. Washington 426 REPORT OF C(EF 1OFENGINEERS, U. 8. ARIMY, 1982 is 110 miles above fhe muth of the river. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Chart No.560.) Original on~dition.-The river was obstructed by two bars, the lower near Giesboro Point, on which the minimum doyth was 14 feet, and the upper, ektending from the Highway Bridge 1 mile upstream in the Virginia Chan nel, with a minimum de of 8 feet i ~mean low water and a width of 250 fet. Thedehth inthe Wash- ington Channel along the city harbor front was about 10 feet and the width 150 feet. The flats along the Washington front (including what is now Potomac Park) extending to the edge of the Virginia Channel were largely bare at low water and were considered an active agent ii spreading malaria and other diseases. Georgetown Harbor was obstructed by dangerous rocks. The Aqueduct Bridge, at Georgetown, was considered the head of navigation for river traffic, but the Chesapeake &..Ohio Canal extended navigation, with a depth of 6 feet, from Georgetown, D. C., to Cumberland, Md. The navigable portion of the stream at this locality was 5 miles. Previous projects.-Jy a~ act approved March 2, 1833, Congress authorizd certain channel works below Georgetown, D. C. The act of March 3, 1849 provided for a survey of the river, and the act of July 11, 1870, adopted the original project for improvement. The dost and expenditures under these previous projects to 1882 were $389,475.21. For further details see page 1791 of Annual Report for 1915. Existing project.-This provides for dredging the Virginia Chan- nel 20 feet deep and of sufficient width (now about 600 feet) to afford a low-water cross-sectional area of 25,000 square feet; for dredging the Washington Channel at least 20 feet deep; for the reclamation of the flats to 3 feet above the freshet elevation of 1877 by depositing the dredged material thereon; for the construction of a tidal reservoir to periodically flush the Washington Channel; and for the construction of a training dike in the Virginia Channel 7,207 feet long, of which 5,052 feet isriprap stone and 2,155. feet is earth. The area included in the project extends from Giesboro Point, which is 108 miles from the mouth of the river, 5 miles upstream to the Francis Scott Key Bridge. The plane of reference is mean low water. The tidal ranges are: Mean, 3 feet; extreme, 4.5 feet; ir- regular, 7.5 feet. The estimate of cost for new work, revised in 1897, is $2,953,020, exclusive of amounts expended on previous projects. The latest (1928) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $62,500. The existing project was adopted by the river and harbor act of August 2, 1882 (S. Doc. No. 126, 47th Cong., 1st sess., and Annual Report for 1882, p. 980). The latest published map is in the Annual Report for 1914, page 1890. Recommended modifications of project.-None. Local cooperation.--The District of Columbia has built four mu- nicipal concrete wharves on the Washington Channel, at a cost of about $100,000. Tedrmina failities.-There are about 9,440 feet of water front along the Virginia and Washington Channels which are available for terminal facilities, of which only 7,570 feet are now used in con- nection with commerce on the waterway. RIVERS AND HABORS--WASHINGTON, D. C., DISTRICT 427 The wharves in the Virginia Channel (Georgetown front), 10 in number, are, for the most part, bulkhead structures of timber, stone, or concrete; such wooden- ple wharves as do exist are narrow struc- tures extending ut little beyond the bulkheads, In this section all vessels berth parallel to the bulkhead. The wharves in the Virginia Channel are privately owned. Seven are closed to the public and three are open to the public on equal terms. All of the wharves in the Washington Channel, 30 in number, are owned by the Federal Government, 26 under the supervision and control of the District Commissioners and 4 under the immediate supervisioq and control of the Chief of Engineers. Five are open -to the public on equal terms. The pier-and-slip system is used in the Washington Channel, and vessels berth both at the ends and sides of the piers. As a rule, the wharves are in very poor condition, except those operated by the municipal and Federal Governments. The Chesapeake & Ohio Canal Co. has a lock at the mouth of Rock Creek for the passage of their barges from and into the Potomac River. The terminal and transfer facilities' at Washington, D. C., are considered inadequate. Suitable terminal facilities should be pro- vided. (For further details see H. Doc. No. 652, 66th Cong., 2d sess.) Operations and results during fiscal year.--The U. S. hydraulic pipe-line dredge Talcott was engaged from December 2 to 8, 1931, in dredging a shoal in the Virginia Channel at the mouth of Rock Creek, depositing 11,737 cubic yards of material on Analostan Island, The derrick boat Atlas was engaged March 17 and 18, 1932, in dredg. Ing shoal formed at spoil basin waste weir in Boundary Channel, removing 575 cubic yards of material. The cost of the dredging and incidental work was $3,262.58. The tidal gates were repaired and maintained at a cost of $2,868$.2. Government plant and property was maintained at a cost of $7,430.83. Miscellaneous surveys and investigations were made at a cost of $863.82. The total cost was $14,425.55, all applied to maintenance. The total expenditure was $41,115.48. Condltion at end of fiscal year.-The existing project was com. pleted in 1913. There has resulted: Channels of project depth 4 mdiles long and about 500 feet wide in the Virginia Channel; 23/4 mile long and 400 feet wide in the Washington Channel and an additional width along the west side of the Washington Channel of 350 feet, 18 to 20 feet deep; :a tidalreservoir (111 acres in area) with inlet and outlet gates ;the complete -reclamation of Potomac Park (428 acres) the construction o 87,885 linear feet of sea wall; the building of 7,207 linear feet of training dike; the reclamation of Columbia Island (121 acres); the excavation from the channel de- posited on Potomac Park, 19,792,754 cubic yards; on section A, Anacostia Park, 41,440 cubip iyards; oi Columbia Island, 3,897,108 cubic yards; and on Analostan Island, 11,737 cubic yards. Columbia Island is now surrounded bya channl not less than 50 feet wide and 5 feet deep. The channels and the structures are Sh good condition. The controlling depth at mean low water in _May; 1989, was 19.5 feet in the Virg ia 4annel for a width of 400 eet, amd in April, 19)t, 21A lini the Washington Ohannet 428 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1932 The total cost of the existing project was $3,548,080.62, of which $1,919,425.38 was for new work and $1,628,655.24 for maintenance. The total expenditures were $4,019,864.05. Proposed operations.-The funds unexpended and accounts receiv- able June 30, 1932, together with an allotment of $52,000 to be made later, a total of $217,621.41, will be applied as follows: Accounts payable June 30, 1932_ ___.. ____- -- _ $13, 978. 34 Deferred credit balances of overhead accounts--------- 15, 029.76 $29, 008.10 Maintenance: Redredging Virginia Channel by contract (Febru- ary to April, 1933) ------------------------ 53, 500. 00 Preparation of deposit basins by hired labor (Octo- ber to December, 1932) ----------------- 6, 000. 00 Maintenance and repair of tidal gates (July, 1932, to June, 1933) 5, 000. 00 __------------------------------ Maintenance of Government plant and property (July, 1932, to June, 1933) ----------------- 10,000. 00 Completion of transfer of repair yard to Anacostia River ------------------------------------ 17, 300. 00 Construction of hull and transfer of machinery for U. S. dredge DaZecarlia -_--------------- Construction of 2 new steel scows- ----- 22, 000. 00 _----_25, 000. 00 Purchase of new district boat------------------ 28, 000. 00 Miscellaneous surveys (July, 1932, to June, 1933)__ 2, 000. 00 168, 800.00 197, 808.10 Revolving fund to cover work for other departments pending reim- bursement of costs ---------------------------------- 19, 813. 31 Total -------------------------------------------- 217, 621.41 It is expected that the funds will be practically exhausted by June 30, 1933. The sum of $60,000 can be profitably expended during the fiscal year 1934, as follows: Maintenance : Redredging channels by contract (July to September, 1933)-___. $45, 000 Maintenance and repair of tidal gates (July, 1933, to June, 1934)_ 5, 000 Maintenance of Government plant and property (July, 1933, to June, 1934) -------- ----------------------------------- 10, 000 Total ------------ 6------------ 60, 000 Commercial statistics.-Commerce for the calendar year 1931 is reported as 1,683,522 short tons, valued at $17,309,728, exclusive of 635,850 short tons, valued at $32,249,067, cargoes in transit, with a total of 1,211,130 net registered tonnage, and 4,368 passengers to and from the Anacostia River. The principal items in order of tonnage are as follows: Sand and gravel, 1,519,054 tons; cement, 41,199 tons: stone, riprap, 34,960 tons; petroleum products, 31,130 tons; and machinery and vehicles, 12,588 tons. All of the commerce passed over the improved section of which 14 per cent required the increased draft. The increase in tonnage is due principally to increase in receipts of sand and gravel. The decrease is due to decrease in value of practically all items. The range of draft for loaded vessels for the principal items and the proportion of the total tonnage pertaining thereto are approxi- mately as follows: Sand and gravel, 4 to 8 feet, 90 per cent; cement, RIVERS AND HARBOIS--WASHINGTON, D. 9., DISTRICT 429 12 to 14 feet, 21/2 per cent; stone, riprap, 4 to,8 feet, 2 per cent; petroleum products, 4 to 16 feet, 2 per cent; and machinery and vehicles, 10 to 16 feet, three-fourths of 1 per cet. Comparative statement Vessel traffic Additional traffic, Calnda yer cargoes in transit 1 Calendar year Tons Value Passengers Tons Value 1927_-........................ .. 1,536, 766 $20,543, 530 420, 521 , 1928.............................. 1,498, 397 13, 446, 284 253, 266 496, 721 $7, 861, 653 1929 ........ . 1, 680, 912 18, 896, 615 305,314 656,597 24, 524,119 1930----- - --........ . - 1, 646, 447 18, 130, 370 301,866 663, 337 38, 002,141 1931_--.-- -- ---- -1, 683, 522 17, 309, 728 225,188 635, 850 32, 249, 067 1To and from Anacostia River. Cost and financial suamma4ry Cost of new work to June 30, 1932 ------------------------ $2, 258, 900. 59 Cost of maintenance to June 30, 1932 .------- ___------ .--- 1, 628, 655. 24 Total cost of permanent work to June 30, 1932-----------3, 887, 555. 83 Value of plant, materials, etc, etc., on hand June 30, 1932----------- 425, 641.46 Net total cost to June 30, 1932---- --- -- _ 4, 313, 197.29 Plus accounts receivable June 30, 1932 ------------------------ 60, 120. 31 Gross total costs to June 30, 1932 --------------------- 4, 373, 317. 60 Minus accounts payable June 30, 1932 ------------------------- 13,978.34 Net total expenditures-----------------------------4, 359, 339.26 Unexpended balance June 30, 1932 --------------------------- 105, 501. 10 Total amount appropriated to June 30, 1932------------ 4, 464, 840.36 Fiscal year ending June 30 1928 1929 1930 1931 1932 cost of new work__.......... __- 55 ____ cost of maintenance_..------------__- $75,127. 99 $71, 988.13 $7. 986. 25 $69, 805.15 $14,425. Total expended... ..---------------------- 279, 285. 30 124, 443. 71 221, 960. 03 -95,304. 57 41, 115. 48 Allotted_-.-------..---. -----..-....... 300, 965. 15 145,000. 00 171, 000. 00 5,000. 00 -17, 000.00 Balance unexpended July 1, 1931--- ------------ $163, 616. 58 Amount allotted from War Department appropriation act approved Sept. 22, 1922__-__ ____ $595. 88 Amount allotted from War Department appropriation act approved May 28, 1930_________ 25, 012. 29 Amount allotted from War Department appropriation act approved Feb. 23, 1931____----___ 30, 916. 76 Amount allotted from War Department appropriation act approved Feb. 23, 1927_------__ ------ _ 11, 475. 07 68, 000. 00 Amount to be accounted for __ ___---___-231, 616. 58 Deductions on account of revocation of allotment -------------- 85, 000. 00 Net amount to be accounted for-- .... -------__ ___ 146, 616. 58 430 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1932 Gross amount expended------------------------$572, 249. 28 Less: Reimbursements collected---------$530, 118. 67 Receipts from sales----------------1, 015. 13 531, 133. 80 $41, 115. 48 Balance unexpended June 30, 1932---------------------105, 501. 10 Outstanding liabilities June 30, 1932--------------- 32, 275. 07 Amount covered by uncompleted contracts----------- 7, 500. 00 39, 775. 07 Balance available June 30, 1932.-------------------- 65, 726.03 Accounts receivable June 30, 1932-------------------------- 60, 120. 31 Unobligated balance available June 30, 1932--------------125, 846. 34 Amount that can be profitably expended in fiscal year ending June 30, 1934, for maintenance '_________---__------------------ 60, 000. 00 2. ANACOSTIA RIVER, D. C. Location and description.-Rises in Maryland and flows about 22 miles in a southwesterly direction, emptying into the Potomac River at Washington, D. C., about 108 miles above its mouth. The upper 13 miles are nontidal, having a moderate current; the lower 9 miles are tidal. Its drainage area is 170 square miles. The low-water fluvial discharge at Bladensburg is about 10 second-feet, and the high-water discharge at the same place about 15,000 second-feet. The average fall per mile is about 15 feet. The average width between banks is approximately one-half mile. Freshets generally occur in the spring. (See United States Coast and Geodetic Survey Chart No. 560.) Original condition.-The portion of the river downstream of the Anacostia Bridge was from one-half to 1 mile wide; the channel was narrow, tortuous, and had a ruling depth of about 18 feet; be- tween the channel and the shore were extensive flats with depths of 1 to 4 feet, which were covered in summer with aquatic plants. Upstream of Anacostia Bridge there were depths of 12 to 2 feet, with extensive marsh flats. Sewage was discharged into the river and collected on the flats, causing offensive and unhealthy condi- tions. The head of navigation was Bladensburg, 83/4 miles from the mouth. Previous projects.-The river and harbor act of September 19, 1890, authorized an allotment of $20,000 for work in the Anacostia River from the appropriation for improving the Potomac River at Washington. A joint resolution of Congress, dated April 11, 1898, appropriated $2,000 for a survey of the river from its mouth to the District of Columbia boundary line. The cost and expenditures under these previous projects to 1902 were $20,536.94, charged as new work. For further details see page 1792 of Annual Report for 1915. Existing project.-This provides for a channel from the mouth to Anacostia Bridge, 2 miles, 20 feet deep for a width of 400 feet, the depth 'then gradually decreasing to 6 feet at the bulkhead lines, and 1Exclusive of available funds. RIVERS AND HARBORS-WASHINGTON, D. C., DISTRICT 431 for depositing the dredged materials on the adjacent flats to an aver- age elevation of 7 feet above low tide, the reclaimed area to be sur- rounded by an earthen embankment to a height of 14 feet above low tide, protected by a masonry sea wall and provided with drainage through the embankment. The plane of reference is mean low water. The tidal ranges are: Mean, 3 feet; extreme, 4.5 feet; irregular, 7.5 -feet. The estimate of cost for new work, made in 1898, is $1,218,525, exclusive of amounts expended under previous projects. The latest (1917) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $6,000. The existing project was adopted by the river and harbor act of June 13, 1902"(H. Doc. No. 87, 55th Cong., 3d sess., and Annual Report for 1899, p. 1443). The latest published map is found in the Annual Report for 1914, page 1890. Recommended modifications of project.-None. Local cooperation.-None. Terminal facilities.-There is about 22,800 feet of water front, of which 14,800 feet are occupied by park reservations and airports; of the remainder, 2,500 feet has been developed by the Federal Govern- ment for Federal activities as solid fill bulkhead with slips, and the District of Columbia has developed a 1,000-foot bulkhead with slip and one wharf for District of Columbia activities, and on the re- maining 5,500 feet of water front there are 7 private wharves, 4 bulkhead, and 1 open pile structure in good condition, and 2 dilapi- dated structures. The wharves are open to the public only by special arrangement. Terminal facilities are considered sufficient for the present traffic but will not be sufficient for any increase in commerce. (For further details see H. Doc. No. 652, 66th Cong., 2d sess.) Operations anjd results during fiscal year.-The United States bulldozer was engaged from November 18 to December 6, and from December 21 to 27, 1931, in grading levees of Bolling Field deposit basin used in last fiscal year. The cost of grading was $550.28. The cost of surveys from last fiscal year was adjusted and reim- bursement made of $1,207.46. The total cost for the fiscal year was $550.28, all applied to mainte- nance. The total expenditure was minus $666.54. Condition at end of fiscal year.-The project has been completed so far as the channel dimensions are concerned. The only portion of the project which remains to be completed is the fill on the reclaimed areas. Additional reclamation work was provided for in the District of Columbia appropriation act, approved August 31, 1918, but this did not complete the filling, and this act also provided that the entire area reclaimed and to be reclaimed shall be a part of the park system of the District of Columbia and designated Anacostia Park. The results to date are as follows: 9,128,631 cubic yards, of mate- rial have been excavated and placed behind sea walls, partially reclaiming 460 acres of land. A sea wall 13,202 feet long was built, being completed in 1917. All works are in fair condition. The con- trolling depth March, 1931, was 21.5 feet at mean low water. The total costs under the existing project were $878,629.53-$749,563.25 for new work, and $129,066.28 for maintenance. The total expendi- tures were $878629.53. 28 140960-ENG 1932-- 432 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1932 Proposed operations.-None. No funds are available nor are any required for the fiscal year 1934, as it is not believed that mainte- nance will be necessary. Conmmercial statistics.-Commerce for the calendar year 1931 is reported as 671,990 short tons, valued at $32,429,759. The principal items in order of tonnage are as follows: Sand, gravel, and stone, 384,070 tons; petroleum products, 265,283 tons; and naval ordnance and stores, 18,197 tons. All of the commerce passed over the im- proved section, of which 9 per cent required 16 feet depth and 22 per cent required 12 feet depth. The increase in tonnage is due to an in- crease in petroleum products, and the decrease in value is due to de- crease in naval ordnance and stores. The range of draft for loaded vessels for the principal items, and the proportion of the total tonnage pertaining thereto, is approxi- mately as follows: Sand, gravel, and stone, 4 to 8 feet, 52 per cent; petroleum products, 11 to 17 feet, 39 per cent; and naval ordnance and stores, 8 to 20 feet, 3 per cent. Comparative statement Calendar Tons Value Passengers Calendar Tons Value Passengers year year 1927--------........ 521, 640 773, $7, 324 29, 833 1930....-------- 664, 437 $38, 105, 223 41,490 1928 -------- 499, 503 7, 958, 442 16, 887 1931-------- 671, 990 32, 429, 759 1 2, 184 1929-------- 657, 666 24, 624, 664 41, 688 1Decrease due to discontinuance of Navy passenger service to Dahlgren, Va. Cost and financial summary Cost of new work to June 30, 1932 ------------------------- $770, 100. 19 Cost of maintenance to June 30, 1932 __------------------------ 129, 066. 28 Total cost of permanent work to June 30, 1932------------899, 166. 47 Net total expenditures-----------------------------------899, 166. 47 Total amount appropriated to June 30, 1932_-....------ ___-_ 899, 166. 47 Fiscal year ending June 30 1928 1929 1930 1931 1932 Cost of new w ork ..... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Cost of maintenance----------..................----------------------------------- $43, 649. 72 $550. 28 Total expended...........--------------------------------------------------- 44, 866. 54 -666. 54 Allotted ..------------- --------------- -$9,033. 53 ----------- $60,000. 00 -4, 500. 00 -11,300. 00 Balance unexpended July 1, 1931------------------------------ $10, 633. 46 Deductions on account of revocation of allotment______________ 11, 300. 00 Net amount to be accounted for- -------------------- -666.54 Gross amount expended ---------------------------- $553. 10 Less reimbursements collected --- 1, 219. 64 -666.54 3. POTOMAC RIVER AT ALEXANDRIA, VA. Location and description.-Alexandria, on the right bank of the Potomac River, is 5 miles below Washington, D. C., and 105 miles above the mouth of the river. The river is described on page 425. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Chart No. 560.) RIVERS .ND H ABARSBQ----9wAINT, X)- P.C, DPITRIQT .433 Origin, condition.--It is reported that prior to: 1889 a natural depth of 20 feet or rinote existed along, the entire wharf front, but that during the freshet of June, 1889, :anold steamboat luI sank near the upper linmits ofthe ciy and diverted the currents wich had swept past the c ffront, eisulting in the formation of a bar of mud... The depth in gexandriaHrbo jut prior to improvement were about 10 feet t the upper end ,10 feet near the center, and 20 feet near the lower, end. Previu projet,-.-.None. Emisting project.-This provides for a depth of 24 feet in front of _Alexandria betweenther through channel and a line drawp,20 feet outside. of the stablished pirhead ie,. This area is about 6,700 feet in length and averages 300 feet in width. The lower end of the improved section is X04 miles from the mouth of the river. The plane of reference is mean low Water. The tidal ranges are: iMean, 3 feet; extreme 4.5 feet; irregular, 6 feet. The estimate of cost for new work, made in 1908, is $116,000. The latest (1928) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $5,500. The existing project was adopted by the river and harbor act of June 25, 1910 (H. Doc. No. 1253, 60th Cong., 2d sess.). The latest published map is in the project document. Recommended modifications of project.-None. Local cooperation.-None. Terminal facilities.-Alexandria has 16 regular shipping wharves or landings. Eleven of these are wooden-pile structures, generally in fair condition. The others are solid-fill bulkhead piers or bulk- head landings. Vessels berth at the ends of piers and in the slips. Five of the wharves are open to use by the general public; one is a naval torpedo filling station owned by the Federal Government; the balance are closed. The terminal and transfer facilities are con- sidered adequate for existing commerce. (For further details see H. Doc. No. 652, 66th Cong., 2d sess.) Operations and results during fiscal year.-No work was done and there were no expenditures. Condition at end of fiscal year.-The existing project was com- pleted in 1912 at a saving of $20,786 under the estimated cost. Channels 6,700 feet long were dredged and redredged; a retaining wall 2,780 feet long, containing 8,033 cubic yards of cobblestones and 4,953 cubic yards of riprap, was built; Battery Cove (46.57 acres) was reclaimed by the deposit of 747,673 cubic yards of channel- dredged material, of which 5382278 cubic yards were paid for, 149,395 cubic yards were excess dredging under contract not paid for, and 60,000 cubic yards were deposited by private parties under permit; and 360,697 cubic yards of maintenance dredging were deposited in the basin opposite Alexandria and in cove above Bryants Wharf. By Supreme Court decision No. 45 of the October, 1921, term, Bat- tery Cove was held to be under the jurisdiction of the District of Columbia and to be owned by the United States. On December 2, 1929, jurisdiction over Battery Cove was transferred to the Quarter- master General, United States Army. The controllmng depth in February, 1932, was 15.6 and 20 feet at mean low water for the upper and lower sections, respectively, of the improvement. 434 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1932 The total cost under the existing project was $183,940.84, of which $95,214.52 was for new work and $88,726.32 for maintenance. The total expenditures were $183,940.84. Proposed operations.-None. No funds are available. The sum of $50,000 can be profitably expended during the fiscal year 1934 in redredging throughout the project by contract during the period April to June, 1934. This amount exceeds the average amount expended for maintenance during the preceding five years,. and is due to the fact that there have been no maintenance operations since the fiscal year 1926. Commercial statistics.-Commerce for the calendar year 1931 isk reported as 162,220 short tons, valued at $2,860,127. The principal items in order of tonnage are as follows: Cement, 48,980 tons; sand and gravel, 30,993 tons; petroleum products, 29,747 tons; and chemi- cals, 28,294 tons. All of the commerce passed over the improved sec-- tion. The decrease in tonnage and value is due to a decrease in receipts and shipments of all items, with the exception of cement. The range of draft for loaded vessels for the principal items and the proportion of the total tonnage pertaining thereto are approxi- mately as follows: Cement, 12 to 16 feet, 30 per cent; sand and gravel, 4 to 8 feet, 19 per cent; petroleum products, 8 to 16 feet, 18 per cent; and chemicals, 10 to 22 feet, 17 per cent. Comparative statement Calendar Tons Value Passengers Calendar Tons Value Passengers year year 1927-----..- 290,774 $7,261,891 21, 918 1930--- ..- _ 170,196 $3,651,962 3, 950, 1928 - 223,966 3,967,519 13,560 1931- -_- -.. 162, 220 2,860,127 3,264 1929 ..-- . 174,720 3,811,740 2, 041 Cost and financial summary Cost of new work to June 30, 1932________________________ __ $95, 214. 52 Cost of maintenance to June 30, 1932----------------------- 88, 726. 32 Total cost of permanent work to June 30, 1932__-- __ -___183, 940. 84 Net total expenditures--------------------------------183, 940. 84 Total amount appropriated to June 30, 1932-------------------183, 940. 84 Fiscal year ending June 30 1928 1929 1930 1931 1932 Cost of new work..- Cost of maintenance __ - Total expended--. ----------------------- -$239.16 ------ Allotted__---------------- ----------- 239. 16 Amount that can be profitably expended in fiscal year ending June 30, 1934, for maintenance- - -- ____------ ------ $50, 000 4. POTOMAC RIVER BELOW WASHINGTON, D. C. Location and description.-For a description of the Potomac River- below Washington, D. C., see page 425. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Charts Nos. 557, 558, 559, and 560.) RIvS AND HARORS--WA5lTNGTQN, D. C., PISlRIGT original conditio-The river was obstrueted by seven shoals on which the depth ranged from 181/2 to $3 feet at mean low tide.. These shoals we1e Kettle Btto, Marland Point, Smith Point (two shoals), Mattawoman,:Marsha ll fli, and Naval Magaine, located, respectively, 40, 67, 69, 71J& Sk , and 106 miles above the mouth of the river. The length of the shoals was about 10 miles and the widths ranged from 400 to 20Q0 feet in the upper por- tions and about miles in the lower portion of the river. f The head of navigation was and is Chain Bridge 8 miles above Giesboro Point,. D. C., the upper limit of this section o the river, Previousprolject---None. E ting project.--This provides for securing by dredging a chan- nel 24 feet deep at mean low water and 200 feet wide between the mouth of the river and Washington, D C., a distance of 108 miles. The tidal ranges are: Mean, 1.3 feet at the mouth, 3 feet at Wash- ington; extreme, 2 feet at the mouth, 4,5 feet at Washington; irreg. ular, 2.4 feet at the mouth, 7.5 feet at Washington. The estimate of cost for new work made in 1891 is $158,400, The latest (1928). approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $ 0,00. The existing project was adopted by, the river and harbor act of March 8, 1899 (H. Doc. No. 3i, 52d Cong., 1st seas.). The latest published map is in the Annual Report for 1902, page 1038, and in House Document No. 859, Sixtieth Congress, first session, Recommended modifications of project.-None. Local cooperation.--None. Terminal facities.--In general, the improvement is a main river channel, so that terminal facilities are only served where the channel runs close to either bank of the river. In all, 18 wharves are thus served, distributed in the general vicinity of the following localities: Number of wharves Bellevue------------------------ ------------------------------- 2 Fort Washington--------- -------------------------------------- 1 Fort Humphreys---------- ------------------------------------ 1 Indianhead---------------3------ -- ------------ 3 Quantico ------------------------------------------------------ 2 Smith aid. Maryland Points ------------------------------------ 2 Colonial Beach --------- ------------------------- 6 Point Lookout--------------------------- ------------------ 1 These wharves are of open and solid fill construction and bulkhead type, some being owned privately and others by different agencies of the United States. The private wharves are open to public by special arrangement. The facilities are considered adequate for the existing commerce. Operations and results during fiscal year.-The U. S. hydraulic pipe line dredge Talcott was engaged August 26 and 27 in dredging a shoal at Maryland Point, depositing 4,859 cubic yards of material in adjacent deep water, at a cost of $2,317.54 . The total cost for the fiscal year was $2,317.54, all applied to maintenance. The total expenditure was $2,589.57. Condition at end of fiscal year.-The eistin project--was com- pleted in 1905, at a saving of $4,564 under the estimated cost. Chan- nels aggregating 15.6 miles have been dredged and redredged, a total of 4,482,177 cubic yards of material being dredged. The chan- it bItfhE 4@t or CH1EFF 4PN;ES SrA, ' S. ABMMY, 192 neils ak'ein good condition; the controlling depth April, 1930, was ' 231 5 feeit at mean low wate . i'tf t st under the existingprbjct w a $45316.76, of which mtal $158 8 86asfor nW work and $2)9880.76 -for maitenance. The total kinditires eie $45,21.7&O P 8se deopera t ions.-N--1one. No funds are available. The Sui of $70,000 eanb e profitably expended during the fiscal year 1934 in redre ging naval 'magazine, Marshall Hall, Matta- woman, and Smith Point shoals by contract during the period July to November, 1933. Only the four shoals mentioned of the seven that have required maintenance in former years will require redredging. This amount exceeds the average expended for maintenance during the preceding five years, And is due to the fact that there have been no general maintenance operations since 1928. Comnmercia satts.-o nenhrce for the calendar year 1931 is re- ported as 2 591,050 short tons, valued at $55,629,392. The principal items in order of tonnage are as follows: Sand and gravel, 1,967,075 tons; petroleum prodis, 298,824 Itons; cemnent, 107,446 tons; forest products, 46,247 tons fertilizer ahd raw products, 37,470 tons; naval ordnance and stores, 21,925 tons; and automobiles and trucks, 12,358 tons. Niniety-flve per dentof the cornerce passed over the improved sction, of which less than 1 per cent required the 24.fot depth. The decrease in tonnage and value is due to A.decrease in practically all items. The range for loaded vessels for the prineipal items and the pro- p~ion' of the total tonnage, pertaining thereto are approximately as follows: Sand and: gravel, 4 to 8 feet,' 68 per cent; petroleum prod- uets, 10 to 18.feet, ' 12 per cent; cement, 12 t 18 feet, 4 per cent; forest products, 4 to 16 feet, 2 per cent; frtilizer and raw products, 6 to '18 feet, 11/2 per cent; naval ordnance and stores, 12 to 18 feet, 1 per cent; and automobiles and trucks, 6 to 18 feet, one-half of 1 per cent. Comparative statement 1 Vessel traffic Vessel trafficcargoes Additional traffic, intransit Calendar year Tons Value Passengers Tons Value 19------ ------------------------ 2, 402, 604 1$47711,225 515,264 -- .... ................... 2,078, 000 30, 260, 558 255,,066 ---------- . 1929 .. . ..... 2, 664, 341 . . _........ 69, 907, 800 307, 926 -- 198 . -... 2, 633, 595 79, 391, 513 305,407 ._ . . 1931----__-........-......-.............. 2, 022, 712 26, 896, 923 242,820 568, 338 $28, 732,469 1 Includes cargoes in transit prior to 1931. Cost and financial summary Cost of new work to June 30, 1932------ ...--------------- $153, 836.00 Cost of maintenance to June 30, 1932--- ----- ---------- - 299, 380. 76 Total cost of permanent work to June 30, 1932 ------ 453,.216.76 Net total expenditures---------------- ------------- : -- 453, 216. 76 Total amount appropriated to J une 30, 1932--_ -- 4453, 216.70 RtVRs- AtD HARBORS W A8fin&TGTO , C; OD DISTRIOT 437 Fiscal year ending June 30 1928 1929 1930. 1931 1932 C of new wor- -t - - - - 99T- . $27- Cost of maintenanbe P4Z 230.19 48 $27.4 ______ $2, Total expended..----------------------137, 75L 01 386,S0. & 309 27.85 Z 559.57 Allotted.-. . ...---....--- --. 45,421,39 22,0898 -2,506.03 4,500.00 -1x882.58 alnce unexpend July 1, 1931_...---.....------- ------- --- $4,472. 15 Deductions on account of revocation of allotment.------------ 1, 882. 58 Net amount to be accounted for__---------------------- 2, 589. 57 Gross amount expended............. ------------------------ 2, 589. 57 Amount that can be profitably expended in fiscal year ending June 30, 1934, for maintenance------------ 70, 000. 00 ----------------- 5. OCCOQtUAN CREEK, VA. Location and description.--This creek is formed by the junction of Bull and Broad Runs, about 5 miles southeast of Manassas, Va.; and flows about-13 miles in a southeasterly direction, emptying into the Potomac River about 26 miles below Washington, D. C. The drainagearea is about 609 square miles,' and the discharge varies from 10 to 21,000 second-feet. .The section covered by the existing project is in the tidal portion of the stream. The average width between banks is approximately one-half mile. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Chart No. 560.) Original condition.-The lower portion was obstructed by three bars, over which but 1.2 feet could be carried at low tide. Aside from these the creek was amply wide and deep at low water to per- mit craft drawing 5 feet to proceed to Occoquan, the head of naviga- tion, a distance of about 6 miles. P eviou projects,--The first project was adopted by the river aid harbor act of Mirch 3, 1873. The appropriation thereunder amounted to $25,000, al of which -was expended by 1880. For furthe details see page 1792, Annual Reports fOr 1915'. Eistin iroject.--This provides foor dredging a channel 6 feet deep at mean low water' and 150 feet wide from deep water in the Potomac River to Taylors Point, and thence 100 feet wide to the town of Occoquan, 6 miles from the mouth, and the protection of the charinl above Taylors Point by riprap-stone dikes 2,220 feet long. The plane of reference is mean low water. The tidal ranges are: Mean, 2 feet; extreme, 3 feet; irregular, 5 feet. The estimate of cost for new work, revised in 1907, is $64,000, egtbisive of aimount expended oni previous projects. The latest. (1923) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $3,000. The existing project was adopted by the river and harbor act of September 19, 1890 (H. Doc. No. 75, 51st Cong., 1st sess.); was modi- fied December 5, 1890 (see Annual Report for 1890, p. 1089, and for- 1891, p. 1254); and was extended by river and harbor act of March 2, 1907 (H. Doc. No. 190, 59th Cong., 1st sess.). The latest published map is in House Document No. .661, Sixty-third Congress, second. session. 438 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1932 Recommended modifications of project.-None. Local cooperation.-None. Terminal facilities.-There are 10 landings or wharves in Occo- quan Creek, the one pertaining to the workhouse owned by the municipal government of the District of Columbia, the principal terminal, is solid fill and open-pile structure; all the other wharves or landings are solid bulkhead structures. All of the wharves or landings, except the two owned by the municipal government of the District of Columbia, are open to the public on equal terms. The terminal facilities are considered sufficient for the present traffic. (For further details see H. Doec. No. 652, 66th Cong., 2d sess.) Operations and results during fiscal year.-The U. S. derrick boat Atlas was engaged from July 19 to August 13, 1931, in rebuilding 10,015 feet of levee at island above Sandy Point, handling 14,770 cubic yards of material at a cost of $2,381.45. Miscellaneous surveys and investigations were made at a cost of $3.23. The total cost was $2,384.68, all applied to maintenance. The total expenditure was $2,893.85. Condition at end of fiscal year.-The existing project is 92 per cent completed; the only work remaining to be done is the construc- tion of the dike at Upper Mud Bar, which is not at present con- sidered necessary. Stone dikes aggregating 1,953 feet in length and containing 7,827.6 cubic feet of riprap stone were built, and chan- nels aggregating 2.6 miles were dredged and redredged, 705,993 cubic yards being excavated. The controlling depth January, 1929, was 6.5 feet at mean low water. The total cost was $114,280.58, of which $41,252.95 was for new work and $73,027.63 for maintenance. The total expenditures were $114,280.58. Proposed operations.-None. No funds are available. The sum of $12,000 can be profitably expended during the fiscal year 1934 in redredging channels by contract during March, 1934. This amount exceeds the average amount expended for maintenance during the preceding five years, but is required to restore project dimensions on bars which have not been dredged for 8 to 13 years. Commercial statistics.-Commerce for the calendar year 1931 is reported as 15,858 short tons, valued at $239,415. The principal items in order of tonnage are brick, 12,761 tons, and scrap iron and steel, 1,304 tons. All the commerce passed over the improved sec- tion all of which required the increased depth. The decrease in tonnage and value is because of no shipments of riprap stone. The range of draft for loaded vessels for the principal items, and the proportion of the total tonnage pertaining thereto, is approxi- mately as follows: Brick, 4 to 8 feet, 81 per cent; scrap iron and steel, 4 to 8 feet, 8 per cent. Comparative statement Calendar year Tons Value Calendar year Tons Value 1927 -------------- . 14,005 $201, 585 1930--...... 125, 157 $632, 359 1928 .... ... ...... 11,973 210, 325 1931 . 15, 858 239,415 1929 ------- 125, 980 646, 689 RIVERS AND HARBORS-WASHINGTON, D. C., DISTRICT 439 Cost and financial summary Cost of new work to June 30, 1932--------------------------- $66, 252. 95 Cost of maintenance to June 30, 1932_____ -___--_______ _ 73, 027. 63 Total cost of permanent work to June 30, 1932_-________- 139, 280, 58 Net total expenditures-______-- __---- 139, 280. 58 Total amount appropriated to June 30, 1932___ __------__ 139, 280. 58 Fiseal Year ernding June 30 1928: 1929: 1930 1931 1932 Cost of new work ................. Cost of maintenance__.------------------- $3, 084.69 $663. 94 ..------------ $664. 56 $2, 384.68 Total expended.. ....... .....-----------------------. 5, 763.54 699. 80 ... ..------------155. 39 2, 893.85 Allotted..............................------------------ -786.40 3,600.00 $18.33 ---------- -1,950.76 Balance unexpended July 1, 1931 __--------------___------- $4,844.61 Deductions on account of revocation of allotment---------------- 1, 950. 76 Net amount to be accounted for----------------------- 2, 893. 85 Gross amount expended ___--- ______ _---------2, - 893.85 Amount (estimated) required to be appropriated for completion of existing project------- 700. 00 2--------------------------- Amount that can be profitably expended in fiscal year ending June 30, 1934, for maintenance_-------- _ --------- 12, 000. 00 6. MONROE BAY AND CREEK, VA. Location and description.-Located in Westmoreland County, Va., 75 miles in a southerly direction from Washington, D. C. Monroe Bay is a slight indentation on the right bank of the Potomac River, into which Monroe Creek discharges. Monroe Creek is a tidal stream 5 miles long, 250 feet wide at the mouth, with an average width of three-eighths mile for 1 /2 miles upstream. The drainage area is 8.9 square miles, with a small fluvial discharge for which there is no data available. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Chart No. 558.) Original .condition.-InMonroe Bay there were depths of 6 to 8 feet and within the creek depths of 5 to 7 feet for a distance of 1,500 feet, for channel width of 100 to 200 feet. Upstream for about 2 miles to the head of navigation there were depths of 3 to 6 feet. Previous projects.-None. Existing project.-This provides for a channel 100 feet wide and 8 feet deep at mean low water and 950 feet long, through the bar at the entrance, and within the creek a channel 100 feet wide and 7 feet deep and 2,500 feet long, with turning and anchorage basin 500 feet in width at the upper end in the vicinity of the Colonial Beach waterworks. The plane of reference is mean low water. The mean tidal range is 1.6 feet. The estimate of cost of new work made in 1928 is $15,200. The latest (1928) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $700. The existing project was adopted by the river and harbor act of July 3, 1930 (I. Doc. No. 172, 70th Cong., 1st sess.). The latest published map is in the project document. Recommended modifications of project.-None. 4410 REPORTr OF CEF OPF ElIGINEESU. S. AlwY, ;19,2 Local cooperation.--,Althoughnotarequiredby law, local interests have furnished, without cost to the United States, satisfactory S itareas for the dredged -material. Tie'.~ faoilities.-There are 11 small wharves anda cding in the reek, all of which are privately owned: and open to the public .bylpe~ial arrangement. None of the wharves have terminal or il S -nsfer facilities, and the structures are considered inadequate for present and future needs. Efect of improvement.-Commerce has been considerably in- creased and extensive use made of the harbor for refuge and for the ransfer of cargoes. O ration~ and results8ering floa ear.-Miscellaneous costs in connection with dredging of channels by the U. S. hydrailic pipe- tiir dredge Talcctt during the preceding fiscal year were $347.39. The total cost for the year was $347.39, all applied to new work. 'he total expenditures were minus $756.84. ; ... Condition at end of fiCeal-ea.---The existing was con-.. .project pleted in 1931, at a saving of $2,740 under the estimated cost. A ta, of 110,736 cubic yards of material has been dredge from the channels. The controlling depth in June, 1931. as 8.~feet at mean lowr water at the entrance channel and 7.7 feet within the creek. The total cost under the existing project was $12,460.07, all for new work. :TI totalexpe iditues' were $12,460.0.i 'Proposedoperations.--None. No funds are available nor are any required for the fiscal year L934, as it is not believed that maintenance will be necessary. Comme ial statitc.- Conmerce for the caledar :year 1931 is Teported as 1,555 shor tons, valued at $225,5W.X The increase in tonnage and aluez is dae ,to increased receipts: and shidpents of all items except oysters in shell. Oyster dredgin'g was priiitied in the Piotomac River, during the-'alendar year 1931.. Comparative statement Calendar year Tons Value ...... .............. ...... ..... .............. 7 18,645 ------------------- --.---..------..--- - --- . ,6 221,54 1Incomplete. Cost and financial sunamary 'Cost of new work to June 0, 1932-- ... ..----------------------- $12,460. 07 Cost of maintenance to June 30, 1932.------,------ -------.--- Total cost of:permanent work to June 30, 1932----------- 12,460.07 Net total expenditures.------- --- 12, 460. 07 -Total amount appropriated to June 30, 1932--- ----------- 12,460.07 Fiscal. year ending June 30 1928 1929 " 1930 13' 1932 Cost of new work.----------------------------------------------- 12 'Cost of maintenance-..---..... . - -..... --- -..... . .. -- 1- -a . -- .. -- Total expended_.-.- ...-.--.. ......,--- -------...... ..-- -c.---- 13 2i1891 . 9;i758184 Allotted ____ .. . 1.i . 1-----------1, .. :11. .. __. . . 200.00 -'2 9I@1#3 RIVERS, AND HARBORS- WASHINGTON, D. C., DISTRICT 441 Balance unexpeaded July li X981 i-- ------- $1, 9838.09 Amount allotted rom War Dei }t ent appropriaton act approved 23 1931-.V.: ., .--- ---------- SFeb. __ OV, ; Amount to be acebn ted for ---------------- 4, 733.09 Deductios on account of reottof qialotment ....-----.---.. 5, 489.93 Niet aount to be accounted -ors--,.....--------------758.84 Gross amount exp ided- ------------ $353. 30 less reimbursements collected-_ - .....--. .-- -.. 1;,110. 14 --75.X84 7 SMITH CREEK, MD. Location and description.-'This is a tidal stream, located in St. Marys County, Md., entering the Potomac River 10 miles upstream of its. mouth and: 100 mile in a southeasterly directiop from Wash igton, D. C. The stream is about 31/ iles in length, with a width of 2,000 feet for the first mile, and 200 to 1,000 feet in width in the upper sections. The drainage area is 8:2 square miles, with a small fluvial discharge for Which no data are available. (See .. S. CQast and Geodetic Survey Chart No.:057.) Original condition.r-The entr~nce was obstructedih a bar whii e the controlling depth, in a tortuous chann ,l was 10 feet. Within the creek there are depths of 12 to.22feetfr 13 miles, with channe widths of 300 to 1,000 feet. Practically the entire stream is a navi- gable waterway with depths in the upper sections of 4 to 12 feet. Previous projects.-None. Existing project.-This provides for a channel 12 feet deep at mean low water 150 feet wide and 1,100 feet long across the entrance bar. The plane of reference is mean low water. The mean tidal :range is 1.4 feet. The estimate of cost for new work made in 1927 is $7,500. The latest (1930) approved estimate for annual cost of' maintenance is $800. The existing project was adopted by the river and harbor act approved July 3, 1930 (H. Doc. No. 177, 70th Cong., 1st sess.). The latest published map is in that document. Recomnmended modifications of project -- None. Local cooperation.-The river and harbor act approved July 3, !1980 in adopting the project provides that local interests shall as- sume all claims for damages to, oyster grounds affected by the im- provement and furnish, without cost to the United States, satisfac- tory areas for the disposal of dredged material. These conditions have been complied with. Terminal facilities.-There are eight wharves on Smith Creek, all privately owned and open to the public by special arrangement. The existing facilities are considered adequate. Effect of improvement.-Commerce has increased, as has also the use of the creek as a harbor of refuge. Operations and results during fleaal year.--The U. S. hydraulic pipe-line dredge Talaott was engaged from July 11 to 14, 1931, in dredging 1,035 linear feet of channel through the entrance bar, de- positing a total of 8,434 cubic yards on adjacent flats, at: a cost of $2,578.49. The total cost was $2,578.49, all applied to new work. The total expenditure was $2,829.05. 442 ItET ok'TC . . NEERSi Ui S..IEAI:MlY,r 19 32 S io at etnd of-ea-The taI. existing. p~eje t -was coma leted in 1981, at a s$ting of $2,24 the estinated cost. A derndir ttali A 18 127 cubic yards of material was dredged. The cntroling depth in July, 1931, was 12 feet at mean low water. The' total cost under the exis1ing project for the fiscal year was $5~.22, all for new work. The total exPenditure was $5,252.22. Prpacsp oper atio.s,.-None. No f'nds are avalkble or are any ab requid il rhe fiscal year 1934, as it is not believed that maintenance be necessary. Commercial statistics.--Conmrrce for the calendar year 1931 is reported as 5,449 short tons, valued at $279,520. The principal items in order of tonns being pulpwvd, 2,028 tons; sea-food products, 7 1 t ns; general merchandise, 549 :ons; coal 443 tons; and fer- tilizer, 425 ti s. The pprt t Was improved sy, 1931. The in- crease i tonnge ue principally to the increase shipments of In ]est products Th4 decrease in value is due prinipally to the decrasein tonnage ofgneal merchandise and canned goods. The range of Idraft or loaded esels for the principal ites and the .proportion of the total tonnage pertaining thereto is approxi- itas folws Puilpwood 6 to 10 fet, 37 per cent; sea-food prducts, 6 to 8 feet, 14 per cent; genral merchadise, 8 to 10 feet, 10 per cent; coal, 1 tom8 feet, 8 per dent; and fertilizer, 8 to 10 feet, 8 pi etet. Calendr year Toos Value Passengers 19 -...- ......--- --- -....... -3, 657 $454, 141 408 1930-__--:::::::----------------------------------------------- 3,42 40,822 265 1- .......---........----------............................------------- 5,44 279;1$0 172 (lout and ;inandt :seamor Cost of new work to June 0, 1932. ......- - --.----- --.... $5, 252..22 Cost of maintenance to June 30, 1i32_...---._----._-----.i L 1. Sotal oost of permanent wotk to June 80, 19 82-----.-.---- 5, 252.22 Net ttal expenditures ............................. 5, 252.22 Total amount appropriated to June 30, 1932, ....--. _5, .--- 252. 22 Fiscal year ending June30 1925 1929 1930 1931 1932 Cost o new work---..........--..--------------...--------------- --.......----..........$2,67373 $2, 78. 49 Cost of maintenance,---------------- - - - -- ------- --- -- . -- _--_____". -"-. -- "---- Total expended-_----------------_------------------._---2,923.17 2,329.05 Allotted-. ..------------------------------------ ------------ 5.000 .--------- .- 247. 78 Balance unexpended July 1, 1981..........----.---- -- $2,576.83 Amount allotted from War Department appropriation act approved Feb. 23, 1931._.--------------------------------------- - .0 Amount to be accoited fo----------- ------------... - 2 828. 83 Deductions on account of revocation of allotment----------------- 4--7.78 Net amount to be accounted for-- ......._ --.. 2, 32. 05 Gross amount expended-- ...... $------------------------ Less reimbursements collected-- ------- -- ------- 249. 44 2, 329. 05 RIVRS AD- ARnBOR---WASefTGOX, eD.O., DIST ICT 443 & CoratE l& V.IIQE VA. Lao cation and desriP s.-Tiss rbek s in Northumbeirland County, Va. It is a tidal estuaty eFti teo Great,Wicomico River near its noth. omn the westm shore, of Cesapeakle Ry ab ut 75 miles north :of Norfolk, a, The Ecreek iss 3Y miles long ad five-eighths .of a:milewid at the mouth, and within the cr~k ,one- fourl.lcf a mile i wi th to Reedvilld, 13.4 miles pstream and thence gradually decreasing in width to its source. The dranage area is 51/2 square miles, with a very small fluvial discharge, for which there is no data at~ilbe, (See T. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Chart No. 534.) Oroina1 co ndtion--There is a bar at the entrance with depths of 15 to 15% feet. Within the creek, there are depths of 14 to 20 feet for a, width of 200 feet, 1/4 miles upstream to Reedville, the usual head of navigation. Small craft can proceed upstream 14 miles with a controlling depth of 5 feet. Previous projects.-None.. Existing project.-This provides for a channel. 180 feet wide and 18 feet deep extending from the entranee to the deep 'wwatr south of Tims Point, a total distance of 8,500} feet. The :p*ie of ref rence is mean low water. The mean tidal range is 1.2 feet. The estimate of cost for new work made in 1927 is $50,000. The latest (1>92) approved estimate for annual cost of,maintenance is $1,500. The existing project was adopted by the river and harbor act of July 3, 1930 (H. Doc. No. 107, 70th Cong., 1st sess.), which docu- ment contains the latest published map. Recommended monzli oons of prject.-None. Locac oe oraton--The ,authorized project proviides that lbcal interests shall furnish, without cost to the United States, satisfac- tory spoil disposal areas for the deposit of dredged material. The conditions have not been complied with. Terminal faiities.--There are 3 steamboat wharves, 9 fish fac- tory developments, with from 1 to 5 docks each, 2 canning factory wharves, 2 oil wharves, a marine railway, and about two dozen small landings, all of which are privately owned and open to the public only b special arrangement. The fish factory docks all have special unloading and conveying machigmahinery for handin fish cargoes. The other wharves have no transfer or terminal facilities. The wharf structures are. all of timber construction and are considered adequate for present needs. Operaatons arw ndd alr diri f Zo yeCear.--one. Ondtian at end of' t ! e~ 'r.--SamSn as original condition, as no work has been done. Prwl ose~ oration -No funds are available and no work is pro- posed dirig the fiscal years 1933 and 1934 due to nonfulfillment of conditions of local' cooperation. Commercia statt .---Cbnmerce for the calendar year 1931 is reported as 57,446 short tons, valued at $2,370,360. The principal items in order of tonnage are as follows: Menhaden fish and: prod- ucts, 42,260 tons; nonmetallic minerals, 7,726 tons; and sea-food 444 REPORT OF CHIEF OP ENGINEERS, U. . AB MY 9.382 products, 3,655 tons. The project has not, as yet, been improved.. The decrease in tonnage and value is due principally to the decrease, in shipments and rece~tsiof all ims, especially menhaden fish; nd. products and nonmetallidinerals, The of: draft for the principal items, and the proportion crane of the otal tonnage pertaining thereto, are approximately as fol- lows: Menhaden fish and products, 3 to 16 feet, 73 per cent; non- metallic minerals, 4 to 14 feet, 13 per cent; and sea-food products 3 to 12 feet, 6 per cent. Comparative. statement Calendar year Topis Value .Passengers 1929. -- ------------- _ -----------------.------- --- 84,583 $3, 700,019 1,298 1930.........................-----..........-------------------------------------..--...-----....81, 728 53,70 2563, 1, 269 1931------------------------------------------- ------ -57,446 2,370,100 873 Cost and ftnancial summary Cost of new work to June 80, 1a2-----..----------- ... ------ Cost of maintenance- to June 80a1982.------------------------ Net total expenditures------- ---- -- --- - - total amount appropriated to Janne , 1932.---.------------ ;- ------ Amount (estimated) required to;be appropriated for completion of existing project--------------------------------$59, 000 S9. RAPPAHAN1OCK RIVER, VA., Location and deesription.--Rises in Virginia, in the Blue Ridge Mountains, and flows southeasterly about 212 miles to Chesapeake Bay, which it enters about o40 miles above Old Point Comfort. The lower 70 miles, generally deep, averagcs 11/2 miles in width, with the characteristics of a tidal estuary rather than of river. The section under improvement is entirely tidal. The drainage area is 2,70a square; miles,,and the discharge at Fredericksburg varies from 250 to 80,000 second-feet, Destructive freshets occasionally occur, usually in the spring, ometimes rea i~2 feet at Fredericksburg. (See 1U, S. Coast and Geodetic Survey harts Nos. 534, 535, 536.). ,Original condition---The T aer was obstructed by 20 bars between Tappahannock and Fredericksburg, with riling depths of from 4 to. 10 feet, and width of approximately 100 feet. Except for these bars; there was a depth of 12 feet available from Fredericksburg, the head of navigation for large steamers, to the mouth, a distance of 107 miles. Smaller vessels could go to Falmouth, 3 miles farther up. Previous projects. The first project was adopted by the river and harbor act of March 3, 1871, and ,was modified in 1879. The, cost expenditures under this project to 1905 were. $310,645.83, of eand which $197,145.83 was for new work and $113,500 for maintenance.. For further details see page 1793 of Annual Report fior 1915, E'isting oject.--This provides for securing a c4annel .L feet deep at mean 1low wa' er. and 200, fept wide between the mouth aShd POrt Royali and 12 'et deepeep and OO feet widebon~r n Por Royal RIVERs AND HARBORS-WASHINGTO bD. C. DISTRICT and Fredericksburg by dredging and the construction of 20,41 feet of crib and pile dikes and 1,906 feet of riprap stone dikes, the latter being also designed to retain the excavated material deposited behind them. The length of section included in the project is 107 miles. The plane of reference is mean low water. The tidal ranges are: Mean, 2.8 feet at Fredericksburg, 1.6 feet at Tappahannock; extreme, 8.5 feet at Fredericksburg, 2.5 feet at Tappahannock; irregular, 6 feet at Fredericksburg, 5 feet at Tappahannock. The esti te of cost for new work made in 1905 is $171,000, exclusive of amount expended on previous project. The latest (1926) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $22,000. The existing project was adopted by the river and harbor act of March 3, 1905 (Annual Report for 1906, pp. 1110-1113). The latest published map is in the Annual Report for 1910, page 1364. Recommended modifications of project.-None. I oal cooperation.-None. Terminal facilities.-In the section under improvement, extending from Fredericksburg, Va., to Tappahannock, Va., a distance of 65 miles, there are 43 wharves, of which 13 are solid bulkhead type and 30 are open pile structures. Fourteen are for private use only, and 29 are open to the public on equal terms. From Tappahannock to the mouth of the river, a distance of about 43 miles, the waterway is deep, requiring no improvement, and in this section there are about 15 open pile wharves, about half of which are for private use and half open to the public on equal terms. The existing terminals appear to be adequate. (For further details see H. Doc. No. 652, 66th Cone, 2d sess.) Operatons and results during fscal year.--The United States hydraulic pipe-line dredge Talcott, in period July 1 to 3, 1931, com pleted dredging operations commenced in last fiscal year, dredging 505 feet of channel through, two bars and depositing 3,673 cubic yards back of levees. The total cost of dredging was $5,816.83. A labor gang was engaged in July, 1931, in repairing levees at a cost of $272.01 Miscellaneous work was done for protection of the sand fills at a cost of $288.22. Snagging operations with hired labor gang were in progression June, 29 and 30, 1932, at a cost of $35.56. Surveys and investigations were made at a cost of $744.88. The total cost for the fiscal year was $7,157.50,' all applied to maintenance. The total expenditure was $21,414.05. Condition at end of fiscal year.-The existing project was com- pleted in 1910; 20,401 feet of timber dike and 1,906 feet of stone dike containing 3,625 cubic yards of riprap were built and main- tained; channels aggregating 11.6 miles were dredged and redredged, 2,059,792 cubic yards being excavated. The dikes at Fredericksburg and the channels are in fair condition; the controlling depth Jan- uary, 1932, was 10.9 feet at mean low water. The total cost under the existing project was $583,104.24, of which $217,487.20 was for new work and $365,617.04 was for maintenance. The total expenditures were $583,068.68. 446 REPORT OF CHIIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1932 Proposed operations.--The funds unexpended June 30, 1932, to- gether with an allotment of $33,000 to be made later, a total of $34,500, will be expended as follows: Accounts payable June 30, 1932 --------------------------------- $35. 56 Maintenance : Redredging channels by contract (April to June, 1933) ----------------------------------- $23, 000.00 Snagging channels with United States derrick boat (March, 1933) ----- ------------------------- 8,000. 00 Snagging and clearing banks with hired labor (July, 1932) -------------------------------------- 1, 464. 44 Protection of sand fills (July, 1932, to June, 1933)__ 2, 000. 00 34, 464. 44 Total --------------------------------------------- 34, 500. 00 It is expected that funds will be practically exhausted by June 30, 1933. The sum of $17,000 can be profitably expended during the fiscal year 1934, as follows: Maintenance: Redredging channels by contract (July to August, 1933) _..-- _ $15, 500 Protection of sand fills (July, 1933, to June, 1934) _---_---- _ 1, 500 Total ----------------------------------------------- 17, 000 Commercial statistics.-Commerce for the calendar year 1931 is reported as 229,032 short tons, valued at $6,457,875. The principal items in order of tonnage are as follows: Forest products, 68,472 tons; fish, oysters, and shells, 51,232 tons; sand and gravel, 47,887 tons; petroleum products, 15,183 tons; vegetable food products, 11,807 tons; and general merchandise, 9,743 tons. Forty-eight per cent of the commerce passed over the improved section. The increase in tonnage is due principally to increase in receipts of gravel. The decrease in value is due to the present economic condition and the increased use of automobile trucks for transporting the higher-priced tonnage. The range of draft for loaded vessels for the principal items and the proportion of the total tonnage pertaining thereto are approxi- mately as follows: Forest products, 4 to 14 feet, 30 per cent; fish, oysters, and shells, 3 to 10 feet, 22 per cent; sand and gravel, 6 to 12 feet, 21 per cent; petroleum products, 8 to 14 feet, 7 per cent; vege- table food products, 3 to 10 feet, 5 per cent; and general merchan- dise, 4 to 12 feet, 4 per cent. Comparative statement 2 Vessel traffic Additional traffic, car- goes in transit Calendar year Tons Value Passengers Tons Value 1927........ ... ....------------------------------- 341,423 $12,733,097 21,903 ............ 1928 - ------------------------------- 250, 227 10, 990, 309 16, 901 _ ------------ 1929.... ----------------- -------------- 248,585 12, 092, 976 10,792 - 1930-------- ------------------ 204, 462 11, 422, 676 10,390 -- 1931------....... --...-..- ..- - . 175, 618 4,187, 281 4, 352 - 53 414 $2, 270, 594 1Previous to 1931, cargoes in transit included. RIVERS AND HARBORS--WASHINGTON, D. C., DISTRICT 447 Cost and tnancial smmary Cost of new work to June 30, 1932_ ------------- $414, 633. 03 Cost of maintenance to June 30, 1932 ----- ,---------------- 479,117. 04 Total cost of permanent work to June 30, 1932-------- 893, 750. 07 Minus accounts payable June 30, 1932 ------- 35. 56 Net total expenditures------------- ------------- ---- 893, 714. 51 Unexpended balance June 30, 1932-__________------------ 1, 500. 00 Total amount appropriated to June 30, 1932____------ _ 895, 214. 51 Fiscal year ending June 30 1928 1929 1930 1931 1932 Cost of new work-----....-------------- -------------------------------------------- Cost of maintenance-__--- -------------- $18, 894. 32 $12, 448.02 $10, 090.27 $65, 353.25 $7, 157. 50 Total expended.---- ------------------- 16, 677. 19 16, 074. 61 9,903. 83 51,247. 658 21, 414. 05 Allotted..............................-----------------------------.2,602.04 25, 000. 00 38, 217.50 19,000.00 1,500.00 Balance unexpended July 1, 1391-------- ------------------- $21, 414.05 Amount allotted from War Department appropriation act approved Feb. 23, 1931------ ------------------------------------ 1, 500. 00 Amount to be accounted for____. ____ 22, 914. 05 Gross amount expended ----------------------------------- 21, 414. 05 Balance unexpended June 30, 1932- -- ---------- 1, 500. 00 Outstanding liabilities June 30, 1932---- -------- 35. 56 Balance available June 30, 1932---- --------- 1, 464. 44 Amount that can be profitably expended in fiscal year ending June 1- - - - -- - - - - - - -- - - - 30, 1934, for maintenance . .. __ 17, 000. 00 10. URBANNA CREEK, VA. The project was completed in 1914, at a saving of $31,188 under the estimated cost. The jetties were completed in 1913 and dredging in 1914. The expenditures during the year were $2,826.85 for pay- ment of outstanding liabilities incurred during the preceding year. No funds are available and no work is proposed during the fiscal years 1933 and 1934. For further details see Annual Report for 1931, page 506. Commercial statistics.-Commerce for the calendar year 1931 is reported as 13,789 short tons valued at $448,757. The principal items in order of tonnage are: Gravel, 4,000 tons; petroleum products, 3,197 tons; and forest products, 1,682 tons. All of the commerce passed over the improved section, of which 58 per cent required the increased depth. The decrease in tonnage and value is due prin- cipally to a general decrease in tonnage of all items except gravel, which is low-value tonnage. 1 Exclusive of available funds. 140960-ENG 1932- 29 448 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 19 3 2 The range of draft for loaded vessels for the principal items, and the proportion of the total tonnage pertaining thereto, is approxi- mately as follows: Gravel, 8 to 9 feet, 29 per cent; petroleum prod- ucts, 8 to 11 feet, 23 per cent; forest products, 6 to 10 feet, 12 per cent. Comparative statement Calendar Calendar Tons Value Passengers Calendar Cear Tons Value Passengers 1927 ..-------- 27,302 $1,576, 225 3, 331 1930........ 14, 427 $1, 392, 535 3,896 1928--------........ 22,870 1, 038, 000 3, 080 1931-....... 13, 789 448, 757 6, 375 1929------........ 17, 666 1, 456, 587 3, 997 Cost and financial summary Cost of new work to June 30, 1932 -------------------------- $38, 811.77 Cost of maintenance to June 30, 1932 __-- ___-____----_42, 930. 39 Total cost of permanent work to June 30, 1932---------- 81,742.16 Net total expenditures___------------------ 81, 742.16 Total amount appropriated to June 30, 1932-------------------- 81, 742. 16 Fiscal year ending June 30 1928 1929 1930 1931 1932 Cost of new work--------------------- ----------------- Cost of maintenance_---------------- - $180.39 $2,802.11 - ------------ $9, 525.69 --- $474.31 Total expended...--... ..-------------- -140.34 2,982.60 ---....-- 7, 173. 15 2,826. 85 Allotted------------..............----------------- 7, 859. 66 -3, 000.00 ............ 10, 000.00 ......-------- Balance unexpended July 1, 1931---_------------------------- $2, 826. 85 Gross amount expended- ------------------------- -2, 826. 85 11. CARTERS CREEK, VA. Location and description.-CartersCreek, Lancaster County, Va., is a tidal estuary on the left bank of the Rappahannock River, 10 miles above its mouth and 66 miles north of Norfolk, Va. Carters Creek is formed by the confluence of Eastern Branch, Carters Creek proper, and Carters Cove, immediately within the entrance, forming a large landlocked harbor. The branches of the creek are 3, 21/2, and 1 mile in length, respectively, with widths ranging from 1,000 to 500 feet except in the extreme upper sections. The drainage area is 81/2 square miles with a very small fluvial discharge for which no data are available. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Chart No. 534.) Origina2 condition.--The entrance was obstructed by a bar with a controlling depth of 10 feet. Within the creek the Eastern Branch was obstructed by the projection of Gallyhook Point into the chan- nel, which rendered navigation difficult. The Eastern Branch has a navigable depth of 11 feet for 1 mile upstream of the mouth, and Carters Creek for 0.6 mile. In Carters Cove there is a navigable depth of 81/2 feet for 0.4 mile upstream. Small craft can proceed upstream for three-quarters of a mile to the head of navigation in the two main branches with depths of 5 to 10 feet. Previous projects.-None. RIVERS AND HARBORS--WASHINGTON, D. C., DISTRICT 449 Existing project.-This provides for an entrance channel 15 feet deep, 200 feet wide, and approximately 2,200 feet long; a channel in Eastern Branch at Gallyhook Point 12 feet deep, 100 feet wide, and 1,100 feet long, and in Carters Cove a channel 12 feet deep, 100 feet wide, and 1,700 feet long, to the Humphreys Marine Railways (Inc.); and for a jetty on the downstream side of the entrance channel. The plane of reference is mean low water. The mean tidal range is 1.4 feet. The estimate of cost for new work, revised in 1930, is $40,450, including $4,000 to be contributed by local interests. The latest (1930) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance of the channel in Carters Cove is $1,000. There is no approved estimate of maintenance for the other portions of the project. The existing project was authorized by the following river and harbor acts: The act of June 13, 1902, provided for all features of the project except the channel in Carters Cove (H. Doc. No. 185, 56th Cong., 1st sess.); and the act of July 3, 1930, provided for the Carters Cove Channel (H. Doc. No. 518, 70th Cong., 2d sess.). The latest published map is in the last-mentioned document. Recommended modifictions of project.-None. Local cooperation.-The river and harbor act approved July 3, 1930, provides that local interests shall contribute $4,000 toward the cost of dredging the channel in Carters Cove. This condition has not been complied with. Terminal faiclities.-There are 11 wharves on the creek, all of timber construction. All of the wharves are privately owned and open to the public by special arrangement. The existing wharf facilities are considered adequate. Operations and results during fiscal year.-No work was done and there were no expenditures. Condition at end of fiscal year.-The entrance channel, Gallyhook Point channel in Eastern Branch, and jetty were completed in 1908. Work has not been commenced on the new channel in Carters Cove authorized by the river and harbor act of July 3, 1930. The project is 73 per cent completed. A total of 65,893 cubic yards of material was dredged from the channels and 1,507 cubic yards of stone was deposited in 742 linear feet of jetty. The channels completed are in good condition; the controlling depths at mean low water in Decem- ber, 1927, were 16.5 feet in the entrance channel, 14 feet in the Gallyhook channel, and 8.5 feet in Carters Cove. The total cost under the existing project was $29 588.48, of which $28,397.55 was for new work and$1,190.93 was for maintenance. The total expenditures were $29 588.48. Proposed operations.-No funds are available, and no work is pro- posed during the fiscal years 1933 and 1934 due to nonfulfillment of conditions of local cooperation. Commercial tatistics.-Commerce for the calendar year 1931 is reported as 31,913 short tons, valued at $1,693,608. The principal items in order of tonnage are as follows: Sea-food products, 24 885 tons; nonmetallic minerals, 3,294 tons; and general merchandise,. 1,041 tons. The increase in tonnage is due principally to increase in receipts and shipments of sea-food products. The decrease in value is due to increased use of automobile trucks. 450 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1932 The range of draft for the loaded vessels for the principal items and the proportion of total tonnage pertaining thereto are approxi- mnately as follows: Sea-food products 3 to 14 feet, 78 per cent; non- metallic minerals 4 to 12 feet, 9 per cent; and general merchandise 6 to 12 feet, 3 per cent. Comparative statement Calendar Tons Value Passengers Year Tons Value Passengers Year 1927....-------- 45, 755 $2, 549, 261 13, 234 1930-........ 31, 462 $2, 603, 956 7, 438 1928-....... 39, 432 2, 429, 551 7, 740 1931--------...... 31, 913 1, 693, 608 7,129 1929 ........ 32, 380 2, 680, 364 7, 604 Cost and financial summary Cost of new work to June 30, 1932_______--------------- $28, 397. 55 Cost of maintenance to June 30, 1932 111111111111 ___ 11, 190. 93 Total cost of permanent work to June 30, 1932__, 29, 588. 48 Net total expenditures_--_ ----_------------ _ ___ ___ 29, 588. 48 Total amount appropriated to June 30, 1932 ________-------_____ 29, 588. 48 Amount (estimated) required to be appropriated for completion of - - - -- - -- - - -- - -- - -- - -- - -- - 1- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - existing project 8, 050. 00 12. HORN HARBOR, VA. Location and description.-Thisharbor is in Mathews County, Va. It is a tidal stream entering Chesapeake Bay on its western shore, 3 miles north of New Point Comfort, about 43 miles north of Nor- folk, Va. The stream is about 4 miles long with a width of 1 mile at its mouth, and 200 to 300 feet in width in the upper sections. Its drainage area is 6.1 square miles, with a small fluvial discharge for which no data is available. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Chart No. 1222.) Original condition.-The entrance to the harbor is obstructed by a bar with a controlling depth of 31/2 feet. Inside the bar the har- bor has channel depths of 6 to 14 feet and widths of 100 to 500 feet for a distance of 2 miles, and small boats can proceed an additional mile upstream. Previous projects.-None. Existing project.-This provides for a channel 7 feet deep at mean low water 100 feet wide and 3,300 feet long across the entrance bar. The mean tidal range is 1.7 feet. The estimate of cost for new work made in 1927 is $12,000, of which amount local interests are to contribute $6,000. The latest (1930) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $1,000. The existing project was adopted by the river and harbor act of July 3, 1930. (H. Doc. No. 124, 70th Cong., 1st sess.) The latest published map is in the project document. Recommended modifcations of project.-None. Local cooperation.-The river and harbor act approved July 3, 1930, provides that local interests shall contribute $6,000 toward the 1In addition $4,000 to be contributed by local interests. RIVERS AND HARBORS-WASHINGTON, D. C., DISTRICT 451 cost of the work and shall furnish, without cost to the United States, satisfactory areas for the disposal of excavated material. These conditions have not been complied with. Terminal facilities.-A cannery and packing wharf is on the en- trance bar, and within the harbor there are 2 fuel-oil wharves, a marine railway, a lumber wharf, and 16 minor wharves and land- ings, all privately owned and open to the public by special arrange- ment. The existing facilities are considered adequate. Operations and results during fiscal year.-None. Condition at end of fiscal year.--Same as original condition as no work has been done. . Proposed operations.-No funds are available and no work is pro- posed during the fiscal years 1933 and 1934 due to nonfulfillment of conditions of local cooperation. Commercial statistics.-Commerce for the calendar year 1931 is reported as 4,537 short tons valued at $363,530, the principal items in order of tonnage being fish stakes, 1,990 tons; fish, fresh, 1,139 tons; and crabs, 675 tons. The project has not yet been improved. The decrease in tonnage and value is due principally to decrease in ship- ments and receipts of all items. The range of draft for loaded vessels for the principal items and the proportion of the total tonnage pertaining thereto is approxi- mately as follows: Fish stakes, 5 to 6 feet, 44 per cent; fish, fresh, 4 to 6 feet, 25 per cent; and crabs, 3 to 4 feet, 15 per cent. Comparative statement Calendar year Tons Value 1929 ------------------------------------------------------------- .......... .... ............ 5, 384 $674, 925 .. --------------------------------------------------------------- 1930.... _..... 5,115 649, 050 1981 --------------------------------------------------------------- 4, 537 363, 530 Cost and financial summary Cost of new work to June 30, 1932--------------------------- ------ Cost of maintenance to June 30, 1932-------------------------------- Net total expenditures--------------------------------------- Total amount appropriated to June 30, 1932--------------------------- Amount (estimated) required to be appropriated for completion of existing project --_- - - - - - - - - - - - - -- -- - -- - -- - -- - -- -- - -- - -- - - $6, 000 13. YORK RIVER, VA. Location and description.-This river is formed at West Point, Va., by the confluence of the Mattaponi and Pamunkey Rivers, and flows southeasterly about 41 miles into Chesapeake Bay, which it enters about 20 miles in a northerly direction from Norfolk, Va., and 20 miles in a northwesterly direction from the Atlantic Ocean at Cape Henry. The York River has the characteristics of a tidal estuary with an average width of 13/4 miles. The drainage area is 2,500 square miles. The low-water discharge is about 250 second-feet and high-water discharge is about 75,000 second-feet. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Charts Nos. 494 and 495.) 1 In addition $6,000 to be contributed by local interests. 452 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. 8. ARMY 1982 Original oondition.--There was an available depth of 24 feet for the entire river except for Poropotank Bar, 32 miles above the mouth, with a ruling depth of 181/2 feet, and West Point Bar, at the head of the York River, with a ruling depth of 151/2 feet. Previous pro eots.-None. Emiting project.--This provides for dredging a channel 22 feet deep at mean low Water and 400 feet wide through the bars and a basin of the same depth at the wharves at West P-oint, and the con- struction of a dike on the right bank at West Point to assist in main- taining the channel. The plane of reference is mean low water. The tidal ranges are: Mean 2.2 feet at mouth and 2.9 feet at West Point, and the extreme 3.9 feet at mouth and irregular 6 feet at West Point. The estimate of cost for new work, modified in 1887, is $308,800. The latest (1928) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $5,000. The existing project was adopted by the river and harbor act of June 14, 1880 (Annual Report for 1880, p. 897). It was modified in 1884 and 1887. The latest published map is in the Annual Report for 1894, page 964. Recommended modifications of project.-None. Local cooperation.--None. Terrnal facilities.-In general the improvement is to the main river channel, so that terminal facilities are only served directly at West Point, Va. In all there are 20 wharves on the York River, dis- tributed as follows: West Point (mouth of Pamunkey Allmonds----------------------1 River)--------------------- 2 Yorktown---------.... ---------- 10 Claybank ----------------------- 1 Gloucester Point....._---------------- 6 These wharves are of open-pile construction. All of the wharves, with the exception of two at Yorktown, are privately owned and are open to the public by special arrangement. The facilities are con- sidered adequate for the existing commerce. Operations and results during fiscal year.-Miscellaneous costs in connection with dredging by U. S. hydraulic pipe-line dredge Taloott during the preceding fiscal year were $118.58. The total cost for the fiscal year was $118.58, all applied to mainte- nance. The total expenditure was $555.09. Condition at end of fiscal year.-The project was about 75 per cent completed in 1899; the part not completed was the dredging of the channels to the full project width of 400 feet, which was not con- sidered necessary at that time, and subsequently the navigation on the York River has not justified completing the project. A pile and timber dike 10,142 feet in length was built at West Point, and chan- nels aggregating 2.5 miles were dredged and redredged, 1,471,704 cubic yards of material being excavated. The channels are in fair condition and considered adequate for the present navigation, with controlling depths as follows: Name Depth Width Date Feet Feet Poropotank Bar----------------------------------- 20.6 300 March, 1929. West Point Bar ..- ----------------------------- 21.5 200 February, 1929. Basin, West Point...0------------------------------ . 22.0 ..-. February, 1931. RIVERS AND HARBORS-WASHINGTON, D. C., DISTRICT 453 The dike at West Point is in poor condition. The total costs to June 30, 1932, were $334,511.86, of which $180,- 904.20 was for new work and $153,607.66 for maintenance. The expenditures were $334,511.86. Proposed operatione.--None. No funds are available. The sum of $22,000 can be profitably expended during the fiscal year 1934 in redredging the channel at West Point by contract during August and September, 1933. This amount exceeds the average amount expended for maintenance during the preceding five years, but is required to restore adequate depths for navigation resulting since the last redredging in the fiscal year 1931. The relative desirability of the improvement in the interests of commerce and navigation entails the postponement of further new work on the project. Commercial statistics.-Commerce for the calendar year 1931 is reported as 232,041 short tons, valued at $19,486,420, exclusive of 104,792 tons of general ferry traffic valued at $15,718,800. The prin- cipal items in order of tonnage are petroleum products, 56,026 tons; forest products, 51,110 tons; general merchandise, 47,280 tons; vege- table food products, 29,507 tons; and fish and oysters, 15,890 tons. Thirty-six per cent of the commerce passed over the improved sec- tion. The decrease in tonnage and value is due principally to the decrease in receipts of fuel oil. In addition, increased use of auto- mobile trucks has caused a decrease in both tonnage and value. The range for loaded vessels for the principal items and the pro- portion of the total tonnage pertaining thereto are approximately as follows: Petroleum products, 10 to 18 feet, 24 per cent; forest products, 4 to 14 feet, 22 per cent; general merchandise, 6 to 16 feet 20 per cent; vegetable food products, 4 to 16 feet, 13 per cent; and fish and oysters, 2 to 16 feet, 7 per cent. Comparative statement Vessel traffic Additional traffic Calendar year General ferry Cargoes in transit Tons Value Passen- gers Tons Value Tons Value 1927.------------------- 311,923 $27,238,136 54,122 ..---.-- ---.-......----... .. . . 1928------------------- 291,449 29,214,031 34,912. -----............ .......... ........... 1929.. ------------------- 119,638 8,070, 83 36,220- .. ... . 166,228 $22, 465,557 1930-------------------...................... 191, 762 8,788, 553 34,310 21,45 $3, 218, 250 148,060 23,174, 019 Cost and filnanoial summary Cost of new work to June 30, 1932--- ----------------------- $180, 904.20 Cost of maintenance to June 30, 1932------------------------153,607.66 Total cost of permanent work to June 30, 1932------- 334, 511. 86 Net total expenditures-- ------------------------------- 334, 511.86 Total amount appropriated to June 30, 1932------...---------- 334,511. 86 454 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1932 Fiscal year ending June 30 192: 1929 1930 1931 1932 Cost ,of new work--- --- -- -- -------- -------. -- Cost of maintenance--------------------- $3,670.09 $1, 550.76 $13.50 $24,250.09 $118.58 Total expended......--- ...------....------------ -- 4, 965. 45 2, 327.26 13.50 23, 813. 58 555.09 Allotted----- ....-------------------...... -7009. 51 ---------- 29, 301. 21 ------------- 5, 431.33 Balance unexpended July 1, 1931 ---------------------------- $5, 986. 42 Deductions on account of revocation of allotment--------------- 5, 431. 33 Net amount to be accounted for------------------------ --------- 555. 09 Gross amount expended---------------------------$2, 085. 55 Less reimbursements collected _----- 530. 46 1,1----- 555. 09 Amount (estimated) required to be appropriated for completion of existing project-----------------------128, 000. 00 Amount that can be profitably expended in fiscal year ending June 0, 1934, for maintenance--------------------------------- 22, 000. 00 14. MATTAPONI RIVER, VA. Location and description.-Rises in Virginia and flows in a south- easterly direction for about 120 miles to its junction with the Pa- munkey River at West Point, Va., forming the York River, and averages about one-fourth of a, mile between banks. Above Dun- kirk, for 79 miles, the river is nontidal, having a moderate current; below that paint, 41 miles, it is tidal. The drainage area is 800 square miles. The discharge varies from 50 to 20,000 second-feet. Freshets usually occur in the spring. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Chart No. 504.) Original condition.-There was an available depth of 10 feet as far as Walkerton, 28 miles. Between Walkerton and Aylett, 10 miles, there were seven bars with ruling depths of 2.4 to 3.8 feet. The width of the channel then in use was about 100 feet. The river was obstructed by wrecks, logs, snags, and overhanging trees. From Aylett to Guinea Bridge, 63 miles, the stream was narrow, with a slope of 2 to 3 feet per mile, and its only commercial use was for logging. Tidal action extends ordinarily as far as Dunkirk, 41 miles from the mouth. The head of navigation was Aylett. The length of the navigable portion was 38 miles. Previous projects.-The previous project was adopted by the river and harbor act of June 14, 1880 (Annual Report for 1875, vol. 2, p. 166), and modified by river and harbor act of July 13, 1892. The cost and expenditures under this project were $111,689.71, of which $51,249.48 was for new work and $60,440.23 for maintenance. For further details see page 531 of Annual Report for 1918. Existing project. This provides for securing a channel 51/2 feet deep and 75 feet wide to Pointers, and the removal of snags, logs, and overhanging trees obstructing navigation to Dunkirk. The length of the section in which snagging alone is provided, extending from Pointers, 5 miles above Walkerton, Va., to Dunkirk, Va., is 8 miles. The distances from the mouth of the river to Walkerton, Pointers, and Dunkirk are 28, 33, and 41 miles, respectively. The plane of reference is mean low water. The tidal ranges are: Mean, 3.9 feet at Walkerton, 2.9 feet at West Point; extreme, 4.5 feet at RIVERS AND HARBORS-WASHINGTON, D. C., DISTRICT 455 Walkerton, 3.9 feet at West Point; irregular 7 feet at Walkerton, 6 feet at West Point. The estimate of cost for new work made in 1915 was $7,000, but the project was completed without cost through maintenance operations under the previous project. The latest (1926) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $3,500. The existing project was adopted by the river and harbor act of March 2, 1919 (H. Doe. No. 861, 64th Cong., 1st sess.). The latest published map will be found in the Annual Report for 1910, page 1356. Recommended modifications of project.--None. Local cooperation.--None. Terminal facilities.-Pointers Wharf, an open-pile structure, is the principal terminal in the portion of the waterway covered by the dredging project. This wharf is closed to public use. In the portion of the waterway covered by the dredging project there are two shore landings, one of which is open to the public on equal terms. In the portion of the waterway above the dredging project, where only snagging operations are done, one wharf, an open-pile struc- ture, and six shore landings exist. All are open to the public on equal terms. In the deep portion of the waterway below Walkerton, where improvement is unnecessary, there are about 12 wharves of open-pile construction and about 13 shore landings. It is believed that another wharf owned, controlled, or open to the general public should be constructed near Pointers; otherwise the terminal facili- ties are considered adequate. (For further details see H. Doc. No. 652, 66th Cong., 2d sess.) Operations and results during flseal year.-Miscellaneous costs in connection with dredging by U. S. hydraulic pipe-line dredge Talcott during the preceding fiscal year were $595. The total cost for the fiscal year was $595, all applied to mainte- nance. The total expenditure was $595. Condition at end of fiscal year.-The existing project was com- pleted in 1919. Channels aggregating 2.3 miles were dredged and redredged, 88,183 cubic yards of material being excavated. The channels are in good condition. The controlling depth in January, 1931, was 6.5 feet at mean low water. The total cost under the existing project was $41,357.45, and was applied to maintenance. No expenditure for new work was made for the existing project, as channels of project dimensions had been secured by the operating requirements of hydraulic dredges under the previous project. The total expenditures were $41,357.45. Proposed operations.-The funds unexpended June 30, 1932, $300, together with an allotment of $4,500 to be made later, a total of $4,800, will be applied as folldws: Maintenance: Snagging and clearing banks with hired labor (August, 1932)-... $300 Snagging channels with United States derrick boat (April, 1933)__ 4, 500 Total---- -------------------------------------------- 4,800 It is expected that the funds will be practically exhausted by June 30, 1933. The sum of $10,000 can be profitably expended during the fiscal year 1934 in redredging channels by contract during October, 1933. This amount exceeds the average amount expended for maintenance 456 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1932 during the preceding five years, but is required to restore project dimensions on bars which have not been dredged for three .to nine years. Commercial 8tati8tic,.-Commerce for the calendar year 1931 is reported as 51,771 short tons valued at $735,076. The principal items in order of tonnage are forest products, 34,228 tons; oysters and shells, 7,095 tons; and petroleum products, 6,661 tons. All of the commerce passed over the improved section, of which 64 per cent required 5.8 feet depth and 30 per cent required depths up to 12 feet. The decrease in tonnage and value is due principally to the decrease in receipts of vegetable food products. In addition the present economic condition and the increased use of automobile trucks have caused a decrease in both tonnage; and value. The range in draft for loaded vessels for the principal items and the proportion of the total tonnage pertaining thereto are approxi- mately as follows: Forest products, 5 to 10 feet, 66 per cent; oysters and shells, 4 to 8 feet, 14 per cent; and petroleum products, 8 to 11 feet, 13 per cent. Comparative statement Calendar Tons Value Passengers Calendar Tons Value Passengers year year 103, i38 1927-........ $1, 387, 3T4 -240 1930_ ---. 53,600 $820, 872 .......... 142, 42 1928--------....... 1,962,080 .............------- 1931----- .... 51, 771 735, 076 ------------ 1929_____........_ 91,497 1,200,357-......... Cost and financial s~mmary Cost of new work to June 30, 1932_ $51, 249. 48 Cost of maintenance to June 30, 1932__.. --- _--------_-- 101, 797. 68 Total cost of permanent work to June 30, 1932-______-.----- 153, 047. 16 Net total expenditures .------------------------------------ 153, 047. 16 Unexpended balance June 30, 1932------------------------------- 300. 00 Total amount appropriated to June 30, 1932----15----------- 153,347.16 Fiscal year ending June 30 1928 1929 1930 1931 1932 Cost of new work-------------------------------- Cost of maintenance----_--------- -- $2, 000.53 $3,144.08 $5, 074.37 $8, 910.27 $595.00 Total expended............ -.. -........... 864. 30 3,199. 41 4, 893.49 9,091. 15 595. 00 Allotted-............................ -2, 604. 66 00 4, 0000. 9, 860.18 ---------- -648. 07 Balance unexpended July 1, 1931__--- ------------------ $1,543.07 Amount allotted from War Department appropriation act approved Feb. 23, 1931--------------------------------------------- 300.00 Amount to be accounted for -- 843. 07 -1, 1----------------- Deductions on account of revocation of allotment ------------------ 948. 07 Net amount to be accounted for- __.----------- 895. 00 Gross amount expended .....-------------------------------------- 595.00 Balance unexpended June 30, 1932-...-.-.. ----------- 300. 00 Amount that can be profitably expended in fiscal year ending June 30, 1934, for maintenance ' - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 10,000.00 SExclusive of available funds. RIVERS AND HARBORS--WASHINGTON, D. C., DISTRICT 457 15. PAMUNKEY RIVER, VA. Loc aion and des8cption.-Rises in Virginia, flows in a south- easterly direction for 130 miles to its junction with the Mattaponi River at West Point, Va., forming the York River. The upper 74 miles are nontidal and have a moderate current. The average width between banks is one-fourth of a mile. Its drainage area is 1,406 square miles and its discharge varies from 150 to 40,000 second-feet. Freshets rise 22 feet at Hanovertown, 61 miles above the mouth, and usually occur in the spring. The lower 50 miles, which include the entire section under improvement, are tidal. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Chart No. 504.) Orig~nal conition.-.-A draft of 7 feet could be carried to Buck- land Bar. Between this bar and Bassett Ferry there were five bars, with ruling depths varying from 2 to 51/2 feet. The width of the channel was about 100 feet. There were additional bars in the 11 miles between Bassett Ferry and Hanovertown, the original upper limit of the improvement, and the river was also obstructed by wrecks, logs, snags, and overhanging trees. The head of navigation for all craft was Newcastle Ferry, 53 miles above the mouth. Previous projects.-None. Existing project.-This provides for securing a channel 7 feet deep at mean low water and 100 feet wide between Bassett Ferry and the mouth of the river, a distance of 50 miles. The plane of reference is mean low water. The tidal ranges are: Mean, 2.9 feet at West Point, 4 feet at Newcastle Ferry; extreme, 3.5 feet at West Point, 5 feet at Newcastle Ferry; irregular, 6 feet at West Point, 7.5 feet at Newcastle Ferry, The estimate of cost for new work made in 1875 was $17,508. The estimated cost was modified in 1908 to $55,000 to cover increased depth and width of channel below Bassett Ferry. The latest (1926) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $4,000. The existing project was adopted by the river and harbor act of June 14, 1880. (Annual Report for 1875, Pt. II, p. 162.) The project was modified in 1885 and 1908, partly by increasing the depth and width of channel below Bassett Ferry and partly by omitting the portion of the river above Bassett Ferry. The latest published map is in the Annual Report for 1890, page 1074. Recommended modifications of project.-None. Local cooperation.-None. Terminal facilities.-There are no wharves existing in the im- proved section. Six shore landings are located along the banks where deep water is available. These landing places are open to the public on equal terms, and as terminal points they are considered of insignificant importance; however, they appear to be adequate for the requirements of present and prospective commerce. In the deep portion of the waterway below the section under improvement there exist 20 wharves or landings, of which about half are open to the public on equal terms. (For further details see H. Doc. No. 652, 66th Cong., 2d sess.) Operations and results during fiscal year.-Miscellaneous costs in connection with dredging by U. S. hydraulic pipe-line dredge Talcott during the preceding fiscal year were $742.45. 458 -REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1932 The total cost for the fiscal year was $742.45, all applied to main- tenance. The total expenditure was $742.45. Condition at end of fiscal year.--The existing project was com- pleted in 1913, at a saving of about $15,000 under the estimated cost. Channels aggregating 1.6 miles were dredged and redredged, 216,495 cubic yards being excavated. Longitudinal sheet-pile dikes, aggre- gating 1,478 linear feet, and permeable spur dikes, aggregating 2,332 linear feet, have been built. The dikes are in good condition. The controlling depth in December, 1930, was 7.5 feet at mean low water, except at the extreme upper end of the project. The total cost was $117,898.20, of which $31,376.44 was for new work, and $86,521.76 for maintenance. The total expenditures were $117,898.20. Proposed operations.-The funds unexpended June 30, 1932, $1,400, together with an allotment of $6,500 to be made later, a total of $7,900, will be applied as follows: Maintenance: Snagging and clearing banks with hired labor (August-September, 1932) ------------------- $----------- 1,400 Snagging channels with United States derrick boat (May-June, 1932)----- ------- ------- ----- ----------- 6,500 Total------------------------------ 7,900 It is expected that the funds will be practically exhausted by June 30, 1933. The sum of $10,000 can be profitably expended during the fiscal year 1934 in redredging channels by contract during November, 1933. 'Thisamount exceeds the average amount expended for maintenance during the preceding five years, but is required to restore project dimensions on bars which have not been dredged for 4 to 13 years. Commercial statistics.-Commerce for the calendar year 1931 is reported as 102,450 short tons, valued at $886,102. The principal items in order of tonnage are forest products, 100,796 tons; merchan- dise, general, 608 tons; and vegetable food products, 474 tons. Of the total commerce 85 per cent passed over the improved section, and of this 90 per cent required the increased depth. The decrease in tonnage and value is due to the decrease in: shipments and receipts of practically all items with the exception of forest products. In addition, the present economic condition and the increased use of automobile trucks have caused a decrease in both tonnage and value. The range of draft for loaded vessels for the principal items and the proportion of the total tonnage pertaining thereto are approxi- mately as follows: Forest products 5 to 8 feet, 98 per cent; merchan- dise, general, and vegetable food products 5 to 8 feet, 1 per cent. Comparative statement Calendar Tons alue Passengers alendar Tons Value Passengers year year 1927_........ 191,609 $1,248,119------------ 1930...-------- 119,760 $22,859,178 30,095 1928 236, 837 -______ 2,281,040 --------- 19311______ _. 102, 450 886, 102 1929..-------..... 168, 616 24, 021, 236 31, 698 1 Exclusive of traffic of Chesapeake Steamship Co. (York River Line) to and from Pamunkey River side of West Point, Va., water front, which is included in York River, Va., for which separate report is submitted. RIVERS AND HARBORS-WASHINGTON, D. C., DISTRICT 459 Cost and financial summary Cost of new work to June 30, 1932- -----------. $31, 376. 44 Cost of maintenance to June 30, 1932-___---,- --- -_____--- 86, 521. 76 Total cost of permanent work to June 30, 1932 898. 20 11-----------117, Net total expenditures__-...-...............---- 117, 898. 20 Unexpended balance June 30, 1932 - __---------_ _- ___ 1,400. 00 Total amount appropriated to June 30, 1932-------------- 119,298. 20 Fiscal year ending June 30 1928 1929 1930 1931 1932 Cost of new work..---- Cost of maintenance.--------------------- $244.39 $9, 898.93 $1,215. 60 $9, 157. 82 $742. 45 Total expended..-------- ----------------- 465. 87 6, 698. 60 4,417. 81 9, 212.80 742. 45 Allotted------ ---------------------- -2,861.85 8,000.00 11,998.39 ------------- 2, 300. 31 Balance unexpended July 1, 1931__----- ------------ $4, 442. 76 Amount allotted from War Department appropriation act approved May 28, 1930 --------------------------- $1,000. 00 Amount allotted from War Department appropriation act approved Feb. 23, 1931-----------------------------400.00 1, 400. 00 Amount to be accounted for.---------------------- ------ 5,842.76 Deductions on account of revocation of allotment --------------- 3, 700. 31 Net amount to be accounted for------------------------ 2, 142. 45 Gross amount expended------------------------- ------------- 742. 45 Balance unexpended June 30, 1932-----------------------, 400. 00 Amount that can be profitably expended in fiscal year ending June 30, - - - - - - - -- - - - - - - - - - - 1934, for maintenance - - - - - - - -- - - - - - 10, 000. 00 16. EXAMINATIONS, SURVEYS, AND CONTINGENCIES (GENERAL) Operations under this heading comprise the making of preliminary examinations and surveys for navigation, called for by river and har- bor acts and by resolutions of the committees of Congress (not in- cluding those investigations provided for in H. Doc. No. 308, 69th Con g, 1st sess., or by sec. 10 of the flood control act of May 156 1928; collection of commercial statistics; miscellaneous surveys, in- spectioxs and estimates; permit and bridge inspections; harbor line studi s; Ash net inspections; administration charges incurred in con- nectibon with inactive' river and.: hairbor rojects and minor routine n vigat i o ipvestiatioi. :The cost '^ of Wor during the year amounted to $30,27 .04; the expenditures were $30,824.36. The bal- ance unexpended June 30, 1932, together with allotment made during July, 1932, will be applied.as needed during the fiscal year 1933 to payment of expenses incurre in conniection with the above items The additional sum of $42,000 can be profitably expended during the fiscal yar ending June 30, 1934. 1 Exclusive of available funds. 460 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. 8. ARMY, 1932 Cost and ftnancial summary Cost of maintenance to June 30, 1932--------------------------$170, 120. 34 Minus accounts payable June 30, 1932---.....---------------------- 864.82 Net total expenditures------------------------------- 169, 255. 52 Unexpended balance June 30, 1932---------------------------- 7, 234. 48 Total amount appropriated to June 30, 1932---------------176, 490.00 Fiscal year ending June 30 1928 1929 1930 1931 1932 Cost of new work-............ .. ..-.. ..---- ..-------- Cost of maintenance.......................---............ $38,309. 98 $54, 900. 73 $46, 636. 59 $30, 273.04 Total expended......-------------------------------- 32, 744. 42 53, 945. 68 51, 741.06 30, 824.36 Allotted.---------.--.-.----------------.. $6, 000.00 70, 290.00 48, 700.00 46,000.00 5,500.00 Balance unexpended July 1, 1931----------------------.- ------ $32, 558. 84 Amount allotted from War Department appropriation act approved Mar. 23, 1928--...--.....--------------------- $2, 299.24 Amount allotted from War Department appropriation act approved May 28, 1930 ---------------------------- -200. 76 Amount allotted from War Department appropriation act approved Feb. 28, 1929..----------------------- -3,000.00 5, 500.00 Amount to be accounted for-------------------- ------- 38, 058. 84 Gross amount expended...---.--- --------------- ---- 30,824.88 Balance unexpended June 30, 1932------------------------7, 234. 48 Outstanding liabilities June 30, 1932---------------------- ------ 864. 82 Balance available June 30, 1932.------------------------- 6,369. 66 Amount allotted from War Department appropriation act approved July 14, 1932----------------------------------- 80, 000.00 Balance available for fiscal year 1933..------....---------........------ 86, 869.66 Amount that can be profitably expended- - in fiscal ending June 30, 1934, for maintenance year - - - -- - - - - - - - - - - -- - - 42,000. 00 EXAMINATIONS AND SURVEYS MADE IN COMPLIANCE WITH THE RIVER AND HARBOR ACT APPROVED JULY 8, 1930 Reports dated December 15, 1930, and August 31, 1931, by the dis- trict engineer, and January 3, 1931, and September 25, 1931, by the division engineer, with illustrations, on preliminary examination and survey of Totukey Creek, Va., required by the river and harbor act approved July 3, 1930, were received. They- were reviewed by the Board of Engineers for Rivers and Harbors, pursuant to law, and were transmitted to Congress and printed in House Document No. 183, Seventy-second Congress, first session. A plan of improvement is presented which provides for a channel 8 feet deep, 150 feet wide through the bar at the mouth, and 80 feet wide thence to 'totuskey Biidge, at an estimated cost of $36,000, with $2,000 annually for maintenance, subject to certain conditions of local cooperation. Reports on preliminary examinations required by the river and harbor act approved July 3, 1930, of the following localities within 1 Exclusive of available funds. RIVERS AND HARBORS-WASHINGTON, D. 0., DISTRICT 461 this district were duly submitted by the district and division engi- neers. They were reviewed by the Board of Engineers for Rivers and Harbors, pursuant to law, and were transmitted to Congress but have not yet been printed: 1. Preliminary examination of Neales Creek, Charles County, Md.-Reports by the district and division engineers were. trans- mitted to Congress December 10, 1931. The improvement of this locality by the United States is not deemed advisable at the present 2. time. Preliminary examination of Windmill Point Creek, Lancaster County, Va.-Reports by the district and division engineers were transmitted to Congress January 12, 1932. The improvement of this locality by the United States is not deemed advisable at the present time. 3. Preliminary examination of Mosquito Creek, Lancaster County, Va.-Reports by the district and division engineers were transmitted to Congress January 12, 1932. The improvement of this locality by the United States is not deemed advisable at the present time. 4. Preliminaryexamination of Urbanna Creek, Middlesex County, Va.-Reports by the district and division engineers were transmitted to Congress December 14, 1931. The improvement of this locality, other than as authorized by the existing project, is not deemed advisable at the present time. 5. Preliminaryexamination of Dickersons Bay, Gloucester County, Va.-Reports by the district and division engineers were transmitted to Congress December 7, 1931. The improvement of this locality by the United States is not deemed advisable at the present time. REPORT MADE IN COMPLIANCE WITH RESOLUTIONS OF THE COMMITTEE ON RIVERS AND HARBORS, HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES By resolution dated March 23, 1932, a review of reports on prelim- inary examination of Nomini Bay and Creek, Va., authorized by the river and harbor act approved January 21, 1927, and transmitted to Congress December 4, 1928, was requested. Report thereon was transmitted to the committee on May 26, 1932, and printed in Rivers 'and Harbors Committee Document No. 30, Seventy-second Congress first session. Recommendation is made for further improvement of Nomini Bay and Creek so as to provide,.for a channel 9 feet deep and 100 feet wide to Deep Point Wharf, with turning basins about 300 feet square at Deep Point Wharf and McGuires Wharf, at an esti- mated cost of $9,500, with maintenance estimated at the rate of $900 annually, in addition to that now required, subject to certain con- ditions of local cooperation. Repbrts indicated below, called for by resolutions of the Committee on Rivers and Harbors, House' of Representatives, will be submitted as soon as practicable: 1. Review of reports on Anacostia River, D. C., printed in House Document No. 87, Fifty-flfth Congress, third session.-Reports dated April 15, 1932, and April 28, 1932, by the district and division engi- neers, are receiving consideration by the Board of Engineers for Rivers and Harbors. £. Review of prior reports on the Po~tomao River, north side of Washington Ckannel, D. C.-The district and division engineers have been requested to submit reports. 4 fBEPORT OF CRIEF. 0~ENGINEERS U S. ARMY, 19 3 2 IMPROVEMENT OF RIVERS AND HARBORS IN THE NORFOLK, VA., DISTRICT This district includes the watersheds tributary to Chesapeake Bay, from and including Poquoson River, Va., on the west shore, south- erly and easterly to the Atlantic Ocean at Cape Henry, Va., the watersheds tributary to the Atlantic Ocean from Cape Henry, Va., to and including Oregon Inlet, N. C.; and also that portion of the intracoastal waterway between Norfolk, Va., and Beaufort Inlet, N. C., north of the New Holland, Higginsport & Mount Vernon Railroad crossing in Hyde County, N. C. District engineer: Maj. G. R. Young, Corps of Engineers. Divi- sion engineer: Col. Harley B. Ferguson, Corps of Engineers, to June 19, 1932, and Col. T. H. Jackson, Corps of Engineers, since that date. IMPROVEMENTS Page Page 1. Norfolk Harbor, Va ------ 462 11. Operating and care of the 2. Thimble Shoal Channel, Va 3. Channel to Newport News, ' 470 inland waterway from Norfolk, Va., to Beaufort Va-------------------- 472 Inlet, N. C-------------- 504 4. James River, Va---------- 475 12. Blackwater River, Va----- 506 5. Willoughby Channel, Va- 481 13. Knobbs Creek, N. C------- 508 6. Appomattox River, Va-____ 483 14. Meherrin River, N. C_---- 510 7. Pagan River, Va-- ___ 486 15. Edenton Harbor, N. C----- 512 8. Nansemond River, Va ----.- 489 16. Cashie River, N. C-------- 515 9. Waterway fr o m Norfolk, 17. Roapoke River, N. C______ 517 Va., to the sounds of 18. Scuppernong River, N. C--- 520 North Carolina--....--------- 492 19. Marneo (Shallowbag) Bay, 10. Inland waterway from Nor- N. C -- ------------ 522 folk, Va., to Beaufort In- 20. Mackay Creek, N. C.------- 524 let, N. C_- _________ - ' 495 21. Examinations, surveys, and contingencies (general) 526 NORFOLK HARBOR AN GCRANNELS, VA. This improvement is divided into three subheads: (1) Norfolk Harbor, (2) Thimble Shoal Channel: in the southerni end of Chesa- peake Bay, and (3) the channel.: leading to Newport News from Hampton Roads. 1. NORFOLK HARBOR, VA.' Location. atd dheoiptionv.-Norfolk, Va., is 187 miles south of Bal- ithbore, Md., and 30 miles from: the' entrance to Chesapeake Bay at: Cape Charles and Cape Henry. The harbor extends between the 40-foot contour in Hampton Roads and the Norfolk & Western Rail- way bridge over the Southern Branch of Elizabeth River, a distance of 15.56 miles. It consists of a portion of Hampton Roads, Eliza- beth River (a tidal estuary), and portions of the Western, Eastern, and Southern Branches of Elizabeth River and Scotts Creek. Within the limits of their improvement the streams included in the Norfolk Harbor project vary in width from about 300 feet (Scotts' Creek) to about 2 miles (Elizabeth River). (See U: S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Charts Nos. 400 and 452.) Original condition.-Conimerce was hampered by bars opposite Sewall Point, at the mouth of the Western Branch, and in the mouth RIVERS AND HARBORS-NORFOLK, VA., DISTRICT 463 of the Eastern Branch, having minimum mean low-water: depths of 21, 19, and 15 feet, respectively. The Western, Eastern, and South- ern Branches had minimum low-water depths, in the limits of the present project, of 12, 15, and 12 feet, respectively. The minimum width of the main channel between 18-foot contours was 450 feet; other channels were of varying widths. Previous projects.-The original project for Norfolk Harbor was adopted by the river and harbor act of August 14, 1876, and modi- fied by the river and harbor act of July 5, 1884; project of June 30, 1885; river and harbor act of September 19, 1890; deficiency appro- priation act of July 7, 1898; and river and harbor acts of June 13, 1902, March 3, 1905, and March 2, 1907. There have been no pre- vious projects for the Eastern and Southern Branches, or Scotts Creek. The original project for the western branch was adopted by the river and harbor act of June 3, 1896. The cost and expendi- ture on the original and modified projects prior to commencement of operations under the existing project was $2,633,743.54, of which $2,561,704.27 was for new work and $72,039.27 was for maintenance. For further details see page 1795 of Annual Report for 1915. Existing project.-This provides for a main channel 40 feet deep at mean low water, 750 feet wide from Hampton Roads to the mouth of the Southern Branch of Elizabeth River, and 450 feet wide up this branch to the Belt Line Railroad bridge, a total distance of 11.88 miles, and dredged areas in front of the navy yard, on either side of the 40-foot channel, immediately downstream from the Belt Line Railroad bridge, 35 feet deep for a width varying from 600 feet to 800 feet; thence 30 feet deep, 375 feet wide, and 1.05 miles long to the Virginian Railway bridge; and thence 25 feet deep, and gener- ally 200 feet wide, and 2.63 miles long to the Norfolk & Western Railway bridge, making a total distance of 15.56 miles; a channel in the Eastern Branch, 25 feet deep at mean low water, 500 feet wide, and 1.09 miles long, from the 40-foot channel at the mouth to the Norfolk & Western Railway bridge, including within its limits, for a distance of about 1,000 feet above the mouth, a channel 30 feet . deep and 300 feet wide to a point opposite the terminal of the Imperial Tobacco Co. in Berkley; thence 25 feet deep, 200 feet wide, and 1.75 miles long to the Virginian Railway bridge; a channel in the Western Branch, between the 40-foot channel at the -mouth and a point about 3,000 feet above the West Norfolk Highway Bridge, a distance of about 1.72 miles, 24 feet deep at mean low water, -800 feet wide, 0.78 mile, and 200 feet wide, 0.37 mile to the bridge; thence 18 feet deep, 150 feet wide, 0.57 mile; a channel in Scotts Creek between the 40+foot channel at the mouth and a point 100 feet Abote the Atlantic Coast Line Railroad bridge (about 0o.1 mile upstreatah, 12 feet deep at mean low water and 100 feet wide-; and an ancihorge area 6n the west side of the 40-foot channel opposite Lambert Point and south of Craney Island of about 66 acres, 80 feet' deep at nean low water, and another of 45 acres, 12 feet deep, near Pinner Point. The mean tidal range is 2.7 feet and the extreme 3 feet.- The extremes of irregular fluctuations, due to combined effect b6 tidesanrid wind, referred to mean low water, are :-2 feet and +7 feet. 140960--ENG 1932 30 464 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1932 The estimate of cost for new work, revised in 1929, exclusive of amounts expended on previous projects, is $6,457,700. The latest (1928) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $76,500. The existing project was authorized by the following river and harbor acts: The act of July 5, 1884, provided for the improvement of the Eastern Branch (Annual Report for 1885, p. 1015); the act of March 2, 1907, provided for a 30-foot channel to the navy yard, a 22-foot and a 25-foot channel in the Eastern Branch, and the removal of shoals at the mouth of the Eastern Branch (H. Docs. Nos. 373 and 381, 59th Cong., 1st sess.); the act of June 25, 1910, provided for a 35-foot channel to the navy yard, 22-foot and 25-foot channels in the Southern Branch, and a 30-foot anchorage area at Lambert Point (H. Doc. No. 551, 61st Cong., 2d sess.)_; the act of ;the March 4, 1913, provided for a 24-foot channel in the Western Branch from mouth to the West Norfolk Highway Bridge (H. Doc. No. 566, 62d Cong., 2d sess.); the act of August 8, 1917, provided for a 40-foot channel to the navy yard, a 35-foot anchorage opposite Lambert Point, and a 12-foot anchorage near Pinner Point (H. Doc. No. 605, 63d Cong., 2d sess., and H. Doc. No. 140, 65th Cong., 1st sess.) ; the act of March 3, 1925, provided for a 30-foot depth in the Southern Branch to the Virginian Railway bridge and a 25-foot depth to the Norfolk & Western Railway bridge, and a 25-foot depth in the Eastern Branch from the Norfolk & Western Railway bridge to the Virginian Railway bridge (H. Doc.. No. 226, 68th Cong., 1st sess.); and the act of July 3, 1930, provided for a 30-foot depth in the Eastern Branch opposite the terminal of the Imperial Tobacco Co. (H. Doc. No. 37, 71st Cong., 1st sess.), an 18-foot channel in the Western Branch above the West Norfolk Highway Bridge (H. Doe. No. 265, 70th Cong., 1st sess.), a 12-foot: channel in Scotts Creek (H. Doc. No. 189, :70th Cong., 1st sess.), and a 30-foot anchorage on the west side of the 40-foot channel opposite Lambert Point and elimination of the 35-foot anchorage area (H. Doe. No. 143, 70th Cong., 1st sess.). For latest published maps see House Document No. 605, Sixty-third Congress, second session; House. Document No. 226, Sixty-eihth Congress, first session; and House Documents Nos. 143, 189, and 265, Seventieth Congress, first session. Recommended rmodif oations of project--None. Local cooperationm.---The river and harbor act of March 3, 1925, in -adopting the project for increased depths in the Southern and Eastern Branches, imposed the condition that local interests: should furnish, without cost to the United States, suitable areas for the dis- posal of dredged material. This condition has been complied with. The river and harbor act of July 3, 1930, in adopting the project for a channel in the Eastern Branch, 30 feet deep and 300 feet wide, extending from the 40-foot channel to a point opposite the terminal of the Imperial Tobacco Co., imposed the condition that local inter- ests should give assurances satisfactory to the Secretary of War and the Chief of Engineers that they will provide and maintain, without c9st to the United States, a branch channel of equal depth to the !tobacco termin4.i. This condition has note yet been complied with. The river ana: harbor act of July 3, 1930, in adopting the project for Scotts Creek, imposed the condition that local interests should give assurances satisfactory to the Secretary of War and the Chief RIVERS AND HARBORS--N ORFOLK, VA., DISTRICT 465 of Engineers that they would dredge and maintain to an equal depth a channel 100 feet wide from the end of the Government channel to the Ballard Wharf, and would extend the 12-foot channel in an easterly direction so as to provide docking space at least 500 feet long, and that they would provide, without expense to the United States, suitable areas for the deposit of dredged material. These conditions have been complied with. Terminal facilities.--The terminal facilities within the limits of this improvement include about 227 wharves, piers, etc., with an aggregate length available for wharfage purposes of about 32 miles. The municipality of Norfolk owns and makes use of about 2 per cent of the total extent available; about 16 per cent is used by va- rious departments of the Government; about 42 per cent is owned or controlled by railroad and steamship companies for use as terminals for the handling of freight and passenger traffic and for storage; and the remaining 40 per cent is used by private- interests for the shipment and receipt of various commodities, storage, ship building and repairing, and other manufacturing and commercial enterprises. The wharves and piers are of various types of construction, many of them being provided with buildings or sheds, but a large propor- tion being uncovered. The piers at the Army supply base and parts of some of the wharves of the United States Navy Department are of concrete. All of the other wharves, with the exception of a few piers owned by corporations, which are partly of steel construction, are of pile and timber construction. Approximately one-third of the wharves are partly or entirely of fill, surrounded by a wooden bulkhead or apron, the remainder being of open construction. They are generally efficient for the particular purposes for which they are used. The frontage controlled by the city is open to general public use on equal terms upon payment of wharfage, and many other wharves are largely used by the general public, either free or on the payment of wharfage. There is railroad connection to the main terminals of railroads entering Norfolk, and to all of the wharves and terminals there are either railroad or highway connec- tions, except those on the upper part of the Southern Branch of Elizabeth River. The terminal facilities of the municipality of Norfolk were greatly reduced during 1929 by the disposal by the city to the Norfolk & Western Railway Co. of the munmcipal pier, grain elevator, and other structures which were constructed between 1922 and 1925, at a cost of approximately $5,000,000. It is considered that the publicly owned facilities are adequate for the present commerce of the port. i(For further details see H. Dec. No. 652, 66th Cong., 2d sess.) Operations and results duing flcal2 year.-New work dredging under contract for the completion of a channel in Scotts Creek with a depth of 12 feet over a bottom width of 100 feet, was commenced on September 7, and continued to December 19, 1931, when the con- tract was completed. There were removed 129,615 cubic yards of material, place measurement, between the 40-foot channel in Norfolk Harbor at the mouth and a point 3,857.5 feet upstream, of /which 86,069 cubic yards completed 2,831.5 feet of channel between the mouth and a point 100 feet above the Atlantic Coast Line Railway bridge, at the expense of the United States; while 43,546 cubic yards 466 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1932 completed 1,026 feet of channel in the remainder of the work, at the expense of local interests. The material removed was deposited on areas ashore provided by local interests without cost to the United States. The cost of the work was $22,334.57, of which $14,618.86 was provided by the United States and $7,715.71 by local interests. New work snagging, in connection with the improvement of Scotts Creek, was performed with U. S. derrick barge No. 14 at the draw opening of the Atlantic Coast Line Railway bridge between Novem- ber 14 and 24, 1931, where 193 snags and logs were removed and deposited ashore on areas provided by local interests. The cost of the work was $819.98. The cost of additional surveys, not included above, was $677.47. Maintenance dredging with U. S. dredge Chinook for the restora- tion of project dimensions in the 40-foot channel was performed intermittently between July 15 and November 8, 1931, at the junc- tion of the Southern and Eastern Branches and between Lambert Point and Hampton Roads, removing 414,571 cubic yards of ma- terial, bin measurement, part of which was pumped overboard dur- ing ebb tide and part deposited on the dumping grounds south of Thimble Shoal Channel. The cost of the work was $79,033.33. Maintenance dredging under contract in the 40-foot channel, for- the restoration of project dimensions in the Southern Branch, and the project depth over a bottom width of 500 feet between the junc- tion of the branches and Hampton Roads was commenced on May 3, and continued to the end of the fiscal year, when the contract was 36.26 per cent completed. There were removed 349,067 cubic yards of material, place measurement, completing 1,470.5 feet of channel 450 feet wide; 8,945.8 feet, 500 feet wide; and 6,130 feet, 250 feet; wide. Of the material removed, 274,911 cubic yards were deposited direct on Craney Island and 74,156 cubic yards, at the dumping ground south of Thimble Shoal' Channel. The cost of the work was $99,137.06. All depths are referred to mean low water. Miscellaneous maintenance and surveys made during the year cost $70,291.86. The total cost for the fiscal year was $264,578.56, of which $16,- 116&81 was for :new work and $248,462.25 for maintenance, not in- cluding $7,715.71 for new work from contributed funds. The total expenditure from United States funds was $66,973.81. Condition at end of fiscal year.-The existing project was about 99.9 per cent completed at the end of the fiscal year, as follows: The 40-foot channel between Hampton Roads and the Belt Line Railroad bridge over the Southern Branch, at the southern end of the United States navy yard, was completed. Opposite the navy yard, areas outside of the 40-foot channel, aggre- gating about 14 acres, were dredged to a depth of 35 feet, making the total available width for this depth 600 to 800 feet for about 3,000 feet below the Belt Line Railroad bridge. The above work was performed between 1918 and 1931, inclusive. The channel in the Southern Branch, between the Belt Line Rail- road bridge and the Norfolk & Western Railway bridge, was com- pleted in 1928 and 1929.. ' The channel in the' Eastern Branch, between the 40-foot channel at the mouth of the Norfolk & Western Railway bridge, was com- RIVERS AND HARBORS-NORFOLK, VA., DISTRICT 467 pleted in 1910, and the channel between the Norfolk & Western Rail- way bridge and the Virginian Railway bridge was completed in 1928. The channel in Scotts Creek was completed in 1931. The channel in the Western Branch between the 40-foot clannel at the mouth and the West Norfolk highway bridge was completed in 1914, and between the West Norfolk highway bridge and a point 3,000 feet upstream, in 1931. The 30-foot anchorage immediately south of Craney Island was completed in 1931. An investigation made during 1929, in connection with providing a 12-foot anchorage 48 acres in extent near Pinner Point, shows that the existing depths at this location are sufficient for an anchorage of the area required without additional dredging. The controlling depths of the above channels at the end of the fiscal year were as follows: From Hampton Roads to a point about 600 feet downstream from the Belt Line Railroad bridge, 36.6 feet, and the remaining 600 feet, 32.2 feet; in the Southern Branch be- tween the Belt Line Railroad bridge and the Virginian Railway bridge, and between the Virginian Railway bridge and the Norfolk & Western Railway bridge, 27.8 feet and 23 feet, respectively; in the Eastern Branch between the 40-foot channel and the Virginian Rail- way bridge, 23.2 feet; in Scotts Creek, 12 feet; and in the Western Branch between the 40-foot channel and a point 3,000 feet above the West Norfolk highway bridge, 18 feet. This information is based upon surveys made during 1930, 1931, and 1932. All depths are referred to mean low water. The work remaining to be done consists of dredging a channel 30 feet deep and 300 feet wide in the Eastern Branch between the 40-foot channel at the mouth and a point opposite the terminal of the Impe- rial Tobacco Co., a distance of about 1,000 feet, involving the removal of 50,745 cubic yards of material, place measurement. The total cost of the existing project at the end of the fiscal year was $7,636,861.27, of which $6,317,980.43 was for new work, not including $23,935.71 from contributed funds, and $1,318,880.84 for maintenance. The total expenditure was $7,852,649.25 from United States funds and $23,935.71 from contributed funds. Proposed operations.-The balance unexpended and accounts re- ceivable at the end of the fiscal year ($323,788.73) will be applied as follows: Accounts payable June 30, 1932-----------------------------$85, 968.17 Maintenance : Dredging under an existing contract to restore the project depth of 40 feet for a width of 450 feet in the Southern Branch from the Belt Line R. R. bridge to the mouth, and thence a width of 500 feet to Hampton Roads, 613,595 cubic yards, during the period July to September, 1932_ $176, 022. 40 Dredging the Southern Branch to project dimen- sions, by contract, between the Belt Line R. R. bridge and the mouth, 75,000 cubic yards, during May, 1933 .--------------------------------- 18, 540. 00 Dredging the Eastern Branch to project dimen- sions, by contract, between the mouth and the Virginian Ry. bridge, 160,000 cubic yards, during February and March, 1933------------------- 43, 258.16 237, 820. 56 Total for all work ..--- - - ------ - 323, 788. 73 468 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1932 The additional sum of $295,000 can be profitably expended during the fiscal year ending June 30, 1934, as follows: Maintenance: Dredging by contract in the 40-foot channel between the Belt Line R. R. bridge across the Southern Branch and Hampton Roads, 1,000,000 cubic yards, during the period July to November, 1933--------------------------------------------- 230, 000 Redredging the Craney Island anchorage to project dimensions, by contract, 20,000 cubic yards, during June, 1934----------- -- 5,000 Reinforcing the bulkhead on the north side of Craney Island with riprap stone, by contract 8,000 short tons, during the period ---- July, 1933, to April, 1934------------------------- - 60, 000 Total for all work----------------------------------- 295, 000 As the required conditions of local cooperation relative to the project for dredging a channel in the Eastern Branch, 30 feet deep and 300 feet wide over a distance of about 1,000 feet, authorized in the 1930 river and harbor act, have not been complied with, no funds can be profitably expended for new work during the fiscal year 1934. Commercial statistics.-The total water-borne traffic of the port of Norfolk, Va., for the calendar year 1931, exclusive of cargoes in tran- sit, railroad car-ferry and other ferry traffic, amounted to 13,608,563 short tons, with an estimated value of $555,558,343. The tonnage was about 111/2 per cent less and the value about 20 per cent less than in 1930. About 72 per cent of this decrease resulted chiefly from de- creases in export, internal, and coastwise shipments of coal. The several traffics of 1931, compared with those of 1930, were approxi- mately as follows: Imports, 17 per cent less in tonnage and 15 per cent less in value; exports, 32 per cent less in tonnage and 23 per cent less in value; inbound, coastwise, 101/2 per cent less in tonnage and 17 per cent less in value; outbound, coastwise, 6 per cent less in tonnage and 22 per cent less in value; internal 19 per cent less in tonnage and 21 per cent less in value. The chief imports were petroleum prod- ucts, fertilizer materials, manganese ore, sugar, gypsum, wood pulp, and newsprint paper. The chief exports were bituminous coal, leaf tobacco, lumber, wheat, fertilizer, and cotton. The principal com- modities received coastwise were gasoline and other petroleum prod- ucts, phosphate rock, sugar, textiles, books and magazines, and lum- ber. The chief coastwise shipments were bituminous coal, dry goods, piling, cotton yarn, cotton, peanuts, and tobacco. Chief internal receipts were marl, sand and gravel, gasoline, and other petroleum products, fertilizer materials, sugar, fish and oysters, and slag. In- ternal shipments consisted chiefly of bituminous coal, gasoline and other petroleum products, piling and other forest products, dry goods, cement, fruits and vegetables, automobiles, fish and oysters, and fer- tilizer. The aggregate tonnage of coal reported dumped at the Nor- folk coal piers in 1931 was 10,306,062 short tons. This was about 151/2 per cent less than in 1930. Bunker coal furnished amounted to 800,007 short tons, about 41 per cent less than in 1930. The number of cargoes of coal shipped from the coal piers and the approximate full-load drafts of vessels used were as follows: Exports, 145 cargoes in steam- ships with drafts of from less than 18 feet to over 30 feet, 4 cargoes in motor vessels with drafts from less than 18 feet to 28 feet, and 1 cargo in sailing vessel with draft of 20 feet; coastwise, 1,256 cargoes in steamships with drafts from less than 18 feet to 30 feet, 2 cargoes RIVERS AND HARBORS-NORFOLK VA., DISTRICT 469 in sail vessels with drafts of 22 feet, and 172 cargoes in barges with drafts from less than 18 feet to 28 feet. Comparative statement Vessel traffic Additional traffic Calendar year Passengers Car ferry Cargoes in transit Tons Value Tons Value Tons Value 1927--..------ 16, 854, 867 $781, 418, 762 8, 6590,231 4, 312, 794 $327, 772, 344 0,527,274 $488, 249, 805 1928..-------. 14, 915, 760 786,754,713 7,171, 904 3,957,748 300, 788,848 5, 950,273 556,494, 948 1929 --.......... 16,552,892 816,298, 165 7, 385, 391 1,291, 058 239,340,612 5,600, 343 553, 332,885 1930_....-.-. 15, 399, 895 697,135, 307 7,343, 698 1,214, 584 230, 770, 960 4, 638, 987 448, 655, 252 1931 -.---.. -13,608, 563 555, 558, 343 6,887, 535 980,230 187, 223, 930 2,291, 535 182, 427, 222 Cost and financial s mmary _ Cost of new work to June 30, 1932 --- -____------- $8, 879, 684. 70 Cost of maintenance to June 30, 1932- ---------------------- 1, 390, 920. 11 Total cost of permanent work to June 30, 1932,.-- 10, 270,604. 81 Value of plant, materials, etc., on hand June 30, 1932- - - 196, 062. 40 Net total cost to June 30, 1932 -___------------ - 10, 466, 667. 21 Plus accounts receivable June 30, 1932_ - 1--------------- 105, 693. 75 Gross total costs to June 30, 1932-- --------- 10, 572, 360. 96 Minus accounts payable June 30, 1932__---- ----------- 85, 968. 17 Net total expenditures- ___------------------- 10, 486, 392. 79 Unexpended balance June 30, 1932--------------------------- 218, 094. 98 Total amount appropriated to June 30, 1932_--.-------- -10, 704, 487.77 Fiscal year ending June 30 1928 1929 1930 1931 1932 Cost of new work....----------------- $171,675. 26 $210, 041. 07 $691, 614.38 $1,081,182. 12 $16, 116, 31 Cost of maintenance..-------------- 169, 986. 72 391, 576. 01 145, 877. 63 31, 989. 36 248, 462. 25 Total cost.....-.--..__....--- 341,661.98 601,617.08 837,492. 01 1,113, 171. 48 264,578. 56 Total expended.....------------------- 744, 351. 48 567, 872.76 685, 037. 17 1,345, 611.63 66,973. 81 Allotted --------- -- -------------- 797, 943. 05 1, 250, 000. 00 90, 000.00 902, 400. 00 -135, 700. 00 Balance unexpended July 1, 1931_---__------------------ $420, 768.79 Deductions on account of revocation of allotment-------------- 135, 700. 00 Net amount to be accounted for------------------------ 285, 068.79 Gross amount expended__._------------------------ $382, 339.40 Less: Reimbursements collected- -___----$299, 299. 64 Receipts from sales -- ---------- 16, 065. 95 315, 365. 59 66, 973. 81 Balance unexpended June 30, 1932_--- __-- - -------- 218, 094. 98 Outstanding liabilities June 30, 1932_------------ 85, 968. 17 Amount covered by uncompleted contracts__-- -. 176, 022.40 261, 990. 57 Balance available June 30, 1932 ----- -43, 895. 59 1 In addition $23,935.71 was expended from contributed funds. 470 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1932 Accounts receivable June 30, 1932------ ------------------- $105, 693. 75 Unobligated balance available June 30, 1932_---------- -- -- 61, 798.16 Amount (estimated) required to be appropriated for completion of existing project 2 - - - - - - - - - _- _ - - 11, 200. 00 Amount that can be profitably expended in fiscal year ending June 30, 1934, for maintenance 2 - - - - - - - - - - - ..... .. 295, 000.00 2. THIMBLE SHOAL CHANNEL, VA. Location and description.-Thimble Shoal lies in the channel be- tween Hampton Roads and the ocean and is 20 miles northeast of the center of Norfolk Harbor, extending southeasterly 9 miles from a point 11/4 miles east of Thimble Shoal Lighthouse toward the en- trance to Chesapeake Bay. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Chart No. 1222.) Original condition.-The minimum usable depth was 30 feet at mean low water for a minimum width of 4,350 feet. The depth was insufficient for most naval vessels using the channel. - Previous projects.--The original project for Thimble Shoal Chan- nel was adopted by the river and harbor act of June 25, 1910, which provided for a channel 35 feet deep at mean low water, 500 feet wide, and about 5 miles long (H. Doc. No. 551, 61st Cong., 2d sess.). The project was completed in 1914. The cost and expenditures on the original project prior to the commencement of operations under the existing project were $333,608.88, all of which was for new work. Existing project.-This provides for dredging a channel 9 miles long, 750 feet wide, and 40 feet deep at mean low water. Under ordinary conditions the mean tidal range is 2.5 feet and the extremes 2 and 3 feet. The extremes of irregular fluctuation, due to combined wind and tides, referred to mean low water, are -2 feet and +7 feet. The estimate of cost for new work revised in 1928 is $2,325,000, exclusive of amounts expended on previous projects. The latest (1928) approved estimate of cost for annual maintenance is $50,000. The existing project was adopted by the river and harbor act of August 8, 1917 (H. Doc. No. 140, 65th Cong., 1st sess.). The latest published map is in House Document No. 551, Sixty-first Congress, second session. Recomended modifcations of project.-None. Local cooperation.-None. Terminal facilities.-The commerce of Norfolk Harbor and New- port News, Va., is directly benefited by this improvement. For de- scriptions of the terminal facilities for these points see this head under "Norfolk Harbor" and " Channel to Newport News, Va." Operations and results during fiscal year.-A survey of Thimble Shoal Channel, July-September, 1931, indicated that considerable shoaling had taken place and that maintenance dredging would be required for the restoration of project dimensions. Maintenance dredging with U. S. hopper dredge Chinook, oper- ated by hired labor, was prosecuted intermittently between July 25 and October 27, 1931, removing 657,157 cubic yards of material, bin measurement, and depositing it on the established dumping 2 Exclusive of available funds. RIVERS AND HARBORS-NORFOLK, VA., DISTRICT 471 ground south of the channel. The cost of the work, including sur- veys, was $67,217.61, all of which was for maintenance. The total expenditure was $67,187.12. Condition at end of fiscal ear.-The existing project was com- pleted in 1929 at a saving of $41,227 unler the estimated cost. The controlling depth in September, 1931, was about 38 feet at mean low water for the full bottom width. The total cost of the existing project at the end of the fiscal year was $2,548,391.12, of which $2,283,772.56 was for new work and $264,618.56 for maintenance. The total expenditure was $2,548,329.86. Proposed operations.--The balance unexpended at the end of the fiscal year ($61.26) and allotment to be made when need of work is imminent ($50,000), making a total of $50,061.26, will be applied as follows: Accounts payable June 30, 1932------------------------- ------ $61.26 Maintenance: Redredging the channel to project dimensions between Hampton Roads and the ocean with U. S. dredge Chinook 450,0( cubic yards, during January and February, 1933-- 50, 000. 00 Total ------------------------------------------ 50, 061.26 The additional sum of $50,000 can be profitably expended during the fiscal year ending June 30, 1934, for maintenance dredging in Thimble Shoal Channel during December, 1933, and January, 1934. Commercial statistics.-The commerce passing through the channel during the calendar year 1931 consisted almost entirely of cargoes carried in vessels with drafts of 25 feet and upward, embracing nearly all of the foreign traffic and considerable proportions of the coastwise traffic pertaining to Norfolk and Newport News; also car- goes in transit in vessels calling at Hampton Roads for bunker fuel and for other purposes. The chief commodities carried in the above traffic were bituminous coal, fertilizer material, sugar, lumber, petro- leum products, leaf and manufactured tobacco, and cotton. It is not practicable to state the proportions of the traffic of the above ports carried through the channel. Cost and financial summary Cost of new work to June 30, 1932_----------------- $2, 617, 381. 44 Cost of maintenance to June 30, 1932_..-. __------------ 264, 618. 56 Total cost of permanent work to June 30, 1932__ -- ___-2, 882, 000. 00 Minus accounts payable June 30, 1932-------------------------- 61.26 Net total expenditures--__--- ---------- __----__ 2, 881, 938. 74 Unexpended balance June 30, 1932--- -------------------------- 61. 26 Total amount appropriated to June 30, 1932_. .. . _ __--- 2, 882, 000. 00 Fiscal year ending June 30 1928 1929 1930 1931 1932 Cost of new work.. _ __-.. ------------ $115,805. 76 $107, 281.32 .. .. ..... ... Cost of maintenance-------------------- 58,914.00 ............ $52,805.59 $50,098.61 $67,217.61 Total cost._...---------------------- 174, 719. 76 107, 281. 32 52, 805. 59 50, 098. 61 67, 217. 61 Total expended.---------------------- 181, 708. 09 79, 985. 08 79, 399. 42 50, 840. 33 67, 187. 12 Allotted..............- ---------------------------------------- 50, 000. 00 115, 000.00... 472 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1932 Balance unexpended July 1, 1931------------------------ $67,248.88 Amount allotted from emergency construction act approved Dec. 20, 1930- --------------------------- --------- 15, 157.85 Amount to be accounted .r--------- -------------- - 82, 406. 23 Deductions on account of revo[ion of allotment -------------- 15, 157. 85 Net amount to be accounted for----------- --------- 67, 248. 38 Gross amount expended---- ---------------------------- 67,187.12 Balance unexpended June 30, 1932------------------------ 61.26 Outstanding 11abilities - June 30, 1932----------------------- 61. 26 Amount that can be profitably expended in fiscal year ending June 30, 1934, for maintenance1 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 50, 000.00 3. CHANNEL TO NEWPORT NEWS, VA. Location and description.--This channel, which is 10 miles west of Norfolk Harbor, connects deep water in James River with Hampton Roads. The improvement made under the project of 1902 followed the deep-water channel south of the Middle Ground Light. The channel at present under improvement is a straight cut north of this light. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Chart No. 400.) Original condition.--The channel was 25 feet deep at mean low water for a minimum width of 2,500 feet, and was not sufficiently deep for commercial or naval vessels. Previous projects.-The original project was adopted June 13, 1902. The cost and expenditures thereunder prior to the commence- ment of operations under the existing project were $237,500, of which $225,000 was for new work and $12,500 for maintenance. For further details see page 1795 of Annual Report for 1915. Existing project.-This provides for dredging a channel 40 feet deep at mean low water, 600 feet wide, increased to 1,000 feet at the ends, and 3814 miles long through the shoal north of Middle Ground Light. Under ordinary conditions the mean tidal range is 2.7 feet and the extremes 2.1 and 3 feet. The extremes of irregular fluctua- tions, due to combined wind and tides, referred to mean low water, are -2 feet and + 7 feet. The estimate of cost for new work, revised in 1927, is $1,521,515, exclusive of amount expended on previous projects. The latest (1927) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $20,000. The existing project was adopted by the following river and har- bor acts: The act of June 25, 1910, provided for a channel 400 feet in width and 35 feet deep at mean low water (H. Doc. No. 550, 61st Cong., 2d sess.); the act of August 8, 1917, provided for the increase in width to 600 feet (H. Doc. No. 605, 63d Cong., 2d sess.); and the act of January 21, 1927, provided for the present channel dimensions (H. Doc. No. 486, 67th Cong., 4th sess.). The latest published map is in House Document No. 605, Sixty-third Congress, second session. Recommended modifications of project.-None. Local cooperation.-None. Terminal facilities.-There are four publicly owned piers at New- port News, which are the property of the city, and which are open to general public use on equal terms. All of the other piers and 1 Exclusive of available funds. RIVERS AND HARBORS- NORFOLK, VA., DISTRIOT 473 wharves served by this improvement are owned by private corpora- tions or companies. The principal terminal and transfer facilities are those of the Chesapeake & Ohio Railway Co., comprising 2 coal piers, 7 freight piers, and 1 passenger pier." These piers have depths of 18 to 36 feet at mean low water. The docks pertaining to the Newport News Shipbuilding & Dry Dock Co. include seven large piers, some of which have launching ways for small vessels and others for larger vessels up to the largest battleships, three dry docks, and a number of piers with wide slips between them for handling freight. There are also at Newport News a wharf used by steamers of the Eastern Steamship Co. and a small boat harbor, both of which are open to general public use on equal terms, and a pier owned by a corporation engaged in making marine repairs, which is reserved for the use of the owners. Physical connection by rail exists between the Chesapeake & Ohio Railway and that company's docks and the shipyard docks, but no others. All of the docks are connected with the street system of Newport News. The terminal facilities are adequate for present necessities. (For further details see H. Doc. No. 652, 66th Cong., 2d sess.) Operations and results during fiscal year.-Maintenance dredging with U. S. hopper dredge Chinook for the removal of a shoal was conducted on July 20, 22, and 23, 1931. There were removed 5,520 cubic yards, bin measurement, and deposited on the dumping grounds south of Thimble Shoal Channel. The cost of the work, including surveys, was $3,324.99, all of which was for maintenance. The total expenditure was $82,896.81. Condition at end of fiscal year.-The existing project was com- pleted in June, 1931, representing the removal of 7,336,260 cubic yards of material, scow measurement. The controlling depth at the last examination, July, 1931, was 40 feet at mean low water. The total cost of the existing project at the end of the fiscal year was $1,352,000, of which $1,252,261.99 was for new work and $99,738.01 for maintenance. The total expenditure was $1,351,910.79. Proposed operations.--.The balance unexpended at the end of the fiscal year ($89.21) and allotment to be made when need of work is imminent ($20,000), making a total of $20,089.21, will be applied as follows: Accounts payable June 30, 1932-------------------------------- $89. 21 Maintenance: Redredging the channel to project dimensions with U. S. dredge Chinook, about 80,000 cubic yards, during March, 1933, 20, 000. 00 Total---------------- --------------------------- 20, 089. 21 It is believed that no funds can be profitably expended during the fiscal year ending June 30, 1934, as it is expected that the work con- templated will provide for the needs of navigation for a period of at least two years. Comrmercial statistics.-The total water-borne traffic of the port of Newport News, Va., for the calendar year 1931, exclusive of car- goes in transit, railroad car ferry and other ferry traffic, amounted to 9,918,215 short tons, valued at $99,405,806. About 95 per cent of the tonnage consisted of export, outbound coastwise, and internal shipments of bituminous coal. The traffic of 1931 was about 8 per cent greater in tonnage and 19 per cent less in value than in 1930. 474 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1932 The tonnages carried in the different trades in 1931 and their values compared with those of 1930 were approximately as follows: Im- ports, 11 per cent less in tonnage and 20 per cent less in value; exports, 24 per cent less in tonnage and 33 per cent less in value; inbound, coastwise, one-tenth per cent less in tonnage and 18 per cent less in value; outbound, coastwise, 10 per cent greater in ton- nage and 11 per cent less in value; internal, 61 per cent greater in tonnage and five-tenths per cent less in value. The chief imports were wood pulp, manganese and chrome ore, and newsprint paper. The chief exports were bituminous coal, leaf tobacco, nitrate of soda, starch, lumber, and wheat. The chief commodities received coast. wise were sugar, magazines, carpet, and soap. Bituminous coal comprised 99.8 per cent of the total coastwise shipments. The aggregate tonnage of coal reported dumped at the Newport News coal piers in 1931 was 9,906,511 short tons, 6 per cent greater than in 1930. Bunker coal furnished amounted to 429,837 short tons. The numbers of cargoes shipped and approximate full-load drafts of vessels used as coal carriers were as follows: Export, 106 cargoes in steamships with drafts of from 18 feet to over 30 feet; 10 cargoes in sail vessels with drafts of less than 18 feet to 22 feet; outbound, coastwise, 1,161 cargoes in steamships having drafts from less than 18 feet to 30 feet, 26 cargoes in sail vessels with drafts less than 18 feet to 24 feet, and 351 cargoes in barges with drafts from less than 18 feet to 28 feet. Comparative statemeft Vessel traffic Additional traffic Calendar Passengers Car-ferry Cargoes in transit year Tons Value Tons Value Tons Value 1927------_ 7, 928, 713 $112, 338, 089 1, 832, 424 1,267,941 $66,264,317 3, 662, 457 $390, 109, 072 1928- ..... 8, 266, 610 130, 091, 721 891, 534 1, 018, 276 52, 950, 352 3, 697, 640 352,463,092 1929 ...... 8, 563, 589 129, 602, 848 969, 883 982,303 48, 271, 756 4, 314, 919 443, 391, 465 1930........ 9, 207, 192 123, 471, 713 991, 928 877, 255 55, 705, 463 3, 447, 344 329, 008, 582 1931........ 9, 918, 215 98, 875, 448 987, 754 718, 704 45, 997, 056 2,103, 593 193, 770, 045 Cost and financial su/mmary Cost of new work to June 30, 1932 1--_ -111_____1111______ _ $1, 477, 261. 99 Cost of maintenance to June 30, 1932_ __ 1___________ 112,238. 01 Total cost of permanent work to June 30, 1932---------- 1,589, 500. 00 Minus accounts payable June 30, 1932--------- ---------------- 89. 21 Net total expenditures-- -------------------------- 1,589, 410. 79 Unexpended balance June 30, 1932------ ---------------------- 89. 21 Total amount appropriated to June 30, 1932 , 589, 500. 00 1----------- Fiscal year ending June 30 1928 1929 1930 1931 1932 Cost of new work --- $68, 527. 91 $222, 732. 26 $162, 118. 78 ....--..... ---------..................--------- Cost of maintenance---------- ---- ---- $2, 110.79 ------------ $3, 324.99 Total expended.. ----------------------- 2, 110. 79 43,229.80 200,632.29 121, 223. 33 82, 896. 81 Allotted-.._-_....._. _-------------------------357, 000. 00 60, 000. 00 - _--- 25, 000. 00 ... $8,632.50 liquidated damages restored to costs. RIVERS AND HARBORS-NORFOLK, VA., DISTRICT 475 Balance unexpended July 1, 1931-----------------__ __ $82,986.02 Gross amount expended ____------- ---- _ 82, 896.81 Balance unexpended June 30, 1932---------------------- 89. 21 Outstanding liabilities June 30, 1932_--- ----- - ------- 89. 21 4. JAMES RIVER, VA. Location and description.-This river, a tidal stream, is formed by the junction of the Cowpasture aid Jackson Rivers, in Botetourt County, Va., flows easterly 340 miles, and empties into Hampton Roads at Newport News, Va. The portion under improvement ex- tends from its mouth to Richmond, a distance by river via the new Rocklanding Shoal Channel and Dutch Gap of 101.2 miles, which is the length of the tidal reach. The drainage area is 10,060 square miles, of which 6,780 square miles are above Richmond. The low- water discharge at Richmond is estimated at 1,000 second-feet, and the maximum, for a gage height of about 29 feet above low water, at 130,000 second-feet. Navigation is interfered with by floods higher than 12 feet above mean low water. In the 14 miles between Richmond and Dutch Gap the slope at low water is 0.014 foot per mile; below Dutch Gap there is apparently no slope at low water. During two very high freshets the observed slope between Richmond and Dutch Gap was about 0.81 foot, and in the next 6.8 miles below 0.61 and 0.65 foot. The width between banks varies from about 5.68 miles at Rocklanding Shoal, about 88 miles below Richmond, to about 500 feet at Richmond. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Charts Nos. 529, 530, and 531.) Original condition.-The channel was obstructed by various nat- ural and artificial obstacles, particularly in the reach extending about 20 miles below Richmond, where it was narrow and tortuous. The excavation of Dutch Gap Canal had not been completed, by which work subsequently the channel was shortened 5 miles. The minimum usable low-water depth was 7 feet. The head of naviga- tion for steamers was at Richmond. Rafting and logging were and still are possible for three-fourths of a mile above the head of navi- gation for steamers. Previous projects.-The original project was adopted by the river and harbor act of July 11, 1870. The cost and expenditures by the United States on the original project prior to the commencement of operations under the existing project were $763,000, including $23,000 appropriated in 1836 and 1852. There is no record showing how much of the amount was expended for new work and maintenance. For further details see page 1797 of Annual Report for 1915. Existing project.-This provides for a channel 25 feet deep and 300 feet wide from the mouth to Hopewell, 69.2 miles; thence 25 feet deep and 200 feet wide, following the cut-off route between Hopewell and the Richmond deep-water terminal, 17.8 miles; and a channel 18 feet deep and 200 feet wide from the deep-water terminal to the Richmond Lock gates, 3.8 miles. Depths of channels are referred to mean low water. The total length of channel included in the project is 90.8 miles. The mean tidal ranges under ordinary conditions for different parts of the river are as follows: Mouth, 2.5 feet; Jamestown, 1.85 feet; City Point, 2.8 feet; Dutch Gap, 3.5 feet; Richmond, 3.9 feet. 476 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1932 Following are the extreme ranges under ordinary conditions at the same localities: Mouth, 2.1 to 3 feet; Jamestown, 1.6 to 2.3 feet; City Point, 2.3 to 3.2 feet; Dutch Gap, 2.9 to 3.9 feet; .Richmond, 3.2 to 4.2 feet. The ordinary fluctuations of stage at Richmond due to floods are 6 to 12 feet above mean low water. The extreme fluctua- fions are 16 to 28.6 feet. The flood heights below Richmond diminish rapidly, the extreme, according to available information, being about 11 feet lower at Dutch Gap, 14 miles below, and 17 to 18 feet lower 20 miles below. The estimate of cost for new work, revised in 1930, exclusive of the amount expended on previous projects, is $7,630,000. The latest (1930) approved estimate of cost for annual maintenance is $100,000. The existing project was authorized by the following river and harbor acts: The act of July 5, 1884, provided for the excavation of a channel 22 feet deep at mean low water from the mouth to Rich- mond and the construction of spur and training dikes (S. Doc. No. 147, 47th Cong., 1st sess.); the act of June 13, 1902, provided for extending the improvement to the head of navigation at the Rich- mond lock gates (H. Doc. No. 234, 56th Cong., 1st sess.); the act of March 3,1905, provided for forming a turning basin by widening the channel at Richmond (H. Doc. No. 234, 56th Cong., 1st sess.) ; the act of July 3, 1930 (H. Doc. No. 314, 71st Cong., 2d sess.), provided for the present dimensions of the project. For the latest published map of the river see the last-mentioned document. Recommended modifl~atione of project.-None. Local cooperation.-The only work done on James River for the benefit of the public with funds supplied by sources other than Con- gress was by the city of Richmond. On account of the records of the extent and location of the above work being incomplete it is not practicable to separate the expenditure for dredging approaches to wharves from that for channel excavation. The aggregate expendi- ture by the city reported for the above purposes amounts to about $889,000.. This amount was expended voluntarily. The river and harbor act of July 3, 1930, in adopting the modified project imposed the condition that local interests shall furnish all necessary rights of way and spoil-disposal areas and give assurances satisfactory to the Secretary of War and the Chief of Engineers that they will provide adequate terminal facilities and will hold and save the United States free of any and all claims for damages resulting from the cut-offs across Turkey Island, Jones Neck, Dutch Gap, and Aiken Swamp, and will provide such connections as might be neces- sary for transportation between the sections of land divided by these cut-offs, and that they will provide, when necessary, turning basins in the vicinity of the Richmond terminal and in the vicinity of Hope- well. Under date of January 17, 1931, the city council of Hopewell, by resolution, furnished the necessary assurance that when the neces- sity therefor had been determined by the War Department necessary terminal facilities and turning basin would be provided in the vicin- ity of Hopewell, at such locations and in accordance with such plans as had the approval of the Secretary of War. By ordinance ap- proved March 17, 1932, the council of the city of Richmond bound itself to perform the different items of cooperation imposed by Congress in the act of July 3, 1980, for the improvement of the RIVERS AND HARBORS--NORFOLK, VA., DISTRICT 477 waterway between Hopewell and Richmond, and authorized the expenditure of such funds as may be necessary to defray the cost of such cooperation. Termrinl facilities.--The river's commerce pertaining to Rich. mond is handled in the basin of the former James River & Kanawha Canal known as Richmond Dock, and at 10 wharves at and in the immediate vicinity of the city. Below Richmond the improvement is served by 42 wharves. Richmond Dock belongs to the city and is open to public use on very moderate terms. The dock is 3,450 feet long, 75 to 150 feet wide, and about 15 feet deep. It is entered from the river through a masonry lock. The lock has a lift of 15 feet. Its chamber is 351/2 feet wide and has a length available for vessels of 168 feet. Of the 10 Richmond wharves, 8 are private and 2, belong- ing to the city, are free to public use. With one exception, viz, the Southern Railway wharf, which is.of stone, all of the James River wharves are pile and timber structures. Richmond Dock and the Richmond wharves are adjacent to spur tracks or siding connecting with the main lines of railroads. The two city wharves have a total frontage of 735 feet and have no physical connection with the rail- ways. The total frontage of the eight private wharves at and just be- low Richmond amounts to 2,180 linear feet, and these generally are equipped with either telpherage or steam machinery for handling of freight. Of the 42 wharves farther downstream, 23 are private and 19 open to public use. None has appliances for facilitating the handling of freight. With the exception of three public wharves with railroad connections, all are remote from railroads. The loca- tions and descriptions of the wharves having railroad connections are as follows: At City Point, 32 miles below Richmond, connect- ing with a branch of the Norfolk & Western Railway and having a frontage of about 700 feet, with available depths of 15 to 20 feet; at Claremont, 58 miles below Richmond, connecting with a branch of the Southern Railway,, with a frontage of 270 feet and available depths of 7 to 19 feet; at Scotland, about 68 miles below Richmond, connecting with the Surry, Sussex & Southampton Railway, having a frontage of 70 feet and an available depth of 11 feet. The re- mainder of the wharves have frontages of 40 to 130 feet, with depths of 7 to 18 feet. The basin at Richmond and the wharves at the city and between it and the river's mouth are adequate for the river's commerce. (For further details see H. Doc. No. 652, 66th Cong., 2d sess.) Operations and results during flscal year.-New-work dredging in Rocklanding Shoal Channel was performed intermittently between September 8,1931, and March 82 1932. There were removed 881,671 cubic yards of material, completing the channel throughout its entire length of about 26,000 feet. The U. S. hopper dredges Chinook ana Dan C. Kingman removed 863,745 cubic yards, bin measurement; 17,926 cubic yards, place measurement, were removed by a hired bucket dredge and a hired dipper dredge. The material removed was deposited in James River, above and below the site of the work, dependent upon the flow of the tide. The cost of the work was $89,415.19. New-work dredging under contract in Swann Point-Dancing Point Shoal, in progress at the end of fiscal year 1931, was con- 478 REPOl OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1 932 tinued to July 23, 1931, when the contract was completed. There were removed 204,221 cubic yards of material, place measurement, completing 11,000 feet of channel to project depth for one-half the project width. The material was deposited in adjacent waters at a minimum distance of 1,000 feet from the axis of the channel. The cost of the work was $25,791.65. New-work dredging under contract in Weyanoke Point Shoal, and Windmill Point-Harrisons Bar-Jordan Point Shoals, in progress at the end of fiscal year 1931, continued to September 1, 1931, when the contract was completed. There were removed 1,214,047 cubic yards of material, place measurement, completing 18,935 feet of channel. The material was deposited in adjacent waters at a mini- mum distance of 1,000 feet from the axis of the channel. The cost of the work was $123,758.84. New-work dredging for experimental purposes was performed be- tween October 7 and 24, 1931, by the U. S. pipe-line dredge Tcalott at two locations in the vicinity of Falling Creek, about 7 miles below Richmond. There were removed 43,134 cubic yards of material, place measurement, completing two stretches of channel aggregating 1,212 feet. The material was deposited on the river banks within areas provided by local interests without cost to the United States. The cost of the work was $13,238.53. Maintenance dredging under contract, immediately below the lock gates in Richmond Harbor, was performed between September 3 and 10, 1931. There were removed 66,326 cubic yards of material, place measurement, deepening the channel for 1,945 feet below the lock gates to depths varying from 13 to 20 feet over bottom widths varying from 45 to 200 feet. The material was deposited on areas provided by local interests without cost to the United States. Dredging to the depth of 20 feet throughout was not done because of ledge rock. The cost of the work was $14,565.50. All depths are referred to mean low water. Miscellaneous surveys were made at a cost of $8,189.66. The total cost for the fiscal year was $274,959.37, of which $252,- 204.21 was for new work and $22,755.16 was for maintenance. The total expenditure was $371,177.49. Condition at end of fiscal year.--The existing project was about 51.5 per cent completed at the end of the year. The work consisted of dredging on 10 shoals between the mouth and Hopewell, and on 3 shoals between Hopewell and Drewry Bluff; dredging and rock excavation between Drewry Bluff and Richmond; and constructing regulation works between Hopewell and Richmond. The result of this work was a channel between the mouth and Hopewell having the project dimensions of 25 feet deep and 300 feet wide and a chan- nel between Hopewell and Richmond, having a depth of 18 feet throughout over bottom widths varying from 120 feet to 300 feet be- tween Hopewell and Drewry Bluff, a distance of about 25 miles, and from 110 to 200 feet between Drewry Bluff and Richmond, a distance of. 7 miles. The regulation works, consisting of dikes and jetties constructed of sheet piling revetted with riprap, are generally in fair condition, although nearly all of them require further revetting. RIVERSS AND HARBORS--NORFOLKp VA., DISTRICT ! 479 The head of navigation is at the Richmond Lock Gates, aAd this feature has not been affcted by the improvement of the waterway. Boat navigation is practicable throughout the year between Hamp. ton Roads and Richmond. The controlling depth between the mouth and Hopewell, according to a survey made between February and May, 198, was 25 feet, the project depth; and the controlling depth between Hopewell and Richmond, according to a survey made in June,i 1931, was 16.5 feet, this depth occurring at Drewry Bluff The work remaining tobe done is regulatory dredging outside the channel limits below Hopewell, to prevent rapid shoaling of the chan- nel; increasing the depth of the channel in portions of the river ber tween Hopewell and a point 38 miles below the Richmond Lock Gates to 25 feet over a bottom width of 200 feet, and within these limits excavating, to the same dimensions, three cut-offs aggregating about 4 miles in length; and increasing the depth of the channel in the river for a distance of 3.8 miles below the Richmond Lock Gates to 18 feet over a bottom width of 200 feet; involving the removal of about 11,415,200 cubic yards, place measurement. All depths are referred to mean low water. The total cost of the existing project at the end of the fiscal year was $4,488,446.69, of which $3,910,407.64 was for new work,, and $528,039.05 was for maintenance. The total expenditure was $4,438,292.21. Proposed operation.--The balance unexpended at the end of the fiscal year ($160,107.79) and allotments to .be made 'when the amounts and the costs of the work are definitely known ($250,000), making a total of $410,107.79, will be applied as follows: Accounts payable June 30, 1932----------------------------- -$3, 790. 66 New work: Conversion of the steamer Detroit Wcyne into a seagoing agitator dredge, under an existing con- tract, during July and August, 1932_,----------. $156, 317. 13 Regulatory dredging below Hopewell, by contract, about 1,000,000 cubic yards, during the period, September, 1932, to February, 1933------------150,000.00 306,317.13 Maintenance: Restoring project dimensions in the channel below Hopewell, by contract, and securing a channel 18 feet deep be- tween Hopewell and Richmond, by cointract, about 400,000 cubic yards, during the period, November, 1932, to February, 1933...-,_ 100, 000.00 Total for all work--------------------------------410, 10. 79 The additional sum of $995,000 canbe profitably expended during the fiscal year ending June 80, 1984, as follows: New work: Completing the project between Hopewel. and a point about 43 miles upstream, by contract dre4ging, about 3,200,000 cubic yards, during the period, July, 1983, to June, 1934,--------- $895, 000 Maintenance: restoring project dimensions in the channel between the mouth and Richmond, by. contract, about 40,000 cubic yards, during the period, December, 19833, to March, 1934_--___------- 100, 000 Total for all work------------------------------------ 995, 000 Commerci l statistic.--The total freight carried on the river dur- ing 1931 amounted to 1,322,783 short tons, valued at $59,316,500. 140960---ENG 1932-31 480 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, T,U. ARMY, 1 3 2 The above tonnage was about 8.per cent greater than in 1930 and the value about 19 per .cent less. -About 56 per ent of the tonnage sadan87perient hiV of the value pertained to 'ad V a., and the remainder to points on James River below hoad. The ton- nage 'for Richmond was about 7 per cent l:ss nand~ its value about 19 per cent less than in 1930. For points below.Richmond the ton- nage :was abouit 38 per cent greater and the value about ,17/ per cent less thaii in '1930. The chief commodities received at Richmond were petroleum products, sand and gravel, fertilizer materials, forest prod- ucts, and :vegetable food products. Shipments consisted= chiefly of prepared fertilizer, railroad ties, leaf and,,manufactured tobacco, and vegetable food. products. Package freight was. carried prin- cipally by three steamships with drafts of about 17/2 feet plying betee nRichmond and New York, and rcalling at Hopewell, 321/2 miles below Richmond, .and Newport News, at the mouth of the river, making collectively three trips per week; also by three steam- boats with drafts of 10 feet, plying daily, except Sundays, between Richmond, James River landings, and Norfolk. Bulk freight, com- prised of forest products and fertilizer material, was carried in barges, and petroleum products in tankers and oil barges. with drafts of 9 to 11 feet. The chief commodities pertaining to river points below Richmond consisted of sand and gravel, fertilizer, forest prod- ucts, and brick carried in scows, and general package freight carried by steamboats in the Richmond trade. There were 26 cargoes of fertilizer material exported from Hopewell in steamships with drafts of Ifrom 92 to 25 feet. Comparative statement Vessel traffic Rafted Total Calendar year Passen- Tons Value Tons Value Tons Value gers 1927---------------- 948, 499 $82, 209,426 34,518 $155, 331 983, 017 $82 364, 757 678 1928---------- 1, 122,941 70,490, 052 2,269 11,345 1, 125, 210 70,501, 397 1, 256 1929-- ----- ............... 1, 10, 110 81, 105, 987 3,'505 26, 639 1,105, 615 81, 132,626 3, 030 1930-.....---.....-- 1,215,878 ----..... 64,551, 447 -, 923 54, 922 1,219,801 ' 64, 606,369 1,942 193 ----- -....--... 1,321,539 52, 304, 060 1, 244 12, 440 1, 322, 783 52, 316, 500 1, 032 Cost and financial summary _ Cost of new work to June 30, 1932 ------------------ . _$4, 673, 407. 64 CJost of maintenance to June 30, 1932_---------------------- 528, 039. 05 Total cost of permanent work to June' 30, 1932------------ 5, 201, 446. 69 Value of plant, materials, etc., on hand June 30, 1932 ....---------. 226. 92 Net total cost to June 80, 1932_---- -------- --- 5, 201, 673. 6.1 Minus accounts payable June 30, 1932.------------------------ 381. 40 Net total expenditure..--..-------.....--------------------5,201,292.21 Unexpended balancei June' 80, 1932.....---------.. .._ , -. 160, 107. 79 Total amount appropriated to June 30, 1932-_______--... 5, 361, 400.00 1 Increased $500 account previous work in Warwick River under sec. 8, river and barbor act, July 25, 1912. .8. . RIVERS AND HARBORS---NORFOLK, VA., DISTRICT 481 Fiscal year ending June 30 1928 1929 1930 1931 1932 Cost of new work-----.....------------. $41, 492. 05 $286,520. 53 $305,757.48 $582,078.00 $252,204.21 Cost of maintenance------------...............------ 41, 492. 06 ----------- 3,245.77 123,193.86 22,755. 16 Total cost_.--------.....------ 82, 984. 11 286, 520. 53 309, 003. 25 705, 271.86 274, 959. 37 Total expended-------.... ------ ----- 73, 098. 59 311, 904. 72 347, 342.44 626, 121.73 371, 177. 49 Allotted-----__----------------------- 130, 000. 00 600, 000.00 146, 400. 00 567, 000.00 294, 500. 00 Balance unexpended July 1, 1931- --------------- _____ $236, 785.28 Amount allotted from emergency construction act approved Dec. 20, 1930----- ------------- $59, 500. 00 Amount allotted from War Department appropria- tion act approved Feb. 23, 1931__--------------- 235, 000. 00 294, 500. 00 Amount to be accounted for_--..... --- __--- ------ 531, 285. 28 Gross amount expended____ --------------- 382, 427. 05 Less reimbursements collected - --------------- 11, 249. 56 371, 177.49 Balance unexpended June 30, 1932_---- -- ------ __ 160, 107. 79 Outstanding liabilities June 30, 1932--------------- 3, 790. 66 Amount covered by uncompleted contracts---------156, 317.13 160, 107. 79 Amount (estimated) required to be appropriated for completion of existing project a - - - -- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -- 3, 500,000.00 Amount that can be profitably expended in fiscal year ending June 30, 1934: For new work - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 895, 000. 00 For maintenance --------------------------------- ----- 100, 000. 00 Total 2 - ---- - - -- - - - - - - - - - - -- - -- - - - - - ----- - ----- - 995, 000. 00 5. WILLOUGHBY CHANNEL, VA. Location and description.--This channel is located in Hampton Roads and extends from the south border of the main Hampton Roads Channel, a point approximately one-fourth mile west of Fort Wool, to the entrance to Willoughby Bay just south of the extreme end of Willoughby Spit, a distance of approximately 9,000 feet. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Charts Nos. 400 and 1222.) Original condition.-The critical section of Willoughby Channel is located at the immediate entrance from the main channel in Hamp- ton Roads. A bar connecting Sewall Point Spit and Willoughby Banks extends across the entrance to Willoughby Channel. The bar is about 1,000 feet wide at this point and had a controlling depth of about 8 feet at mean low water. The portion of the channel shore- ward from the bar had a controlling depth of about 11 feet at mean low water for a width of several hundred feet. Previous projects.-None. Existing project.-This provides for dredging a channel 10 feet deep at mean low water over a bottom width of 300 feet, from deep water in Hampton Roads to a point opposite the extreme tip of Wil- 'Exclusive of available funds. 482 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMIIY 1932 loughby Spit. Under ordinary conditions the mean tidal range is 2.7 feet and the extremes 2 and 7 feet. The estimate of cost for new work made in 1929 is $8,500. The latest (1929) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $500. The existing project was adopted by the river and harbor act of July 3, 1930 (H. Doc. No. 507, 70th Cong., 2d sess.). The latest pub- lished map is in the project document. Recommended modifoations of project.-None. Local cooperation.-None. Terminal facilities.--A ferry wharf owned by the Chesapeake Ferry Co. and used by its ferries operating between Willoughby Spit and Old Point Comfort, is the only commercial wharf located on Willoughby Spit. The wharf is connected with Ocean View and Norfolk by a concrete highway and an interurban electric line. (For further details see H. Doc. No. 507, 70th Cong., 2d sess.) Operations and results durin fiscal year.-The operations during the year consisted of surveys and inspections of work completed during fiscal year 1931. The total cost for the fiscal year was $378.24, all of which was for surveys chargeable to, new work. The total expenditure was $1,510.76, of which $1,132.52 was for the payment of liabilities out- standing June 30, 1931. Condhtion at end of fiscal year.-The project was completed in June, 1931. The controlling depth at the last examination, June, 1931, was 10 feet at mean low water. The total cost of the existing project at the end of the fiscal year was $8,500, all of which was for new work. The total expenditure was $8,500. Proposed operation .- No funds are available and no operations are proposed during the fiscal year 1933. The sum of $5,000 can be profitably expended during the fiscal year 1934, and will be applied to maintenance dredging, by contract, during June, 1934. Commercial statistics.-Traffic on Willoughby Channel consists of ferries operated by the Chesapeake Ferry Co. between Willoughby Spit and Old Point Comfort, Va., a distance of approximately 2.8 miles, making 12 round trips per day. There were 372,394 pas- sengers carried during the calendar year 1931 and 94,860 automobiles and other vehicles. Cost and ftnanioal summary Cost of new work to June 30, 1932----------------------------------- $8, 500 Cost of maintenance to June 30, 1932 Total cost of permanent work to June 30, 1932 ------------- 8, 500 -------------------------- Net total expenditures .---..-----------. 8, 500 Total amount appropriated to June 30, 1932 ------------- _---------_ 8, 500 Fiscal year ending June 30 1928 1929 1930 1931 1932 Cost of new work ..... .. I.......... $8,121. 76 Cost ofmaintenance------.---.............................. $378.24 Total expended..........-------------------------------------------............---------............ 6, 989. 24 1, 510.76 Allotted...... ------------------- ----------------- ----------------8,500. 00 ............ RIVERS AND HARBORS---NORFOLK, VA., DISTRICT 483 Balance unexpended July 1, 1931------------------------- ---- $1, 510. 76 Gross amount expended-------- ----------------------------- 1, 510. 76 Amount that can be profitably expended in fiscal year ending June 30, 1934, for maintenance----------------------------------5, 000.00 6. APPOMATTOX RIVER, VA. Location and description.-This river, a tidal stream, rises in Appomattox County, Va., flows northeasterly 137 miles, and empties into the James River at Hopewell, Va. The portion under improve- ment extends from its mouth to Petersburg, Va., a distance of 11 miles, which is the length of the tidal reach. The drainage area is 1,610 square miles, of which 1,340 square miles are above Petersburg. The low-water discharge at Petersburg is estimated at 50 second- feet, and the maximum for a gage height of 17.1 feet above mean low water is roughly estimated at 60,000 second-feet. The river's width between banks is 0.8 mile at the mouth and 200 feet at Peters- burg. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Chart No. 531.) Originalcondition.-The channel was narrow, tortuous, obstructed by shoals, and about three-tenths mile longer than at present, or about 11.3 miles. The minimum usable low-water depth was about 31/2 feet. The head of navigation for all purposes was at Petersburg. Previous projeets.-None. Prior to the adoption of a project, the sum of $22,500, appropriated in 1852, was expended in making an elaborate survey of the river. Existing project.-This provides for a navigable channel 80 feet wide and 10 feet deep at mean low water between the mouth of the river and Petersburg, the head of navigation, a distance of 11 miles, and a turning basin at Petersburg; for a dam at Petersburg and the excavation for a width of from 200 to 300 feet of a diversion chan- nel connecting the river above the dam at Petersburg with the river at a point 21/2 miles below; for about 1.7 miles of levees on the low grounds between the navigable and diversion channels; for a high- way bridge and a railway bridge across the diversion channel; and for other work incidental to the diversion channel. Under ordinary conditions the mean tidal range is 2.9 feet and the extremes 2.4 and 3.3 feet. There are no records available of the heights of stage due to ordinary floods. These are estimated at 6 to 8 feet above mean low water at Petersburg, where the extremes are from 15.6 to 17.1 feet. The estimated cost of the navigable channel, revised in 1927, is $578,136 for new work2 and the estimated cost (1909) of the diver- sion channel and work inddent to its construction was $260,000. The estimated cost of maintenance (1927) of the navigable channel is $6,500 annually. The existing project was authorized by the following river and harbor acts: The acts of June 13, 1902, and March 3, 1909, provided for work pertaining to the diversion scheme (H. Doc. No. 139, 56th Cong., 2d sess.); the act of March 3, 1871, provided for a navigable channel 60 feet wide and 12 feet deep at mean high water (A. R. 1874, Pt. II, p. 54) ; the act of June 25, 1910, provided for increasing the width of the navigable channel to 80 feet and for the mainte- nance of the diversion works at Petersburg (H. Doc. No. 952, 60th Cong., 1st sess.); and the act of January 21, 1927, provided for 484 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1932 increasing the depth from 12 feet at mean high water to 10 feet at mean low water an increase of 11/2 feet (H. Doc. No. 215, 69th Cong., 1st sess.). ihe latest published map is in House Document No. 952, Sixtieth Congress, first session. Recommended mod fclations of project.-None. Local cooperation.-'The only work known to have been done on the river for the benefit of the public with funds supplied by sources other than Congress was by the city of Petersburg. The total amount reported expended by the city since 1866 is approximately $1,578,620. The expenditure was voluntary and is understood to have been for channel improvement. As the city's records are incom- plete, this amount can not be verified. The river and harbor act approved January 21, 1927, in adopting the modification of the existing project imposes the condition that local interests shall furnish, without cost to the United States, suit- able areas for the disposal of dredged material. This condition has been complied with. Terrainal facilities--All wharves and terminals served by the Appomattox are situated on the river front at Petersburg. The wharves constitute a continuous timber bulkhead on piling and have an aggregate length of about 2,313 feet, with present available depths of 5 to 6 feet at mean low.water. About 925 linear feet of the wharf frontage belonging to the city, and 700 linear feet belonging to cor- porations and individuals, are 6pen to the public at moderate wharf- age charges. The remaining 688 linear feet belong to corporations and individuals and are for private use. A railroad siding, extend- ing for almost the entire length of the wharf front, furnishes a means of transfer between the wharves and the railroads. None of the public wharves is provided with mechanical appliances to facilitate the handling of freight. Theterminal facilities are considered ade- quate for the present river commerce. (For further details see H. Doc. No. 652, 66th Cong., 2d sess,) Operations and results during cfiael year;-Maintenance dredging under contract for the removal of a shoal at the mouth of Lieutenant Run was prosecuted between September 17 and 24, 1931. The mate- rial removed, 6,418 cubic yards, place measurement, was deposited ashore on areas provided by local interests without cost to the United States. The total cost of the work was $3,382.87. Miscellaneous surveys were made during the year at a cost of $1,269.67. The total cost for the fiscal year was $4,652.54, all of which was for maintenance. The total expenditure was $6,901.64. Condition at end of fiscal year.-The existing project was com- pleted in January, 1931. The navigable channel, between the mouth and Point of Rocks, a distance of about 3.5 miles, has natural depths ranging from 10 to 30 feet at mean low water over widths in excess of the required width of 80 feet. Dredging operations for the attain- ment of a depth of 12 feet at mean high water (corresponding to a depth of 8.5 feet at mean low water) over a bottom width of 80 feet in the navigable channel between Point of Rocks and Petersburg was completed in 1912. Deepening this channel to the project depth of 10 feet at mean low water was accomplished between September, RIVERS AND HARBORS-NORFOLK, VA., DISTRICT 485 1929, and January, 1931. The diversion channel and the works incidental thereto were completed in 1921. The controlling depth in April, 1932, was 8.5 feet at mean low water at the mouth of Lieutenant Run at Petersburg. The head of navigation is Petersburg. Navigation is practicable throughout the year. The total cost of the existing project at the end of the fiscal year was $1,063,899.06, of which $830,151 was for new work and $233,748.06 was for maintenance. The total expenditure was $1,063,462.49, of which $768,462.49 was applied to the navigable channel and $295,000 was applied to the diversion channel. Proposed operations.--The balance available at the end of the fiscal year ($12,436.57) will be applied to payment of accounts pay- able and to maintenance dredging, by contract, as may be required during fiscal year 1933. Maintenance dredging is required annually for the removal of material carried down by freshets. Therefore the additional sum of $7,500 can be profitably expended during the fiscal year ending June 30, 1934, to be applied to maintenance dredging, by contract, between the mouth and Petersburg. Commercial statistics.-The traffic reported for the river during the .calendar year 1931 amounted to 130,791 short tons, valued at $1,958,556. About 71 per cent of the above tonnage was sand and gravel dredged at Cobbs Island, located 3 miles below Petersburg., The total tonnage was about 11 per cent greater and the value about 34 per cent less. The increase in tonnage was due chiefly to larger movements of fertilizer and sand, and the decrease in value due to a falling off of the more expensive commodities. There was one regu- lar line operating one steamboat triweekly between Norfolk and Petersburg the first eight months of the year, and the remainder of the year one barge between City Point and Petersburg making one round trip per day. Fertilizer materials, sand and gravel, and forest products were carried on barges and fish were carried to Petersburg on schooners. Comparative statement OCalndar Tons Value Passengers Calendar alue Passengers year year. 1927--------........ 27,729 $3, 294, 343 1, 951 1930.-------- 117,8 $2,960 145 688 1928------......-- 23, 235 2,934, 700 1, 960 1931-... 130,791 1, 958, 556 25 1929-------- 25,280 4,088,431 1, 056 Cost and financial summary Cost of new work to June30, 1932----------------------- 1 $852, 651.00 Cost of maintenance to June 30, 1932__--____-- -------- - 233, 748. 06 Total cost of permanent work to June 30, 1932----------,, 1, 086, 399. 06 Minus accounts payable June 30, 1932--- ---- ------------- 436. 57 Net total expenditures--.-------_-------------- - 1,085, 962. 49 Unexpended balance June 30, 1932--------------------------- 12, 436. 57 Total amount appropriated to June 30, 1932------- 1, 098, 399. 06 1$2,685.67 liquidated damages restored to costs. 486 REPORT oF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY 19 3 2 Fiscal year ending June 30 1928 1929 1930 1931 1932 Cost of new work ........ ..----------............ $7,069.88 $63,642.73 $17,001.68.......... Coat of nint.a.nce.......... $208. OS92 ........ -. 385. 39 $4, 62.64 'Total cost.....-------------------- 208. 9 7, 069.88 43, 642.7 17, 387.07 4, 652.54 Total expended-------.......----.......-------------- 155. 67 7, 129. 40 50, 860. 70 23, 029.57 6, 901. 64 Allotted.- ..-------- ..-------------------- 91,000.00 . .. --- ..--------------------- j. -2,299.24 Balance uniexpended July 1, 1931---------------------------- $21, 637.45 Deductions on account of revocation of allotment---------------- 2, 299.24 Net amount to be accounted for-__---. -- ___------19, 338. 21 . Gross amount expended ------------------------------------- 6, 901. 64 B3alance unexpended June 30, 1932------------ ---------- 12, 436. 57 Outstanding liabilities June 30, 1932---------------- 436. 57 ----------- Balance available June 30, 1932.--..--.. 12, 000. 00 Amount that can be profitably expended in fiscal year ending June 30, 1934, for maintenance- 7, 500. 00 7. PAGAN RIVER, VA. Location ad decriptio.--This river, a tidal stream, rises in Isle of Wight County, Va., flows northeast 10 miles, and empties into James River. The portion under improvement extends from Smith- field, Va., a distance of 5 miles above the mouth, to the 10-foot con- tour in James River, a total distance of about 6% miles. The length of the tidal reach is about 9 miles. The width between banks varies from 250 to 4,800 feet. It has a drainage area of about 76 square miles. The drainage at high and low water is not known. The channel dimensions are comparatively large and floods are negligible. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Chart No. 529.) Originalconditi .-- Four obstructing bars limited the usable mean low-water depth to 4 feet from the mouth of the river to Smith- field, and the channel for the entire reach was narrow and tortuous. The head of navigation for steamers was at Smithfield, 5 miles above the mouth. Rafting and logging were carried on 4 miles above Smithfield, making a total navigable length of 9 miles. Pre'vious projects.-These were adopted by the river and harbor acts of June 14, 1880, and March 3, 1905. The cost and expenditures on these projects prior to commencement of work under the existing project in 1910 was $20,671.01, all of which was for new work. For further details see page 1798 of Annual Report for 1915. Emiting project.--This provides for a channel having a least width of 80 feet and a depth of 10 feet at mean low water between the wharf of the Smithfield, Newport News & Norfolk Steamship Co. (formerly the Old Dominion Steamship Co.) at Smithfield, and the 10-foot contour in James River, a distance of about 6% miles. Under ordinary conditions the mean tidal range is 2.6 feet. No data for extreme ranges of tides are available. a Exclusive of available funds. RIVERS AND HARBORS -NORFOLK, VA., DISTRICT 487 The estimate of cost for new work, revised in 1920, exclusive of amount expended on previous projects, was $54,600. The latest (1928) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $3,000. The existing project was authorized by the following river and harbor acts: The act, of June 25, 1910, provided for widening the channel at certain bends or angles (H. Doc. No. 397, 60th Cong., 1st sess.), and the act of March 2, 1919, provided for the present dimen- sions of the project (H. Dec. No. 591, 64th Cong., 1st sess.). The latest published map is in the last-mentioned document. Recom~ended modifications of project.-None. Local cooperation.-None. Terminal facilities.--There are 16 wharves or landings on this river, of which 14 are at Smithfield, Va., and 2 at Battery Park, about 1 mile above the river's mouth. All of these wharves are small wooden structures. The length of dockage available at Smith- field is about 1,100 feet, with depths of 3 to 10 feet, and the wharves at this point, with a few exceptions, are in poor condition. At Bat- tery Park the length of dockage is about 85 feet and the depth of water 11 feet. They are in fair condition. One wharf at Smith- fled is publicly owned and is open to general public use on equal terms, the remaining wharves being privately owned. The principal wharf at Smithfield belongs to the Smithfield, Newport News & Norfolk Steamship Co., and is not open to public use. The other private wharves are used by the owners in conducting their business and seven are open to the public at uniform rates of wharfage. Both wharves at Battery Park are privately owned and are not open to general public use. No wharves on this stream have railroad connection. The Smithfield wharves are connected with the town by a partly improved road. The Battery Park wharves also have a partly improved road leading to them. The facilities are consid- ered adequate for present and prospective requirements. (For fur- ther details see H. Doc. No. 652, 66th Cong., 2d sess.) Operations and results during fiscal ,year.-Maintenancedredging under contract between the mouth and Smithfield was begun on May 13, 1932, and continued to the end of the fiscal year, when the con- tract was about 55.42 per cent completed. There were removed 97,885 cubic yards of material, place measurement, restoring 10,900 linear feet of channel to project dimensions. The material was de- posited ashore on areas arranged for by the contractor with prop- erty owners without cost to the United States. The cost of the work was $19,198.14. Miscellaneous surveys were made during the fiscal year at a cost of $3,183.51. The total cost for the fiscal year was $22,381.65, all of which was for maintenance. The total expenditure was $10,665.44. Condition at end of fiscal year.--The existing project was com- pleted in 1923 at a saving of $23,846 under the estimated cost. The controlling depth at the end of the year was 8 feet at mean low water, this depth occurring in the channel between the mouth and the 10-foot contour in James River. The head of navigation is at Cofer Landing, 9 miles above the mouth. Navigation is practicable throughout the year. 488 REPORT OFi CHIEF-OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1932 The total cost of the existing project at the end of the fiscal year was $86,667.62, of which $30,754.48 was for new work and $55,913.14 was for maintenance. The total expenditure was $74,951.41. Proposedl operanio .-- The balance unexpended at the end of the fiscal-year ($26,334.56) will be applied as follows: Accounts payable June 30, 1932 -------- $11,716.21 Maintenance: Redredging for the restoration of project. dimensions between Smithileld and James River, under an existing contract, 78,753 cubic yards, during July, 1932,-----.------------------- 14, 618. 35 Total ..---------------------------------------------- 26, 334. 56 It is.belieyed that no funds can be profitably expended during the fiseal year ending June 30, 1934, as it is expected that the work now in progress .ill provide for the needs of navigation for a period of at least tw years,. Comci ai ata a i~as-The water-borne traffic reported for 1931 amounted to 7,859 tons, valied at $542,682. The abve tonnage is about 49 per cent less, and the value about 42 per cent less, than in 1930. There was a general falling off in all commnodities except fer- tilizer. Package freight was carried by ne motor boat making six round trips per week between Smithfield and Nordfolk,'Va, SO auprative statement Vessel traffic Rafted Total Calendar year , Passen- Tons Value Tons Value Tons Value 1927 ---......- .... 14,401 $889, 345 3, 503 $17, 510 17,964 $906, 860 13, 771 1928_ .------.... . 14,0710 956,620 1, 683 8,415 16, 393 965, 035 9, 464 1929-.------- 17, 086 911,091 1,860 4, 748 18, 946 915, 839 1,459 1930--------------- 11,945 908, 730 3,210 38,520 15,155 947, 250 526 1931 ......------------- ..... 5, 483 518,922 2,376 23,760 7,859 542,682 132 ost- and ftnasncial stmmary Cost of new work to June 30, 1932-------------------------- $51, 425. 49 Cost of maintenance to June:30, 1932--------------------------55, 913.14 Total cost of permanent work to June 30, 1932------------_ 107, 338. 63 Minus accounts payable June 30, 1932--.--- -- = 11, 716. 21 Net total expenditures.. ---. -------.-------- 95, 622. 42 Wnexpended balance June' 30 1932-------------------- ------- 26, 334. 56 Total amount appropriated to June 30, 1932____------- 121, 956. 98 Fiscal year ending June 30 1928 1929 1930 1931 1932 Cost of new work --------------------- ------------------ ----------- Cost of maintenance--------------.---- $557.33 $118. 26 _----------------$22,381.65 Total expended----..-....--.....---------.......... 557. 33 118. 26 ---------------- 10, 665.44 Alotted.-------.. -1, 300. 00 3,0000 -$3, 014.03 .......... -----------........... $37,000. 00 ... Balance unexpended July 1, 1931 -------------------- $37,000.00 Gross amount expended --------------- 10, 665. 44 Balance unexpended June 30, 1932- --. -, ----- , 26, 334, 56 Outstanding liabilities June 80, 1932-------------- $11,716. 21 Amount covered by uncompleted contracts-------..... 14, 618. 35 26,334. 56 RIVERS AND HARBORS-NORFOLK, VA., DISTRICT 489 8. NANSEMOND RIVER, VA. Location and description.-This river, a tidal stream, rises in Nansemond County, Va., flows in a northerly direction for about 25 miles, and empties into James River immediately above the mouth of the latter stream in Hampton Roads. The portion of Nansemond River under improvement extends from the mouth to a point 0.45 mile above the highway bridge atSuffolk, Va., a distance of about 18.66 miles. The stream is crossed by two other highway bridges between the mouth and Suffolk. Definite data are not available as to the length of the tidal reach, which extends for a considerable dis- tance above Suffolk. The width between the banks varies from about 150 feet to 11,000 feet. It has a drainage area of about 262 square miles. The discharges at high and low water are not known. Floods are negligible. The Western Branch is the principal tributary of Nansemond River. Its source is in the Great Swamp in Isle of Wight County, Va., and it flows in a southeasterly direction for about 8 miles and empties into the Nansemond at a distance of about 11.5 miles from the mouth. The area of its watershed is about 67 square miles, con- stituting about one-third of the entire drainage area of Nansemond River. The banks are generally marshy, and the stream is narrow and tortuous. Reids Ferry is located at a highway crossing about 2 miles above the mouth. (See U. S. Coast Geodetic Survey Chart No. 529.) Original condition.-The channel of Nansemond River was orig- inally narrow and crooked, with a controlling depth of about 4 feet at mean low water. The head of navigation for all purposes was) at Suffolk. No improvement of the Western Branch was made by the United States except by the removal from the channel in 1924 of obstructing logs, snags, etc. The channel was obstructed by a sand bar a short distance above the mouth, on which a depth of about 6 feet at mean low water was reported. The stream was understood to be navigable for vessels of 6 feet draft to Reids Ferry. Previous projects.-The original project for Nansemond River was adopted by the river and harbor act of March 3, 1873, and'modified by the act of June 18, 1878. The cost and expenditure on original and modified projects prior to the commencement of operations under the existing project was $37,000, of which $30,000 was for new work and $7,000 was for maintenance. There was no previous project for the Western Branch. For further details see page 1797 of Annual Report for 1915. Ecisting project.--This provides for dredging a channel between the mouth and the head of navigation, 0.45 mile above the highway bridge at Suffolk, a distance of about 18.66 miles, 12 feet deep and 100 feet wide, with a turning basin 200 feet square at Suffolk; and dredging a channel in the Western Branch between the mouth and Reids Ferry, a distance of about 2 miles, to a depth of 10 feet over a bottom width of 80 feet. Depths of channels are referred to mean low water. 490 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1932 The mean tidal ranges under ordinary conditions for different parts of Nansemond River are as follows: Suffolk Bridge, 3.4 feet; Newmans Point, 2.8 feet. The extreme ranges under ordinary con- ditions at the same localities are as follows: Suffolk Bridge, 2.8 feet to 4 feet; Newmans Point, 2.3 feet to 3.3 feet. The estimate of cost for new work, revised in 1930, exclusive of the amount expended on previous projects, is $135,000. The latest (1930) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $3,500. The existing project was adopted by the following river and har- bor acts: The act of August 11, 1888, provided for a channel in Nansemond River 12 feet deep and varying from 400 to 200 feet wide between Town Point, about 3.2 miles from the mouth, to the mouth of the Western Branch, 8.3 miles; 12 feet deep and 100 feet wide between the mouth of the Western Branch and the head of navi- gation and dredging a turning basin 200 feet square at Suffolk; and constructing spur dikes and training walls at the mouth of the West- ern Branch (Annual Report for 1887, p. 1001) ; and the act of July 3, 1930, provided for the present dimensions of the project (H. Doc. No. 184, 70th Cong., 1st sess.). For map see House Document No. 1246, Sixty-second Congress, third session. Recommended modication of project.-None. Local cooperation.-The river and harbor act of July 3, 1930, im- posed the condition that local interests should furnish, without cost to the United States, suitable areas for the deposit of dredged ma- terial. This condition has been complied with. Terminal facilitie.-At Suffolk, Va., there are four small pri- vately owned wharves and one long, continuous wharf, divided into three portions, two of which are private wharves and one is a public wharf, open to general public use. Between Suffolk and the mouth of the river there are about 11 wharves of pile and openwork con- struction, all of which are privately owned, but are open to general public use upon the payment of wharfage. The only wharf on this stream that has rail connection is the one controlled by the Norfolk Southern Railroad at Suffolk. The wharves at Suffolk are connected with the streets of that town, which are in fair condition. At the wharves along the river are ordinary county roads, in fair condi- tion except during bad weather. The facilities are considered ade- quate for existing commerce. (For further details see H. Doc. No. 652, 66th Cong., 2d sess.) Operations and results during fiscal year.-New work dredging under contract in progress at the end of fiscal year 1931 was con- tinued to August 8, 1931, when the contract was completed. There were removed 49,338 cubic yards of material, place measurement, from Nansemond River, completing 7,685 feet of channel; and 11,618 cubic yards, place measurement, from the Western Branch of Nansemond River, completing 2,800 feet of channel. The cost of the work was $22,794.11. New work dredging under contract in Nansemond River opposite Newmans Point between January 23 and February 11, 1932, re- sulted in the removal of 22,029 cubic yards of material, place meas- RIVERS AND HARBORS---NORFOLK, VA., DISTRICT '491 urement, and the completion of 2,800 feet of channel. The cost of the work was $6,643.75. The material removed under both contracts was deposited ashore on areas provided by local interests without cost to the United States or in adjacent waters at a minimum distance of 1,000 feet from the axis of the channel. Miscellaneous surveys were made at a cost of $1,887.21. The total cost for the fiscal year was $31,325.07, all of which was for new work. The total expenditure was $54,365.05. Condition at end of flecal year.-The existing project was com- pleted in February, 1932. Dredging operations in 1910 and prior years resulted in a channel 12 feet deep at mean low water and 80 feet bottom width between the highway bridge at Suffolk and the mouth, and a turning basin at Suffolk. The controlling depth was 9.7 feet in 1927. The dredging during the fiscal years 1931 and 1932 has resulted in a channel between a point 0.45 mile above the Suffolk highway bridge and the mouth having a depth of 12 feet at mean low water and a bottom width of 100 feet and a turning basin at Suffolk, downstream of the highway bridge, and a channel in the Western Branch of Nansemond River between Reid Ferry and the mouth, which has a depth of 10 feet at mean low water and a bottom width of 80 feet. The controlling depths at mean low water in February, 1932, were 12 feet in Nansemond River and 10 feet in the Western Branch. The head of navigation of Nansemond River is at its formation at the junction of Smiths and Cohoons Creeks, 19 miles above the mouth. Navigation is practicable throughout the year. The total cost of the existing project at the end of the fiscal year was $179,102.72, of which $137,477.11 was for new work and $41,625.61 was for maintenance. The total expenditure was $178,633.82. Proposed operations.-The balance unexpended at the end of the fiscal year ($3,468.90) will be applied as follows: Accounts payable June 30, 1932----- ----------------------- $468. 90 Maintenance contingencies-------------------------- 3, 000. 00 Total -------------- ----------------------------- 3, 468. 90 It is believed that no funds can be profitably expended during the fiscal year ending June 30, 1934, as it is expected the new work completed during the fiscal year 1932 will provide for the needs of navigation for a period of at least two years. Commercial 8tati8tice.-The tonnage of traffic on the river for the calendar year 1931 amounted to 401,124 short tons, valued at $481,687. The tonnage was about 39 per cent greater and the value about 211/2 per cent greater than in 1930. There was considerable increase in the shipment of mnarl, whic commodity comprised about 91 per cent of the total tonnage. The other chief commodities were brick shipped downstream and sand and gravel, petroleum products, coal, and seed oysters carried upstream. No. regular boat line has operated on the river for several years, and freight is carried on motor vessels, barges, and scows. 492' REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1932 Comparative statement Vessel traffic Rafted Total Calendar year Tons Value Tons Value Tons Value 1927_-------..-.-..... --...... -... 315, 385 $517, 312 528 $2, 665 315, 913 $519, 977 1928---------------------------- 253,931 599,995 -------------------- 253,931 599,995 1929--------------------------239,886 355,818 2,791 7, 302 242,677 363,120 1930--------------------------....................... 288, 272 388, 256 673 8,076 288,945 396,332 1931. -------------------------- 401, 124 481, 687 ---------------- 401,124 481, 687 Cost and financial summary Cost of new work to June 30, 19321_ __ $167, 477. 11 Cost of maintenance to June 30, 1932 .---- - --- -- --- 48, 625. 61 Total cost of permanent work to June 30, 1932_____________ 216, 102.72 Minus accounts payable June 30, 1932-..-..-- ---------- 468.90 Net total expenditures- - . -------- .-- --- 215, 633. 82 __- Unexpended balance June 30, 1932---------------------------- 3, 468. 90 Total amount appropriated to June 30, 1932 --------- ___ 219, 102. 72 Fiscal year ending June 30 1928 1929 1930 1931 1932 Cost of new work--..----- --------- ----------- ------------------- $63,505. 89 $31, 325.07 Cost of maintenance--............------.........----------.. $6, 227.48 $15. 28 ......-----------............------.....------------ Total expended.---------------------- 7,138. 51 -........ $15. 28 39, 966.05 54,365. 05 Allotted--.........------------------------ -3,000. 00 -497. 28 64, 800. 00 33, 000. 00 Balance unexpended July 1, 1931- -------- _-----_ __ $24, 833.95 Amount allotted from emergency construction act ap- proved Dec. 20, 1930-------------- ------------- $21,500. 00 Amount allotted from War Department appropriation act approved May 28, 1930----------- ------------- 11, 500.00 33, 000. 00 Amount to be accounted for- .---- -- _ ------ ---- 57, 833. 95 Gross amount expended-- ------------------------- 54, 365.05 Balance unexpended June 30, 1932--------------------- 3, 468. 90 Outstanding liabilities June 30, 1932_------------------------ 468. 90 Balance available June 30, 1932___ __-------------______ 3, 000. 00 9. WATERWAY FROM NORFOLK, VA., TO THE SOUNDS OF NORTH CAROLINA Location and description.-This water route extends south from Norfolk, Va., to Pamlico Sound, N. C., and consists of 7.5 miles of waterway in the Southern Branch of Elizabeth River, 3 miles in Deep Creek, 22.4 miles in the Dismal Swamp Canal, 4.4 miles in Turners Cut, 31.4 miles in Pasquotank River, 18.5 miles in Albemarle Sound, and 15 miles in Croatan Sound, a total distance of 102.2 1 Previous costs reduced $80.96, receipts not credited. 2 Increased $500 account previous work on tributaries under sec. 3, river and harbor act, July 25, 1912. RIVERS AND HARBORS---NORFOLK, VA., DISTRICT 498 miles. All of the waterways named, except the Southern Branch of Elizabeth River and the Dismal Swamp Canal, are included in the project. The Southern Branch of Elizabeth River and Deep Creek are tidal streams, while the other parts of the route are nontidal, with feeble currents. The Dismal Swamp Canal contains two looks, each 250 feet long and 39 feet wide. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Charts Nos. 1227, 1228, 1229, and 1231.) Original condition.--Priorto the adoption of the existing project this waterway had been maintained by private interests, and the channels had been allowed to deteriorate so that the controlling depth was only /2 feet at mean low water. Previous projects.--None. Eistingproject.--This provides for dredging the following chan- nels: Deep Creek, Va., 3 miles long; Turners Cut, N. C., 4.4 miles long; through a shoal in the Pasquotank River, N. C., near Ship Yard Bar, and through a bar in Croatan Sound near Croatan Light- house. A least bottom width of 80 feet and a depth of 10 feet at mean low water are the project dimensions of all the channels named. The limiting width of 80 feet applies to Turners Cut; the channels in Deep Creek and Pasquotank River have been dredged the project depths for widths of 100 feet, while the channel in Croatan Sound has been dredged to a width of 200 feet and a depth of 12 feet. The project also included the cutting of points at sharp bends in the Pasquotank River and the protection of banks in Turners Cut with sheet piling. In Deep Creek and the Southern Branch of the Eliza- beth River the mean tidal range under ordinary conditions is about 3 feet and the extremes 2.3 and 3.2 feet. The extremes of irregular fluctuation in these two streams due to combined effect of tides and wind, referred to mean low water, are about -2 feet and +7 feet. The remaining sections of the waterway are nontidal and not subject to flood. There are at times, however, variations of 1 to 2 feet in level, due to wind. The estimate of cost for new work, made in 1899, was $274,310. The latest (1928) approved estimate of cost for annual maintenance is $5,000. The existing project was adopted by the river and harbor act ap- proved March 3, 1899 (H. Doc. No. 317, 54th Cong., 1st sess., and Annual Report for 1896, p. 1086; and H. Doc. No. 131, 55th Cong., 3d sess., and Annual Report for 1899, p. 1485.){ The latest published map is found in House Document No. 391, Sixty-second Congress, second session. Recommended modikfiations of project.-None. Local cooperation.-None. Terminal fcil ities.-The northern end of this waterway is in Norfolk Harbort Va., the terminal facilities of which are described under this heading in the report on that improvement. There are three small privately owned wharves on the Dismal Swamp Canal, viz, at Deep Creek, Va., Wallaceton, Va., and South Mills, N. C., all of which are open to general public use without charge. At other points along the canal there are about seven small private warehouses, all of which are reported to be in bad condition, but which are occa- sionally used, without charge for wharfage, by passing boats for unloading supplies and loading farm products. There are three small private landings along the Pasquotank River, between the 494 REPORT OF CHIEF OP ENGINEERS, U. S ARMY, 1932 south endlof the canal and Elizabeth City, which are free to general peblie use. At Elizabeth City, N. C., there a~e 18 wlrvs,4 of which a eiublicly owned and are open to general publietf~e, and 14 df which are privately owned, of which latter8. are open to general pub; e us upon-the payment of wharfage, and 6 are for private use only, :'Below Elizabeth City there are two privately owned wharves on the east bank of the Pasquotank River, which are open to general puliec use: upon the payment of wharfage. All wharves on this waterway are either f! the bulkhead type or ,pen-pile work. The Norfolk Suthern: Railroad 'has physical connection with .its wharves at Elizabeth City. The other wharves at Elizabeth City are all connected with the street system of that city. Noother wharves along ~he wateway have physical connection with railroads, but are reached by .ordinary county roads. The facilities are considered adequate forexisting cmmerce. h (For' further details see H. Doc. No. 5,866th Cong., 2d sess.) Op ratio and 'of ibea&ut, duedriimg :iscal year.--Maintenance dredging in Turners cut, No th Carolina, immediately south the South Mills :Lock; with U. S. derrick barge No. 14, in progress at the end of fiscal :year 193I, was continued to January 25, 1932, when work Was suspendedt :There ,were removed 49,275 cubic yards of mate- rial, place measurement, completing.2,574 feet of channel. The ma- terial was deposited on the banks of the cut. The cost of the work was $12,037.90. Miscellaneous surveys were made at a cost of $820.81. The total cost for the fiscal year was $12,358.71, all of which was for maintenance. General JoeWheeler Dam. 275. 1 18.6 miles above Florence, Ala.......------------ 110 600 15 505 520 Rock............. (1)' 3, 575, 000.00 (1) y 285. 1 19.3 miles below Decatur, Ala---.......------ Lock B-----------..... --..........--- 110 600 10 520 530 ..---- do............. (1)a 1, 488, 000.00 (1) - Milton Bluff-...... 287. 7 16.7 miles below Decatur, Ala................ 110 600 11 530 541 ....----do............. (1) 3,195, 000.00 (1), Indian Creek Bar......... 321. 2 16.8 miles above Decatur, Ala ............-- 110 600 7 541 548 ....----do............. (1) 2, 200, 000.00 (1) Beards Reef---_......... 355. 8 2:3 miles below Guntersville, Ala.............. 110 600 16 548 564 ....---- do............. (1) 2, 890,000. 00 (1) 0 Mink Creek......-........ 374. 2 16.1 miles above Guntersville, Ala............. 1-10 600 11 564 575 ....---- do............. (1) 2,415, 000. 00 (1) 0 Belletonte..._. L........ 390.6 32.5 miles above Guntersville, Ala............. 110 600 8 575 583 ..--...- do............. (1) (1) Widows Bar........._ __ 408 56.1 miles below Chattanooga, Tenn........... 7110 7 600 9 7583 7 592 ....----do............. (7) 7 59,95, 000.00 (7) Hales Bar Lock and Dam. 431 33 miles below Chattanooga, Tenn......... 60 267 37 592 ' 629 ..--... do.......... * 236,388.87 100 1913 Sherman Hill............. 468. 7 4.6 miles above Market Street Bridge, Chat- 110 00 12 629 641 ----...do............. (1) 2,300,000.00 (1) Z tanooga, Tenn. United States Quarry..... 486. 4 22.3 miles above Market Street Bridge, Chat- 110 600 12 641 653 ....-- do.......... (1) (1) tanooga, Tenn. Sale Creek................ 494. 8 30.7 miles above Market Street Bridge, Chat- 110 600 10 653 663 -...-- .do -........... (I) (1) 2,130, 000.00 tanooga, Tenn. M:,, 1 Proposed dam, no work performed; estimated cost. f Will submerge existing Riverton Lock of Colbert Shoals Canal. $Actual cost. 4 Flight of 2 locks, authorized under section 124, national defense act of June 3, 1916 (H. Doec.No. 1262, 64th Cong., 1st sess.). . SWill submerge existing Locks Nos. 1 and 2 of Muscle Shoals Canal. O * Existing Lock B (Elk River Shoals Canal) to be reconstructed to provide 9-foot depth. Estimated cost shown is for reconstruction. Present Lock A will be drowned out. I 7 Existing dam will be reconstructed to provide 9-foot depth and size of lock increased. Estimated cost shown is for reconstruction. Present elevation of dam (626.2) is increased 3 feet at present by flashboaru,. Modification to provide 9-foot instead of 6-foot depth will be required, ' Actual cost to United States of existing lock; cost to power company was about $6,686,700, 03 Location Lock 0 Pool elevation Dimensions above mean sea Name Mil level Percent- Year Estimated above Distance from nearest town or mouth of navi- Character of foun- age of opened or actual cost dation comple- to navi- of each lock 0 mouth gable tributary Width Length " of avaa ble tion gation and dam cham- for full Lift Lower Upper ber width C 0 I 0 Feet Feet Feet Feet Feet Kelly Shoals.---------.-- 510. 8 46.7 miles above Market Street Bridge, Chat- 110 600 10 663 673 Rock---......... . (1) (1) $2,130, 000.00 I tatooga, Tenn. 1 Watts Bar................ 529. 9 37,9miles below Kingston, Tenn---....--------- 110 600 10 673 683 do............. .....-- (1) (1) 2, 130, 000.00 White Creek Island...... 543. 9 23.9 miiles below Kingston, Tenn.----------- -- 110 600 10 683 693 --....--do...........-------------. (1) (1) 2,130, 000. 00 I O Half Moon Island........ 550. 6 17.2 iles below Kingston, Tenn-------------. 110 600 10 693 703 --....--do-----------............. (1) (1) 2, 070, 000. 00 Ir Caney Creek Island-..... 562. 9 4.9 miles below Kingston, Tenn..-------------- 110 600 10 703 713 .--.. do-------------.............(1) (1) 2, 070, 000. 00 723 --..... do-------------.............(1) (1) 2, 070, 000.00 IO Seven Island Shoals...... 575. 1 7.3 miles above Kingston, Tenn -------------- 110 600 10 713 Sweetwater Island........ 584. 3 7.2 miles below Loudon, Tenn .............- 110 600 10 723 733 .....-do------------........... (1) (1) 2, 070, 000.00 I Rock Quarry Bar-......... 594. 3 2.8 miles above Loudon, Tenn.--------------- 110 600 10 733 743 -,do-------------............. (1) (1) 2,070,000. 00 Sister Island Shoals-----....... -- Coulter Shoals-------.....---...... 604.6 608. 6 13.1 miles above Loudon, Tenn--.----.------ 17.1 miles above Loudon, Tenn -------------- 110 110 600 600 10 10 743 753 753 --.. 763 do........-- ....-- do-------------.............(1) (1) (1) (I) 2, 070, 000. 00 2,070, 000.00 Iz I Rogers Island-----------............. 618. 1 26.9 miles below Knoxville, Tenn--....------ - 110 600 10 763 773 ..... do--...........----.-- (1) (1) 2, 040, 000. 00 Georges Branch----.......... 630.6 14.4 miles below Knoxville, Tenn --.............. 110 600 10 773 783 -.... do-------------.............(1) (1) 2, 040, 000.00 I Little River Shoals-...... 634. 9 10.1 miles below Knoxville, Tenn----------.............. 110 600 10 783 793 do....------------- (1) .....-- (1) 1,960, 000. 00 I1 Williams Island - ---------.. 638.6 6.4 miles below Knoxville, Tenn-------------............... 110 600 10 793 803 do....(1) .....-- (1) 1,960,000.00 I Proposed dam, no work performed; estimated cost. 02 .c RIVERS AND HARBORS-CHATTANOOGA, TENN., DISTRICT 1209 The extreme fluctuation in the stage of the river varies from about 49 to 55 feet below Riverton; from 30 to,53.4 feet between Riverton and Colbert Shoals; from 30 to 33 feet between Clbert Shoals and Florence; from 11 to 33 feet between Florence and Browns Island; from 30 to 48 feet between Browns Island and Hales Bar; from 21 to 54 feet between Hales Bar and Chattanooga; from 43.4 to 48 feet above Chattanooga. The estimated cost, exclusive of amounts expended on previous projects, is $74,709,000 for new work and $40,000 annually for the maintenance and operation of each lock and dam. Th existing-project- was adopted by the river and harbor act of July 3, 1930 (H. Doc. No. 328, 71st Cong., 2d sess.), which author- ized the appropriation of $5,000,000 for the prosecution of work on this project. The latest published maps are in the project document. Recommended modification of project.-Under date of December 7, 1931, a report was transmitted to Congress reporting on the prospec- tive cooperation offered by responsible interests under the Federal water power act in the program of construction recommended by the 'Chief of Engineers providing for the 9-foot project on the Tennessee River by means of high dams. In this report it is also recom- mended that the appropriation of funds be authorized for the con- struction of low navigation dams to provide 9-foot navigation from head of Colbert Shoals to the Hales Bar Lock and Dam below Chattanooga, at an estimated cost of approximately $22,500,000, which is- $17,500,000 in: excess of the present authorized appropria- tion. (H. Doc. No. 131, 72d Cong., 1st sess.) Local cooperation.-An act of Congress of April 26, 1904 (as amended by an act dated January 7, 1905), authorized the construc- tion by private interests of the Hales Bar Lock and Dam, the power company doing the work being granted t e use of the water power produced by the dam for a period of 99 years. The terms of the act require that this company purchase and deed to the United States, free of cost and within 12 months after its passage, all lands necessary to the successful construction and operation of the lock and dam, including flowage rights and rights of way to and from public highways; that the lock and dam be constructed and given to the United States complete and free of cost, except that the United States should prepare the plans, supervise the construction, and provide the lock gates and ironwork and machinery necessary to operate the lock when completed, at its own expense, and that the plans for the work be approved by the Secretary of War. The act further. requires- that the contractinge company shall furnish*the necessary electric current while its power plant is in operation to move the gates and operate the lock and to light the United States buildings and grounds free of cost to the United States; and that nothing shall be done in the use of the water from the dam or other- wise that shall interfere in any way with navigation. All the conditions imposed by the act have been complied with by the power company except the transfer of flowage rights incident to the construction of the dam. The department has held that such rights of flowage may be acquired and conveyed in the form of an easement or servitude on the land affected by the work, and it is 1210 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1932 understood that suits are pending between the power company and landowners covering flowage rights. The construction work of the power company has been completed and the lock put in operation, but several leaks under the dam have developed and final acceptance of the lock and dam by the United States is being delayed until the result of the company's efforts to stop them has been determined. The cost to the power company was. approximately $6,686,700, not including the power-house superstruc- ture, the hydraulic installation, the electric installation, or the transmission lines. The river and harbor act of July 3, 1930, requires no local coop- eration in the construction of the alternate system of low dams. It does, however, provide that in case high dams are built before the United States shall have built the projected locks and low dams which are to be replaced, the United States shall contribute to the cost of the substituted structures an amount equal to the estimated cost of the works of navigation for which substitution is made. Terminal fccilities.--A full and complete report of terminals along the Tennessee River in 1918 is contained in House Document No. 652, Sixty-sixth Congress, second session. Additional data is also con- tained in Transportation Series No. 2, 1929, Transportation in the Mississippi and Ohio Valleys. Modern river terminals, municipally owned, have been constructed at Chattanooga, Tenn., but the other public terminals are mostly unimproved landings. There are many unimproved private landings, most of which are open to public use without charge. Some of these have warehouses or sheds where the owners receive and care for freight at reasonable charges. There are also various river-rail transfers constructed by the railroads for interchange of freight, which terminals are generally open to the public without charge on shipments moving over the respective railroad owning same. The existing commerce is generally being handled at great disad- vantage, due to lack of more suitable wharves, transfer facilities, and warehouses, and this condition undoubtedly discourages the trans- portation of freight by river. Effect of improvement.--The work done under previous projects has lengthened the navigation season for 6-foot draft by about four months in the reach below Riverton, Ala. In addition, 4 feet is now available at extreme low water from the mouth of the river to the head of Wilson Dam pools and 3 feet thence to Guntersville. During the period December to June, 5 feet is usually available from the mouth of the river to Guntersville. Local movements of sand, gravel, and various other products have been facilitated in the pools created by existing dams and canals and by the improvement of some of the worst localities in the middle and upper sections of the river, but owing to the lack of dependable depths at various shoals within those sections, through navigation is not practicable during the entire year. No considerable increase in commerce, except for sand and gravel operations and other local movements, is expected until the 9-foot project, as provided in the act of July 3, 1930, is developed. Until this project is developed, no great increase in through traffic will be practicable. RIVERS AND HARBORS-CHATTANOOGA, TENN., DISTRICT 1211 Operations and resilts during fiscal year.-Above Chattanooga (188 miles) : The existing channel was maintained by dredging, dike construction, and the removal of snags and other surface obstruc- tions which had become a menace to navigation. Dredging was com- pleted at Russell Shoals, Louisville Bar, and Post Oak Shoals, in- volving the removal of 2,090 cubic yards of sand, gravel, and loose bowlders, and 2,019 cubic yards of blasted ledge rock, at a total cost of $19,169.51. Sixteen snags were removed at a cost of $247.94. Dike construction was completed at Colwell Bar, Layman Bar, Concord Shoals, Prater Bar, Russell Shoals, Cox Island Bar, Georges Bar, and Post Oak Shoals. This work involved the quarrying and placing of 17,562 cubic yards of rock in the construction of 9,075 linear feet of dike. The cost of dike construction was $54,380.98, all for maintenance. As an aid to navigation during low-water stages, the system of range boards and cross boards marking the navigable channel in this section (188 miles) was maintained at a cost of $2,007.22. All of this work was done with Government plant and hired labor. The total cost for this section was $75,805.65, all for maintenance. Chattanooga to Riverton (237.6 miles) : The existing channel was maintained by dredging and dike construction between Guntersville and Widows Bar Lock and Dam. Approximately 121,675 cubic yards of sand and gravel was removed from the channel between Guntersville and Crow Creek Island at a total cost of $65,660.27. A total of 2,106 cubic yards of rock was placed in McKee Island and Buck Island Dikes. The cost of dike construction was $11,991.41. Dikes were repaired at Tick Island, Willard Chute, head of Browns Island, Corn Island, and Kogers Island cut, involving the handling of 4,445 cubic yards of rock, at a cost of $18,408.09. Where required the channel was searched for bowlders at a cost of $2,588.29. Addi- tional channel marking by means of temporary range and cross boards was carried on at a cost of $2,682.55. Acquirement of right of way for roads to the Government reserva- tions at Locks 1 and 2, Muscle Shoals Canal, was completed at a cost during the fiscal year 1932 of $44.53. All of this work was done with Government plant and hired labor. One claim for flowage damages to land as a result of the construc- tion of the Widows Bar Dam was settled during the fiscal year at a cost of $107.51, and unsettled cases incurred a cost of $940.59. The total cost incurred to June 30, 1932, in connection with the Widows Bar flowage cases is $22,733, of which $1,048.10 was incurred during the fiscal year 1932. The total cost for this section was $102,423.24, all for maintenance. The total cost for the section above Riverton was $273,093.23, of which $94,864.34 was for new work and $178,228.89 for maintenance. The total expenditures were $279,164.16. Below Riverton (226.5 miles): Maintenance dredging was com- pleted at Green Bottom Bar, Turkey Creek Island, Mouth of High- land Creek, Leatherwood Shoals, Big Sandy Shoals, Beech Creek Island Shoals, and brought to 40 per cent completion at Riverton Lock approach. A total of 178,249 cubic yards of sand, gravel, and 1212 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 19 3 2 rock was removed. Channel at foot of Swallow Bluff Island was searched for high points above grade for a distance of 4,800 feet. At Petticoat Riffle 500 tons of stone was unloaded to be used as a bank revetment. All of this work was done with Government plant and hired labor. The total cost in this section was $111,649.20, of which $21,783.16 was for new work in connection with preliminary investigations under the 9-foot project and $89,866.04 for maintenance. The total expenditures were $81,089.28. Preliminaryinvestigations nder the 9-foot project.-Preliminary investigations were carried on in connection with the 9-foot project adopted by the river and harbor act approved July 3, 1930, consist- ing of hydraulic studies to determine the type of dam best adapted for each site, the preparation of project layouts and estimates of costs. Foundation test borings were made at Pine Bluff and Panther Creek sites and at low dam sites Nos. 2, 3, and 4, a total of 1,364.7 feet of borings being made. Survey of Pine Bluff Dam site was made, and that of Shannon Dam site partially completed. Piling tests were made at Aurora Dam site. Percolation experiments were carried on in connection with proposed Aurora Dam, stream flow data were compiled, and geological and other studies in connection with this project were made in the division office. This work was done by hired labor and Government plant at a cost of $21,783.16. Probings, wash borings, and diamond core drilling were completed at 11 lock and dam sites in the sections of river between Riverton and Wilson Dam, Ala., and between Chattanooga and Knoxville, Tenn. The probing and wash boring were done by hired labor and Government plant at a cost of $29,073.59. The diamond core drilling was done under contract. The drilling operations involved the pene- tration of 4,023.4 feet of rock and 3,103.6 feet of overburden, at a total cost of $42,197.52, of which the contractor's earnings amounted to $21,734.27. Of the amount expended for preliminary investigations the $21,- 787.53 for foundation test borings at Pine Bluff and Panther Creek sites and at low dam sites Nos. 2, 3, and 4, and piling tests, perco- lation experiments, compilation of stream-flow data and geological studies at Aurora Dam site, has been included in the totals for the section Below Riverton, while the $96,110.57 has been included under the sections Above Chattanooga and Chattanooga to Riverton. The total cost on the entire river during the year was $384,742.43, of which $116,647.50 was for new work and $268,094.93 for mainte- nance. The total expenditures during the year were $360,253.44, of which $242,355.34 was for maintenance of existing channel and $117,- 898.10 was for new work under the 9-foot project. Condition at end of fiscal year (previous projects).-Above Chat- tanooga: Under previous project the open-channel work for secur- ing a channel 150 feet wide and 3 feet deep at extreme low water was about 58 per cent completed. The minimum available depth in the section above Chattanooga is about 1 foot at extreme low water. RIVERS AND HARBORS-CHATTANOOGA, TENN., DISTRICT 1213 The river is usually navigable for 2-foot draft from December 15 to August 1, and for 3-foot draft from January 1 to June 1. Draft of 4 feet and over is occasionally practicable for short disconnected periods during high-water months, from January to April, inclusive. When the United States Geological Survey gage at Loudon reads 3.4 feet, 2-foot navigation is practicable, and for each additional foot of reading on this gage 1 additional foot of navigable water depth is available. Chattanooga to Riverton.-Under previous projects Hales Bar Lock and Dam was completed and placed in operation November 1, 1913, providing 6-foot low-water navigation up to Chattanooga, Tenn. (33 miles). Widows Bar Lock and Dam has been in opera- tion since 1925. The minimum available depth between Hales Bar and Widows Bar Dam is 4.5 feet. The limiting depth between Widows Bar Dam and Buck Island (43.5 miles) is about 11/2 feet at extreme low water. From Buck Island to head of Wilson Dam Pool (89 miles) 3-foot navigation is available throughout the year. The construction of Dam No. 2 (Wilson Dam), 2 9 miles above the railroad bridge at Florence, Ala., submerged Locks Nos. 3 to 9,inclusive, of the Muscle Shoals Canal and provided a depth of 9 feet for a distance of 14.7 miles. Between Wilson Dam and Colbert Shoals Canal 4 feet minimum depth is available; over miter sills at Riverton Lock, 6.25 feet; and in the open river over Colbert and Bee Tree Shoals, 1 foot. Dam No. 2 to Florence Bridge, Ala. (Dam No. 1).-The project is considered completed at a saving of $610,784.75 under the esti- mated cost. The present limiting depth between Dam No. 1iand Dam No. 2 is 7 feet, which is ample for existing and reasonably prospec- tive commerce. This depth may be increased to 9.5 feet when needs of navigation require it. Below Riverton.-Additional dredging is necessary at Riverton rock cut, mouth of Duck River, Duck River Suck, Bear Creek, Indian Creek, State Line Island, Big Bend rock cut, and head and middle of Swallow Bluff Island. The navigable depth of 5 feet, available when the Johnsonville gage reads zero and the lower gage at River- ton Lock reads 7 feet, is ordinarily available throughout the year, From December 15 to August 15, 6-foot navigable depth or greater is available. Nine-foot project.-Preliminary investigations were continued in connection with the project. The total cost of work since the project was modified in 1930 has been $889,797.06, of which $163,553.54 was for new work and $726,- 243j52 was for maintenance. The expenditures have been $773,423.20, of which $162,973.52 was for new work and $610,449.68 was for maintenance. In addition, $23,572.54 was expended during 1931 for maintenance, which applied to costs incurred on work under previous projects. Proposed operations.-The balance unexpended, including accounts receivable, at the end of the year, together with an allotment of $365,000, made during July, 1932, will be applied as follows: 1214 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1932 Accounts payable June 30, 1932-_ ------------------------ $21, 940.17 New work, preliminary investigations in connection with the 9-foot project, July 1, 1932-June 30, 1933------------------------- 135, 000.00 Maintenance: Above Riverton- Dredging, repair of dikes, and the removal of surface obstructions, July 1, 1932-June 30, 1933-------------------------------- $115, 772. 29 Maintenance of channel markers, July 1-Sept. 30, 1932 ------------------------------- 6, 500.00 Settlement of Widows Bar flowage claims as may be necessary during the fiscal year 1933 1, 000. 00 Below Riverton--- Maintaining channel by dredging, July 1-Nov. 30, 1932, and May 1-June 30, 1933_ .---- - 127, 999. 46 Snagging, July 1-Nov. 30, 1932 -------------- 5, 000. 00 Stream gaging in cooperation with U. S. Geo- logical Survey----------------------- 2, 000. 00 258, 271.75 Total for all work-... .-------------------- 415, 211.92 It is proposed to use the above funds at the rate of $34,600 pei month. Of the $135,000 for new work, it is contemplated that $32,500 will be spent for diamond-core drilling by contract. The work of maintaining channel by dredging, repair of dikes, and the removal of surface obstructions will be done with Government plant and hired labor. The additional sum of $1,300,000 can be profitably expended during the fiscal year 1934, as follows: New work: Preliminary investigations in connection with 9-foot project, July 1, 1933-June 30, 1934-------------. --------------- $200, 000 Part construction of 1 lock and low navigation dam between Riverton and Chattanooga, by contract, July 1, 1933-June 30, 1934 -------- ------------------------------------ 800, 000 Maintenance (by Government plant and hired labor) : Above Riverton- Dredging, repair of dikes, and the removal of sur- face obstructions, July 1, 1933-June 30, 1934.... $190, 000 Maintenance of channel markers, July 1-Aug. 31, 1933 -------------------------- ----------- 5, 000 Below Riverton- Dredging, July 1-Nov. 30, 1933, and May 1-June 30, 1934---------------------- ------- 105, 000 300, 000 Total for all work--------- --------------------- 1, 300, 000 Commercial statistics.-The principal commodities in this decrease of tonnage are sand and gravel from 2,215,681 tons to 1,112,520 tons; forest products from 187,579 tons to 94,975 tons; ores, metals, and manufactures of from 21,933 tons to 7,736 tons; vegetable food products from 7,504 tons to 4,250 tons; nonmetallic minerals other than sand and gravel from 24,696 tons to 20,294 tons; and chemicals from 2,809 tons to 464 tons. Sand and gravel constitute 89.41 per cent of the total tonnage; forest products, 7.63 per cent; and all other classes, 2.96 per cent. The total tonnage of car-ferry traffic between Guntersville, Ala., and Hobbs Island, Ala., a distance of 21.1 miles, during the calendar year 1931 amounted to 69,613 tons, or 57.70 per RIVERS AND HARBORS-CHATTANOOGA TENN., DISTRICT 1215 cent of that of the previous year. The decrease amounted to 51,027 tons. The following table gives a comparative statement of traffic for the calendar years indicated: Comparative statement TRAFFIC THROUGH LOCKS AND OPEN RIVER Vessel traffic Rafted Total Passen- Year gers Tons Value Tons Value Tons Value 1927-.. ---------------- 2, 089, 924 $9, 509, 947 64, 808 $588, 191 2, 154, 732 $10, 098,138 31, 115 1928-..-------. -----------... 2, 119, 283 7, 092, 808 53, 222 469, 957 2, 172, 505 7, 562, 765 21, 795 1929--............------------........2, 022, 930 6, 676, 731 22, 517 197, 720 2, 045, 447 6, 874, 451 5, 308 1930- ----- ---------- 2, 437, 932 5, 742, 504 27, 283 302, 074 2, 465, 215 6, 044, 578 160 1931--------- -------- 1, 222, 602 2, 565, 554 21, 753 118, 714 1, 244, 355 2, 684, 268 911 ADDITIONAL TRAFFIC Car ferry Car ferry Year Passengers Year Passengers Tons Value Tons Value 1927----------.......... 136, 787 $8, 824, 285 4, 260 1930---------- 120,640 $6, 360,762 ----------- ------- 1928-..... 97, 687 6, 491, 773 ------------ 1931---------- 69, 613 6, 560, 122 1929--------- 140, 093 8, 183, 075 Cost and financial summary Cost of new work to June 30, 1932- ---------------------- $14,170, 746.20 Cost of maintenance to June 30, 1932 1, 829, 672. 10 1------------------------ Total cost of permanent work to June 30, 1932---- 16, 000, 418. 30 Value of plant, materials, etc., on hand June 30, 1932---------- 484, 791.11 Net total cost to June 30, 1932------ ---------------- 16, 485, 209. 41 Plus accounts receivable June 30, 1932------------------------ 19, 128. 31 Gross total costs to June 30, 1932---------------- ---- 16, 504, 337. 72 Minus accounts payable June 30, 1932 ------------------ 21, 940.17 Net total expenditures ....--------------- ------------- 16, 482,397. 55 Unexpended balance June 30, 1932---------------- ---------- 31, 083.61 Total amount appropriated to June 30, 1932------------ 16, 513, 481. 16 Fiscal year ending June 30 1928 1929 1930 1931 1932 Cost of new work---------------------......................... $82,183.24 $68,196.20 $71,211.63 $46, 906.04 $116, 647.50 Cost of maintenance......-------------------142, 962. 99 160, 699. 85 178, 741. 42 458,148. 59 268,094. 93 Total cost-----------.-----------225,146.23 228, 896.05 249,953.05 505,054.63 384, 742. 43 Total expended- --------------------- 243, 776. 21 362,089.94 431,424.53 436, 742.30 360, 253. 44 Allotted-..-- ------------------..-- 187,916.07 408,064.64 402,800.00 472,233.00 -40,000.00 1 Debited with $796.19 net loss on plant adjustments. 140960---EN 1932-- 77 1216 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1932 Balance unexpended July 1, 1931----------_ - ____-------- $431, 337. 05 Amount allotted from emergency construction act approved Dec. 20, 1930-----------------..------- $19, 000.00 Amount allotted from War Department appropriation act approved Feb. 23, 1931--------- ... --. - - 20, 000. 00 39, 000.00 Amount to be accounted for_----------- --- --- 470, 337. 05 Deductions on account of revocation of allotment__ --- --- 79, 000. 00 Net amount to be accounted for-___- ---------- __ -- 391, 337. 05 Gross amount expended -------------------- 596, 616.57 Less: Reimbursements collected-------- $231, 061. 15 Receipts from sales--------------- 5, 301.98 236, 363. 13 360, 253. 44 Balance unexpended June 30, 1932--- -_____-___ 31, 083. 61 Outstanding liabilities June 30, 1932 _-.------------------ 23, 329. 46 Balance available June 30, 1932_- ---- ____-------__- -7, 754. 15 Accounts receivable June 30, 1932_ ..----------------- - 19,128. 31 Unobligated balance available June 30, 1932 .--------- 26, 882. 46 Amount allotted from War Department appropriation act ap- proved July 14, 1932--------------- -------------------- 365, 000. 00 Balance available for fiscal year 1933-- ------- --- 391, 882.46 Amount (estimated) required to be appropriated for completion of existing project ------------------------------------- 4, 701, 000. 00 Amount that can be profitably expended in fiscal year ending June 30, 1934: For new work * -------------------- __ -1, 000, 000. 00 For maintenance 12----- ------ _ 300, 000. 00 Total ------ --------------- 1, 300, 000. 00 2. OPERATING AND CARE OF CANALS AND LOCKS AND DAMS ON TENNESSEE RIVER The above forms part of the project for the Tennessee River. See pages 1202 to 1216, where general information regarding the im- provement can be found. The work carried on is the operation and maintenance of the fol- lowing canals and locks and dams which have been operated and maintained under the permanent indefinite appropriation since the dates stated below: Hales Bar Lock and Dam, November 1, 1913; Widows Bar Lock and Dam, October 1, 1925; Muscle Shoals Canal, 1890; Lock and Dam No. 2 (Wilson Dam), June, 1927; Dam No. 1, March 1, 1926; Colbert Shoals Canal, November, 1911. Operations and results during flecal year.--The locks were oper- ated, and lock buildings, grounds, and equipment were cared for and maintained by hired labor. At Hales Bar Lock and Dam minor repairs were made to sluice valve machinery. Repairs and improvements were made to the Government road connecting to the county highway. ' Exclusive of available funds. SEstimated cost to complete 9-foot project, $74,709,000. Expenditures limited by law to $5,000,000. RIVERS AND HARBORS-CHATTANOOGA, TENN., DISTRICT 1217 At Widows Bar Lock and Dam repairs were made to the upper river side lock gate which was damaged when struck by a small gasoline-driven towboat. The lock gate operating machinery was cleaned, oiled, and painted. Repairs and improvements were made to the Government-owned road. At Muscle Shoals Canal minor repairs were made to the lockmen's houses at each of the four locks. At Locks A and B the lock gates were cleaned and painted. At Lock B repairs were made to one of the upper gate A-frames which was broken when struck by a barge in tow of a privately operated towboat. At Lock 1 repairs were made to walkways on lock gates. At Lock 2 a lower sluice-valve frame was repaired. A total of 48,580 cubic yards of mud was dredged from the canal between Locks 1 and 2 at a cost of $9,197.24. At Dam No. 2 (Wilson Dam), the floating guard gates were spot painted, and the lower portion of the middle lock gates was painted. The bascule bridge over lock was cleaned and painted, and a portion of the wooden flooring on the bridge was renewed. Repairs were made to roadway crossing gate at bascule bridge. At Lock and Dam No. 1 the lock wall light reflectors were painted. A total of 21,870 cubic yards of mud was dredged from the canal between Locks and Dams Nos. 1 and 2 at a cost of $7,877.21. At Colbert Shoals Canal the upper lock gates and lower guard gates were repaired and painted. The gate-operating machinery and sluice valves were cleaned and greased. The total costs for the fiscal year were $78,647.87. The total ex- penditures were $85,830.22. Condition at end of fiscal year.-Structures were all in good con- dition. Dredging is required only in Muscle Shoals Canal during 1933. The total amount expended from the permanent indefinite appro- priation for operation and care was $2,656,639.05. Proposed operations.-The locks and dams will be operated and maintained under allotments from the permanent indefinite appro- priation provided by section 6 of the river and harbor act of March 3, 1909. Commnercial statistics.-See report for improvement of the Ten- nessee River, page 1214. Cost and flancial summary Cost of maintenance to June 30, 1932 1----------------- $2, 654, 460. 37 Value of plant, materials, etc., on hand June 30, 1932---- ------- 2,773. 68 Net total cost to June 30, 1932- ------------------- 2, 657, 234. 05 Plus accounts receivable June 30, 1932--------------------- ---- 36. 92 Gross total costs to June 30, 1932 - -----------------2, 657, 270. 97 Minus accounts payable June 30, 1932 ------------------------ 631. 92 Net total expenditures_--------------------------- 2, 656, 639. 05 Unexpended balance June 30, 1932_------------------------- 2, 683. 69 Total amount appropriated to June 30, 1932.-----------2, 659, 322. 74 x Increased $71 account previous cost adjustment. 1218 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1932 Fiscal year ending June 30 1928 1929 1930 1931 1932 Cost of new work--..............._ __ __. .... . . ..... Cost of maintenance---- --------------- $65, 971.51 $65, 858. 03 $82, 001.36 $84, 702. 60 $78, 647.87 Total expended--------------------------.. 63, 416.04 71, 543. 29 80, 296. 27 78, 554.09 85, 830.22 Allotted.--------------.. - -------------- 70,000.00 68, 322.00 79, 123.00 90,000.00 69,000.00 Balance unexpended July 1, 1931-----------------____-- $19, 513.91 Amount allotted from permanent indefinite appropriation, sec. 6, river and harbor act, Mar. 3, 1909 ,___ _69, 000. 00 Amount to be accounted for ___-___-___-_________-__ 88, 513.91 Gross amount expended-------------------------- $88, 556.59 Less: Reimbursements collected------------ $2,714. 37 Receipts from sales-- 12. 00 2, 726. 37 85, 830. 22 Balance unexpended June 30, 1932_ ..__.____.. 2, 683. 69 Outstanding liabilities June 30, 1932-- .... - 1,959. 07 Balance available June 30, 1932__...____ __--_____- 724. 62 Accounts receivable June 30, 1932_-_-_-- -___ -__________- - 36. 92 Unobligated balance available June 30, 1932------- 761.54 Amount allotted for fiscal year 1933 -- ____--------- 69, 000. 00 Balance available for fiscal year 1933___--------.---- - 69, 761. 54 3. TENNESSEE RIVER, DAM NO. 2, MUSCLE SHOALS, ALA. Location and description.-See corresponding paragraph under "1. Improvement of Tennessee River," page 1202. The section of river covered by this report known as the Muscle Shoals section flows in a westerly direction through the northern part of Alabama from the head of Browns Island (171 miles below Chattanooga, Tenn.) to Florence, Ala. (256.5 miles above the mouth of the river), a distance of 36.6 miles. The drainage area above Florence is 30,514 square miles. The discharge at Florence varies from about 8,000 second-feet at extreme low water to about 481,000 second-feet at extreme high water. At places in the Muscle Shoals which cover the greater part of this section, the current is rapid, exceeding 10 miles per hour, and the slope is as great as 15 feet per mile. The fall in the entire section is 134 feet, and the width between banks varies from 1,000 to 9,600 feet. (See U. S. Geological Survey topographical map of Muscle Shoals and Rogersville, Ala., quad- rangles.) Originalcondition.-This consisted of a series of rock shoals, with steep slopes, swift currents, and low-water depths as small as 6 inches, separated by pools of greater depths and slight slopes. The shoals were a complete barrier to upstream navigation at all times and to downstream traffic except at high stages and at great hazard. Previous projects.-None. - Eristing project.-This provides for the construction of two locks, a dam, and a power house 2.9 miles above the railroad bridge at Florence, Ala., securing a least depth of 9.5 feet at extreme low water RIVERS AND HARBORS-CHATTANOOGA, TENN., DISTRICT 1219 for a distance of 14.7 miles, and for the generation of electrical power for the production of nitrates or other products needed for munitions of war and useful in the manufacture of fertilizers and other useful products. The pool above the dam submerges Muscle Shoals Canal Locks Nos. 3 to 9, inclusive, constructed under a former project. The estimate of cost of new work, revised in 1923, is $45,800,000 for completion of locks, dam, and power house, and the installation of eight main units of a total capacity of 230,000 kilovolt-amperes. In 1925, $2,000,000 was added to this estimate for the purchase of transformers and the construction of high-tension switch yards, a utility building, etc., making the total estimated cost $47,800,000. Preliminary studies of plans, etc., were begun in the fiscal year 1918. Preliminary work, such as the construction of camp, roads, railroads, and coffer works, together with the purchase of equipment and supplies, was begun in the summer of 1918 and was well under way when work was suspended by order of the War Industries Board on August 21, 1918, and was not resumed until November 9, 1918. It was not until the beginning of the spring of 1919 that a sufficient force could be gathered together to resume operations satis- factorily. Construction operations on the lock and dam and power house were continued at full speed until about April 15, 1921, when, due to shortage of funds, work was gradually shut down, and on June 30, 1921, it was practically on a maintenance basis. Construc- tion operations on a small scale were resumed on July 15, 1922, with the balance of the funds allotted from the national defense act of June 3, 1916. Under date of August 26, 1922, an allotment of $600,- 000 was made by the President from the balance of the funds pro- vided by the national defense act, which enabled the work to be pushed more vigorously, and on October 1, 1922, when the funds appropriated by the act of June 30, 1922, became available, work was fully resumed. The work was carried on vigorously until the dam was completed and ready for operation. Although there are at present only 8 generating units installed at Wilson Dam, with a combined capacity of 260,000 horsepower, there is a provision for ultimate installation of 18 units totalling 610,000 horsepower. The following data relate to the new locks and the dam, similar data for the old locks being given on pages 1219, 1221, and 1222 of the Annual Report for 1917: Designation: Wilson Dam (No. 2). Location: 2.9 miles above Florence, Ala., and 259.4 miles above the mouth of the river. Length of locks available for full width: 300 feet. Width: 60 feet. Total lift of locks: 89 feet above lower pool, or about 96 feet above extreme low water in the open river. Depth on miter sills: 9.5 feet on lower sill below normal pool of Dam No. 1. Depth on intermediate sill, 9 feet; depth on upper sill, 12 feet below normal pool of Dam No. 2. Character of foundation: Limestone (Lauderdale chert). Kind of dam: Fixed, with movable crest gates 18 feet high. Type of construction: Concrete. Percentage of completion: 100. 1220 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGI EERS, U. S. ARMY, 1932 The ordinary and extreme fluctuations in the river are about 11 feet and about 31 feet, respectively. The existing project for the Wilson Dam (No. 2) and appurte- nances was adopted by letter of the President, dated February 23, 1918, under authority of section 124 of the national defense act of June 3, 1916 (plans of the Wilson Dam (No. 2), and appurtenances in H. Doc. No. 1262, 64th Cong., 1st sess.). For map see House Document No. 1262, Sixty-fourth Congress, first session. Recommended modifications of project.--None. Local cooperation.-None required by the terms of the appropria- tions. The counties of Lauderdale, Colbert, and Lawrence, Ala., have agreed to bear the cost of required changes in roads and bridges. Terminal facilities.-None. Operations and results during fiscal year.-Minor construction operations were continued throughout the year on the lock, dam, power house, and camp. Necessary repair and depot work was performed for plant operating under other allotments that do not own suitable facilities. Repairs, storage, and disposal of surplus plant and material was continued. Plant and material in the amount of $158.50 were sold. The total costs for the year amounted to $23,005.64 for new work. Net expenditures were $14,801.60. All operations were carried on by Hired labor and Government plant. Condition at end of fiscal year.-The project as a whole is more than 99 per cent complete. No further work is required under exist- ing project on the power house, lock, and dam sections. Consider- able surplus plant and material remain for disposal. Repair and depot facilities for river activities required for proper maintenance of floating plants are available and held in storage for installation at Wilson Dam. The total costs of existing project to end of the fiscal year were $46,576,803.03 for new work, $359,592.52 for maintenance, total $46,936,395.55. Expenditures under the existing project were $46,957,654.12. Proposed operations.-The balance unexpended, including ac- counts receivable, at the end of the year, will be applied as follows: Accounts payable June 30, 1932----- ------------------------ $3, 439.98 New work: Improving such temporary buildings as are required for semi- permanent use; to complete the improvement of roads and grounds; to remove all temporary structures and tracks; and to dispose of surplus plant and material, July 1, 1932-June 30, 1933-------------------- ----------------------- 26, 110.51 Total for all work------- -------------------- -------- 29, 550. 49 No additional funds can be profitably expended during the fiscal year ending June 30, 1934, the available funds being sufficient for completion of the project as authorized. Commercial statistics.--The usual draft of loaded boats handling all classes of traffic in this section of the river varies from 1 to 5 feet. The commerce consisted of forest products, coal, iron, and steel. The following table gives a comparative statement of traffic for the calendar years indicated: RIVERS AND HARBORS-CHATTANOOGA, TENN., DISTRICT 1221 Comparative statement Vessel traffic Rafted Total Year YearPassen- J ge_ gers Tons Value Tons Value Tons Value 19271 _ $23, 637 --.-----------.. ___------------------------3,719 --. 3,719 $23,537 208 1928.....-------------------------4,504 26,327 -----....--..- 4, 504 26, 327 274 1929--..----------------------- 4, 625 71, 080 23 $420 4,648 71, 500 -------- 1930.--..-------------.. - .... 2,852 20, 047 -------------- 2, 852 20, 047 -------- 1931...------------------------- 1,104 30,920 ----------------- 1,104 30, 920 -------- 1 Traffic for 7 months; lock open to navigation June 1, 1927. The decrease in tonnage is due to decreased shipments of forest products and coal. However, there is a marked increase in ship- ments of iron and steel, which accounts for the increase in value. Cost and financial summary Cost of new work to June 30, 1932---------------------- $46, 576,803.03 Cost of maintenance to June 30, 1932----------------------- 359, 592. 52 Total cost of permanent work to June 30, 1932--------- 46,936, 395. 55 Valule of plant, materials, etc., on hand June 30, 1932---------- 24, 538. 21 Net total cost to June 30, 1932-- ------------------- 46, 960, 933. 76 Plus accounts receivable June 30, 1932 ------------------------ 160. 34 Gross total costs to June 30, 1932 ------------------- 46, 961, 094.10 Minus accounts payable June 30, 1932----- ----------------- 3, 439. 98 Net total expenditures-------------------------- Unexpended balance June 30, 1932------------------------ -- 46,957,654.12 29,390. 15 Total amount appropriated to June 30, 1932------------__ 46, 987, 044. 27 Fiscal year ending June 30 1928 1929 1930 1931 1932 Cost of new work_...---__..-----------1-$428, 055. 00 $150, 560.33 $18,537.65 $26, 886.01 $23, 005.64 Cost of maintenance-------------------- ---------- ----------- ------------ ----------- ------------ Total expended_-...--------------------. . 473, 797. 37 99,272. 52 22, 039. 34 11, 079.59 14, 801.60' Allotted. -------------------------------------- 22, 700. 03 ---..--.. .'. ... --- 000.00 -750, Balance unexpended July 1, 1931----------- --------------- $794, 191. 75 Deductions on account of revocation of allotment __________-- 750, 000.00 Net amount to be accounted for--- ------------------- 44, 191. 75 Gross amount expended--- ---------------------- $21,587. 26 Less: Reimbursements collected------------ $6, 627.16 Receipts from sales---------- -------- 158. 50 6, 785. 66 14, 801. 60 Balance unexpended June 30, 1932 ----------------------- 29, 390.15 Outstanding liabilities June 30, 1932 .-------------------------- 5, 967. 28 Balance available June 30, 1932------------------- 23, 422.87 Accounts receivable June 30, 1932------------------------------ 160. 34 Unobligated balance available June 30, 1932- ------ 23, 583.21 1222 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1932 4. OPERATION, MAINTENANCE, AND REPAIR OF DAM NO. 2, TENNES- SEE RIVER, INCLUDING THE HYDROELECTRICAL DEVELOPMENT The improvement for which report is made under this caption forms part of the project for improvement of the Tennessee River, Browns Island to Riverton. (See p. 1202 of this report, where gen- eral information regarding the improvement can be found.) The dam and' hydroelectrical development have been operated and main- tained since April 1, 1926, under appropriations provided by Congress. Operations and results during fiscal year.--The hydroelectric de- velopment was operated and maintained in excellent condition throughout the year. The plant furnished all energy used for the navigation locks, residences, and works at Dam No. 2 and delivered energy to the Alabama Power Co. and the Southern Tennessee Power Co. under existing agreement. The turbines and generators were inspected, cleaned, and painted wherever necessary. Eroded portions of pitted water wheels were built up by electric welding. Minor repairs were made to the auxiliary generating unit. Minor altera- tions were made in the turbine governor fluid system. Work of sand-blasting and painting the turbine intake screens was completed. Work of checking turbine wheel-gate leakage was completed. The enamel and paint on the 58 spillway gates were renewed where nec- essary. The spillway gate caisson was cleaned and painted. One of the high-tension transformers, damaged by lightning, was repaired and replaced in service. Roads, grounds, and tracks were improved and maintained. Drift and overhanging timber were removed from shore line of the pool. Malaria-control work in cooperation with the State authorities was carried on during the mosquito breeding season. Residences and semipermanent office and work buildings were maintained and repaired as necessary. A general program of painting and repairing permanent residences, dormitory, and garages was carried on. Electrical circuits and equipment were maintained and repaired. A small combination guard and fire-fighting force was maintained. General drafting and engineering work, cost-keep- ing, accumulation of gage and electric-power data, and routine office and warehouse work were carried on throughout the year. Pronounced drought conditions along watersheds of the southeast- ern power companies resulted in a large demand for Wilson Dam energy during the first half of the fiscal year. During a large part of this period the Wilson Dam plant furnished energy to the full extent of the river flow. The maximum 30-minute station peak for the year was 134,325 kilowatts, and the maximum 24-hour generation was 2,812,100 kilowatt-hours. Net expenditures for the year for operation, maintenance, and repair amounted to $247,561.36. Condition at end of fiscal year.-The existing project of eight hydroelectric units with a combined rating of 230,000 kilovolt am- peres and four step-up transformer banks with a combined rating of 260,000 kilovolt amperes (all that were to be installed at this time) is completed and operating satisfactorily as energy is required. The output, except that required for camp and works at Dam No. 2, is sold to the Alabama Power Co. under the existing agreement. Following is a statement of the output with its disposition and revenue received during the fiscal year: RIVERS AND HARBORS-CHATTANOOGA, TENN., DISTRICT 1223 Power used by United States 2, Dam No. Energy de- Total gen- Dam No 2, United livered to erated Hydro- construe- States Alabama Revenue electric tion, navi- Nitrate Total Power Co. plant gation locks, and Plant No 2 camp Kilo- Kilowatt- Kilowatt- Kilowatt- watt- Kilowatt- Kilowatt- 1931 hours hours hours hours hours hours July--------------- 70, 943, 600 519, 704 69, 896 59, 673 649,273 70, 294, 327 $140, 588. 65 August--_ _ 54, 978, 500 409, 220 54, 280 63, 376 526, 876 54, 451, 624 108, 903. 25 September...----- -- 44, 895, 100 504, 607 51, 493 60, 138 616,238 44, 278, 862 88, 557.72 October----_ .....-.- 35, 718, 900 497, 152 76, 748 64, 057 637, 957 35, 080, 943 70, 161.89 November ---------- 34, 961, 400 458, 480 103, 920 71, 944 634, 344 34, 327, 056 68, 654.11 December ---------- 11, 653, 600 445, 730 154, 870 85, 871 686, 471 1 11, 524, 129 23, 048. 26 1932 January...------__ - 4, 985, 100 486, 856 153, 744 87, 617 728, 217 4, 256, 883 8, 513.77 February----------- 4, 595, 400 418, 314 139, 586 73, 277 631, 177 3, 964, 223 7, 928. 45 March.-------------- 8, 405, 800 463, 976 154, 824 76, 477 695, 277 7, 710, 523 15, 421.05 April----------.. 5, 095, 200 382, 753 85, 447 67, 465 535, 665 4, 559, 535 9, 119. 01 May.------....4, 751, 900 281, 922 85, 978 62, 692 430, 592 4, 321, 308 8, 642. 61 June---,-.......------ 5, 232, 900 247,000 61,900 56,800 365,700 4, 867, 200 9,734.40 286, 217, 400 5, 115, 714 1, 192, 686 829, 387 7, 137, 787 1 279, 636, 613 559, 273.24 1 Includes an item of 557,000 kilowatt-hours unbalanced power transmitted between Alabama apd Southern Tennessee Power Co. during a test period. This energy was billed to the Alabama Power Co. at the usual rate. The total expenditures from the appropriation for maintenance, operation, and repair from April 1, 1926, to June 30, 1932, amounted to $1,487,842.74. The total revenue has amounted to $4,402,755.20. Proposed operations.--The balance unexpended, including ac- counts receivable, at the end of the year, together with an appro- priation of $245,184, carried in the War Department appropriation act approved July 14, 1932, will be applied as follows: Accounts payable and outstanding liabilities June 30, 1932-------- $6, 765. 84 Estimated amount to be revoked from appropriation for fiscal years 1931 and 1932---- ------------------------------------- 34, 279. 76 Maintenance: Operation, maintenance, and repair of the works at Dam No. 2, including the hydroelectric development, throughout the fiscal year 1933, pending final disposition by Congress.------- 245,184.00 Total -------------------------------------------286, 229. 60 In the absence of congressional action and barring serious accident to machinery and equipment, the additional sum of $245,184 can be profitably expended during the fiscal year 1934. Cost and ftnasncial summary Cost of maintenance to June 30, 1932---- ------------------ $1,368,664.97 Value of plant, materials, etc., on hand June 30, 1932----------- 115, 620. 22 Net total cost to June 30, 1932_------ -------- --------- 1, 484, 285. 19 Plus accounts receivable June 30, 1932------------------ 6, 317. 68 Gross total costs to June 30, 1932---- ----------------- 1, 490, 602. 87 Minus accounts payable June 30, 1932--------------------- 2, 760. 13 Net total expenditures----------- , 487, 842. 74 1------------------ Unexpended balance June 30, 1932-. . --------- 34, 727. 92 Total amount appropriated to June 30, 1932 522, 570. 66 1-------------, 1224 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 19 3 2 Fiscal year ending June 30 1928 1929 1930 1931 1932 Cost of new work.--------------------- -I.. . ..-.. . . .- . . . Cost of maintenance--- ------------------$205,101.53 $182, 450.84 $208, 437.81 $236, 247.81 $244,993.73 Total expended-------------------------....... 238,820.18 231,158.73 232,460.57 254,394.45 247, 561.36 Allotted------------------------------ 275, 000.00 269,445.60 228, 522.72 193,236.93 -43, 634.59 Balance unexpended July 1, 1931_----------__- - ______-_ -- $325, 923.87 Deductions on account of revocation of allotment___________ 43, 634. 59 Net amount to be accounted for---_---- ----------- - 282, 289. 28 Gross amount expended-------------- -________ $325,852.90 Less: Reimbursements collected- ..---- - $78, 287.14 Receipts from sales ------- __4. 40 78, 291. 54 247, 561. 36 Balance unexpended June 30, 1932 .... --- - ------- 34, 727. 92 Outstanding liabilities June 30, 1932_- -___- -----_-_--- 6, 765. 84 Balance available June 30, 1932_____----------...... 27, 962. 08 Accounts receivable June 30, 1932- ------- -- ---------- 6, 317. 68 Unobligated balance available June 30, 1932. ___.. 34, 279. 76 Amount appropriated by War Department appropriation act of July 14, 1932--___ - -__- -_______- 245,184. 00 Balance available for fiscal year 1933------------------ 279, 463. 76 Amount that can be profitably expended in fiscal year ending June 30, 1934, for maintenance 1 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 245, 184. 00 5. FRENCH BROAD AND LITTLE PIGEON RIVERS, TENN. The project is about 25 per cent completed. The work proposed below Dandridge is about 75 per cent completed, while practically no work has been done above Dandridge. No work was done during the year, no funds are available, and no work is proposed during the fiscal years 1933 and 1934, since the channel in its present condition is adequate for the needs of existing commerce. For further details see Annual Report for 1931, page 1319. Commercial statititic.--The usual draft of loaded boats operating on the French Broad River varies from 1 to 5 feet. The commerce consisted of sand and gravel. The following table gives a compara- tive statement of commerce for the calendar years indicated: Comparative statement Vessel traffic Rafted Total Year Tons Value Tons Value Tons Value 1927.------ ------------------- 121, 373 $220, 250 -------------------- 121, 373 $220, 250 1928-----------....................--------------264,405 264, 405 ...----- 264, 405 264, 405 1929--............-------..--------------....-- 222,714 222,714 ..........-.......... 222, 714 222,714 1930-----------..........---------------... 272, 956 232, 013 41 $246 272, 997 232. 259 1931...----------.........----------------217,132 184, 562 ---------- 217,132 184, 562 1 Exclusive of available funds. RIVERS AND HARBORS-CHATTANOOGA, TENN., DISTRICT 1225 The decrease in tonnage and value is due to decreased shipments of sand and gravel. Cost and financial summary Cost of new work to June 30, 1932 -------------------- ___ $249,604. 80 Cost of maintenance to June 30, 1932- ------ -____----- 33,554. 02 Total cost of permanent work to June 30, 1932 ------------- 283, 158. 82 Net total expenditures_- -- __ -------------- 283,158. 82 Total amount appropriated to June 30, 1932--------------283, 158. 82 Fiscal year ending June 30 1928 1929 1930 1931 1932 Cost of new work ...------ ._--_-------_ ----------- $32,000. 00 $7, 179. 40 $820. 60 ._ - Cost of maintenance----......... ...... -------- ----------......----.......------ . ...........- .....--------------------- Total expended----- ----------- ----------- 32,000.00 7,194.07 805.93-.. Allotted............._... ..-..- 40,-000.001------ Amount (estimated) required to be appropriated for completion of existing project_ .... _____-- - _____ - - - - ____ $576, 400. 00 6. EXAMINATIONS, SURVEYS, AND CONTINGENCIES (GENERAL) Operations under this heading comprise the making of preliminary examinations and surveys for navigation called for by river and harbor acts and by resolutions of the committees of Congress (not including those investigations provided for in H. Doc. No. 308, 69th Cong., 1st sess., or by sec. 10 of the flood control act of May 15, 1928) ; collection of commercial statistics; miscellaneous surveys, inspec- tions, and estimates; permit and bridge inspections; harbor-line studies; fish-net inspections; administration charges incurred in con- nection with inactive river and harbor projects; and minor routine navigation investigatons. The cost of work during the year amounted to $50,953.92; the expenditures were $52,284.65. The bal- ance unexpended June 30, 1932, together with accounts receivable and allotment of $37,000 made during July, 1932, will be applied as needed during the fiscal year 1933 to payment of expenses incurred in connection with the above items. The additional sum of $50,000 can be profitably expended during the fiscal year ending June 30, 1934. Cost and financial summary Cost of maintenance to June 30, 1932 ________________________ $139, 228. 09 Plus accounts receivable June 30, 1932----________-__________ 18. 40 Gross total costs to June 30, 1932_____________________ 139, 246. 49 Minus accounts payable June 30, 1932 -------------------- _ 3,241.13 Net total expenditures ------------------------------ 136, 005.36 Unexpended balance June 30, 1932 ___.. ______ -________-__ 3, 394. 64 Total amount appropriated to June 30, 1932_--------- 139, 400. 00 1226 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S.. ARMY, 1932 Fiscal year ending June 30 1928 1929 1930 1931 1932 Cost of new work -------------------- Cost of maintenance--------------------------- 17, 667.29 $11, 832.71 $58, 774.17 $50, 953.92 Total expended--------------------------------- 3,048.21 26,440.79 64,231.71 52,284.65 Allotted-----------....................------------------- 500. 00 29, 000. 00 25, 000. 00 75, 000. 00 9, 900. 00 Balance unexpended July 1, 1931---- --------- $45, 779. 29 Amount allotted from War Department appropriation act approved May 28, 1930--------------- ----------------------------- 9, 900. 00 Amount to be accounted for_--__--- -- _--------_-------- 55, 679. 29 Gross amount expended .---------------------- $56, 203.11 Less: Reimbursements collected__. -------- $3, 803.02 Receipts from sales____ -_________--115. 44 3, 918. 46 52, 284. 65 Balance unexpended June 30, 1932------------------------ 3, 394. 64 Outstanding liabilities June 30, 1932---------------- ----------- 3, 252. 00 Balance available June 30, 1932___--------------------------- 142. 64 Accounts receivable June 30, 1932--__------------------- ----- 18. 40 Unobligated balance available June 30, 1932_----------- - 161.04 Amount allotted from War Department appropriation act approved July 14, 1932---------- ---------.---- -- 37, 000. 00 Balance available for fiscal year 1933____------- __ -__37, 161. 04 Amount that can be profitably expended in fiscal year ending June 30, 1934, for maintenance 1 _ ----- - - __ __ 50, 000. 00 REPORT MADE IN COMPLIANCE WITH THE RIVER AND HARBOR ACT APPROVED JULY 3, 1930, AND AS RECOMMENDED IN HOUSE DOCUMENT NO. 328, SEVENTY- FIRST CONGRESS, FIRST SESSION Reports dated August 13, 1931, and November 13, 1931, by the division engineer, on prospective cooperation offered by responsible interests under the Federal water power act in the program of con- struction recommended by the Chief of Engineers providing for the 9-foot project in the Tennessee River by means of high dams were transmitted to Congress December 7, 1931, and printed in House Document No. 131, Seventy-second Congress, first session. Recom- mendation is made that the appropriation of funds be authorized for the construction of low navigation dams to provide 9-foot navi- gation from head of Colbert Shoals to the Hales Bar Lock and Dam below Chattanooga, at an estimated cost of approximately $22,500,000, which is $17,500,000 in excess of the present authorized appropriation. The local engineer was charged with the duty of making a pre- liminary examination and survey required by the river and harbor act approved July 3,1930, of the FlintRiver, Ala. and Tenn. Reports dated April 29, 1931, and June 5, 1931, by the district and division engineers on preliminary examination are held in abeyance by the Board of Engineers for Rivers and Harbors at the request of local interests. 1 Exclusive of available funds. RIVERS AND HARBORS-OHIO RIVER LOCKS AND DAMS 1227 Preliminary examinations of the following localities with a view to the control of the floods have been provided for by acts of Congress approved April 15, 1932, but no specific appropriation has yet been made available to be applied to these investigations. 11 Cataco Creek and its branches, Morgan County, Ala. 2. Flint Creek and its branches, Morgan County, Ala. 3. Flint River, Ala. and Tenn. OHIO RIVER For the actual construction of the new locks and dams and the operation and care of the completed structures and open-channel work the river is divided into four sections under the immediate supervision and direction of district engineers at Pittsburgh, Hunt- ington, Cincinnati, and Louisville. The Pittsburgh section extends from the head of the river at Pitts- burgh, Pa., to about mile 109 between Captina Island and Powhatan Point, a distance of 109 miles and includes Emsworth and Dashields Locks and Dams and Dams kos. 4 to 13, inclusive; the Huntington section extends from about mile 109 between Captina Island and Powhatan Point to about mile 317.5, just below the mouth of the Big Sandy River, Ky., a distance of about 208.5 miles, and includes Dams Nos. 14 to 28, inclusive; the Cincinnati section extends frolA about mile 317.5 just below the mouth of the Big Sandy River, Ky., to about mile 556.2, just above Madison, Ind., a distance of about 238.7 miles, and includes Dams Nos. 29 to 39, inclusive; the Louis- ville section extends from a point 50 miles above Louisville and 1.5 miles above Madison, Ind., to Mound City, I'll.,. a distance of 417.2 miles, and includes Dams Nos. 41 (with the Louisville & Portland Canal) to 54. District engineers: At Pittsburgh, Pa., Lieut. Col. Jarvis J. Bain, Corps of Engineers, to July 30, 1931; Capt. Harry W. Hill, Corps of Engineers, to September 16, 1931; and Maj. Wilhelm D. Styer, Corps of Engineers, since that date; Huntington, W. Va., Maj. Fred W. Herman, Corps of Engineers; Cincinnati, Ohio, Lieut. Col. R. G. Powell, Corps of Engineers, to September 15, 1931; and Capt. James D. Cleary, Corps of Engineers, since that date; Louisville, Ky., Lieut. Col. W. A. Johnson, Corps of Engineers. Sector engineer: Lieut. Col. R. G. Powell, Corps of Engineers, since September 15, 1931. Division engineer: Col. George R. Spalding, Corps of Engineers. IMPROVEMENTS Page Page 1. Construction of locks and 3. Open-channel work, O h.i o dams, Ohio River _______ 1227 River __------------ .--. 1242 2. Operating and care of locks 4. Operating snagboats on the and dams, Ohio River-... 1240 Ohio River below the Penn- sylvania State line------- 1248 1. CONSTRUCTION OF LOCKS AND DAMS ON THE OHIO RIVER Location and description.-The Ohio River is formed by the junc- tion of the Allegheny and Monongahela Rivers at Pittsburgh, Pa. It flows in a general southwesterly direction and empties into the 1228 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1932 Mississippi River at Cairo, Ill. The total length of the river is 981 miles. (See map published by the United States Engineer Depart- ment from the United States engineer office, Louisville, Ky., based on survey of 1911-1914, and revised for the section above Louisville, Ky., in 1930-31; scale 1: 7,200.) (The drainage area of the Ohio River is 203,900 square miles. At the head of the river the least measured discharge is 1,100 cubic feet per second, and the highest measured flood discharge is 440,000 cubic feet per second. At the mouth of the river the estimated low-water discharge is 27,500 cubic feet per sec- ond and the estimated maximum discharge 1,500,000 cubic feet per second. Low-water stage prevails generally for a period of about five months each year between the months of July and November, inclusive. High-water stage occurs usually during spring floods, but moderate freshets may occur at any season of the year, being of infrequent occurrence however, during summer and fall months. The river is nontidal Jthe flow is quite rapid on the upper reaches and perceptibly less rapid as it approaches the mouth. The average fall per mile at low-water stage between Pittsburgh and Wheeling, 90 miles, is 1 1/2inches; between Wheeling and Cincinnati, 380 miles, 51/2 inches; and between Cincinnati and the mouth of the river, 511 miles, 4 inches. At low water the drop at the Falls of the Ohio, Louisville, Ky., is 26 feet in a distance of 2 miles. The width be- tween banks varies from about 890 feet at a point 105 miles below Pittsburgh to about 5,910 feet at a point 963 miles below Pittsburgh, or 18 miles above the mouth of the river. [The extreme fluctuations of stage at different poinlts along the river due to floods, and the year in which they occurred, are indicated in the following table: Highest Highest recorded recorded Place stage Year Place stage Year above low' above low water water Feet Feet Pittsburgh, Pa..........-------------- 35. 5 1907 67. 9 Portsmouth, Ohio----............. 1913 Beaver, Pa------------------- 47.1 1907 Cincinnati, Ohio.-------------- 71.1 1884 Steubenville Ohio..... 48.6 1884 Louisville, Ky. (below falls).. 70.0 1884 Wheeling, W. Va............ 52.1 1884 Paducah, Ky----------------- 54. 3 1884 Parkersburg, W. Va........... 58.9 1913 Cairo, Ill--__--.---------__. 54.8 1913 Point Pleasant, W. Va........ 68. 8 1913 Original condition.--In its original condition the Ohio River was much obstructed throughout its entire length by snags, rocks, and gravel and sand bars, rendering navigation difficult and hazardous. The width of channel was exceedingly variable. The depth avail- able for navigation over the worst shoals at extreme low water varied from a minimum of 1 foot between Pittburgh, Pa., and Cincinnati, Ohio (470 miles), to 2 feet between Cincinnati and the mouth of the river (511 miles). Between shoals were pools, some of which possessed depths of 30 feet even at extreme low water. When the depth on the worst shoals was 3 feet or more the river was navigable throughout its entire length for steamboats and other craft, except when floods or ice occurred. Previous projects.-The first lock and dam on the Ohio River was provided by the river and harbor act of March 3, 1879, which made RIVERS AND HARBORS--OHIO RIVER LOCKS AND DAMS 1229 appropriation for a lock and movable dam at Davis Island, 4.7 miles below the head of the river. The construction of additional dams was provided for by the river and harbor acts, as follows: Dam No. 6, September 19, 1890; Dams Nos. 2, 3, 4, and 5, June 3, 1896; Nos. 13 and 18, March 3, 1899; Nos. 8, 11, 19, and 37, June 13, 1902; No. 26, March 2, 1907. The cost and expenditures on original and subse- quent projects prior to commencement of operations under the exist- ing project, adopted in 1910, including amount expended for pur- chase, etc., of Louisville and Portland Canal, were $17,657,273.78.1 For further details see page 1907 of Annual Report for 1915. E;isting project.--This contemplates the improvement of the entire Ohio River by the construction of locks and dams so as to provide a minimum channel depth of 9 feet in the pools :.formed thereby and the widening of the Louisville and Portland Canal at Louisville, Ky. The total number of dams now included in the project, exclusive of Dams 1 and 2, which were abandoned upon com- pletion of the Emsworth Dam, and Dam No. 3, which was abandoned upon completion of Dashields Dam, is 50 or less. The project pro- vides for one lock with usable dimensions of 110 by 600 feet at each dam, and in addition thereto second locks at the Emsworth and Dashields Dams and at Dam No. 41, with usable dimensions of 56 by 360 feet. Except at Emsworth and Dashields, all the dams are of the movable type with navigable passes varying in length from 600 to 1,248 feet, clo8ed by wickets of the Chanoine type. In addition to the navigable pass each dam (except the fixed dams at Emsworth and Dashields) is provided with one or more regulating weirs. In connection with Dam No. 41, which extends from the Indiana shore just above the Ohio Falls Railway bridge to the power house of the Louisville Hydroelectric Co., there is a canal (Louisville and Port- land) along the left bank 2 miles long and 200 feet wide at the narrowest section, with locks at the lower end of the canal. The existing project was adopted by the river and harbor act of June 25, 1910 (H. Doc. No. 492, 60th Cong., 1st sess.). This pro- vided for 54 locks and movable dams; for a minimum width of the Louisville and Portland Canal of 170 feet, and for a new lock at the lower end of this canal with a width of 85 feet. Under the dis- cretionary authority given to the Secretary of War, the following modifications have since been made: On March 24, 1911, the width of the Louisville and Portland Canal was increased from 170 to 200 feet and the width of the proposed new lock at that point from 85 to 110 feet. On September 12, 1913, a further modification was made by omit- ting Lock and Dam No. 42. This was accomplished by adjusting the lifts of Dams Nos. 43, 44, 45, and 46. On September 4, 1917, under authority granted by the river and harbor act of August 8, 1917, the project was still further modified by the substitution of a fixed dam at Emsworth for movable Dams Nos. 1 and 2. On July 14, 1925, a further modification was made by omitting Lock and Dam No. 40, through the rebuilding of Dam No. 41 as a 1 In these figures no credit is allowed for the item of $257,778 received as dividends on stock of the Louisville & Portland Canal Co., held by the general Government, this money not being disbursable by the Engineer Department. 1230 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1932 power-navigation dam, and adjusting the lift to provide the project depth up to Dam No. 39. On January 28, 1926, a second fixed dam at Dashields, Pa., was authorized, thereby further modifying the project. This dam re- places movable Dam No. 3 and is adapted to the ultimate replacement of movable Dam No. 4. On September 18, 1931, a third fixed dam at Montgomery Island, Pa., was authorized, resulting in a further modification of the proj- ect. This dam will replace movable Dams Nos. 4, 5, and 6. The estimate of cost for new work, revised in 1931, including ex- penditures on previous projects prior to adoption of the 9-foot project in 1910, is $123,300,000. Additional information concerning the project, including a dis- cussion of the details of construction, is published in House Docu- ment No. 1159, Sixty-second Congress, third session. This document contains a map of the river and its principal tributaries, on which is indicated the locations then proposed for the various dams. A map of the river on a scale of 1 inch equals 600 feet, in 280 sheets, with an index map based upon the survey made in 1911-1914 by the United States Engineer Department, and revised for the section above Louis- ville, Ky., in 1930-31, has been issued from the United States engi- neer office, Louisville, Ky. A map of the entire flood plain of the Ohio River from 6 miles above Louisville, Ky., to the mouth, on a sc le of 1 inch equals 2,000 feet, in 38 sheets, with an index map, compiled from the Ohio River charts and topographic sheets of the United States Geological Survey, revised and extended by planetable and hydrographic surveys and aerial photographs, made in 1930-31, has also been published by the United States engineer office, Louis- ville, Ky. A further report in review of the project, made in compliance with the provisions of section 14 of the river and harbor act approved March 4, 1915, is published in House Document No. 1695, Sixty- fourth Congress, second session. This report recommends a substi- tution of fixed for movable dams on the upper river and discusses the possibility of maintaining the project depth below Dam No. 48 by means of dredging. In the river and harbor act of July 18, 1918, the Secretary of War was authorized to modify the project in accord- ance with the report submitted in House Document No. 1695, Sixty- fourth Congress, second session, provided that the authorized omis- sion of locks and dams below Dam No. 48 shall not become effective until it shall be satisfactorily demonstrated that the project depth of 9 feet on that section of the river can be maintained by open-channel work. No advantage was taken of this" authority, and Dams Nos. 49, 50, 51, 52, and 53 have been constructed, leaving the question as to the construction of Dam No. 54 still undetermined. The following table contains information concerning various fea- tures of the locks and dams included in the existing project: I I I Lock I 1 1 I Location Depth on miter Dimensions Per- Year Estimated or sills cent- opened Character of dam age to actual cost No. I i foundation of each lock Width Greatest Character of com- navi- Miles length foundation and dam 1 below Distance from nearest town or mouth of of pleted gation Pitts- navigable tributary cham- available Lift Upper I Lower ber for full burgh width Si. I I .---- .1 I. I.---- - - Feet Feet Feet Feet Feet 00 1 Replaced..... ---------------------------- $870, 034.01 600 Rock (114 feet); -------- 1921---- 6.2 Emsworth, Pa ------------------------ f 110 13.0 13. O0 Rock ---------- {gravel (1,613 feet). 100 1921 3, 082, 743. 08 1156 2 Replaced_------- 360 --- .-----. 976, 766. 77 1,144, 588. 18 CI 3 --. do. . ..----------------------------- 13.3 Dashields Lock and Dam, 2 miles below Se- 110 99 1929 2 3, 538, 000.00 360 }13.75 wickley, Pa. 13.5 13. O0 Rock.............----------- Rock------------ 4 18. 6 Legionville, Pa...........-------------- 110 600 7.6 16. 6 9.5 ---.....do-------------- Gravel; piles in 100 1908 1, 071, 472. 21 600 gravel. , 5 24.1 Freedom, Pa.---------------- 156110 600 7.5 ..--...do---------- 14. 5 10.0 .....--do------------ 100 1907 1, 080, 132. 04 00 6 29.3 Beaver, Pa------------------------------------ 110 600 6.7 Rock gravel......__ 14. 2 11.0 Piles in gravel....... 100 1904 1, 123, 441.80 31. 6 Montgomery Island Lock and Dam, 4.9 miles 110 600 19. 4 Rock...---------..........-- 16 12 Rock_..---------- O 3 6, 000, 000.00 W above Midland, Pa. 110 360 7 36. 5 Midland, Pa......--------------------........ 110 600 6.9 11.0 ..-----..do------------ 15.4 ..... 100 1914 do-----............... 1,075, 000. 00 0 8 46.4 Newell, W. Va...............-------------------- 110 600 6.4 12. O0 Piles in gravel...... 15.4 Rock; piles in gravel_ 100 1911 1, 167, 456. 24 9 56. O0 New Cumberland, W. Va..--.. 110 600 7.4 11.0 ...-----do... .. . 15.4 _ . Piles in gravel-...... 100 1914 1, 177, 100. 00 10 66.2 Steubenville, Ohio------------ 110 600 8.4 11..0 Rock and piles in 16.4 --.....do-------------- 100 1915 1,138, 000. 00 0 gravel. 11 76. 9 2.3 miles below Wellsburg, W. Va-----...... 110 600 7.3 15.4 11. 1 Piles in sand and Piles in tand and 100 1911 1, 162, 164. 70 gravel. gravel. 12 87. 4 Wheeling, W. Va.------------------------.--. 110 600 8.4 15.4 11.0 ....---- do....--------........-- -_ do---------- 100 1917 1,166,103.55 r 0 13 96. 1 McMechen, W. Va ......................-- -- 110 600 7.3 13.8 9.5 ...-----do------------- .... do....--------- 100 1911- 1, 222, 389. 11 14 114. O0 Woodland, W. Va-------- 110 600 8.3 16.4 11.0 Rock......------- Rock . .........----- 100 1917 1,132, 934. 65 15 129.1 New Martinsville, W. Va.-----------..... . 110 600 7.8i 15. 4 11.0 ...-----do......---------- _-----do------------- 100 1916 1,159, 951.82 16 146. 5 Bens Run, W. Va .....----------... ....... 110 600 7.8 15.4 11. 2 ...-----do-......--_- --.... do.....------------ 100 1917 1, 258, 644. 43 d 17 167. 5 4 miles above Marietta, Ohio.._._ ... . 110 600 8. 2i 15.4 11.0 ..... do.....----------- __--- do. ........ 100 1918 1, 344, 915. 37 18 179. 9 4 miles above Parkersburg, W. Va--.......... 110 600 6. 2j 14.2 11.0 .....----- do.............. .... do...... 100 1910 911, 405. 76 d 19 192. 2 Little Hocking, Ohio-------------------------- 110 600 7. 7 16.9 11.0 Piles in sand, ----- do- 100 1916 1, 213, 259. 04 gravel, and rock. 20 202. 5 Belleville, W. Va....----- ----------------- 110 600 7.5 15.4 11.0 Rock...... ----. do__----------..........-- 100 1917 935, 926. 81 21 214. 5 Portland, Ohio-......................----..... 110 600 5.6 15.4 11.0 ---..... do.....--------- .--- do---.....--------- 100 1919 1, 475, 836. 13 rJ2 22 220. 9 Ravenswood, W. Va-..........--------------- 110 600 7.8 15.4 11.2 ----..do,----_ -. __.do.....----------- 100 1918 1, 209, 216. 84 23 231. 4 Millwood, W. Va.....................---------------------------- 110 6000 8. 1 IL15.4 11.0 ------- do ----- do---.---------- 100 1921 1, 634, 005.08 1For completed dams, actual expenditures, exclusive of receipts from sales, are shown; for dam practically completed,"estimate is based upon cost to date and present prices; for dams under construction the estimated cost is based upon present prices. . 2 Under construction; replaces Dam No. 3. h ' New fixed dam; will replace existing movable dams Nos.4, 5, and 6. __ k--L Lock Location Dimensions Depth on miter Per- sills x ear Estimated or I Character of dam cent- opened actual cost -ATA NO. I I foundation age to of each lock Miles Width Greatest length Character of foundation com- navi- and dam below Distance from nearest town or mouth of of pleted Linn Pitts- navigable tributary cham- available for full Lift Upper Lower burgh ber width -1- I1 I-- l I -I 1- O Feet Feet Feet Feet Feet 0 24 242.5 Graham, W. Va.....------............. 110 600 7.0 15.4 11.0 Rock.............. Rock--------..........--.... 100 1919 1, 112, 769. 28 25 260.7 5 miles above mouth of Kanawha River.......- 110 600 9.0 15.4 11.0 ..... do............-..... do--------------- 100 1922 1, 708, 563. 46 26 278. 5 Hogsett, W. Va......-----. ... ... 110 600 7.5 16.9 11.0 ..... do------------- ---.....--ddo...... 100 1912 o........--------------- 1, 297, 744.73 27 301.0 4 miles above Proctorville, Ohio..-...........- 110 600 6. 4 15.4 11. 1 ..... do..............do..... ---- 100 1923 2, 003,295.90 28 311. 6 Huntington, W. Va_..... _. 110 600 7.1 15.4 11.0 ..... do..........--- .....do----....----------- 100 1915 1,047,667.19 29 319. 9 Ashland, Ky -................--..--_ ...---- 110 600 8. 0 15.4 11.0 ..... do..............do--------------- 100 1916 1,034, 836.28 H 30 339.4 3 miles below Greenup, Ky...,..... 110 600 7. 5 15.4 11.0 .....do.............- .....-- 100 1923 do....-----------........... 1, 579, 617. 80 O 31 359.3 3 miles below Portsmouth, Ohio............... 110 600 7.5 15.4 11.0 -----..... do..............- 100 .....do..........----------- 1919 1, 217, 751. 24 O 32 382. 6 1 mile above Rome, Adams County, Ohio .... 110 600 7. 5 15.4 11.0 Piles ii sand and Caissons on gravel 100 1926 2, 951, 467.07 gravel. and clay. 33 405.1 3 miles above Maysville, Ky.................. 110 600 7. 0 15.4 11.0 .,__.do_,........... Piles in sand and 100 1921 1, 580, 948. 16 gravel. 34 434.1 Chilo, Ohio................................... 110 600 5. 6 15.4 11.0 ..... 100 1925 do.............. .....do-....--.......-----.... 3, 437, 073.70 35 451.0 1 mile below New Richmond, Ohio-.......... 110 600 6. 4 do-.....---.----- 100 1919 1,872, 849. 88 36 460.9 10 miles above Cincinnati, Ohio_............... 110 600 7.9 15.4 15.4 11.0 11.1 .....do.............. ..... .....do.............. .....do ..............100 1925 3, 704,534. 91 '' 37 483. 2 Fernbank, Ohio............................ 110 600 7. 8 12.3 11.0 Rock............... Rock . .,----------- 100 1911 1, 840, 178. 60 0 38 503. 3 McVille, Ky................................. 110 600 7.3 15.4 11.0 Piles in sand and Piles in sand and 100 1924 2, 857, 040.24 C4 gravel. gravel. 39 531.7 1 mile above Markland, Ind................... 110 600 6. 0 15.4 11.0 .....do...........- Rock and piles in 100 1921 2, 222, 447.98 sand and gravel. 40 555. 9 Eliminated.............................. S110 0 .. 60.............. 41 604.0 Louisville, Ky ........................... 156 4360 37.O 19.0O ------------ Rock.--- 11.0O Rock --..-----.--. Rock, . .- 100 -19.-11.0-Rock 1921 8 7, 376, 445. 85 42 . .. Elim inated ... .... .... ... .... .. . .... ... 43 633. 2 3 miles below West Point, Ky................ 110 600 9. 0 15. 4 11. 0 Pile---.---------- Pile-._ - 100 1921 2,587,731.88 44 663.2 Leavenworth, Ind............................ 110 600 9. 0 15.4 11.0 ..... do___... ___ ..... Rock and pile.... ,_ 100 1925 2,818, 763.39 45 703. 0 Addison, Ky ............................ ..... 110 600 9. 0 15.4 11.0 ...do ....---------- Rock--------------.............. 100 1927 3, 057, 080. 05 46 757. 3 Owensboro, Ky ............................. 110 600 9. 0 15.4 11.0 Pile----------...........--... Pile.. ............. 100 1928 3, 005, 672.75 47 777. 7 Newburg, Ind............._.________....___.. 110 600 9. 0 15.4 11.0 do...................do .......... ---.....- 100 1928 4, 415,525.82 48 809.6 6 miles below Henderson, Ky.....----------------- 110 600 9.0 15.4 11.0 ..... do....--------------.....do ....... 100 1922 2, 666, 000. 00 49 845. 0 50 876. 8 2% miles below Uniontown, Ky.............. 1*mile below Weston, Ky._.. . ._.... 110 110 600 600 11. 0 8. 0 15.4 15.4 11.0 11.0 Rock.......------------ ..... Rock-............... do-....__...... Rock and pile .. 100 100 1928 1928 3, 160, 961. 23 c 3, 602, 725. 28 c 51 903.1 0.6 mile below Golconda, Ill._.. ..._...__. 110 600 8.0O 15.4 11.0 Rock and bowlders Pile.....- ..-------.. 100 1929 4, 370, 566. 20 52 938.9 1.3 miles below Brookport, In.-------------110 600 12.0 15.4 11.0 Pile------ do------------100 .----- 1928 4,462,836.79 53 962.6 10.8 miles below Joppa, Ill..... .... 110 600 13.4 15.4 (6) ..... do---------. ... _do------------100 1929 5,413,867. 94 54 974. 2 Mound City, Ill............................----------------------110 600 (7) () (7) Rock . ..---------- ravel..----- ----- O- (8) 9 117, 178, 451.22 SClear width and length of new auxiliary lock. ' Completed with large new lock in 1921. Completed with new dam and raised canal and lock walls in 1928. Construction of an auxiliary lock commenced in 1929, which lock was completed in 1930. * Dam below not commenced. t Necessity for construction has not yet been determined. S Not commenced. ' Exclusive of $6,839,606.15; details below. ADDITIONAL FEATURES ENTERING INTO COST OF PROJECT Repair station, Marietta, Ohio-..............-- -----------------...------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- $178,700.00 Marine ways at Dam No. 37, Ohio River-------------- .. 78,760.83 78,---------------------------- Louisville and Portland Canal and Indians chute (under previous project)...--------- ---------------------------..---- ..------ 5, 359, 203.17 Repairs to Band Island Dike,Louisville Ky. (maintenance)..............----------------------------------------------------------------------- 130, 000.00 Examinations, surveys, contingencies, plant, and miscellaneous.......------------------------------------------------------------------------ 997, 648.89 Raising lower guide walls, Locks Nos. 14-28- --.................. -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 95, 293. 21 6,839, 606.15 Total---------- -------------- 124, 018, 057. 124, 3------------------- 07. 37 o1~ I. 1234 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1932 Principal towns and cities along the Ohio River Miles Miles Miles Location below Location below below Pitts- Location Pitts- Location Pitts burgh burgh burgh Pittsburgh, Pa .-------------... Ironton, Ohio_____ 327.2 Cannelton, Ind-...... 724.1 Ambridge, Pa ........- 15. 9 Portsmouth, Ohio-.--- 356. 0 Rockport, Ind.-------- 747.3 Aliquippa, Pa .--------- 18. 5 Maysville, Ky-...,___ 408. 6 Owensboro, Ky-. _ 755.9 East Liverpool, Ohio___ Steubenville, Ohio.. 43.5 Newport, Ky --..... 469. 8 68. 0 Cincinnati, Ohio-..... 470. 2 Newburg, Ind__-------- Evansville, Ind....... 778. O 792.3 Wheeling, W. Va. ------- 90. 5 Covington, Ky 470. 9 Henderson, Ky...... _ 803.8 Bellaire, Ohio....------- 94.6 Lawrenceburg, Ind_.. 492.9 Mount Vernon Ind.__ 829.2 Marietta, Ohio--------- 172.0 Aurora, Ind--......-------- 496.7 Shawneetown, Ill-._.. 857.8 Parkersburg, W. Va--- . 184. 6 Carrollton, Ky__.... 545. 7 Golconda, Ill--..-.--.- 902. 4 Point Pleasant, W. Va__ 265. 2 Madison, Ind..... - 557.7 Paducah, Ky--------- 934. 4 Gallipolis, Ohio_ ------ 269.7 Jeffersonville, Ind .... 602.7 Metropolis, Ill-------- 943.9 Huntington, W. Va .. 308. 3 Louisville, Ky__----- 603. 9 Mound City, Ill ...... 973. 4 Catlettsburg, Ky--.... 317. 2 New Albany, Ind..... 608. 5 Cairo, Ill.-------.-.-979. 3 Ashland, Ky...-----------322. 6 Leavenworth, Ind.... 664. 0 Recommended modifications of project.--None. Local cooperation.-None required by law. The Louisville Gas & Electric Co. paid one-half of the cost of resurfacing with concrete the road on the north side of the Louisville and Portland Canal from the Eighteenth Street Bridge to the junction with the road leading to the Louisville Hydro-Electric Co.'s power house. The amount contributed was $8,966.43. Terminal facilities.--A full and complete report of terminals along the Ohio River in 1918 is contained in House Document No. 652, Sixty-sixth Congress, second session, showing approximately 300 ter- minals throughout the length of the Ohio River, 120 being open to the public and the balance, 180, being private or not open to the public. The private terminals are generally suited to their particular requirements and are adequate for the commerce handled. Numerous large private terminals have been built since 1918, and others are now under construction. Modern public terminals, together with warehouses, equipped with operating machinery for transferring materials between barge, rail- road car, truck, and platform, have been constructed by private interests at some of the larger cities and towns. The city of Pittsburgh contemplates the early construction of an adequate modern terminal with ample facilities for river-to-rail and rail-to-river transfer of freight, for general use. Additional data have been published as Transportation Series Report No. 2, Transportation in the Mississippi and Ohio Valleys. Effect of improvement.-The extension of the slack-water system has been reflected in a steady increase in tonnage on the river during recent years. Now that all the locks and dams are completed and in operation, permitting continuous navigation at all times (except when interrupted by floods or ice) throughout the entire length of river, connecting the large cities of the upper and middle sections with those of the lower section and the Mississippi River, a large increase in tonnage of longer hauls is anticipated. This is illustrated by shipments of steel mills near Pittsburgh, and at Portsmouth; Ohio, to the lower Ohio and Mississippi, total shipments increasing from 160,000 tons in 1926 to 369,195 tons in 1931, the tonnage for 1931 being 32,445 tons in excess of that han- RIVERS AND HARBORS-O--OHIO RIVER LOCKS AND DAMS 1235 died during the calendar year 1930. Large shipments of crude. oil were being made from the Kentucky River and from Owensboro, Ky., to Louisville, Ky. as well as numerous smaller movements of oil and gasoline in that part of the river between Catlettsburg and Pittsburgh, but these shipments were considerably reduced or tempo- rarily suspended during the calendar year 1931 on account of overproduction. The commercial effect of the series of completed dams on the upper and middle sections of the river was reflected also in a marked increase in the amount of coal shipped from the mines along the Monongahela River to industrial plants on the Ohio River at Ali- quippa, Pa., Midland, Pa., Weirton, W. Va., and Steubenville, Ohio, and the shipment of coal from the Kanawha River and Huntington to points downstream on the Ohio. Coke in considerable quantities is also being shipped from the Monongahela River to steel plants at Mingo and Bellaire, Ohio, and a large tonnage of pig iron and unfinished steel products is being transported between steel mills on the Monongahela and upper Ohio. The use of the river for the marketing of cement is steadily increasing. Operations and results during fiscal year.-The work accomplished during the fiscal year and classed as new work was as follows: Fired dam at Dashields, Pa., replacing old Dam No. 3.--The entire lock and dam and appurtenant works are completed except lock dwellings, for which land was purchased during the year. The cost was $1,577.78; expenditures were $6,053.67. Third flxed dam at Montgomery Island, Pa.-The contract for the third fixed dam at Montgomery Island was awarded on May 31, 1932. About 85 per cent of the lock cofferdam was completed and about 35 per cent of the cofferdam fill was placed. U. S. dredge Oswego completed a 250-foot wide 9-foot deep tempo- rary channel for navigation to use during construction. The cost was $3,829.91; expenditures were $1,419.23. Lock and Dam No. 14.-Land in the amount of 1.68 acres was purchased. The cost and expenditures were $426.07. Locks Nos. 23, 24, 27, and 28.-The work of raising the lower guide wall at each of these locks was completed during the year. The cost was $56,565.85; expenditures were $68,985.13. An A-frame derrick was purchased and assigned to repair service. The cost and expenditures were $41,378.46. Look and Dam No. 26.-The installation of machinery in river wall power- house was completed. The cost was $6,437.98; expenditures were $8,535.41. Lock and Dam No. 29.-The work of raising the height of the lower guide wall to provide more adequate protection and safety to craft passing through lock was completed. The cost was $10,706.13; expenditures were $10,897. Lock and Dam. No. 2.-The work of raising height of walls of the lock turbine pit was in progress. The cost was $836.08 ; expenditures were $806.36. Lock and Dam No. 34.-Five temporary lockkeepers' quarters were recondi- tioned and converted into permanent quarters. The cost was $2,165.47; expend- itures were $2,041.05, Lock and Dae No. 35.-Construction of three new lock keepers' dwellings on land purchased during the year and installing shop tools was in progress. YNo. The cost was $23,275.97; expenditures were $18,182.74. Lock and Dam 36.-Paving of esplanade bank slope was completed. The cost and expenditures were $409.54. Survey in vicinity of Look and Dam Npo. 37.-The survey, plans, and esti- mate of cost for a new dam site in the vicinity of the present dam was in progress but was not completed. The cost was $4,730.07; expenditures were $4,545.09. Look and Dam No. 41.-By hired labor and Government plant, 3,460 cubic yards of material were dredged and placed as fill between the main and 1236 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1932 auxiliary locks. The lower end of this fill was riprapped which required the placing of 131 cubic yards of stone. The vent holes along the auxiliary lock were covered, and 1,047 linear feet of reinforced concrete pipe to serve as outlets from the vents were laid. One hundred and thirty-seven stumps and 5,325 dead trees were removed from the shore line above Dam No. 41. Under contract, the construction of a concrete road along the north side of the Louisville and Portland Canal was completed. The total cost was $30,- 418.52, of which $8,966.43, representing one-half of the cost of the road from the Eighteenth Street Bridge to the point of intersection with the road lead- ing to the Louisville Hydroelectric Co.'s power house, was contributed by the Louisville Gas & Electric Co. Under contract, 19,439 cubic yards of rock and 701 cubic yards of overlying material were removed from the lower approach to the auxiliary lock. The hydroelectric plant, constructed by the Louisville Hydroelectric Co. for the utilization of power from the dam, was in operation throughout the year, except for 42.2 days, when there was no usable head. The total produc- tion for the fiscal year 1932 was 345,932,600 kilowatt-hours, and the total available was 353,992,100 kilowatt-hours. Flowage da4nWges from Dam No. 41.--During the fiscal year 153 claims for damages resulting from raising the pool of Dam No. 41 were received, making a total of 316 claims received to date. Property surveys in connection with these claims were continued. Authority was granted for the purchase of the ease- ment of flowage over the property involved in 126 claims, amounting to $107,927.12. The cost of all work in connection with Lock and Dam No. 41 during the fiscal year was $265,726.79; expenditures were $272,766.08 from United States funds and $8,966.43 from contributed funds. Looks andDams No#. 43, 44, 47, 50, and 51.-The principal item of new work at each of these dams consisted of the construction by hired labor of small warehouses for the storage of tools and supplies used in connection with the operation and maintenance of the locks and dams. All of the warehouses were practically completed and in service at the end of the fiscal year. Costs and expenditures were as follows: Costs (new Expendi- Costs (new Expendi- work) tures work) tures Lock and Dam No. 43.._____$6, 498.34 $6, 498. 34 Lock and Dam No. 50-.. _'$106,433.59 1$106,633.59 Lock and Dam No. 44-.... 5,027.81 5,027.81 Lock and Dam No. 51..... 4,788.92 4,797.92 Lock and Dam No. 47 .... 7, 820. 21 7, 820. 21 1 Includes $102,207.03 plant rental adjustments. Lock and Dam No. 45.--A small storage warehouse was constructed. The caving bank below the dam was refilled with 2,800 cubic yards of material dredged from the river, and covered with 3,000 tons of derrick stone. The total cost was $33,638.87; expenditures were $33,638.87. Look and Dam No. 46.-A combined warehouse and office was constructed under contract at a cost of $8,292.12. The total cost was $64,914.41; expendi- tures were $23,485.35. Lock and Dam No. 48.--The construction of a small storage warehouse by hired labor was about 20 per cent complete at the end of the fiscal year. Under contract, a new heating system was installed in the power house at a cost of $1,010.55. The total cost was $4,069.46; expenditures were $3,985.94. Lock and Dam No. 49.-A small storage warehouse was constructed. The caving bank below the abutment was graded, requiring the handling of 13,400 cubic yards of material, and 5,512 tons of derrick and riprap stone were placed on the bank to prevent further erosion. The total cost was $84,183.45; expendi- tures were $87,628.18. Locks and Dams Nos. 6 and 63.-The major items of new work at these dams consisted of placing heavy protection stone below the dams to prevent scour, 3,300 tons being placed at Dam No. 52, and 12,961 tons at Dam No. 53. RIVERS AND HARBORS---OHIO RIVER LOCKS AND DAMS 1237 Costs (new Expendi- Costs (new Expendi work) tures work) tures Lock and Dam No. 52_- $74,394.99 $77,812.80 Lock and Dam No. 53...$175,324.93 $185,604.80 The total cost during the year for new work was $985,161.03; total expenditures were $979,379.64. Condition at end of fiscal year.-The entire system of 50 locks and dams is practically completed. All of the structures are in operation, thereby providing 9-foot navigation throughout the entire length of the river. At certain locations where gravel deposits or obstructive bars exist, dredging operations, supplemented by contraction works, are executed in order that the full project depth may be afforded at all times. The table under existing project shows the year of com- pletion of locks and dams now in operation. Plans have been ap- proved and construction has been started on a new fixed dam at Montgomery Island which will replace existing Dams Nos. 4, 5, and 6. The total cost of existing projects to the end of the fiscal year was $100,011,912.11 for new work and $130,000 for maintenance, making a total cost of $100,141,912.11. The total expenditures under the existing project were $100,080,169.89. The total cost and expenditure on previous 6-foot canalization, the works of which were incorporated in the above, was $17,657,273.78, making a total cost of $117,669,185.89 for new work. Proposed operations.-The balance unexpended, including accounts receivable, at the end of the year, together with an allotment of $900,000, made during July, 1932, will be applied as follows: Accounts payable June 30, 1932, $12,635.35. New work: Third fixed dam, Montgomery Island- Partial construction of locks (July, 1932, to June, 1933) -------- --------------- $774, 649.45 Partial construction of lock gates and emer- gency dam (July, 1932, to June, 1933)... 63, 000. 00 Borings at dam site (July-September, 1932)_ 9, 000. 00 $846, 649.45 Lock and Dam No. 35-- Completion of 3 lockhouses and appurte- nances (July-September, 1932)----------12, 448. 15 Purchase and installation of machine-shop equipment (July-September, 1932) ._---- 1, 870. 79 14, 318. 94 Lock and Dam No. 37, continuing investigations and studies (July-September, 1932) --------------------- 697. 03 Lock and Dam No. 41- Clearing banks in pool area (July or Au- gust) --------------------------------- 1,000.00 Surveys and acquisitions of flowage ease- ments (July, 1932, to June, 1933)-------- 119, 287. 87 120, 287. 87 Lock and Dam No. 48, complete storage warehouse, garage, and roads (August-November, 1932) ------------------- 12, 540.17 Lock and Dam No. 49, acquisition of land at abutment (Au- gust-September, 1932) ---------------------------------- 3, 809. 10 Available balance of $23.79, $257.06, and $17.12 at Dashields Lock and Dam, Lock and Dam No. 32 and No. 34, respec- tively, will be used for completing minor jobs_------------ 291. 97 Total new work ---- -------------------------- 0998, 594. 53 Grand total (including accounts payable) ----------- 1,011,229.88 1238 -REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1932 It is not possible to state definitely the rate at which funds will or can be expended, as the rate of progress is controlled largely by weather and river conditions. However, it is believed that the bal- ance unexpended will be exhausted at the end of the fiscal year 1933. With funds reserved for future allotment the following additional work is proposed during the fiscal year 1933: Continuing contract, locks, Montgomery Island--------- $160, 000 Lockkeeper's dwelling, Dashields Lock and Dam_ ------------------ 45, 000 Raising guide walls, Locks 17 and 22--------- ------------------ 30, 000 Constructing tripping weir, Dam 29 ------------------------------ 60,000 Acquisition flowage easements, Dam 41--------------------------50, 000 Paving esplanade, Dam 41---- -------------------- - 60,000 Total-------- ---------------- 405, 000 The additional sum of $2,000,000 can be profitably expended during the fiscal year 1934 as follows: Third fixed dam, Montgomery Island: Completion of locks, gates, and emergency dam (July, 1933- March, 1934)--------- ---------------- ---------------- $877,000 Machinery, equipment, land, esplanade (July, 1933-June, 1934)_ 275, 000 Construction of abutment------ __----------150, 000 Partial construction of dam, machinery, roller gates, etc. (July, 1933-June, 1934) -------------------------------------- 588, 000 Total---------------------------- ------------------1, 890, 000 Lock and Dam No. 30, construction of additional bear trap (July- December, 1933) ------------------------------------------- 110, 000 . . Total for new work------------------ ---------------- 2, 000, 000 Commercial statistics.-The total freight traffic on the Ohio River for the calendar year 1931 was 18,071,100 tons, a decrease of 4,266,334 tons or 19 per cent from that of 1930. The loss was princi- pally in coal, sand and gravel, iron and steel, logs and lumber, and stone. There were in the same period increases in tonnage of coke, petroleum products, and cement. An increase in movement of gen- eral merchandise- and miscellaneous commodities was largely due to the operation of the Mississippi Valley Barge Line between Cin- cinnati and New Orleans. The ton mileage for 1931 was 1,486,444,936, an increase of 12,518,207 over 1930. This was the result of an increase in long-haul traffic, while the tonnage loss was principally in short-haul traffic. Coal is the principal commodity shipped on the river. Its tonnage in 1931 was 7,853,625, or 43.4 per cent of the total river commerce. The coal traffic is largely confined to three separate reaches of the river. Coal is transported in large quantities from the Mononga- hela River and unloaded at the steel-producing areas along the river as far downstream as Steubenville, Ohio. This movement amounted to approximately 4,500,000 tons in 1931. Coal from the Logan field of West Virginia is transferred from rail to barge at Huntington, and at Point Pleasant barge shipments enter the Ohio from the Kanawha River. Most of this coal is shipped to Cincinnati, although a small percentage continues on to Louisville. The West Virginia coal shipped by river in 1931 exceeded two and one-half million tons. On the lower river there was a movement of about one-quarter mil- lion tons from the mines near Caseyville to Paducah and points on the Mississippi River. RIVERS AND HARBORS-OHIO RIVER LOCKS AND DAMS 1239 Sand and gravel are procured by dredging from the river bed near the consuming centers. As these commodities can be obtained at most localities, this is largely short-haul traffic. In 1931 the sand and gravel traffic on the river was about six and one-half million tons. While there was a decrease in the interplant movement of iron and steel on the upper Ohio, the steel shipments from the upper river to points on the Mississippi River continued to increase and in 1931 amounted to approximately 369,000 tons. The gasoline traffic on the Ohio River amounted to 455,802 tons in 1931. This traffic has been steadily increasing for a number of years and has become one of the most important commodity move- ments on the river. The total tonnage during 1931 was distributed as follows: Coal, 43.4 per cent; sand and gravel, 36.1 per cent; iron and steel, 5.4 per cent; coke, 3.7 per cent; petroleum products, 3.3 per cent; stone, 3.1 per cent; cement, 0.8 per cent; logs and lumber, 0.7 per cent; and all others, 3.5 per cent. Comparative statement Tons Value Passengers Calendar year 1927: Through locks and open river------------------------ 20, 128, 518 $168, 422,904 2, 004, 513 Ferries.- _............. -------- __-------_-------- 2, 064, 878 516, 219, 500 6, 418, 946 Total--------------------- ------------------- 22, 193, 396 684, 642, 404 8, 423, 459 Calendar year 1928: Through locks and open river--- --------------------- 20, 938, 267 191, 519, 168 1,990,143 Ferries ------------------------------------ ------ 1, 903, 358 475, 839, 500 6, 370, 638 Total-----------------------------------------22, 841, 625 667, 358, 668 8, 360, 781 Calendar year 1929: Through locks and open river------------------------ 21, 955,148 192, 308, 473 1, 803, 528 Ferries- .....-.......- ------------------ 1, 889, 723 472, 430, 750 5, 798, 251 Total---- ------------------------------------- 23, 844, 871 664, 739, 223 7, 601, 779 Calendar year 1930: Through locks and open river----------------------- 22, 337, 434 188, 244, 870 1, 526, 727 Ferries.. ------------------------------------------ 1, 580, 073 395, 017, 500 3, 982, 702 Total----------------------------------------- 23, 917, 507 583, 262,370 5, 509, 429 Calendar year 1931: Through locks and open river----------------------- 18, 071, 000 166, 987, 171 1, 429, 751 Ferries .......-.---.-.-----.--....- _______1, 583, 369 380, 755, 850 3, 757,136 Total...... _______-... --.- _-_-_ --. _____ - --__ 19, 654, 369 547, 743, 021 5, 186, 887 Cost and financial summary Cost of new work to June 30, 1932------------------------ $117, 669, 185. 89 Cost of maintenance to June 30, 1932------------------ ------ 130, 000. 00 Total cost of permanent work to June 30, 1932 117, 799, 185. 89 --------- Value of plant, materials, etc., on hand June 30, 1932--------- -49, 303.53 Net total cost to June 30, 1932---------------------117, 749, 882. 36 Plus accounts receivable June 30, 1932 ------------------------- 196. 66 Gross total costs to June 30, 1932 ----- 117, 750, 079.02 Minus accounts payable June 30, 1932__________-- 12, 635. 35 Net total expenditures------- --------- 117, 737, 443. 67 Unexpended balance June 30, 1932- - ---------- 111, 033. 22 Total amount appropriated to June 30, 1932 --------- 117, 848,476. 89 1240 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1932 Fiscal year ending June 30 1928 1929 1930 1931 1932 Cost of new work--------------....... .. $10, 394,932. 74 $6,400,414. 37 $2,683,084.83 $681, 975. 56 $985,161. 03 Cost of maintenance--------.... ------ 118, 000.00 Total cost--------------...............--... 10, 512, 932. 74 6, 400, 414. 37 2,683,084.83 681,975.56 985,161. 03 Total expended----------------..... 9,736,807. 47 5,194, 594.24 2, 399, 898.44 566, 093.41 979, 379.64 Allotted---------------------- 4, 087, 680.45 2,550, 480. 00 158, 850.00 361, 296.58 469, 316. 88 Balance unexpended July 1, 1931-__-________--- $621, 095. 98 Amount allotted from War Department appropria- tion act approved Mar. 23, 1928 ............... $47, 250. 00 Amount allotted from War Department appropria- tion act approved May 28, 1930 _............... 63, 137. 09 Amount allotted from War Department appropria- tion act approved Feb. 23, 1931 543, 133. 14 Amount allotted from War Department appropria- tion act approved Feb. 23. 1927__ __ _____ 25, 800. 00 679, 320. 23 Amount to be accounted for __--------------- 1, 300, 416.21 Deductions on account of revocation of allotments---- 210, 003.35 Net amount to be accounted for ------------ 1, 090, 412.86 Gross amount expended ------------------ 1, 037, 059.83 Less: Reimbursements collected -------- $57, 602. 19 Receipts from sales--- - 7------- 78. 00 57, 680. 19 979 3R79 64 Balance unexpended June 30, 1932__ __________------ 111, 033.22 Outstanding liabilities June 30, 1932___------ 101, 784.41 Amount covered by uncompleted contracts-------- 54, 767. 21 156, 551. 62 Balance available June 30, 1932-------- ------------- -45, 518. 40 Accounts receivable June 30, 1932----_------------------- --- 196. 66 Unobligated balance available June 30, 1932----------- -45, 321.74 Amount allotted from War Department appropriation act ap- proved July 14, 1932 ----------------- 900, 000.00 Balance available for fiscal year 1933------------------- 854, 678.26 Amount (estimated) required to be appropriated for completion 1- - - - - - - - - - - -- ----- - - - - - - - - - - - -- - - -- of existing project 4, 630, 000. 00 Amount that can be profitably expended in fiscal year ending June 1- - - --- --- -- ---- --- --- - -- - - ---- 30, 1934, for new work 2, 000, 000. 00 2. OPERATING AND CARE OF LOCKS AND DAMS ON THE OHIO RIVER The improvement for which report is made under this caption forms part of the project for construction of locks and dams on the Ohio River. See pages 1227 to 1240, where general information re- garding the improvement may be found. The completed locks and dams have been operated and maintained under the permanent indefinite appropriation since the following dates: 1 Exclusive of available funds. RIVERS AND HARBORS-OHIO RIVER LOCKS AND DAMS 1241 No. No. 1. October 7, 1885. 27. July 23, 1923. Emsworth, September 1, 1921. 28. March 1, 1915. 2. October 13, 1906. 29. December 1, 1916. 3. February 1, 1908. 30. October 19, 1923. Dashields, Pa. 31. October 22, 1919. Small lock, Aughst 1, 1929. 32. May 1, 1926. Large lock, August 23, 1929. 33. October 28, 1921. 4. February 1, 1908. 34. July 31, 1925. 5. November 21, 1907. 35. September 3, 1919. 6. August 3, 1904. 36. August 14, 1925. 7. September 16, 1914. 37. January 1, 1911. 8. July 14, 1911. 38. October 31, 1924. 9. November 2, 1914. 39. March 15, 1921. 10. October 31, 1915. 41. Including Louisville and Portland 11. August 1, 1911. Canal, July, 1885.1 12. January 16, 1917. New lock, May 1, 1921. 13. August 1, 1911. Small lock, August 1, 1930. 14. August 20, 1917. New dam, January 1, 1928. 15. July 1, 1916. 43. June 13, 1921. 16. August 16, 1917. 44. September 12, 1925. 17. August 1, 1918. 45. September 13, 1927. 18. May 1, 1910. 46. September 15, 1928. 19. October 16, 1916. 47. January 1, 1928. 20. January 16, 1917. 48. January 1, 1922. 21. September 5, 1919. 49. January 1, 1928. 22. December 1, 1918. 50. October 16, 192F 23. September 26, 1921. 51. August 25, 1929. 24. August 27, 1919. 52. October 27, 1928. 25. June 1, 1922. 53. September 1, 1929. 26. August 1, 1912. Operations and results during fiscal year.-The locks and dams were operated as required, and the necessary repairs made thereto and to the appurtenant structures. The total cost of operating and care for the entire river d-ring the fiscal year was $3,041,666.52; the total expenditures were $2,994,445.50. Condition at end of fiscal year.-The entire system, comprising 50 locks and dams, is practically completed and all of the structures are in operation. The dams, when raised, provide a 9-foot depth throughout the entire length of the river. At various localities where bars or gravel deposits exist, dredging and contraction works are executed to provide an adequate and dependable channel of project depth at minimum pool conditions. The structures were maintained in good condition. Nos. 4 and 5 are so deteriorated as to require excessive maintenance and repairs. Plans have been approved and work started on the construction of a new fixed dam at Montgomery Island which will replace existing Locks and Dams Nos. 4, 5, and 6. The total cost for operation and maintenance at the close of the fiscal year was $29,761,898.65. The total expenditures were $30,489,- 497.02, of which $28,974,916.83 was allotted from the permanent indefinite appropriation and $1,514,580.19 was derived from other sources. Proposed operations.-The locks and dams and canal will be operated and maintained under allotments from the permanent in- definite appropriation provided by section 6 of the river and harbor act of March 3, 1909. 1 Prior to date stated these works were operated and maintained between 1874 and 1882 from funds derived from tolls, rents, etc. 1242 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1932 Commercial statistics. Commercial statistics for the river will be found in report on improvement of Ohio River by construction of locks and dams. Cost and flnancial summary Cost of maintenance to June 30, 1932 1-------------------- $29, 761, 898. 65 Value of plant, materials, etc., on hand June 30, 1932 ------- __ 805,877.10 Net total cost to June 30, 1932 __..___- __-____ 30, 567, 775.75 Plus accounts receivable June 30, 1932 ____________--___ - 32, 521. 12 Gross total costs to June 30, 1932------------------- 30, 600, 296. 87 Minus accounts payable June 30, 1932 ------- __------110, 799. 85 Net total expenditures_-_-------------__ -____ 30, 489, 497. 02 Unexpended balance June 30, 1932_....... . ____ 598, 358. 14 Total amount appropriated to June 30, 1932_..--..... 31, 087, 855. 16 Fiscal year ending June 30 1928 1929 1930 1931 1932 Cost of new work ........... Cost of maintenance-..--......----- $1, 266, 187. 64 $1, 530, 257. 92 $2, 181, 261. 38 $2, 733, 368. 17 $3, 041, 666. 52 Total expended--------.--.-- -.- 1, 978, 828. 19 2, 063, 414.07 2. 273, 100. 30 2, 818, 599. 88 2, 994, 445. 50 Allotted.....-,-------------------- , 855, 780.00 2,192, 300. 00 2, 459, 000. 00 2, 780, 000. 00 3,001, 149.47 Balance unexpended July 1, 1931 _-----------------_ _ -- - $591, 654. 17 Amount allotted from Federal water power act ap- proved June 10, 1920------------------------ $400,000.00 Amount allotted from permanent indefinite appro- priation, sec. 6, river and harbor act, Mar. 3, 1909--------------------------------- 2, 624, 583. 76 3, 024, 583. 76 Amount to be accounted for--------------------------- 3, 616, 237.93 Deductions on account of revocation of allotment--------------- 23,434. 29 Net amount to be accounted for---- -------..-------- 3, 592, 803. 64 Gross amount expended ---------- 3, 520, 610..95 _----------- Less: Reimbursements collected--------$510, 941. 57 Receipts from sales -------------- 15, 223.88 526, 165. 45 2, 994, 445. 50 Balance unexpended June 30, 1932 --------------- - 598, 358. 14 Outstanding liabilities June 30, 1932 ----------- 289, 889. 48 Amount covered by uncompleted contracts-------- 40, 833. 87 330, 723. 35 Balance available June 30, 1932 ------ _____---__----- 267, 634. 79 Accounts receivable June 30, 1932------------------------------ 32, 521.12 Unobligated balance available June 30, 1932--------------300, 155.91 Amount allotted for fiscal year 1933-------------------- 2, 576, 000.00 Balance available for fiscal year 1933---------- __ __ 2, 876, 155.91 3. OPEN-CHANNEL WORK, OHIO RIVER Open-channel work on the Ohio River is in charge of the district engineer in whose district the work is located. 1Previous cost increased $52,692.83, due to adjustment of plant account and deferred charges. RIVERS AND HARBORS-OHIO RIVER LOCKS AND DAMS 1243 Information as to the limits of the four districts on the Ohio River, as well as the district engineers in charge thereof, is contained on page 1227. Location, description, and original condition.--For information relative to the location, description, and original condition of this stream see pages 1227-1228 of this report relating to the improve- ment of the Ohio River by the construction of locks and dams. Previous projects.-None. Existing project.-The project adopted by the act of March 3, 1827, originally covered the entire length of the Ohio River from its mouth near Cairo to Pittsburgh, a distance of 981 miles. With the com- pletion of the canalization project, the work under the project for open-channel work consists mainly of removing obstructive bars and widening and deepening the channel at the upper ends of pools where necessary in order that the full project depth of 9 feet contemplated by the canalization project may be obtained. After this depth has been obtained, it is anticipated that periodic dredging will be re- quired at some localities in order to maintain such depth. In addi- tion, an effort will be made to obtain and maintain this depth on that section of the river below Lock and Dam No. 53 by open-channel work. Under the project for open-channel work no project depth had been fixed by Congress, but it was found necessary, to properly aid packet and barge navigation, prior to completion of the canalization project, to secure a low-water channel having a minimum depth of from 4 to 6 feet and a width, according to the difficulty of running the channel, of from 400 to 600 feet; and to permit the movement of large coal tows, which movement occurs at stages of water exceeding 10 feet, it has been found necessary to remove the points of projecting bars which form at various points along the river but mainly at the mouths of creeks and other tributaries. The accomplishment of this twofold purpose has involved the concentration of current by closing back channels at islands with low dams, the contraction and straight- ening of wide, open channels by low dikes, the dredging of bars and shoals, and the removal of snags and wrecks. The river and harbor act approved January 21, 1927, authorized the construction of ice piers as a part of the project for open-channel work, these piers to be constructed with funds allotted from the ap- propriations for general open-channel work. (H. Doc. No. 187, 67th Cong., 2d sess.) The river and harbor act approved July 3, 1930, authorized re- forestation of the sloughs on Kentucky Peninsula near Evansville, Ind., and a 200-foot strip along the upstream bank and for bank pro- tection at an estimated cost of $200,000 (H. Doc. No. 409, 69th Cong., 1st sess.). This document contains a map of the locality. The extreme range of river stages varies from 32.9 feet at Pitts- burgh, Pa., to 69.2 feet at Cincinnati, Ohio, with 46.7 feet at Louis- ville, Ky. (head of the falls), 48.1 feet at Evansville, Ind., and 56.2 feet at Cairo, Ill. (mouth of the river). Incidental to the direct improvement of the Ohio is the mainte- nance of existing works, including dikes, dams, and ice piers; also harbor lines below mouth of Big Sandy River. 1244 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1932 The estimated cost of new work, revised in 1931, is $16,750,000, which includes $200,000 for bank-protection work near Evansville, Ind., authorized in the 1930 river and harbor act. Recommended modifications of project.-None. Local cooperation.-The river and harbor act approved January 21, 1927, authorizing the construction of ice piers as a part of the project for general open-channel work, imposes the condition that before work is begun on any ice pier, local interests convey to the United States free of cost such riparian rights as may be deemed necessary in connection with the improvement at the locality. The river and harbor act approved July 3, 1930, authorizing the reforestation of the sloughs on Kentucky Peninsula near Evansville, Ind., and a 200-foot strip along the upstream bank and for bank pro- tection, provides that no expense shall be incurred by the United States for the acquiring of any lands required for the purpose of this improvement. Terminal facilities.-A complete report on water terminal facili- ties on the Ohio River from Pittsburgh to Cairo as they existed in 1918 is contained in House Document No. 652, Sixty-sixth Congress, second session. (Also see p. 1234 of Report on Construction of Locks and Dams, Ohio River.) Operations and results dri~9g fiscal year.-Dredging and con- traction works, where required to provide an adequate and depend- able channel of project depth at minimum pool conditions, were exe- cuted. The work accomplished during the year was as follows: Pittsburgh district.-Dredging operations were continued with United States dipper dredges Oswego and Ohio. The amount of dredged material removed was 130,200 cubic yards. Sixty heavy plate can and nun buoys were placed where needed in the channel. The cost was $79,576.84, of which $19,347.95 was for new work and $60,228.89 was for maintenance. The amount expended was $122,346.63. Huntington district.-Dredging operations were continued by United States dipper dredges Cincinnati and Colonel M. B. Adams and pipe-line dredge Major J. C. Mallery, the dipper dredges having been used principally on removal of dikes and for minor dredging work in the vicinity of the locks. The quantity of material removed was 629,172 cubic yards. The cost was $298,946.29, all for mainte- nance; the amount expended was $310,751.15. Cincinnati district.-Dredging operations were carried on by United States pipe-line dredges C. B. Harris and Major J. C. Mal- lery. and dipper dredges Marietta and Carrollton. The amount of material dredged was 723,460 cubic yards, practically all of which was removed from the channel. United States repair yards, Da~m No. 37.--Marine ways and at- tendant shops and plant were in continuous operation during the fiscal year. Dockages and repairs were made to various pieces of Engineer Department plant, as well as to privately owned barges and the naval reserve launch. Yard tracks, river terminals, grading, and roadways were completed by hired labor at a cost of $1,031.10. The costs in the Cincinnati district during the fiscal year were $436,086.67, of which $359,918.27 was for new work and $76,168.40 was for maintenance. The expenditures were $237,405.40. RIVERS AND HARBORS-OHIO RIVER LOCKS AND DAMS 1245 Louisville district.-Dredging to obtain and maintain a channel of project dimensions was continued during periods of favorable river stages with the U. S. suction dredges C. B. Harris,H. S. Taber, and Lake Charles, and U. S. dipper dredges Watauga and Nolin River, the two dipper dredges having been used principally for the removal of hardpan and rock at the upper approach to Dam No. 53, which work was completed in December, 1931. The quantity of material removed was 4,663,388 cubic yards. For the purpose of further stabilizing the channel at Pryors Island and thereby decreasing the amount of dredging required to maintain a channel of project dimensions at this location, a back channel dike having a length of 684 feet was constructed across the chute between Pryors Island and the Kentucky shore. This dike, which works in conjunction with the two spur dikes previously con- structed above the head of the island, is of the sand-fill type, having a wood-core wall and a blanket of riprap stone to protect the sand- fill against scour. The dike was constructed under contract at a total cost of $33,290.61. There was also constructed under contract about 3,000 linear feet of bank revetment near the head of Stewarts Island. The revetment, consisting of a lumber mattress below pool and stone paving above pool, was practically complete at the end of the fiscal year. The total cost of this work was $64,666.76. At the United States waterways experiment station, Vicksburg, Miss., model studies for the purpose of determining the most effective location of dikes and revetment at Walkers Bar were completed, and similar studies relative to dikes at Raleigh Bar were in progress. The cost was $8,843.41. Throughout the low-water season one steamboat and crew was especially assigned to sounding and marking the channel at critical bars and snagging. The cost in the Louisville district during the fiscal year was $842,- 481.35 for new work and $535,578.63 for maintenance, a total of $1,378,059.98. The expenditures were $1,260,000.17. Plant.-Under contract, the dredges H. S. Taber and Watauga and several fuel barges were docked and repairs made to the hulls. The machinery of the dredges Lake Charles, H. S. Taber, and Watauga was overhauled at the Paducah depot, and that of the dredge Nolin River at the Owensboro depot. Miscellaneous repairs, likewise, were made to the cabins, hulls, and boilers of these dredges. The engines of the steamers Miami and Ben Franklin No. 2 were overhauled under contracts. During the year two all-steel service launches and two messenger launches for use with dredges were pur- chased, the dredge Northern No. 2 disposed of by sale, and derrick boat No. 31 and barge No. 375 disposed of by transfer to other dis- tricts. There were no charges to permanent costs, as all strictly plant costs are carried as deferred items until reimbursed or liqui- dated by rentals, transfers, sales, etc. The reimbursements exceeded the expenditures by $992,831.84. The cost during the year on the entire river was $1,161,226.03 for new work and $770,922.21 for maintenance; the amount expended was $937,671.51. Condition at end of fiscal year.---Dredges were operated throughout the year with a view to providing an adequate and dependable chan- 1246 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1932 nel 9 feet deep at minimum pool conditions. In general this channel was maintained. Local stabilization of channel was effected at Pryors Island by construction of an additional dike and at head of Stewarts Island by placing of bank revetment. The cost of work amounted to $16,982,435.07, of which $10,910,- 587.47 was for new work and $6,071,847.60 was for maintenance. The amount expended was $19,587,477.37. Proposedoperations.-The balance unexpended, including accounts receivable, at the end of the year, together with an allotment of $1,331,000, made during July, 1932, will be applied as follows: Accounts payable, June 30, 1932_- --------- __-_------ $272, 550. 27 New work : Dredging (July, 1932-December, 1932)-------- $208, 584. 00 Revetments (completed July 2, 1932)----- 866. 51 Surveys and experimental studies_ - 15, 535. 54 -________ 224, 986. 05 Maintenance: Dredging (July, 1932-June, 1933)-----------1, 035, 679. 31 Surveys and channel marking (July-December, 1932) ---------------------------------- 109, 981. 76 1, 145, 661. 07 Care, repair, and replacement of plant (plant account, Louisville district) ------------------------------- --------------- 308, 410. 49 Total for all work ________------------- --- - - 1, 951, 607. 88 It is not possible to state definitely the rate at which funds avail- able at the close of the year will or can be expended, as the rate of progress is controlled largely by weather and river conditions. How- ever, it is believed that the funds will be exhausted at the end of the fiscal year 1933. With funds reserved for future allotment the following addi- tional work is proposed during the fiscal year 1933: New work: Dredging------------- -------------------------------- $526, 000 Dikes and bank revetment ---------- --------------------- 225, 000 Surveys and experimental studies-------------------------- 10, 000 Total----------------------------------------------- 761, 000 Maintenance: Dredging ---------------------------------------------- 200, 000 Surveys and channel marking-------------------------------30, 000 Total ----------------------------------------------- 230,000 The additional sum of $2,000,000 can be profitably expended dur- ing the fiscal year 1934, as follows: New work: Dredging (July, 1933-June, 1934) ----------------- $460, 000 Construction of dikes and bank revetments (August- October, 1933) ------------------------------- 260, 000 Surveys and experimental studies (July, 1933-June, 1934) ---------- ---------------------------- 80, 000 $800, 000 Maintenance: Dredging (July, 1933-June, 1934) ----------------- 1, 060, 000 Surveys and channel markings (July, 1933-June, 1934) ---------------------------------- 140, 000 1, 200,000 Total for all work -------------------------. 2, 000,000 RIVERS AND HARBORS---OHIO RIVER LOCKS AND DAMS 1247 Commecia statistics8.-For information relative to commercial statistics see report relating to the improvement of the Ohio River by the construction of locks and dams. Cost and financial summary Cost of new work to June 30, 1932 1 2----- ___ -------- $10, 910, 587. 47 Cost of maintenance to June 30, 1932 8__----_--__ -6, 071, 847. 60 Total cost of permanent work to June 30, 1932 .---.---- 16, 982, 435. 07 Value of plant, materials, etc., on hand June 30, 1932 ------- - 2, 620, 645. 84 Net total cost to June 30, 1932 __--------------- 19, 603, 080. 91 ..- Plus accounts receivable June 30, 1932-- ------- --- 256, 946. 73 Gross total costs to June 30, 1932___------------- 19, 860, 027. 64 Minus accounts payable June 30, 1932___ ----------------- 272, 550. 27 Net total expenditures ------------------------ 19, 587, 477. 37 Unexpended balance June 30, 1932-------------------------- 363, 661.15 Total amount appropriated to June 30, 1932----------- 19, 951, 138. 52 Fiscal year ending June 30 1928 1929 1930 1931 1932 Cost of new work------------- - 506, 269. 50 $638, 923. 87 1, 355, 487. 60 $1, 962, 275. 94 $1, 161, 226. 03 Cost of maintenance------------------- ------ ------------ 301, 454. 04 278,860.59 970, 922.21 Total cost......__-------------........._ 506, 269. 50 638, 923. 87 1, 656, 941. 64 2, 241, 136. 53 2,132,148. 24 Total expended----..... 410, 134. 95 -_____ 606, 939. 13 2, 190, 469. 31 2, 284, 660. 99 937, 671. 51 Allotted.........--------..........----... 390, 000. 00 1, 585, 500. 00 2, 367, 572. 13 2, 964, 334. 35 -1, 270, 878. 99 Balance unexpended July 1, 1931 -------------------------$2, 572, 211. 65 Amount allotted from War Department appropria- tion act approved May 28, 1930 ---------------- $9, 1°3. 08 Amount allotted from War Department appropria- tion act approved Feb. 23, 1931 ----------- 347, 359.70 356, 462. 78 Amount to be accounted for_ ....------------- ___ 2, 928, 674. 43 Deductions on account of revocation of allotments ---------- 1, 627, 341. 77 Net amount to be accounted for__---- -------------- 1, 301, 332. 66 Gross amount expended ------------------- 4, 051, 727. 67 Less: Reimbursements collected--- $3, 025, 019. 58 Receipts from sales----------- 89, 036. 58 3, 114, 056. 16 937, 671. 51 Balance unexpended June 30, 1932 ------------- _____ 363, 661. 15 Outstanding liabilities June 30, 1932 ......----- 358, 374. 95 Amount covered by uncompleted contracts-------- 41, 664. 09 400, 039 04 Balance available June 30, 1932_ - ___-- --------- 36, 377. 89 Accounts receivable June 30, 1932 ____-____-----256, 946. 73 Unobligated balance available June 30, 1932_____________ 220, 568. $4 1 Completed work increased $16,239.70, due to plant adjustment. 2 Decreased $104,763.09, account of transfer of value of plant to plant, materials, etc. a Completed work increased $40,252.54, due to plant adjustment. 140960--ENG 1932- 79) :1248 R~ PORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1932 Amount allotted from War Department appropriation act ap- proved July 14, 1932-...-------------------------------- $1, 331,000.00 Balance available for fiscal year 1933-----------------....... 1,551, 568.&84 Amount (estimated) required to be appropriated for completion of existing project ---------------------------------- 5, 600, 000. 00 Amount that can be profitably expended in fiscal year ending June 30, 1934: For new work '-------------------------------------- 800, 000. 00 For maintenance 4------------- ---------------------- 1, 200, 000.00 Total ------------------------------------------ 2, 000, 000. 00 4. OPERATING SNAG BOATS ON THE OHIO RIVER BELOW THE PENNSYLVANIA STATE LINE The improvement for which report is made under this caption is an outgrowth of the project for improving Ohio River (general im- provement) for which report is made on page 1242 of this report, where general information regarding the improvement can be found. The cost of removing snags, wrecks, and other obstructions on the Ohio River was borne by the appropriation for general improve- ment until 1890, when the river and harbor act of September 19, 1890, authorized an annual expenditure of not to exceed $25,000 for re- moving snags, wrecks, and other obstructions in the Ohio River. This amount was increased to $50,000 by section 3 of the river and harbor act of June 3, 1896. (See map following p. 2548, Annual Report for 1913.) Recommended modifcations of project.-None. Local cooperation.-None. Operations and results during fiscal year.-The light-draft snag- ging plant Mingo and towboat Guyandot and snagboat Kentucky operated from the Pennsylvania State line to Louisville, Ky., remov- ing snags, wrecks, and other obstructions from the channel. From Louisville, Ky., to Cairo, Ill., plant in the Louisville district was employed on this work and reimbursement made to that district from the annual allotment for snagging. The snagging plant was employed from July 1, 1931, until Decem- ber 1, 1931, at which time it went into repair status for overhauling. Repairs were not completed on the Mingo by June 30, 1932, but operations were resumed by other plant on February 1, 1932. Snagging work was continued during all periods of the year except when the stages of the river were too high for efficient work. During the period the following obstructions were removed from the channel': 2,163 snags, 58 wrecks, 1,462.2.tons of stone, and 616 cords of drift. The amount expended for this work was $48,420.97 by day labor. Cost of work was $50,000. Condition at end of fiscal year.--Owing to natural causes, snags are continuously being deposited in the river, rendering continuous work necessary to provide an unobstructed channel for navigation. No statement. can be made of the proportion of the work accom- 'Exclusive of available funds. RIVERS AND HARBORS--PITTSBURGIH, PA., DISTRICT 1249 plished. The operation of the plant provided a reasonably cleat, channel at the end of the fiscal year. The total amount expended to the end of the fiscal year wag $1,550,591.57. Proposedoperations.-Funds for carrying on operations under this project are provided for by the permanent annual appropriation of $50,000 authorized by act of June 3, 1896. Commercial statistics.-See report relating to the improvement of the Ohio River by the construction of locks and dams. Cost and fina oial summary Cost of maintenance to June 30, 19321--------------------$1, 553, 135. 19 Minus accounts payable June 30, 1932_ ...... ______ __- - 2, 543. 62 --- Net total expenditures--_______- - ______--- __ 1, 550, 591. 5" Unexpended balance June 30, 1932----___________- -______- .4,311. 73 Total amount appropriated to June 30, 1932_- ----- __-1, 554, 903. 30 Fiscal year ending June 30 1928 1929 1930 1931 1932 Cost of new work----------_---- -- ------------------------------------------- Cost of maintenance---- ---------------- $38, 262.43 $54, 100. 01 $38, 016.72 $49, 361.82 $50, 00. Q Total expended]----_-------------------- 35, 121.52 57, 240. 92 45, 792.35 40, 621. 60 48, 420. Q7 Allotted-.------------------------- __- 50, 000.00 50, 000.00 50, 000.00 38, 189. 10 38,692. $3 Balance unexpended July 1, 1931 14, 039. 7 $_________________ Amount allotted from War Department appropriation act approved June 3,1896------------------------------------------- 50, 000.'00 Amount to be accounted for---------------------------- 64, 039. r~ Deductions on account of revocation of allotment- ---- ___ --- 11, 307. 07 Net amount to be accounted for ____________________ 52, 732. 7 Gross amount expended___------------------------- $50, 906.77 Less reimbursements collected_---__----- 2,485.80 48, 420. ) Balance unexpended June.30, 1932__-- --.---------- - 4, 311. . Outstanding liabilities June 30, 1932----------- ----- __ 2,543. 6 Balance available June 30, 1932-------------------- 1,768. 1~l IMPROVEMENT OF RIVERS AND HARBORS IN TH PITTSBURGH, PA., DISTRICT This district includes the watershed of the Ohio River above mile 109, between C(Japtina Island and Powhatan Point, a distance of 109 miles, and includes Emsworth and Dashields Dams and Dams No4. 4 to 13, inclusive. The rivers included in this district are the Mo- nongahela, Pa. and W. Va., the Allegheny, Pa. and N. Y., Youghi4- gheny River, Pa., tributaries not now under improvement, and tle upper Ohio for 109 miles below its head at Pittsburgh, Pa. 1Previous costs for fiscal year 1930 increased $964.59, cost of snagging in LouisviAe district in 1930. 250 REPORT OF. CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1932 District engineer: Lieut. Col. Jarvis J. Bain, Corps of Engineers, to July 30, 1931; Capt. Harry W. Hill, Corps of Engineers, to Sep- tember 16, 1931; and Maj. W. D. Styer, "Corps of Engineers, since that date. Sector engineer: Lieut. Col. R. G. Powell, Corps of Engineers. Division engineer: Col. George R. Spalding, Corps of Engineers. IMPROVEMENTS Page Page 1. Monongahela River, Pa. and 6. Ohio River above mile 109, W. Va .---- ___ ----- 1250 construction of locks and .2. Operating and care of locks dams--- ----------- __ 1267 an d d a m s, Monongahela 7. Operating and care of locks River, Pa. and W. Va_____ 1256 and dams at Emsworth and .3. Allegheny River, Pa., open- Dashields, and Nos. 4 to channel work-...--.-.. 1257 13, inclusive, Ohio River,_ 1267 4. Allegheny River, Pa., con- 8. Ohio River, open-channel struction of locks and dams. 1260 work----------- -- 1267 "S. Operating and care of locks 9. Youghiogheny River, Pa ... 1267 and dams, Allegheny River, 10. Examinations, surveys, and Pa--------------------- 1265 contingencies (general) __ 1269 1. MONONGAHELA RIVER, PA. AND W. VA. !of Location and description.-This river is formed by the junction the Tygarts and West Fork Rivers, about 1 mile south of Fair- mont, W. Va., and flows in a northerly direction 128 miles to its junction with the Allegheny River, forming the Ohio River at Pitts- burgh, Pa. The drainage area is about 7,340 square miles. The dis- charge varies from 160 to 207,000 second-feet. The current is rapid. The width of the river varies from 420 feet at its head to 900 feet ,at Pittsburgh. From Fairmont to Lock No. 7 the fall averages 2.1 'feet per mile, and from Lock No. 7 to the mouth 0.7 foot per mile. The extreme flood oscillation is about 35 feet at Pittsburgh. Low- ,water conditions prevail from June to September. (See U. S. Geo- logical Survey Charts for Pennsylvania and West Virginia.) Original condition.-Prior to 1840 the river was navigable for steamboats at high stages only as far as Brownsville, Pa., 56 miles .iabove the mouth. Light-draft flats and rafts could be floated down- 'stream at a low-water depth of 12 inches for the entire length of the river. Previous projects.-The original project for Monongahela River, ,iPa. and W. Va., was adopted by the act of June 10, 1872, and ex- tended by the acts of June 3, 1896, and June 4, 1897. Under these projects, all completed, the cost and expenditures were $5,420,540.52 for new work and $741.66 for maintenance, a total of $5,421,282.18. For further details see page 1910 of Annual Report for 1915. : Existing,project.-This provides for the improvement of the river by 14 locks and dams to afford slack-water navigation from Pitts- burgh, Pa., to 4 miles above Fairmont, W. Va., a distance of 131 miles. Original Locks Nos. 1 to 7, inclusive, were built by the Monongahela Navigation Co. and acquired by the United States in 1897, and Locks 8 to 15, inclusive, were built by the United States jrior to 1904. Locks 7, 8, and 9 are replaced by new Locks 7 and 8. Increased traffic necessitated an enlargement and improvement of the locks and dams between Pittsburgh and Rices Landing, Pa. In RPEB8 AND HARBORS-PITTSBU RGE, PA.,DISTRICT 1251; rebuilding the locks and dams from Nos. 1 to 6 the adopted stand- ard was two parallel chambers each 56 by 360 feet, with 8 feet depth on sills and fixed concrete dams. New Locks Nos. 7 and 8 are single chambers 56 by 360 feet. The project includes the building of Locks 10 to 15, inclusive, single locks 56 by 182 feet, with 7 feet depth on sills, and fixed concrete dams, which are still adequate for the present traffic. The channel width varies from 125 feet in pool No. 15 to 500 feet in pool No. 1. The existing project was authorized as follows: Enlargement and improvement of Lock and Dam No. 6, additional works at Lock No. 3, and for new repair steamer and new dredge boat with equipment, by the act of March 3, 1899, at an estimated cost of $185,556 (see Annual Report of the Chief of Engineers fox 1897, pp. 2423-2424); also acquisition of land and additional ink, provements at Nos. 5 and 6, authorized by the act of March 3, 190., at a cost of $7,850. (See Annual Report for 1904, p. 460.) Rebuilding of Lock and Dam No. 2, by the act of June 13, 1902, "in accordance with the report submitted by the engineer in charge, dated February 4, 1902 " (not printed), at an estimated cost of $655,961; estimate increased in 1910 to $698,961 (see Annual Repo4A for 1909, p. 1756). Rebuilding of Lock and Dam No. 3 by the act of March 3, 1905, at an estimated cost of $589,196. (H. Doc. No. 209, 58th Cong., 2d sess.) Reconstruction of Lock and Dam No. 5, by the act of March 2, 1907, at an estimated cost of $756,042. (H. Doc. No. 209, 58th Cong., 2d sess.) Reconstruction of Lock and Dam No. 6, by the act of March 4, 1913, at an estimated cost of $356,400 (H. Doc. No. 1217, 62d Cong., 3d sess.); estimate increased in 1916 to $418,860. Additional improvements by the act of September 22, 1922 (It Doc. No. 288, 67th Cong., 2d sess.), at estimated costs as follows: Guide walls and guard walls, Nos. 1 to 6__--- Lengthening land chamber of Lock No. 3 to 720 feet-------------- ________--- 0 - - $1, 255, 13 787, 722 New chamber (360 feet long), Lock No. 4_-.-.-.... ____-- __- 699, 78$ Lock and Dam No. 7-------------------------------------- 1, 161, 24i Lock and Dam No. 8- ------------------------------ 1, 165, 758 Lock and Dam No. 7 (second chamber)---------------___ ---- 419, 1& Lock and Dam No. 8 (second chamber) __--- _____-_____ - -504, 465 Reconstruction of Dam No. 4_............. 397, 211 Marine ways, repair plant, office, and warehouse-----------------250, 000 Total --------------------------------------------- 6, 640, 43 The act of July 3, 1930, modified the existing project so as t4 provide for the construction of new locks and dam about 21/2 mile} below the existing structure, at an estimated cost of $2,175,000, in lieu of the work authorized at old Lock and Dam No. 4. (R. and IH. Com. Doc. No. 22, 70th Cong., 2d sess.) A congressional amendment approved January 31, 1931, provided "that the Chief of Engineers may, in his discretion, locate the new locks and dam above the exist,, ing structure and on such site as he may deem most desirable." (Pubj Res. No. 117, 71st Cong., 3d sess.) The total estimated cost of new work, revised in 1930, is $12,500,1 000, exclusive of amounts expended on previous projects. 1252 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1932 Locks and dams, Monongahela River, Pa. and W. Va. :1"'1~ .T Depths on miter Location Dimensions sills at normal Character of foundation pool level I Lift at 1 No. normal Miles Width Avail- able pool rl:, above Nearest town of level mouth cham- length for full Lower Upper Lock Dam ber width Feet Feet Feet Feet Feet 1 1.9 Pittsburgh, Pa---------. 156 360 7.4 10.0 12.2 Rock...... Rock and Pa gravel. 2 11. 2 Braddock, Pa-----........--__ 156 362 7. 9 11. 7 11. 7 Gravel.... Gravel. &tg 23.8 Elizabeth, Pa..---------- 56 { 360 8.7 12.2 12.9 Rock.... Do. "4 40.9 North Charleroi, Pa ... 156 360 8.8 12.9 9. 7 Gravel--.... Do. 4,, 41.5 Charleroi, Pa.......... 1 5I }10. 7 360720 10. 9 14. 2 _..do-...... Do. ,, 56. 5 Brownsville, Pa ........ 156 360 12. 6 10. 7 11.8 Rock_-.__ Do. 68.3 Rices Landing, Pa-..... 156 360 13. 1 10. 5 11.8 __do-...... Rock and gravel. 7 84.8 Greensboro, Pa--------- ..... 56 360 15.0 10. 5 11.0 Rock and Rock and fire clay. fire clay. t8 90. 6 Point Marion, Pa---...... 56 360 15. 0 10. 5 11. 0 ___do....... Do. 10 101.5 Morgantown, W. Va_ - 56 182 10. 2 7. 4 8. O___do--...... Do. 1 104. 1 Uffington, W. Va...-... 56 182 10. 7 7. 0 8.0 .. do....... Do. :12 109. 1 Little Falls, W. Va-.... 56 182 10. 7 7. 0 8. 0 __do.... Do. 413 111. 6 -.... do__---------- ------ 56 182 10. 7 7.0 8.0 ___do....__, Do. 14 115. 0 Lowsville, W. Va--- -_ 56 182 10. 7 7. 0 8. 0 ._do...... Do. 15 124. 2 Hoult, W. Va---------- 56 182 10. 7 7. 0 8. 0 Do. .__do---..... Type of construction Percent- Kind of age of Year of Estimated or No. damo comple pe- actualcost Lock Dam tion tion .1 Fixed_-- ___ Concrete ...--....-------. Timber and concrete ..... 71 ------ $971, 244.27 - .....do--------............. do------------ Concrete--....-- ------------- 100 1927 905, 098. 44 3 -.. do----... ---- d.... ............--------------------d ----------..----- 1, 681, 538.00 98 ......------.. .4 -- do-------- ---- do----------- Timber--_ ---------------- 37 -------- 780,816.00 44 .. do-------........__do..... ..---------- Concrete-----....-------------. 89 ....... 1,978,478.92 '5 ..... do-------............--do----........-----------.. do-----.....-------- ------ 100 1927 1,074, 812.00 6 --... do---------do-------- - Timberand concrete----- - 99 -------- 769,507.04 7 -- -do------.-----do.--.---------- Concrete---------------- 98 3 2, 622, 750.00 -----. -do..---------.do..--_-----------do---------------. - 991 -------- s2,083,514.23 10 -.. do--------- do-------------------do.------------------ 100 1903 210,444.64 S11--..do------------ do----------- ----- 12 _-.do---.-----do---------------do------------------- do------- ------------- 100 100 1903 1904 227,668.41 200,550.35 .13 3-.do.-------.--do------- ------ do_- - - 100 1904 190,690. 51 14 ..... do----....... -- do...-------... --- -- do----................---------------- 100 1904 210, 126. 87 15 ..... do-----........----do........-------------....do----. ---------------- 100 1904 175, 828. 52 I 2 chambers. 5 Practically completed. a Estimated. ' Under construction; nearly completed. .Marine ways, etc---------------------------------------- $250, 000.00 "Abandoned Lock and Dam No. 8-----------------------------245, 900. 00 }Abandoned Lock and Dam No. 9-- 1-----------------191, 000. 00 Partial cost of worn-out and abandoned Locks and Dams Nos. 1 to 7, inclusive, and franchise ___-------------_____ -- 2, 744, 501.17 Recommended modifications of project.-None. Local cooperation.-None. Terminal facilities.-There are practically no terminal facilities available to the public except boat landings maintained by munici- palities along the river. Provision has been made for the trans- shipment of freight between railroads and river at one plant near Lock No. 5, one at the docks of the Union Railroad Co., at Duquesne, RIVERS AND HARBORS--PITTSBURGH, PA., DISTRICT 1253 a rail-to-river transfer at Munhall, and privately owned river-to-rail' sand and gravel tipples. An extensive paved wharf is provided by the city of Pittsburgh of ample proportions for a large packet and passenger trade, and the city now contemplates the erection, in the near future, of a modern terminal at Hays Station, in pool No. 1 for general public use. A large number of tipples at mines and hoists of various types at manufacturing plants are maintained for private use in loading and unloading coal, coke, billets, steel, sand, gravel, oil, acid, etc but these are not available for the purpose of general commerce. Exist- ing private terminals are adequate for shipment and receipt in the Pittsburgh district of the type of commerce now in existence. The Glassport terminal of the Kelly Axe & Tool Co. affords facilities for limited commerce beyond the capacity of the packet boats note handled through private terminals. The provision of river-to-rail and rail-to-river transfer terminals on an extensive scale is not im- portant, since 98 per cent of traffic using the river passes through private terminals, which are more than adequate for the prospective commerce. (For further details see H. Doc. No. 652, 66th Cong., 2d sess.) Operations and results during fiscal year.-New Lock and Dam No. 4: Completion under contract of the lock, guide, and guard walls, the miter and guard sills, concrete lock floors, and the con- tract fill landward of the lock. The abutment and 310 linear feet of dam were completed and the cofferdam placed for completion of the last section, all under contract. The dam and locks are 89 per cent complete. The installation of lock operating machinery by hired labor was commenced on January 28, 1932. Gate anchorages, gates, valves, valve and gate operating machinery, recess covers, and auxiliary equipment, with the exception of water-power plant, have been in- stalled. A temporary steam power plant was installed. The large lock.was placed in operation on May 13, 1932. Seventy thousand seven hundred and thirty cubic yards of mate- rial were dredged by contract below old Dam No. 4, completing the channel below the dam. Dredging of the lower approach from the new lock to within 100 feet of old Dam No. 4 by U. S. dredge; Allegheny was started on March 26, 1932; 145,000 cubic yards scow: measurement were removed, making the necessary dredging between the new lock and old dam 82 per cent completed. Contract was awarded for the construction of river and middle wall power houses and land wall administration building. Work was commenced on April 12, 1932, and is 58 per cent complete. Lock No. 1.-The construction of the lower guide wall, 775 feet in length, was completed. The 70-foot extension of the middle lock was completed. Dredging on river side of guide wall and riprapping of bank below guide wall were completed. The total cost, all for new work, was $1,527,907.10. The total expenditures were $1,688,734.56. Condition at end of fiscal year.-The project is about 89 per cent complete. Fourteen locks and dams are in operation furnishing 254 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARbY, 1932 lack-water navigation from Pittsburgh, Pa., to a point 4 miles above F'airmont, W. Va., a distance of 131 miles. The controlling depth 1between Pittsburgh and Dam No. 10 is 8 feet and above Dam No. 10 7 feet. Further information relating to the locks and dams may be fQund under the table in paragraph Existing project. The river is navigable throughout the year except for about 5 days annually on account of high water and ice below Lock No. 7 and for 30 days annually above Lock No. 7. The work remaining to be done to complete the project is the ex- tension of the upper guard structure at Lock No. 7 and the comple- tion of new Lock and Dam No. 4, all authorized by the river and harbor act of September 22, 1922, as modified by the act of July 3, 1930. The total cost of the existing project to the end of the fiscal year, all for new work, was $9,932,037.59. The total expenditures under the existing project to the end of the fiscal year were $9,934,360.73. Proposed operations.--The balance unexpended at the end of the year, together with an allotment of $286,000 made July 15, 1932, will be applied as follows: Accounts payable June 30, 1932___ ------____-- _ $3, 148. 10 New work: New Lock and Dam No. 4-- Completing construction of dam and abutment (July 1, 1932, to Sept. 1, 1932)-----------------------------97, 606. 10 Completing construction of lock buildings (July 1, 1932, to July 18, 1932) --------- ------------------------- 11, 359. 34 Completing operating machinery and lock equipment (July 1, 1932, to June 30, 1933) --------------------------- 80, 719.82 Completing bank protection (July 1, 1932, to Dec. 31, 1932) 15, 000. 00 Completing esplanade (July 1, 1932, to Dec. 1, 1932) ------ 27, 100. 00 Removing old Dam No. 4 (Sept. 1, 1932, to Mar. 4, 1933)__ 102, 500. 00 Completing dredging of approaches (July 1, 1932, to Aug. 1, 1932)--------------------------------------- 4, 400. 00 Total for all work 351, 833.36 It is proposed to expend the available funds at approximately the following rates: July and August, 1932, $75,000; September and October, 1932, $40000; November, 1932, $30,000; December, 1932, $15,000; January, February, and March, 1933, $11,527.70. (Funds will be exhausted about March 4, 1933.) The dam, lock buildings, and lock machinery are being constructed by contract. The bank protection, dredging, installation of machinery, and removal of old dam is to be done by hired labor to minimize interference with navigation. Additional new work to include the extension of the upper guard wall at Lock No. 7, at an estimated cost of $64,000, and the purchase of land at Lock No. 8 and flowage easements in Pool No. 8, at an esti- mated cost of $4,500, is planned for this year, and these additional sums will be allotted on completion of necessary plans and negotia- tions, when the cost of the work will be more definitely known. Completion of all essential features of the project with the above -funds being contemplated, no additional funds can be profitably expended during the fiscal year ending June 30, 1934. RIVERS AND HARBORS--PITTSBURGH, PA.,' DISTRICT 1256 Conimercial statistics.-Virtually all of the commerce consists of commodities in bulk carried in barges. The usual draft of the loaded barges is from 6 to 81/2 feet. Most of the commerce (99,7 per cent) is carried on the reach between Morgantown, W. Va., and Pittsburgh, Pa., a distance of 101 miles. There is given below a comparative statement of the total com- merce of the Monongahela River. For 1931 the tonnage was dis- tributed as follows: Per cent Per cent Coal-------7---------------- 7. 2 Sand ----------------------- 4. Coke ---------------- _6. O0 Iron and steel---------------- 4..8 Gravel---------------- ------ 5.5 Miscellaneous---------- ----- 1.7 Comparative statement Calendar Tons Value Passengers Tons Value Passengers yearTs year VlP 1927-......... 25, 873, 029 $135, 760, 330 1, 165, 117 1930-------......... 25, 657, 054 $148, 322, 557 445,7,67 1928--------......... 27, 412, 143 170, 974, 558 765, 943 1931-...---... 15, 948, 620 74, 697, 547 304, 411 1929-------- 28, 907, 614 166, 121, 576 592, 130 ADDITIONAL TRAFFIC General ferry Cargoes in transit Calendar year Tons Value Tons Value 1930-----......-----------------------------------158, 330 $7, 916, 500 89, 599 $1, 051, 935 1931..-------------- --------------------------- 97, 443 4, 872,150 79, 604 1, 235, 366 Cost and financial summary Cost of new work to June 30, 1932-------------------------- $15, 352. 578. 11 Cost of maintenance to June 30, 1932------------------------- 741. 66 Total cost of permanent work to June 30, 1932---------15, 353, 319.77 Value of plant, materials, etc., on hand June 30, 1932 ---.------- 5, 471. 24 Net total cost to June 30, 1932--------------- -------- 15, 358, 791. 01 Minus accounts payable June 30, 1932------- --------- 3, 148. 10 Net total expenditures 5, 355, 642. 91 ------------------ 1----------- Unexpended balance June 30, 1932 ---------------------------- 65, 833. 36 Total amount appropriated to June 30, 1932-----------15, 421, 476.27 Fiscal year ending June 30 1928 1929 1930 1931 1932 Cost of new work-------........--........ $322, 726. 44 $178, 121.34 $126, 680. 83 $512, 777. 27 $1, 527, 907.10 Cost of maintenance-.-------- .. --------.. . . . ----- .------- ..--.... .. Total expended...---------------- 317, 570.71 177, 589.29 138, 072.57 338, 989. 50 1, 688, 734. 50 Allotted----------------------617, 780. 00 425,000. 00 -700,000.00 1,578,500.00 450, 000.00 1256 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1932 Balance unexpended July 1, 1931--.....-- .. , ......--------- $1, 304, 567. 92 Amount allotted from War Department appropri- ation act approved Mar. 23, 1928_ $48, 000. 00 'Amount allotted from War Department appropri- ation act approved Feb. 23, 1927 ............. 50,000.00 Amount allotted from War Department appropri- ation act approved May 28, 1930 __....... 240, 000. 00 Amount allotted from War Department appropri- ation act approved Feb. 23, 1931 .... 112, 000. 00) 450, 000. 00 Amount to be accounted for. 1, 754, 567. 92 Gross amount expended ____--------___ 1, 703, 862.68 Less reimbursements collected------------------- 15, 128. 12 1, 688, 734. 56 Balance unexpended June 30, 1932_ 65, 833. 36 Outstanding liabilities June 30, 1932___- ___ 15, 305. 66 Amount covered by uncompleted contracts------- 22, 687. 10 37, 992. 76 Balance available June 30, 1932-------------------------27, 840. 60 Amount allotted by War Department appropriation act ap- proved July 14, 1932 ------------------------------------286, 000. 00 Balance available for fiscal year 1933-------------------313, 840. 60 Amount (estimated) required to be appropriated for completion of existing project 16----------- --- 8, 500. 00 2. OPERATING AND CARE OF LOCKS AND DAMS, MONONGAHELA RIVER, PA. AND W. VA. The improvement for which report is made under this caption forms part of the project for Monongahela River, Pa. and W. Va. See pages 1250 to 1256, where general information can be found. The completed locks and dams have been operated and maintained under the permanent indefinite appropriation as follows: Nos. 1 to 6, since 'July 7, 1897; No. 7, since November 11, 1925; No. 8, since October 12, 1925; No. 10, since December 7, 1903; No. 11, since December 17, 1903; No. 12, since December 19, 1903; No. 13, since January 4, 1904; No. 14, since December 28, 1903; and No. 15, since December 23, 1903. Operations and results during fiscal year.--All structures were op- erated and maintained in serviceable condition throughout the year. The total costs of operation and maintenance during the fiscal year were $819,979.94. The total expenditures amounted to $709,711.23. Condition at end of fiscal year.-The 14 locks and dams are in serviceable condition. The head of navigation is at a point 4 miles above Fairmont, W. Va. For controlling depths and condition of locks and dams see Monongahela River, Pa. and W. Va., pages 1250 to 1256 of this report. The total cost of operation and main- tenance to the end of the fiscal year was $18,161,854.99. The net total amount expended from the permanent indefinite appropriation to the end of the fiscal year was $18,997,511.97. Proposed operations.-The locks and dams will be operated and maintained under allotments from the permanent indefinite appro- priation provided by section 6 of the river and harbor act of March 3, 1909. Commercial statistics.-See preceding report on Monongahela River. 1 Exclusive of available funds. RIVERS AND HARBORS--PITTSBURGH, PA., DISTRICT 125;. Cost and finanotal summary Cost of maintenance to June 30, 1932 ---- -------- $18, 161, 854. 9@ Value of plant, materials, etc., on hand June 30, 1932----------- 907, 879.97 Net total cost to June 30, 1932--------------------- 19, 069, 734. 9 Plus accounts receivable June 30, 1932____---------------------- 13,442. 05i Gross total costs to June 30, 1932------------------- 19, 083, 177. 01 Minus accounts payable June 30, 1932------------------- 85, 665.04 Net total expenditures---- ----------------- ---- 18, 997, 511. 97 Unexpended balance June 30, 1932------------------------- 319, 780. 45' Total amount appropriated to June 30, 1932----------- 19,317, 292. 42 Fiscal year ending June 30 1928 1929 1930 1931 1932 Cost ofnew work.. ------- Cost of maintenance..........----------...--..------.......$667, 303.28 $780, 370. 54 $856, 540. 25 $939, 115. 63 $819, 979. 94 Total expended---------------------------- 667, 303. 28 780,370.54 942, 714.76 901, 394.40 709,711.23 sra .l . . .. , n.r , .. r ,39. ,O|., 71. ,3 Total expended Allotted-- _--..-....-..- -- -990,000.00 600,000.00 900,000.00 925,000.00 843, 879. g Balance unexpended July 1, 1931__ ____-_ _______ $185, 611.69 Amount allotted from permanent indefinite appropriations, sec. 6, river and harbor act, Mar. 3, 1909 ---- _, ----- 867. 483. 28 Amount to be accounted for ______-------- -- ____ 1, 053, 094. 97 Deductions on account of revocations of allotment----____---- 23, 603.29 Net amount to be accounted for-.... - ____-- _____ 1, 029, 491.68 Gross amount expended_ --- ------- $1, 264, 425. 14 Less: Reimbursements collected ------ $524, 817. 13 Receipts from sales----- --- _ 29, 896. 78 554, 713. 91 709, 711. 23 Balance unexpended June 30, 1932 .----------------- 319, 780.45, Outstanding liabilities June 30, 1932_- --- ____--268, 674. 69 Amount covered by uncompleted contracts-------- 51, 386. 50 320, 061. 19.' Balance available June 3, 1932----------------- -280. 74 Accounts receivable June 30, 1932_ ____-_------------ 13, 442. 05. Unobligated balance available June 30, 1932______ _____ 13, 161. 31' Amount allotted for fiscal year 1933__ __ ______ ___--___-- 675, 000. 0( Balance available for fiscal year 1933 .-. ____________-_ 688, 161. 31 3. ALLEGHENY RIVER, PA.-OPEN-CHANNEL WORK Location amnd description.-This river rises in northern Pennsyl- vania, flows northwestward into New York, and thence southward. to Pittsburgh, Pa., where it joins with the Monongahela River tot, form the Ohio. Its length is 325 miles. The drainage area is 11,705,. square miles, low-water discharge 650 second-feet, and highest.; measured discharge about 300,000 second feet. High or low water.. may occur at any time, but most of the freshets come in the late winter and spring. The current is rapid. The average fall per mile-i. e., from Olean, N. Y., to the mouth-is 2.2 feet. The 1258 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S., ARMY, 1932 average width varies gradually from 225 feet at Olean to 1,060 at ,the mouth. (See U. S. Geological Survey Charts of Pennsylvania and New York, unnumbered.) Original condition.--The river contained obstructive bowlders, snags, islands, bars, and shoals, making navigation hazardous and racticable only at the higher stages. The channel width was ex- tremely variable. The minimum, safe, usable, low-water depth was about 3 feet. Rafting, lo ging, and light steamboating extended from Olean, N. Y., to Pittsburgh, Pa., a distance of 255 miles. Previous projects.--None. Emisting project.--This provides for improvement of the open cchannel from the mouth to the New York State line, 214 miles, by the removal of bowlders and snags and the construction, where needed, of low dams and dikes to close secondary channels and con- centrate the low-water flow on shoals. The existing project was authorized by the following river and harbor acts: The act of March 3, 1879, provided for channel clearing and low dams and dikes from the mouth to French Creek (H. Ex. Doc. No. 21, 46th Cong., 3d sess., reprinted in the Annual Report for 1879, p. 1371); and the act of August 2, 1882, extended similar improvement from French .Creek to the New York State line (S. Ex. Doc. No. 89, 46th Cong., 2d sess.). The original approved (1879) estimate for work from the mouth to mouth of French Creek, 126 miles, was $51,425, and the approved (1880) estimate for extension of the work from French creek to New York State line, 88 miles (214 miles from the mouth), was $40,000; total, $91,425, all of which was for new work. The latest (1928) approved estimate for annual cost of mainte- nance is $5,000. The latest published map is in House Document No. 740, Sixty-third Congress, second session. Recommended modification of project.-None. Local cooperation.--None. Terminal facilities.-The only terminal facilities consist in a few boat landings along the river. No provision has been made for the transshipment of freight between river and railroads, except for privately owned sand and gravel tipples. Privately maintained terminals adequate to the needs may be relied on to develop with the increase in commerce. (For further details see H. Doc. No. 652, 66th Cong., 2d sess.) Operations and results during fiscal year.-Dike repairs including the renewal of 800 linear feet of worn-out timbers and 68 crossties 'were made, 1,048 cubic yards of stone fill were placed, and all dis- ripted stone paving was replaced. Two spur dikes at Cowanshan- nock were removed. The total cost, all for maintenance, was $3,- 025.43. The total expenditures during the fiscal year were $3,025.43. : Condition at end of fiscal year.-The existing project was com- pleted in 1898. Of the 10 constructed low dams and dikes, those at Six Mile and Nicholson Islands and the two Cowanshannock Dikes have been permanently eliminated by the extension of slack water from the mouth of the river to Rimerton and the latter two have been removed. The remaining open channel structures, while much de- teriorated, still perform their functions. There has been established a well-defined channel from 150 feet wide and 1 foot deep at low RIVERS AND HARBORS-PITTSBURGH, PA., DISTRICT 125 water at the New York State line, to about 200 feet wide and 11/ feet deep at low water at the head of Pool No. 8 at Rimerton, Pad Steamboat navigation above Kittanning has been improved by the removal of the obstructive bridge at Kittanning. Slack-water im-, provements from the mouth to Rimerton, Pa., have reduced the. length of the open channel improvement by 61 miles. For locks an} dams completed or proposed, see report on construction of locks and dams. The total costs of the existing project at the end of the fiscal year were $197,000 for new work and $133,839.89 for maintenance, a total of $330,839.89. The total expenditures under the existing project are $330,839.89. Proposed operations.-The balance unexpended at the end of the year, together with an allotment of $2,500, made July 15, 1932, a total of $3,284.63, will be applied to sundry repairs to open-channel structures and removal of channel obstructions and snags during th . period July 1 to October 30, 1932. The additional sum of $2,500 can be profitably expended during the fiscal year ending June 30, 1934, to be applied to repairs to Red Bank Dike and removal of snags and channel obstructions (July to October, 1933). Commercial statistics.-The commerce on this reach of the river consists o sand and gravel carried in barges from dredges to hoists on the river bank where it is loaded into trucks and railroad cars. The usual draft of the loaded barges is from 3 to 5 feet. There is given below a comparative statement of the commerce oni the open river above slackwater. For 1931 the tonnage was dis - tributed as follows: Gravel 66.6 per cent, sand 33.4 per cent. Comparative statement f " Calendar year Tons Value Calendar year Tons Value ' 1927---------------------98,060 $98, 060 1930--------------------237,562 $237, 56 92--------------------214,657 214,657 1931---------------------60071 60,071 1929_...-.----..------.--_ 247, 580 247,580 Cost and financial su.mmary Cost of new work to June 30, 1932___- ________-_______--_ $197, 000. 00 Cost of maintenance to June 30, 1932_-... ._____ 133, 839. 89 Total cost of permanent work to June 30, 1932___________ 330, 839. 89 Net total expenditures------ ---------------------------- 330, 839. 89^ Unexpended balance June 30, 1932 ...----------. ______ ___ 784. 03 Total amount appropriated to June 30, 1932-------------331, 624. 5 Fiscal year ending June 30 1928 1929 1930 1931 1932? Cost of new work... Cost of maintenance- ------------------.. . $3, 364.08 $2, 686. 73 $2, 943.94 $4,321.66 $3, 025. 43 Total expended....--------------------------- 3, 364. 08 2, 686. 73 2, 943. 94 4,321. 66 3, 025. 43 Allotted-.....----- ------------------------ 3,000.00 3,000.00 3,000.00 2,500.00 -2,000.00 1260 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 19 3 2 SBalance unexpended July 1, 1931__________________________________ $5,810. 06 Deductions on account of revocation of allotment----------------- 2,000.00 Net amount to be accounted for ----------------------- 3, 810.06 :Gross amount expended----------------------------------------- 3, 025.43 Balance unexpended June 30, 1932--_...--....... _- -- --- 784. 63 Amount allotted from War Department appropriation act approved July 14, 1932--------------- ----------------------------- 2, 500. 00 Balance available for fiscal year 1933--- -------- 3,284. 63 Amount that can be profitably expended in fiscal year ending June 30, - - - - -- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 1934, for maintenance 2, 500. 00 4. ALLEGHENY RIVER, PA.--CONSTRUCTION OF LOCKS AND DAMS Location and description and original condition.-See report on Allegheny River, Pa., open-channel improvement. Previous projects.-None. Existing project.--This project provides for eight locks and dams establishing a least slack-water depth of 9 feet in the lower 61 miles o~f the river. Afterdredging a 9-foot channel with a 200-foot width below Lock No. 2, Lock and Dam No. 1 are to be eliminated. The estimate for new work, revised in 1930, is $14,346,126.82. No 'estimate for maintenance was made. The existing project was authorized by the following river and harbor acts: The act of August 5, 1886, provided for Lock and Dam No. 1 (Annual Report for 1886, p. 1545, which contemplated a fixed dam); on September 29, 1891, the Secretary of War authorized the change to a movable dam (Annual Report for 1891, p. 2366) ; the act of June 3, 1896, provided for Locks and Dams Nos. 2 and 3 (Annual Report for 1896, p. 2214); the act of July 25, 1912, provided for Locks and Dams Nos. 4 to 8, inclusive (H. Doc. No. 540, 62d Cong., 2d sess.). The act of July 3, 1930, modified the existing project so as to pro- vide for a depth of 9 feet in the lower 61 miles; for the replacement of Lock and Dam No. 1 by a dredged channel 9 feet deep and 200 feet wide up to Lock No. 2; and for the modification of Locks and Dams Nos. 2 and 3 by the construction of a standard lock (56 by 360 feet) riverward of the present locks, the deepening and other- wise improving of the existing locks, the protection of Dam No. 2, and the raising of Dam No. 3 to its original elevation, or 11/2 feet higher than at present, at a total estimated cost of $3,615,000. Pro- vided, that the Secretary of War, after further investigation, may substitute a single high dam for the two low dams, with two stand- ard lock chambers, at an estimated cost, including the cost of dredg- .:uing below Dam No. 2, of $4,498,000. H. Doc. No. 356, 71st Cong., 2d sess.) 1Exclusive of available funds. RIVERS AND HARBORS-PITTSBURGH, PA., DISTRICT 1261 Locks and Dams Nos. 1 to 8, inclusive, Allegheny River Depth on miter Location Dimensions sills at normal Character of foundation pool level Lift at No. normal Miles Width Avail- ool Miles able level above Nearest town fcham- length Lower Upper Lock Dam mouth cham- for full ber width Feet Feet Feet Feet Feet 1 1. 7 Pittsburgh, Pa----....--.... 55 286 7. 0 8. 5 15. 0 Gravel_....Gravel. 2 7. 0 Aspinwall, Pa----------.......... 56 291 11. 0 11.0 10.:5 Rock-...... Do. 3 16. 7 Springdale, Pa--------- 56 289 10. 5 7. 5 7.0 Hardpan. Do. 4 24. 0 Natrona, Pa........------------ 56 360 13. 5 8. 0 9. 5 Rock-...... Rock. 5 30. 5 Freeport, Pa-----------........... 56 360 12. 0 11.5 11.5 Gravel.... Gravel. 6 37. 0 Glen Irwin, Pa---------........ 56 360 12. 0 11.0 11.0 Rock...... Do. 7 46. 0 Kittanning, Pa......... 56 360 13. 0 11.0 10.0 Gravel.... Do. 8 53.3 Templeton, Pa--------- 56 360 15.0 10.5 11.0 Rock..... Rock. Type of construction Percent- Year No. Kind of dam ageof of corn- Estimated or comple- pletion actual cost Lock Dam tion 1 Movable..... Concrete----------............ Chanoine wicket----------......... 100 1902, 1$591,187. 42 2 Fixed........-- ---- do------------.............. Concrete------------------ 100 1908 1544, 928.85 3 ..... do............-------do--Timber crib-------------............. 100 1904 1310,103. 36 4 ---..... do ............ do_ Concrete----_ -------------- 99------....... 1, 529,; 152. 44 5 ----- do--------do ------------do-------------------- -------- 1, 794,133.93 do- --------- do- ------------ do - ---------------- 67 ----- do-----------do 99 .-------- 1,772,178. 00 --------------- do-------------------- 98 1,720,000.00 8 --- do---------- do-------------- -- do- ------------------ 98 2,469,442.82 10, 731, 126. 82 ...........---------------................--..------ Additional work authorized by 1930 river and harbor act---- 3, 615, 000. 00 Total..........---------------------------------------------------- - 14, 346,126.82 1 Actual cost. NOTE.-When Dam No. 3 is raised to original elevation (733) the minimum depth on lower miter sill at Dam No. 4 will be 9.5 feet. Recommended modifications of project.-Under date of January 15, 1931, the Chief of Engineers recommended modification of the existing project so as to provide for extending a dependable 9-foot navigable depth to East Brady, by raising the pool of Dam No. 8 by 10 feet, by means of movable crest gates, and constructing Dam No. 9 with an initial lift of 15 feet, subject to the provision that the Chief of Engineers may, in his discretion, modify the plan for im- provement by constructing two new locks and dams without raising the pool of Dam No. 8; all at an estimated cost of not to exceed $3,800,000, with not to exceed $74,000 annually for operation and care (H. Doec. No. 721, 71st Cong., 3d sess.). Under date of May 3, 1932, the Chief of Engineers recommended modification of the existing project in so far as it applies to the reach below Dam No. 4, so as to provide an adequate channel, with a minimum depth of 9 feet, by dredging and by the construction of two new low navigation dams, to replace existing Dams Nos. 1, 2, and 3, each new dam to be provided with a single lock 56 feet wide by 360 feet long, at an estimated cost of $4,906,000, with '$12,000 annually for maintenance in addition to that now required. (R. and H. Com. Doc. No. 16, 72d Cong., 1st sess.) 1262 REPOBT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1932 Local cooperation.-The river and harbor act approved July 25, 1912, requited local interests to contribute $300,000 toward this im- provement, but this was revoked by the river and harbor act of March 4, 1913, which required- That no part of said amount shall be expended until the Secretary of War shall have received satisfactory assurances that the channel spans of the bridges firming unreasonable obstructions to the navigation of the Allegheny River at Pittsburgh will be modified as recommended by a board of Engineer officers in a report dated November 23, 1910. The river and harbor act approved March 2, 1919, in making further appropriation for this stream, required that no part thereof should be-- expended until the channel spans of the bridges forming unreasonable obstruc- tions to the navigation of the Allegheny River at Pittsburgh have been modi- ffdd as heretofore directed or shall hereafter be directed by the Secretary of War, or until the Secretary of War shall have received satisfactory assurances that such' modifications will promptly be made contemporaneously with the prosecution of the work of improvement. These provisos originally had reference to seven obstructive bridges crossing the Allegheny River at Pittsburgh, Pa. The necessary changes in these bridges were ordered by the Secretary of War in pursuance of authority conferred on him by section 18 of the act of ongress of March 3, 1899. The original orders for the alteration of the bridges were issued March 23, 1917, and were temporarily sus- pended February 28, 1918, on account of the war emergency. New orders were issued by the Secretary of War March 10, 1919, requiring the changes previously specified to be made in the then remaining five bridges and completed within periods ranging from two to five years from the date of service of orders. Subsequently the Secretary of War issued several orders extending the time for removal of the Sixth, Ninth, and Thirtieth Street Bridge obstructions, the final order extending the time for completion of the remaining parts of the Thirtieth Street Bridge removal to July 31, 1929. All of the seven bridge obstructions on the Allegheny River at Pittsburgh have been removed in full compliance with the orders issued by the Secretary of War March 23, 1917, and March 10, 1919. -Terminal facilities.--The Monongahela River at Pittsburgh having ample wharfage facilities for prospective Allegheny River packet and passenger trade, the Allegheny River wharf is utilized mainly for receipts of coal, gravel, and sand. Two facilities for public use are available but are not generally used. Some tipples and numerous hoists of various types are privately maintained for use in loading and unloading coal, coke, sand, gravel, manufactured articles, etc. Provision for the transshipment of freight between river and rail- roads is limited to privately owned river-to-rail sand and gravel hoists. Operationsand results during fiscal year.-In Pool No. 1 the chan- nel was improved by the removal of 41,885 cubic yards below Sharps- burg by the U. S. dredge Ohio. Plans for new lock at Dam No. 3 were completed. Later a new site for a new lock and dam was studied at Fourteen Mile Island. Rock borings at this site were completed and report was submitted on May 3, 1932. Plans and specifications for a new lock and dam at this site are 90 per cent completed. Plans for new Lock and Dam No. 2 are 95 per cent completed. At Lock No. 5 the lock and dam RIVERS AND AItBORS---PITTSBURGH, PA., DISTRICT 1263 and appurtenant works are practically completed. At Lock No. 6 the lock and appurtenant work are completed except for purchase of flowage easements. At Lock No. 7 the grading and paving of esplanade bank slope were completed. Seven tons of stone bank protection were placed at the abutment and 35 cubic yards of con- crete were placed to arrest erosion under abutment slope paving. U. S. dredges No. 1, Ohio, and Oswego removed 234,145 cubic yards in the lower approach. One hundred and seventy thousand cubic yards were removed under contract from the channel below Kittan- ning Bridge. Four hundred and twenty linear feet of curb and gutter were placed along highway to prevent wash into esplanade. A flood-prevention dike 4,065 feet long was constructed with 40,000 cubic yards of river-bed material on the left bank above the abut- ment. The lock, dam, and appurtenant works are practically coinm- pleted. In Pool No. 7 the U. S. dredge Oswego completed a 120-foot wide, 9-foot deep channel, removing 78,000 cubic yards. The main channel span and piers of the old obstructive bridge at Kittanning have been removed to give full river-bed depth. At Lock No.. 8 the entire lock, dam, and appurtenant works are 98 per cent completed. The esplanade fill was completed, the public road landward of the esplanade was raised, and two concrete highway curbs and a guard fence were placed by hired labor. U. S. dredge No. 1 excavated a channel along edge of bank below abutment, casting 15;500 cubic yards, for bank protection. The bank was sloped by derrick boat and protected by 2,488 cubic yards of grouted derrick stone. This dredge also removed 55,800 cubic yards of blasted rock, gravel, and bowlders from the lower lock approach. The total cost, all for new work, was $846,973.64. The total expenditures during the fiscal year * were $863,665.25, which amount includes Treasury settlement in amount of $579,442.82, covering increased costs incurred by the U. G. I. Contracting Co. in constructing Lock and Dam No. 8. Condition at end of fiscal year.-The project is about 96 per cent completed. Locks and Dams Nos. 1 to 8, inclusive, are practically completed and are all in operation, giving slack-water navigation from the mouth to Rimerton, Pa., 61 miles, with a controlling depth of 7 feet on the upper sill of Lock No. 3. Completion of the project will require: At Locks Nos. 4 and 5, extensions to guide walls; at Lock No. 7, additional bank protection and the erection of two lockkeepers' houses; at Lock No. 8, paving of the lock esplanade, completion of lower approach channel dredg- ing, and the erection of two lockkeepers' houses; and, near Mosgrove, the removal of a rock ledge. Completion of the project as modified by the act of July 3, 1930, will require: Dredging a 9-foot channel under Emsworth Pool to Lock No. 2, the elimination of Lock and Dam No. 1. construction of a standard river lock on the river side of Locks Nos. 2 and 3, and raising Dam No. 3, 11/2 feet. A modified project calling for elimination of Locks and Dams Nos. 1, 2, and 3 and the construction of new Locks and Dams Nos. 2 and 3 has been recommended. For condition of locks and dams see table under Emistinq project. Available minimum drafts vary from 7 to 8 feet from March to November and between 5 to 8 feet during the winter months. The latter limits occur in Pool No. 1 when the movable dam is down. 140960--ENG 1932- 80 1264 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1932 The total costs of. the existing project to the end of the fiscal year were $10,620,214.10 for new work and $238,815.07 for maintenance, a total of $10,859,029.17. The total expenditures under the existing project to the end of the fiscal year were $10,858,016.55. Proposed operations.-There was no unexpended balance on June 30, 1932. The allotment of $626,442, made July 15, 1932, will be applied as follows: Accounts payable June 30, 1932----------------------------------- $1, 012.62 New work: Lock and Dam No. 2---dredging to project depth at Fourteen Mile Island (Oct. 1, 1932, to Jan. 1, 1933) ------------------- 20, 000. 00 Lock and Dam 1~o. 6--dredging to project depth at Cogleys Island (Jan. 1 to Mar. 1, 1933) ------ ------------------ 15, 000. 00 Lock and Dam No. 8-- Completion of esplanade and power-house flooring (Aug. 1 to Oct. 1, 1932) -------- ------------------------- 10, 500. 00 To cover payment to contractor for construction of Lock and Dam No. 8--- ----------------------------- 579, 442. 82 Maintenance : Repairing abutment at Dam No. 5-------------------------- 486. 56 Total for all work ..------ __------------------ - 626, 442. 00 The above work will be done by Government plant and hired labor. Funds will be exhausted about March 1, 1933. Additional new work to include the removal of the Kittanning rock ledge in Pool No. 6 and the rock ledge in the approach to Lock No. 8, at an estimated cost of $125,000; the purchase of flood ease- ments at Lock No. 4, at an estimated cost of $2,000; the purchase of land and flowage easements at Lock and Dam No. 6, at an estimated cost of $7,200; the purchase of land at Lock No. 7, at an estimated cost of $1,800; and the purchase of land at Lock No. 8, at an esti- mated cost of $10,000, is planned for this year, and additional funds will be allotted after plans and negotiations are completed and the cost of the work more definitely known. Commercial statistics.-Virtually all of the commerce consists of commodities in bulk carried in barges. The usual draft of the loaded barges is from 5 to 7 feet. The greater part of the commerce (88.1 per cent) is carried on the reach between Freeport and Pitts- burgh, Pa., a distance of 29 miles. There is given below a comparative statement of the total com- merce on the slack-watered portion of the river from Rimerton, Pa., to the mouth. For 1931 the tonnage was distributed as follows: Per cent Per cent Coal--------------------------34. 9 Sand 26. 4 Coke -------------------------- 6.4 Iron and steel----------------. 9 Gravel------------------------ 18. 9 Miscellaneous------------------12. 5 Comparative statement Vessel traffic Additional traffic 1 Calendar year Passengers Tons Value Tons Value 1927--- -------------------------- 3, 762, 889 $8, 912, 226 115, 709 .------- ----------- 1928- ---- ___ -__. -- _______ .. ___ .. ___.. 3, 477, 927 9, 930, 209 120, 457 ---------- 1929. ------ 3, 535, 978 10, 665, 113 131, 190 --------------- 1930--------... .----3, 180, 596 12, 789, 042 114, 335 17 $850 1931 ---------.------ --------- 2,297, 271 8, 966, 002 88, 530 46 2, 300 1General ferry. RIVERS AND HARBORS---PITTSBURGH, PA., DISTRICT 1265 Cost and financial summary Cost of new work to June 30, 1932 620, 214.10 $----------------------- -$10, ,Cost of maintenance to June 30, 1932 -------------- 238, 815. 07 Total cost of permanent work to June 30, 1932 .----- 10, 859, 029. 17 Minus accounts payable June 30, 1932 --------------------- 1, 012. 62 Net total expenditures 858, 016. 55 1----------------------------0, Unexpended balance June 30, 1932__------------ ---------- -577, 981.85 Total amount appropriated to June 30, 1932--_.......... 10, 280, 034. 70 Fiscal year ending June 30 1928 1929 1930 1931 1932 Cost of new work------------..---...... $1, 779, 841. 68 $784, 599. 77 $1, 877, 197. 12 $1, 231, 533. 96 $846, 973. 64 Cost of maintenance....-------- ---------------------------------------------------- Total expended ----------------- 1, 723, 423. 10 741, 788. 77 1, 765, 627. 85 1, 441, 449. 14 2 863, 665. 25 Allotted-..._ _--................. 1,750, 000. 00 1, 105, 000. 00 800, 000. 00 154, 000. 00 -228, 000. 00 Balance unexpended July 1, 1931-------------------------- $513, 683. 40 Deductions on account of revocation of allotment ---------- 228, 000. 00 Net amount to be accounted for-----------------------285, 683. 40 Gross amount expended ____-- _______-----$867, 474.03 Less reimbursements collected -------------------- 3, 808. 78 2863, 665.25 Balance unexpended June 30, 1932__-- -- ___-__ __ -- 577, 981. 85 Outstanding liabilities June 30, 1932 _____ ------------------ 1, 012. 62 Balance available June 30, 1932 __________________-______ -578994.47 Amount allotted from War Department appropriation act approved July 14, 1932__-- ------------------------------------- 626, 442. 00 Balance available for fiscal year 1933-------------- __ 47, 447. 53 Amount (estimated) required to be appropriated for completion of existing (project - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 3, 100, 000. 00 5. OPERATION AND CARE OF LOCKS AND DAMS, ALLEGHENY RIVER, PA. The improvement for which report is made under this caption forms part of the project for Allegheny River, Pa., Construction of Locks and Dams, see pages 1260 to 1265, where general information regarding the improvement can be found. The completed locks and dams have been operated and maintained under the permanent indefi- nite appropriation as follows: No. 1, since January 1, 1903; No. 2, since November 10, 1906; No. 3, since November 29, 1904; No. 4, since September 6, 1927; No. 5, since October 20, 1927; No. 6, since October 10, 1928; No. 7, since November 11, 1930; and No. 8, since May 21, 1931. Operationand results during fiscal year.-All structures were oper- ated and maintained in serviceable condition during the year. The total cost of operation and maintenance during the year was 1 Previous costs increased $16,920.56 due to plant adjustments. 2Includes Treasury settlement, $579,442.82. 3 Exclusive of available funds. 1266 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS) U. S. ARMY, 1932 $219,138.77. The total expenditures from the permanent indefinite appropriation during the fiscal year were $239,827.95. Condition at end of fiscal year.-Eight locks and dams are in sat- isfactory operating condition, maintaining their pools, with head of slack-water navigation at Rimerton, Pa., 61 miles above the mouth. For controlling depths and conditions of locks and dams, see report on Allegheny River, Pa., Construction of Locks and Dams, pages 1260 to 1265 of this report. The total cost of operation and mainte- nance to the end of the fiscal year was $2,891,311.05. The net total amount expended from the permanent indefinite appropriation to the end of the fiscal year was $2,895,514.01. Proposed operations.-The locks and dams will be operated and maintained under allotments from the permanent indefinite appro- priation provided by section 6 of the river and harbor act of March 3, 1909. Commercial statistics.-See preceding report on Allegheny River, lock and dam construction. Cost and financial summary Cost of maintenance to June 30, 1932___-- ------ $2, 891, 311. 05 Value of plant, materials, etc., on hand June 30, 1932 ---------- 4, 893.18 Net total cost to June 30, 1932___----------------- 2, 896, 204. 23 Minus accounts payable June 30, 1932_---- -____----------- -- 690. 22 Net total expenditures ---------------------------- 2, 895, 514. 01 Unexpended balance June 30, 1932------------------- ------- 45,262. 17 Total amount appropriated to June 30, 1932- -__---___ 2, 940, 776. 18 Fiscal year ending June 30 1928 1929 1930 1931 1932 Cost of new work- -. -. . . . . . . . . . . ....-----------. . ----------...------- ..------ -- ----.------- . Cost of maintenance---------------- $133, 454. 75 $167, 678. 98 $213, 083. 22 $202, 112. 03 $219, 138. 77 Total expended . 133, 454. 75 ....----------------------. 167, 678. 98 216, 367. 11 195, 663. 53 239, 827. 95 Allotted.......---------------....... ------------ 101,000.00 150,000.00 235, 000.00 200, 000.00 239, 000.00 Balance unexpended July 1, 1931-------------------------___ $46, 090. 12 Amount allotted from permanent indefinite appropriation, sec. 6, river and harbor act, Mar. 3, 1909__--------------________ 239, 000. 00 -- Amount to be accounted for______ ______-_____ __ 285, 090. 12 Gross amount expended ___ $258, 662. 78 Less reimbursements collected 834. 83 1----------------------8, 239, 827. 95 Balance unexpended June 30, 1932 45, 262. 17 Outstanding liabilities June 30, 1932 ______________ 11, 488. 7 Balance available June 30, 1932----- ----- 33, 773.39 Amount allotted for fiscal year 1933-------------------------- 166, 000. 00 Balance available for fiscal year 1933_ ____-__-________-199, 773. 39 RIVERS ANDI HARBORS--PITTSBURGH, PA., DISTRICT 1267 '6. OIIO RIVER ABOVE MILE 109, BETWEEN CAPTINA ISLAND AND POWHATAN POINT "7. OPERATING AND CARE OF LOCKS AND DAMS AT EMSWORTH AND DASHIELDS, PA., AND NOS. 4 TO 13, INCLUSIVE, OHIO RIVER 8. OHIO RIVER, OPEN-CHANNEL WORK 6-8: For reports on these improvements see page 1227. 9. YOUGHIOGHENY RIVER, PA. Location and description.-This river, the principal tributary of the Monongahela, rises in West Virginia near the southwestern .corner of Maryland and flows northwestward 123 miles to McKees- port, Pa., where it empties into the Monongahela River, 15.6 miles above its mouth. The drainage area is 1,732 square miles. The low and high water discharges at West Newton, 19.5 miles above mouth, are about 75 and 100,000 (estimated) second-feet, respectively. The .average width between banks below West Newton is about 510 feet. The current at ordinary stages varies from 3 to 5 miles per hour. The fall between Connellsville and West Newton, 25 miles, is 5 feet per mile, and between West Newton and the mouth, 19.5 miles, 1.5 feet per mile. See United States Geological Survey charts for Penn- sylvania, Maryland, and West Virginia. Original condition.-The river was not navigable except in its lower portion at times of freshet. The construction of Dam No. 2, Monongahela River, in 1841, gave slack water about 4.7 miles above its mouth. In 1848 a private corporation, chartered by the State of Pennsylvania, built two locks and dams, extending slack water to West Newton, 19.5 miles above mouth. These works were damaged by ice and were finally abandoned in 1865. During their existence packet boats navigated as far as West Newton. Previous projects.-The first project for the improvement of the river was adopted by the river and harbor act approved June 25, 1910, and provided for canalization of the river from the mouth to West Newton, Pa. No construction work was ever done on the proj- ect, it being recommended for abandonment in 1916 and 1919. There was expended $12,194.75 for surveys and construction plans. The river and harbor act approved January 21, 1927, adopted a project providing for a channel 9 feet deep from the mouth to Fif- teenth Street, McKeesport, Pa., to be obtained by dredging. Costs on this project amounted to $36,700, of which $35,000 was for new work and $1,700 for maintenance. The total costs and expenditures on previous projects, prior to the adoption of the existing project in 1930, were $48,894.75. Existing project.-This provides for the canalization of the river from the mouth to West Newton, Pa., 19.5 miles, by the construction of three locks and dams. The estimated cost of new work, revised in 1928, is $3,670,400. There is no estimate for annual maintenance. The existing project was authorized by the river and harbor act approved July 3, 1930 (R. & H. Com. Doc. No. 9, 61st Cong., 2d sess.). A map of the river is printed in House Document No. 82, Fifty-sixth 1268 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINE!ES, U. S. AR;BY, 193 2 Congress, first session. The Chief of Engineers is authorized to revise the plans and estimates to meet any changes in conditions. Recommended modifications of project.-None. Local cooperation.-None. Terminal facilities.-There are no public terminal facilities on this stream. Privately maintained terminals for unloading coal, sand, gravel, manufactured products, etc., ample for present requirements, exist at McKeesport, Pa. Operationsand results during fiscal year.--U. S. dredge Allegheny redredged the channel, 200 feet wide by 9 feet deep, under Mononga- hela River Pool No. 2, from the mouth to Fifteenth Street, Mc- Keesport, Pa., removing practically all high places and deposits: which had formed during the year. The total costs, all for mainte- nance, were $1,800. The total expenditures during the fiscal year were $1,800. Condition at end of fiscal year.-The effect of pool No. 2, Monon- gahela River, upon the dredged channel in the lower portion of the Youghiogheny permits of commercial movements from the mouth to Fifteenth Street, McKeesport, by vessels of approximately 9-foot draft at the low-water stage. No construction work has yet been done on the canalization project adopted by the 1930 river and harbor act. The total cost of the existing project to the end of the fiscal year was $12,300, all for maintenance. The total expendi- tures under the existing project to the end of the fiscal year were $12,300. Proposed operations.--The allotment of $4,500, made July 15, 1932, will be applied to channel dredging between the mouth and Fifteenth Street, McKeesport, Pa., during September and October, 1932. The additional sum of $4,000 can be profitably expended during the fiscal year ending June 30, 1934, to be applied to maintenance dredging during September and October, 1933. The relative desirability of the improvement in the interests of commerce and navigation entails the postponement of new work on the canalization project adopted by the river and harbor act of July 3, 1930. Commnercial statistics.-The commerce consists of commodities in bulk carried in barges. The usual draft is from 6 to 8 feet. All of the traffic is restricted to the lower 2-mile reach of the river at Mc- Keesport, Pa. For 1931 the tonnage was distributed as follows: Per cent Per cent Coal Sand and gravel------------- 6-----------------------2.6 26. 4 Gasoline-------------------- 4. 8 Iron and steel---------------- 6.2 There is given below a comparative statement of the total com- merce on the Youghiogheny River: Cyear Tons aa lue sCalendar year Tons Value 1927... 271, 613 ......------------------- $733,169 1930--------------------.... . 277, 599 $1, 615, 935 1928.....---- ..........---------------- 251, 358 738, 334 1931--------------------.... . 212, 604 1, 534, 616 318, 159 1929--------------------...................... 1,414, 648 RIVERS AND HARBORS--PITTSBURGH, PA., DISTRICT 1269 Cost and financial summary Cost of new work to June 30, 1932-----------------------------$47, 194. 75 Cost of maintenance to June 30, 1932 ------------------------- 14, 000. 00 Total cost of permanent work to June 30, 1932_------------ 61, 194. 75 Net total expenditures------- -- ------- - ____--61, 194. 75 Total amount appropriated to June 30, 1932 ---___--------- - 61, 194. 75 Fiscal year ending June 30 1928 1929 1930 1931 1932 Cost of new work---................. .---- $95. 77 $30, 692. 91 $4, 211. 32. Cost of maintenance---------............-------..----------- ------------ 1,700.00 $10,500.00 $1, 800.00 Total cost........................... 95. 77 30, 692. 91 5,911. 32 10, 500.00 1,800. 00 __ Total expended.... .--- __ _-__- 95. 77 30, 692. 91 5, 911. 32 10, 500. 00 1, 800.00 Allotted__.--------------- -------------- 35, 000. 00 1, 700. 00 2, 000. 00 8, 500. 00 1,800.00 Amount allotted from War Department appropriation act approved Mar. 23, 1928----------- ------- ------- $1, 800 Gross amount expended___-- ----- __ ---------- 1, 800 Amount allotted from War Department appropriation act approved July 14, 1932_------- ------------------------------------- 4, 500 Balance available for fiscal year 1933__,.________ _______ - - 4, 500 Amount (estimated) required to be appropriated for completion of existing project---------------------------------------------3, 670, 400 Amount that can be profitably expended in fiscal year ending June - --- -- --- 30, 1934, for maintenance 1- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 4, 000 10. EXAMINATIONS, SURVEYS, AND CONTINGENCIES (GENERAL) Operations under this heading comprise the making of prelimi- nary examinations and surveys for navigation, called for by river and harbor acts and by resolutions of the committees of Congress (not including those investigations provided for in H. Doc. No. 308, 69th Cong., 1st sess., or by sec 10 of the flood control act of May 15, 1928); collection of commercial statistics; miscellaneous surveys, inspections, and estimates; permit and bridge inspections; harbor- line studies; fish-net inspections; administration charges incurred in connection with inactive river and harbor projects; and minor routine navigation investigations. The cost of work during the year amounted to $126,579.69; the expenditures were $155,823.91. The balance unexpended June 30, 1932, together with accounts receivable and amount allotted during July, 1932, will be applied as needed during the fiscal year 1933 to payment of expenses incurred in con- nection with the above items. The additional sum of $35,000 can be profitably expended during the fiscal year ending June 30, 1934. Cost and financial summary Cost of maintenance to June 30, 1932----------------------- $229, 017.64 Value of plant, materials, etc., on hand June 30, 1932 5,683. 73 ------------ Net total cost to June 30, 1932_____-----________, 234, 701. 37 Plus accounts receivable June 30, 1932_..-. __.___ . 26,904. 53 Gross total costs to June 30, 1932---------------------- 261, 605. 90 Minus accounts payable June 30, 1932 ------------------------- 4, 136. 61 Net total expenditures.__-- ------ __-257, 469. 29 Unexpended balance June 30, 1932------------- 11, 880. 71 Total amount appropriated to June 30, 1932 -- ---- 269, 350. 00 1Exclusive of available funds. 1270 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1932 Fiscal year ending June 30 1928 1929 1930 1931 1932 Cbst of new work----.....-- ------------ ------------------------ ------- Cost of maintenance---------------------------- $1, 166. 65 $35, 586. 69 $65, 684. 61 $126, 579. 69 Total expended----- ------------------- --------- 1, 166. 65 35, 068. 53- 65, 410. 20 155, 823. 91 Allotted ---------------------------------- $7,000. 00 20,000. 00 40, 000. 00 106, 000.00 96, 350.00 Balance unexpended July 1, 1931_------------------------------ $71, 354. 62 Amount allotted from War Department appropriation act approved Feb. 23, 1931------------------------------- ----------- 106, 350.00 Amount to be accounted for------------------------- 177, 704. 62 Deductions on account of revocation of allotment-- ___--------- 10, 000.00 Net amount to be accounted for--- ____--------- 167, 704. 62 Gross amount expended ----------- __------$156, 115.59 Less reimbursements collected----------- __-_ 291.68 155, 823.91 Balance unexpended June 30, 1932----- 11, 880. 71 Outstanding liabilities June 30, 1932-- ---- --- 6, 080. 95 Amount covered by uncompleted contracts ------------ 1, 369. 65 7, 450. 60 Balance available June 30, 1932 .......- 4, 430.11 Accounts receivable June 30, 1932________________ 26, 904. 53 Unobligated balance available June 30, 1932_--------------- 31, 334. 64 Amount allotted from War Department appropriation act approved July 14, 1932------------------------------------------ 42,000. 00 Balance available for fiscal year 1933--- 334. 64 7---------------73, _ Amount that can be profitably expended in fiscal year ending June 30, 1934, for maintenance 1__ - _____- - _____ - - - - - - __ 35, 000. 00 EXAMINATIONS AND SURVEYS REQUIRED BY ACT OF CONGRESS APPROVED MAY 31, 1924, AND THE RIVER AND HARBOR ACTS APPROVED JANUARY 21, 1927, AND JULY 3, 1930 The local engineer was charged with the duty of making prelimi- nary examinations and surveys required by the act of Congress approved May 31, 1924, and the river and harbor acts approved January 21, 1927, and July 3, 1930, as follows: 1. Allegheny and Mnoongahela Rivers, with a view to the control of the floods.-Reports dated July 10 and October 25, 1928, by the district and division engineers, on preliminary examination, are being held by the Board of Engineers for Rivers and Harbors for the purpose of securing additional information and for further study. 2. Youghiogheny River, Pa., from Fifteenth Street, McKeesport, to West Newton.-Reports dated February 13 and February 23, 1928, by the district and division engineers on preliminary examination were received. A survey is in progress. 3. Kiskiminitas and Conemaugh Rivers, Pa.-Reports dated Octo- ber 19, 1927, and January 25, 1930, on preliminary examination, and October 19, 1927, and April 5, 1930, on survey, by the district and 1 Exclusive of available funds. RIVERS AND .HARBORS--HUNTINGTON, W. VA., DISTRICT 1271 division engineers, were received. A revised report on the survey has been requested. 4. Youghiogheny River, Pa., from West Newton to Connellsville.- Reports dated December 30, 1931, and February 20, 1932, by the district and division engineers on preliminary examination, are receiving consideration by the board of Engineers for Rivers and Harbors. 5. Beaver River, Pa., Shenango River, Pa., and Mahoning River, Pa. and Ohio.-Reports dated November 22 and November 25, 1930, by the district and division engineers on preliminary examination were received. A survey is in progress. REPORT REQUIRED BY RESOLUTION OF THE COMMITTEE ON RIVERS AND HARBORS, HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES By resolution dated February 10, 1931, a review of reports on the Allegheny River, Pa. and N. Y., printed in House Document No. 356. Seventy-first Congress, second session, was requested. Report thereon was transmitted to the committee on May 3, 1932, and printed in River and Harbor Committee Document No. 16, Seventy-second Congress, first session. Recommendation is made for modification of the existing project for the Allegheny River below Dam No. 4, so as to provide an adequate channel, with a minimum depth of 9 feet, by dredging and by the construction of two new low navigation dams to replace existing Dams Nos. 1, 2, and 3, each new dam to be provided with a single lock 56 feet wide by 360 feet long, at an estimated cost of $4,906,000, with $12,000 annually for maintenance in addition to that now required. -By resolution of the Committee on Rivers and Harbors, House of Representatives, adopted January 20, 1931, a review of reports on the Monongahela River, Pa. and W. Va., printed in House Document No. 101, Seventieth Congress, second session, is requested. The district and division engineers were requested to submit reports. IMPROVEMENT OF RIVERS AND HARBORS IN THE HUNTINGTON, W. VA., DISTRICT This district embraces those portions of the States of Ohio, Ken- tucky, West Virginia, Virginia, and North Carolina lying in the drainage basins of the Ohio River and tributaries from about mile 109 between Captina Island and Powhatan Point, Ohio, to about mile 317.5 just below the mouth of Big Sandy River, Ky., a distance of about 208.5 miles, including the folloWing streams improved for slack-water navigation: Ohio River, W.Va., with its Locks and Dams Nos. 14 to 28, inclusive; Muskingum River, Ohio; Little Kanawha River, W. Va.; Kanawha River, W. Va.; Big Sandy River, W. Va. and Ky., including Tug and Levisa Forks. District engineer: Maj. Fred W. Herman, Corps of Engineers. Sector engineer: Lieut. Col. R. G. Powell, Corps of Engineers. Division engineer: Col. George R. Spalding, Corps of Engineers. 1272 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1932 IMPROVEMENTS Page Page 1. Construction of locks and 7. Operating and care of locks dams, Ohio River __---__ - 1272 and dams on Kanawha 2. Operating and care of Locks River, W. Va ----- _____ 1287 and Dams Nos. 14-28, 8. Big Sandy River and Levisa Ohio River ____----- 1272 and Tug Forks, W. Va. 3. Ohio River, open-channel and Ky-------------- 1289 work. -- __- 1272 9. Operating and care of locks 4. Operating and care of locks and dams on Big Sandy and dams on Muskingum River, W. Va. and Ky., in- River, Ohio_ ....... __--1272 eluding Levisa and Tug 5. Operating and care of locks Forks ___________-___ 1292 and dams on Little Kana- 10. Examinations, surveys, and wha River, W. Va--------- 1278 contingencies (general) _ 1293 6. Kanawha River, W. Va ____ 1281 1-3. For reports on these improvements see page 1227. 4. OPERATING AND CARE OF LOCKS AND DAMS ON MUSKINGUM RIVER, OHIO Location and description.-This river, 107 miles in length, is formed at a point near Coshocton, Ohio, by the junction of the Wal- honding and Tuscarawas Rivers, flows in a southerly direction, and empties into the Ohio River at Marietta, Ohio. The improved sec- tion extends from the mouth to Dresden, Ohio, a distance of 91 miles; and in this section the fall is 1.4 feet per mile and the average width between banks is 600 feet. The drainage area of this river is ap- proximately 8,040 square miles. Discharge at low water, 672 second- feet; at highest known water, 325,000 second-feet. High water gen- erally occurs in the spring and low water in the fall months. See U. S. Geological Survey Chart for the State of Ohio; scale 1: 500,000. Original condition.-This stream was improved by the State of Ohio from 1837 to 1841 at a cost of about $1,500,000. In 1887 the United States took over these improvements. Through navigation was suspended at the time by reason of the condition of the works of improvement. Two of the dams were broken, and the entire system was badly out of repair. Previous projects.-None. Existing .project.-This authorized the taking over, restoration, maintenance, and operation of the State works and plant to provide slack-water navigation between Lock No. 1, at Marietta, Ohio, and Dresden, Ohio, a distance of 91 miles. Navigation is afforded by 11 locks and dams and 4 short lateral canals. The minimum depth which it is now possible to maintain without extensive improvement is 4.5 feet, although in certain portions 5.5 feet is available. Above the site of the old Lock No. 11 the minimum depth actually main- tained is 2 feet. The navigable depth between Lock No. 1 and the mouth, a distance of 0.25 mile, is provided by Dam No. 18, Ohio River, and by dredging. The usual variations of water level are about 38 feet at the mouth and 24 feet at Lock No. 10 (Zanesville, Ohio), but the flood of 1913 reached a height of 44.5 feet above lower pool at latter point. The original estimate of cost of restoring the dams taken over from the State of Ohio was $200,000. To this was added later the RIVERS AND HARBORS HUNTINGTON, W. VA., DISTRICT 1273 construction of a new Lock and Dam, No. 11, at a cost of about $143,000, the repair and extension of a levee at Dam No. 10, and some minor work, the net total expended from specific appropriations having been $301,722.53. The construction of a new lock, No. 1, was done in connection with the construction of an ice harbor as part of the Ohio River improvement and was not a part of this project. The maintenance of these works is provided for by annual allot- ments from the appropriation for operating and care of canals, etc. The existing project was authorized by the following river and harbor acts: The act of August 5, 1886, provided for taking over from the State of Ohio the locks and dams then in existence (Nos. 1 to 10) and the restoration of these works by the United States (H. Doc. No. 48, 49th Cong., 1st sess.); the act of March 3, 1905, provided for the construction of Lock and Dam No. 11 and the ex- tension of the levee at Lock No. 10, and other new work of minor importance (H. Doc. No. 241, 58th Cong., 2d sess.). No map of the river has been published. The following statement gives the characteristics of the locks and dams: 1-, Lock Dam Lock | and Location (nearest town, all Dimensions Upper Lower When dam in Ohio) Miles si sill Type of construc- corn- Cost 1 No. from Greatest below below Lift Foundation Foundation tion (all fixed pleted mouth Width available upper lower dams) (clear) length pool pool O Q Feet Feet Feet I. 1 Marietta---------........... -------- 0. 25 56 179 7. 58 10. 84 34.77 Piles in sand and Sand and gravel...._ Rock filled timber 1890 8 $327,500.00 gravel. crib. 2 Devols-------..................---------...... 5. 75 36 160 6. 00 5. 50 10. 47 Rock-----------............. Rock--------------..................do-------------............... 1840 91, 000. 00 3 Lowell ___________________-___ 13. 87 36 160 7.00 5. 50 14. 48 Gravel------------ .............. do....----...--------........---....do------------ 1840 160, 000. 00 0 4 Beverly -.....-----. ____ .. .-24. 71 36 160 6. 00 5. 52 9. 42 ..... do---------...........-.Rock and gravel........do..........----- 1840 122, 000.00 0 5 Luke Chute----------------................... 32. 97 36 160 6. 00 5. 50 10. 90 Rock------------..............--.....do---------------do..... 1840 91, 000. 00 6 Stockport.----- ------------ 39.11 36 160 6. 00 5. 50 12. 05 .... do- ........... Rock-.....--... do---...... . 1840 88, 000.00 7 McConnelsville ____ _ 48. 22 36 160 6. 00 5. 50 10.14 ..... do----------............. Rock and gravel-.........do............... 1840 127, 000. 00 8 Eagleport. . 56. 00 36 .-------------- 160 8. 00 5. 50 10. 99 Gravel............ Piles in sand and _...do .......... . 1840 90, 000. 00 gravel. 9 Philo---...........--------------- 66. 84 36 160 8. 00 5. 50 11. 28 Rock-----------.............. Rock------------............ ..... do----.....-------- 1891 86, 000. 00 0 10 Zanesville * 75.82 35. 5 1 6.50 12. 15.72 Rock and gravel.- Soft rock-...... .... .- do-.........--. 1846 127,000.00 11gravel EllisSee note () below Concrete............ 1910 o 143,095.66 1 Total cost to the United States, $301,722.53. 2 Nornal lift above normal pool of Dam No. 18, Ohio River. Lock No. 1 has intemediate gate, only lower chamber usable. a Replaced an older lock on opposite side of river. 00 ' Lateral canal between dam and lock. a Replaced an older lock at lower end of lateral canal which was also abandoned. 6 Double lock, flight of 2 tandem. t Movable top of 4 feet high of Boule gates. Not used since gates were lost in 1913 flood. 8Crest of fixed part (present actual lift). 0 150 feet of dam adjacent to lock on piles in sand and gravel. Remainder of dam, including pier and abutment, on rocl, 1a Replaced an older lock and dam located 2.6 miles farther upstream, RIVERS AND HARBORS-HUNTINGTON, W. VA., DISTRICT 1275 Recommended nwdifioations of project.-None. Local coopeatin---In addition to the work done on this river by the State of Ohio, the act of March 3, 1905, in providing for the con- struction of new Lock and Dam No. 11, specified that no part of the appropriation for Lock and Dam No. 11 should be expended unless the Secretary of War should have satisfactory assurance that the State of Ohio or other agency would expend a sum of not less than $200,000 on that part of the Ohio Canal system which connects the Muskingum at Dresden, Ohio, with Lake Erie. This amount was expended on this canal, but the flood of March, 1913, so damaged it that it has been out of commission since. Terminal facilities.--Terminal facilities consist of a privately owned wharf boat at Marietta at a point on the Ohio River 600 feet above the mouth of the Muskingum River, numerous small ware- houses, also privately owned, in the cities and villages along the river; various private and public landings, generally unimproved, at points accessible to public roads, and two coal-loading tipples, one a short distance above Lock No. 9 and the other about 7 miles above Zanesville, from which coal is delivered to the large electric power plant just below Lock No. 9. There are also three sand and gravel unloading tipples, two in Marietta and one in Zanesville, from which the sand and gravel handled is mostly shipped by rail, but some is delivered by truck for local use. In a number of instances the munic- ipalities own paved wharves on their river fronts which are free to all. None of the landings or warehouses have physical connection or arrangements for interchange of traffic with railways. The facilities, while somewhat meager, are apparently adequate for existing com- merce. (For further details see H. Doc. No. 652, 66th Cong., 2d sess.) Effect of improvement.--The improvement has rendered transpor- tation easier, safer, and more reliable. It permitted the development of water power at a number of the dams, which power is leased by the United States for commercial purposes and is a source of minor income. Operationg and revults during fiscal year.-The locks and dams and necessary plant were maintained in serviceable condition. Nav- igation was suspended 26 days on account of ice and 3 days on ac- count of draining the canal at Lock No. 10, Zanesville, Ohio, in order that the city of Zanesville might lay a water main across the canal. Lock No. 2. Repairs were made to the masonry at upper and lower ends of river wall. Lock No. 3. Rebuilt the upper and lower gates above pool level and repainted lockmaster's house. Lock No. 5. Rebuilt one upper lock gate above pool level and renewed the top arms on the lower gates. Lock No. 7. Renewed floor and repaired structural steel floor sys- tem of bridge across canal. Lock No. 8. Repairs were made to one of the large cylindrical filling valves and one emptying valve stem and blade; flashboards were placed on the dam to provide a 5-foot stage at the upper end of pool No. 8. 1276 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1932 Lock No. 9. Repaired emptying valve stem and blade and lower miter sill, and interior and exterior of lockmaster's house was painted. Lock No. 10. Made repairs to lower miter sill and sill foundation, and foundation to retaining wall along canal bank. Flashboards were placed on the dam to provide a better pool at the upper end of Pool No. 10. Lock No. 11. The bank below the land wall was riprapped, approx- imately 250 cubic yards of stone placed. Raised Boule trestles and placed flashboards on the dam. The movable dam on the stationary dam was raised in order to provide a better pool. The U. S. dredges Malta and Portland and derrick boats Nos. 41 and 63 dredged 80,300 cubic yards from lock chambers, lock ap- proaches, and the channel. The cost of maintenance during the fiscal year amounted to $80,- 019.42. The expenditures were $88,701.07. Condition at end of flscad ear.--The locks and dams are in fair condition. The 51/2 -foot depth provided' is ample for needs of navigation. The total expended on the project at the close of the fiscal year from specific appropriations, including an allotment from the deficiency act of 1910, is as follows: New work ---------------------------------- ----------- $301, 722. 53 Maintenance (repairs to levee, Dam No. 10, Zanesville, Ohio, act of Mar. 3, 1925) ---------------------------------------- 5, 462. 08 From permanent indefinite appropriation_ ..-------------- 3, 579, 256. 05 Total ------------------------------------------ 3, 886, 440. 66 The project for improvement of this river, consisting of rehabili- tation of the old State's works, was completed in 1891. New Lock and Dam No. 11 was completed in 1910. Proposed operations.--The locks and dams will be operated and maintained under allotments from the permanent indefinite appro- priations provided by section 6 of the river and harbor act of March 3, 1909. Commercial statistics.-The total commerce for the year 1931 was 9.5 per cent, or 71,116 tons, less than that of 1930, the loss being due largely to reduction in movement of sand and gravel (for road- building purposes) on the upper stretches of the river. There was an increase of 92,529 tons in movement of coal. Of the total commerce, 53.9 per cent consisted of coal, 44.9 per cent sand and gravel, 0.9 per cent cement, and 0.3 per cent packet cargo and miscellaneous. This commerce was moved by towboats and barges drawing not over 5 feet and is a direct result of existing improvements. There is no traffic on the unimproved sections of this river. Comparative statement Year Tons Value Passengers Year Tons Value Passengers 1927 -..... 804, 090 $1, 678, 742 227 1930_ -_-_- -746,314 $1, 775,903 567 1928- -- - 527,822 1, 179,484 895 1931---------........ 1 675, 198 1, 350, 885 1,028 1929 ----- - 472, 943 835, 073 473 1Includes 193,853 tons which passed only through Locks Nos. 9 and 10. RIVERS AND HARBORS--HUNTINGTON, W. VA., DISTRICT 1277 Cost and ftnanoiq summary for maintenance and improvement funds Cost of new work to June 30, 1932_-------..--..------. $301, 722. 5a .Costof maintenance to June 30, 1932 ------------------------ 5,462.08 Total cost of permanent work to June 30, 1932 ------------ 307, 184. 61 Net total -expenditures ---------------------------.-- - 307, 184. 61 Total amount appropriated to June 30, 1932----------------- 307, 184. 61 Cost and finanoial summary for operating and care funds Cost of maintenance to June 30, 1932 ------------------- $3, 515,467. 72 Value of plant, materials, etc., on hand June 30, 1932_------- 67, 939. 86 Net total cost to June 30, 1932 ------------------- 3, 583, 407. 58 Plus accounts receivable June 30, 1932 a --------- ------- 1, 645.67 Gross total costs to June 30, 1932_-- ------- ___---3, 585, 053. 25 Minus accounts payable June 30, 1932--__-------_------ 5, 797. 20 Net total expenditures---------------------------- 3, 579, 256. 05 Unexpended balance June 30, 1932 ------------- ___ 18, 369. 82 Total amount appropriated to June 30, 1932_ . __..... -- 3, 597, 625. 87 Fiscal year ending June 30 1928 1929 1930 1931 1932 Cost of new work0........ .4 Cost of maintenance.------- --------. $50, 600.61 $68, 585. 25 $76,489.00 $74,260.18 $80,019. 42 Total expended..... --.....................- . 56, 239. 18 62, 036. 94 63, 783. 29 62, 400. 22 88, 701.07 Allotted ----------------------.................................. 67,800.00 39,000.00 75,000.00 70,000. 00 81,500.00 Balance unexpended July 1, 1931---------------------- ----- $25,570.89 Amount allotted from permanent indefinite appropriation, sec. 6, c river and harbor act, Mar. 3, 190__-----__----? ----- _ 81, 500. 00 Amount to be accounted for--------------------------107, 070. 89 Gross amount expended- ---- ------------- -- $99, 540.93 Less: Reimbursements collected ------------- 319. 58 $9, Receipts from sales_-------- - --- 1, 520. 28 10, 839. 86 88, 701.07 Balance unexpended June 30, 1932------------------- - 18, 369. 82 Outstanding liabilities June 30, 1932- ------------------- 12, 932.61 Balance available June 30, 1932----------------.---- 5, 437. 21 Accounts receivable June 30, 1932---------------------------- 1, 645. 67 Unobligated balance available June 30, 1932_ ...-------- 7, 082. 88 Amount allotted for fiscal year 1983 _----.-----....----- 128,000.00 Balance available for fiscal year 1933--- ----.- ---------- 135,082. 88 1 Increased by net debit difference of balances in plant accounts and cash received from sale of plant $2,527.43. 2 Increased by $25.67 covering plant operation not available when consolidated state- ment was submitted. 1278 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, t. S. ARMY, 1932 5. OPERATING AND CARE OF LOOKS AND DAMS ON LITTLEBKANAWHA RIVER, W. VA. Location and description.-This river rises on the western slope of Laurel Hill, W. Va., flows northwesterly for about 160,miles, and empties into the Ohio River at Parkersburg, W. Va. It is improved for a distance of 48 miles from its mouth. Its drainage area is approximately 2,320 square miles. The river varies in width from 150 feet at Burnsville (122 miles above the mouth) to 350 feet at its mouth. The average fall from Bulltown, at foot of mountains and 127 miles from mouth, to Creston, 48 miles from mouth, is 1.6 feet per mile, and from Creston to mouth 1.3 feet per mile. Original condition.-At the time of adoption of original project there were four locks and dams owned by a private corporation, which afforded a navigable depth of 4 feet for 40 miles above the mouth of the river, or 2 miles above Burning Springs, W. Va., the head of steamboat navigation. Above this point the river was ob- structed by logs, bowlders, etc., rendering hazardous the floating of timber (the principal commodity). These four locks: (Nos. 1 to 4) were purchased by the United States on November 1, 1905, at a cost of $75,000. Previous projects.-The original project was adopted by the act approved August 14, 1876. The amount expended on previous proj- ects prior to commencement of operations under the existing project was $214,418, of which $213,513.30 was for new work and $904.70 for maintenance. For further details see page 1912 of Annual Report for 1915. Existing project.-This project provides for five locks with fixed dams, to give a navigable depth of 4 feet from the mouth of the river to Creston, a distance of 48 miles. Under this project one lock and dam (No. 5) was constructed, and four locks and dams (Nos. I to 4) were purchased from the Little Kanawha Navigation Co. The extreme fluctuations of the river are due to floods, varying from 29.2 feet above low water at Creston, the head of slack-water im- provement and continuous navigation, to 58.6 feet above low water at the mouth at Parkersburg, where the maximum stage is governed by the Ohio River. The original estimate of cost of Lock and Dam No. 5 was $62,000 for a lock of masonry and a crib dam. The actual cost was $167,875. The original estimate of cost of the purchase and repair of Locks and Dams Nos. 1 to 4 was $163,000. The actual cost was as follows: Purchase of locks and dams-------------------------------- $75, 000. 00 Repairs and improvements --------------------------------- 207, 059. 50 Total--------------------------------------- ----- 282, 059. 50 The existing project was authorized by the following river and harbor acts: The act of June 14, 1880, provided for the construction of a lock and dam. (No. 5) 2 miles above Burning Springs (Annual Report of 1875, pt. 1, p. 740); the act of March 3, 1905, provided for the purchase and repair of Locks and Dams Nos. 1 to 4, in- clusive (H. Doc. No. 309, 58th Cong., 2d sess., and Annual Report for 1904, p. 2607). The latest published map is contained in House Document No. 12, Sixty-third Congress, first session. RIVERS AND HARBORS-HUNTINGTON, W. VA., DISTRICT 1279 Little Kanawha River Location Lock dimensions Available depths over Lift at miter sills at Year of Cost of Lock normal normal pool com- lock and No.k Dis- Greatest pool levels peti lok and Nearest town (all in tance available Width levels pletion dam West Virginia) above length of mouth chamber Upper Lower Miles Feet Feet Feet Feet Feet 1 Parkersburg--------------- 3. 5 125 23 6. 4 11.1 10.2 1874 2 Slate.........-------------------- 14. 5 125 23 11. 3 9.7 4. 4 1874 $75,000 3 Elizabeth----.....-- --.-. . 25. 5 125 23 11.0 10. 9 5. 0 1874 4 Palestine---.................. 31. O0 125 23 11. 9 8. 5 4. 1 1874 5 Ivan....-------------------- 40. 5 125 26 12. 4 7. 6 4. 0 1891 167, 875 1 Character of foundation, rock; kind of dam, fixed. Type of construction-lock, stone; dam, timber crib filled with stone. Land wall of Lock No. 5 on piles in gravel. 2 Purchase price. Recommended mod ifcations of project.-None. Local cooperation.-None. Terminal facilities.-The only terminal facilities on the river are a large wharf boat and a gasoline and oil-loading station at the mouth, at Parkersburg, and small wharf boats at Burning Springs, in pool No. 4, and at Creston, at the head of slack water, in pool No. 5. The wharf boats are privately owned but available for public use. These terminal facilities are adequate for the amount and character of freight available for shipment on this stream. (For further details see H. Doc. No. 652, 66th Cong., 2d sess.) Effect of improvement.-The improvement has made continuous navigation possible over the stretch of river it covers, and its effect extends even farther upstream. At the time of adoption of this project and for some time subsequently the territory along this stream was dependent almost entirely on water transportation, but at present a new highway, constructed in 1930, has taken most of the commerce from the river. Operations and results dring fiscal year.-The locks and dams and necessary plant were maintained in serviceable condition. Navi- gation was suspended 28 days on account of ice and 7 days on account of high water. Lock No. 1. Renewed upper arm of lock gates. Lock No. 2. Repaired lower lock gates. Lock No. 3. Painted lock house and office building and rebuilt upper and lower lock gates above pool level. Lock No. 4. Painted lock house and office building, repaired upper lock gates and lower apron of dam. The cost of maintenance during the fiscal year amounted to $17,365.68. The expenditures were $12,833.44. Condition at end of fiscal year.-The locks and dams are in fair condition. The maximum draft that can be carried at minimum low water through the channel over the shoalest part of the river between its mouth and Creston is 4 feet; above Creston in open channel it is scarcely 6 inches. 140960-ENG 1932-- 81 1280 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1932 The total expenditures under existing project at the end of the fiscal year are as follows: New work ----------------------------- --------- $257, 022. 72 Maintenance------------------------------------- ------- 22, 977. 28 From permanent indefinite appropriation_ .__..-----_____ 589, 375. 58 Total----------------------------------------- 869,375. 58 The project for improvement of this river was completed during the fiscal year 1914. Proposed operations.-The locks and dams will be operated and maintained under allotments from the permanent indefinite appro- priation provided by section 6 of the river and harbor act of March 3, 1909. Commercial statistics.-The total commerce for the year 1931 was 60 per cent, or 156,409 tons, less than that of 1930, the loss being due to reduction in movement of sand and gravel (for road-building pur- poses) from the Ohio River. There was an increase of 18,045 tons in movement of gasoline. Of the total commerce 82.7 per cent consisted of gasoline, 15.6 per cent sand and gravel, and 1.7 per cent miscellaneous. This commerce was moved by towboats and barges drawing not over 5 feet and is a direct result of existing improvements. There is no traffic on the unimproved sections of this river. Comparative statement Year Tons Value Passengers Year Tons Value Passengers 1927 --......... 264, 450 $4, 794,632 2, 846 1930 - - - - - - - - - 260,408 $4, 059, 660 946 1928------.......... 132, 923 4, 820, 263 2, 601 1931- ....- - 1103, 999 2, 715, 401 21 1929--------........ 280, 525 5, 871, 881 1, 124 1 Includes 94,021 tons which did not pass above Lock No. 1. Cost and financial summary for maintenance and improvement funds Cost of new work to June 30, 1932..--------------------------$470, 536. 02 Cost of maintenance to June 30, 1932------------ -------------- 23, 881.98 Total cost of permanent work to June 30, 1932 __--------- - 494, 418. 00 Net total expenditures-------------------- ----------------- 494, 418. 00 Total amount appropriated to June 30, 1932----------- 494, 418.00 Cost and financial summary for operating and care funds Cost of maintenance to June 30, 1932__- - -_________ - $584, 204. 22 Value, of plant, materials, etc., on hand June 30, 1932------------ 5, 834. 87 Net total cost to June 30, 1932 ______ 590, 039. 09 Plus accounts receivable June 30, 1932------------------------- 1, 238. 12 Gross total costs to June 30, 1932 __________-__.___ __ 591,277.21 Minus accounts payable June 30, 1932 _____________________ 1, 901.63 Net total expenditures___-------___ - -___________ 589, 375. 58 Unexpended balance June 30, 1932___ __________________-_ _ 3, 712. 35 Total amount appropriated to June 30, 1932------- 593, 087.93 RIVERS AND HARBORS-HUNTINGTON, W. VA., DISTRICT 1281 Fiscal year ending June 30 1928 1929 1930 1931 1932 Cost of new work----...-------------------------------------- ------------------------- Cost of maintenance-------------........---------- $18, 543.24 $22, 303. 78 $19, 866.12 $83, 399.25 $17,365.68 Total expended..........----------------------- 18,445.89 22, 978.32 16, 614. 26 83, 463. 55 12,833. 44 Allotted...........................----------------------------- 18, 500. 00 18, 500. 00 50, 000.00 48, 700. 00 11,000.00 Balance unexpended July 1, 1931_ --- __----------- $5, 545. 79 Amount allotted from permanent indefinite appropriation, sec. 6, river and harbor act, Mar. 3, 1909 -------------------------- 11, 000. 00 Amount to be accounted for- --------------------------- 16, 545. 79 Gross amount expended - __---------------$16, 511. 81 Less reimbursements collected--------------- 3, 678. 37 12, 833.44 Balance unexpended June 30, 1932----- ----------- ------- 3, 712. 35 Outstanding liabilities June 30, 1932..---- ---------- 4, 426. 10 Balance available June 30, 1932_-______-__-------- -- 713. 75 Accounts receivable June 30, 1932__ 1, 238. 12 Unobligated balance available June 30, 1932------- ---------- 524. 37 Amount allotted for fiscal year 1933-----------------12,000.00 Balance available for fiscal year 1933------------------- 12, 524.37 6. KANAWHA RIVER, W. VA. Location and description.-This river is entirely in the State of West Virginia, and is formed by the junction of the New and Gauley Rivers a short distance above Kanawha Falls. It flows about 98 miles in a general northwesterly direction and empties into the Ohio River at Point Pleasant, W. Va. It is improved from its mouth for 90.57 miles. Its drainage area is about 12,300 square miles. The fall in the 85 miles from the mouth to Lock No. 2 is 1.1 feet per mile, and in the 12 miles from Lock No. 2 to the junction of the New and the Gauley Rivers the fall is 4.2 feet per mile. Above Loup Creek (90 miles above the mouth) the slope of the river increases so rapidly and the shoals are so numerous and badly obstructed by rocks and bowlders that navigation is not feasible. The width ranges from 500 feet in the upper portion to 800 feet in the lower. At the mouth the low-water discharge is about 1,000 cubic feet per second and the maximum flood discharge approximately 300.000 cubic feet per second. Original condition.--At the time of the adoption of the original project the States of Virginia and West Virginia had improved the river, chiefly by dredging chutes through the shoals and building wing walls and dikes for the purpose of extending the period of navigation. Tolls were levied on the traffic for payment of the ex- penses of improvement. This work afforded navigation for packets and small freight-carrying barges and flats for about 90 miles above the mouth of the river for a portion of each year. Previous projects.-The original project, adopted by the act ap- proved March 3, 1873, was modified by the act approved March 3, 1875. These projects were completed, and the amount expended 1282 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1932 under them was $50,000. (For further details see p. 1913 of Annual Report for 1915.) Emisting project.-The existing project provides for eight locks with movable dams and two locks with fixed dams to furnish a 6-foot navigable depth from the mouth to a point 90.57 miles above. The river and harbor act of July 3, 1930, provides for the replacement of Locks and Dams Nos. 2, 3, 4, and 5, with two new locks and dams, and provides further that any dredging in the section of river above Charleston shall be prosecuted with a view to obtaining a depth of 9 feet and a width of 200 feet. The extreme fluctuations of the river are due to floods and vary from 36.2 feet above low water at Kana- wha Falls, about 5 miles above the head of the slack-water improve- ment and about 2 miles below where the Kanawha River is formed by the junction of the New and Gauley Rivers, to 62.1 feet above low water at the mouth at Point Pleasant, W. Va., where the maximum stage is governed by the Ohio River. The estimate of cost for new work revised in 1930 is $10,450,000, this amount being exclusive of amounts expended on previous projects. The existing project was authorized by the river and harbor act of March 3, 1875 (Annual Report for 1875, pt. 2, pp. 90 to 98), which provides for the construction of nine locks with movable dams and three locks with fixed dams. This project was modified by reducing the number of movable dams to eight (Annual Report for 1879, p. 550), and after two of the three fixed dams had been constructed the construction of the third (No. 1) was postponed until its necessity should become more apparent. The act of July 3, 1930, provided for the replacement of Locks and Dams 2 to 5 and for dredging (H. Doc. 190, 70th Cong., 1st sess.). The latest published maps are contained in House Documents Nos. 41, Sixty-third Congress, first session, and 190, Seventieth Congress, first session. Kanawha River Location Lock dimensions Available depths over Lift at miter sills at Lock Dis- Greatest normal normal normal pool norlevelspool Character C of dtr of Kind of dam Type of construction of dam cor- lock and No.No. Nearest town (all in West Virginia) above length of pool tance available Width levels foundation pletion dam z U~2 mouth chamber Upper Lower z C Miles Feet Feet Feet Feet Feet 2 Montgomery...........--- - 8. 4 271 50 10.33 8. 00 8.67 Rock------- Fixed--.....-----........------....-- Crib...-------------------- 1887 2$353, 608 (3) London 82. 81 __-------------- 360 56 24. 00 14.00 12. 00 ..... ---------- Concrete movable crest-....... do........ Roller gates-............. (4) 53, 102, 700 3 4 Hansford_ - .----------- Cabin Creek Jc---------......... 79. 72 272 50 13. 67 10. 67 7.00 ..... do____--. Fixed-------................... Crib--.. ----- 1882 ..---------- & 490, 000 (3) Marmet....-------------- 73. 51 67. 75 274 360 50 56 7. 25 24. 00 14. 00 14. 00 6. 75 .... 12. 00 ..... do........ Movable chanoine-...... Wicket pass and weir......----... do-........ 1880 Roller gates ----------- Concrete movable crest ....... (4) a3,102, 700 275, 000 tz 5 ..... --------------- 67. 56 do-.................. 274 50 7. 50 14. 00 6. 50 .....-do........ Movable chanoine-...... Wicket pass and weir ---......... 1880 5275, 000 6 Charleston --.............. 54. 28 313 55 8. 50 15. 25 6. 75 ..... do.............-- do-------------- ---- ......----------------............... 1886 337, 625 7 St. Albans -------- 44. 20 313 55 8.25 15.00 6. 75 .....-do-....----....-----do--.....---------------- do .......-- ------. 1893 ..........---.....---- 341, 136 W 8 Plymouth..---.--... 36. 22 313 55 8. 00 16. 25 8. 25 ..... - do ...------- do ----........---.... do ...................... ..-----------.... --------------- 1893 ' 281, 975 T 9 Woods_---------------25. 50 313 55 6. 25 13. 75 7. 50 .....-do --........-----..... do...-------------------. 1898 do ---------................---.....---- ' 307,120 10 Buffalo- --------------- 19. 20 313 55 7. 00 14. 00 7. 00 ..... do ........-----.....---- do do ------------------- 1898 -----------..................--.....---- 2282,006 11 Point Pleasant.......... 1.81 313 55 5. 65 17. 00 11.35 Hardpan------...........d ... ....--- do-..........-- ---- 1898 2 637, 803 1 The construction of this lock and dam has been omitted from the project. H : Actual. 3 These dams will replace existing Locks and Dams Nos. 2 to 5, inclusive. ' Under construction. (Twin locks.) 0 5 EstImated. C 00 1284 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1932 Recommended modifications of project.-None. Local cooperation.-None. Terminal facilities.-The only public terminal facilities on this river consist of a paved wharf and a wharf boat for handling packet shipments at Charleston, W. Va. There are three gasoline and oil unloading stations at Charleston, Pratt, and Cabin Creek, but not available for public use. Numerous coal tipples owned by private interests exist, available for use only to the owners for loading into barges the coal mined by them. There is also a freight terminal at Charleston where freight may be transferred from barge to cars or vice versa. (For further details see H. Doc. No. 652, 66th Cong., 2d sess.) Effect of improvement.-The improvement of this river has ren- dered transportation by water easier, safer, and continuous. It has made possible the marketing of immense quantities of coal mined in the valley. There is a continual demand for improved facilities, which will greatly increase the commerce of the valley. Operations and results dtring fiscal year.-Contract for the river lock of the proposed twin locks at Marmet, W. Va., was awarded February 12, 1931. Inspections and tests on gates and machinery and all physical work completed. Work under contract was accepted and final payment made February 16, 1932. The total contract cost of this work, including extra work items, was $850,821.67. Contract for the land lock of the proposed twin locks at Marmet, W. Va., was awarded November 23, 1931. Work was commenced November 5, 1931. The work was delayed considerably by seven floods, which necessitated cessation of all work for periods varying from two days to a week. At the close of the fiscal year approximately 5,000 cubic yards of common excavation had been removed and 23,600 cubic yards of con- crete placed. Approximately 35 per cent of the metal work has been placed. The contract for the land lock is approximately 68 per cent complete. Contract for the river lock of the proposed twin locks at London, W. Va., was awarded April 2, 1931. Work under this contract was started April 16, 1931, and except for considerable delay due to high water and break in cofferdam, has been continuous to date. All gates and machinery have been installed and all work completed with the exception of a 100-foot section in the upper guard wall and the re- moval of the cofferdam. The contract for the construction of the river lock is approximately 98 per cent complete. Under maintenance dredging the channel was improved and a depth of 6 feet maintained by dredging approximately 45,500 cubic yards of material at approaches of locks Nos. 6, 9, 10, and 11. The total costs during the year were $2,019,219.61, of which $2,003,073.82 was for new work and $16,145.79 was for maintenance. The total expenditures during the year were $1,845,421.30. Condition at end of fiscal year.-The river is improved by a system of two fixed (Nos. 2 and 3) and eight movable (Nos. 4 to 11) dams with locks. The structures are in fairly good condition except the four older ones-Nos. 2, 3, 4, and 5. These structures are being replaced by two high-lift locks and dams authorized by the river and RIVERS AND HARBORS--HUNTINGTON, W. VA., DISTRICT 1285 harbor act of July 3, 1930, the construction of which is now: in progress. The existing locks and dams provide a minimum navigable depth of 6 feet from the mouth to a point about 2 miles below Loup Creek Shoals (90.57 miles from the mouth of the river). Above that point in the unimproved portion of the river the minimum depth in the open channel is less than 1 foot. The total cost under the existing project to the end of the fiscal year was $6,638,447.59, of which $6,622,301.80 was for new work and $16,145.79 was for maintenance. The total expenditures were $6,426,476.43. Proposed operations.-The balance unexpended of $265,135.82 and accounts receivable at the end of the fiscal year, together with an allotment of $1,030,000, made during July, 1932, will be applied as follows : Accounts payable June 30, 1932__________------------------ $211, 056. 93 New work: Completion of Lock B, Marmet, by contract (July-September, 1932) ------------------ $197,000.00 Construction of dam at Marmet, by contract (August, 1932-June, 1933) ----------------- 685, 000. 00 Machinery for operating power house at Marmet (July-September, 1932) __--------------- 20, 000. 00 Dredging approaches at Marmet (July-August, 1932)---------- ------------------------- 27,000.00 Purchase of land for abutment of dam at Marmet (July-October, 1932)------------------ 40, 000.00 Completion of Lock A at London, by contract (July-August, 1932) -- __- --- -- - - 76,267. 39 Purchase of land for Lock B and abutment at London (July-October, 1932) 35, 000. 00 1, 080, 267.39 Maintenance: Dredging to maintain channel-------------------- 3,854. 21 Total for all work ___--1, ---- 1 5, 178. 53 29------------------ With funds reserved for future allotment the following additional work is proposed during the fiscal year 1933: Continuing construction, Marmet Dam----- -- ----------------- $200. 000 Partial procurement of lands, Marmet abutment------------------ 10, 000 Continue flowage surveys, Marmet pool--------------------------35, 000 Bulkhead for London Lock ----------------------------------- 10,000 Continue flowage surveys, London pool-- _-- - __-15,-- 000 Total ----------------------------------------------- 270, 000 The additional sum of $1,355,000 can be profitable expended dur- ing the fiscal year 1934, as follows: New work: Completion of Marmet Dam (July-December, 1933)---------- $270, 000 Construction of approximately 32 per cent of London Dam (November, 1933-February, 1934)------- _-______--_ 355,000 Acquisition of all flowage rights in Marmet pool (July, 1933- June, 1934) --------------------------------------- Clearing of land in Marmet pool, improvement of grounds and completion of dredging of approach to London Locks, and ' the removal of existing locks and dams 4 and 5 (July, 1933- June, 1934) ---------------------------------------- Total T l - -- 1, 355, 000 1286 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1932 Commercial statistic.-The total commerce for the year 1931 was increased 7.7 per cent or 144,984 tons more than that of 1930. There were increases of 53,394 tons of coal, 48,629 tons of sand and gravel, and 42,590 tons of oil and gasoline. Of the total commerce, 72.3 per cent consisted of coal, 21.3 per cent sand and gravel, 5.4 per cent oil and gasoline, 0.3 per cent iron and steel, and 0.7 per cent miscellaneous. This commerce was moved by towboats, barges, and packet boats drawing for the most part not over 6 feet, and is a direct result of existing improvements. There is no traffic on the unimproved sec- tions of this river. Comparative statement Year Tons Value Passengers Year Tons Value Passengers 1927---------......... 1, 420, 776 $7, 250, 931 4, 588 1930- ---..... 1, 722, 351 $7, 351, 941 2,830 1928-- -----......... 1, 595, 846 7,332, 986 3, 370 1931----......... 1,867, 335 9, 899, 762 9, 312 1929---------- 1, 532, 264 7, 514, 796 3,596 Cost and financial summary Cost of new work to June 30, 1932__------------------------ $6, 672, 301. 80 Cost of maintenance to June 30, 1932 ------------------- 16, 145. 79 Total cost of permanent work to June 30, 1932--------- 6,688, 447. 59 Value of plant, materials, etc., on hand June 30, 1932------------ -- 95b. 94 Net total cost to June 30, 1932------------------ 6, 687, 490. 65 Plus accounts receivable June 30, 1932-------------------------- 42. 71 Gross total costs to June 30, 1932----------------- 6, 687, 533.36 Minus accounts payable June 30, 1932 .----...------------------- 211, 056. 93 Net total expenditures ------------------------------ 6, 476, 476. 43 Unexpended balance, June 30, 1932_-- ..------- ___--....__ 265, 135. 82 Total amount appropriated to June 30, 1932_--__--- 6, 741, 612. 25 Fiscal year ending June 30 1928 1929 1930 1931 1932 Cost of new work--- -------------------- ------------------------ $374, 615.73 $2, 003,073.82 Cost of maintenance .---------.------- --------- _ ----- _ ---- _ 16, 145. 79 Total cost---------------------- ------------------------ 374, 616. 73 2, 019, 219. 61 Total expended--------------------------- ....-----------........----------- 336, 442. 88 1, 845, 421. 30 Allotted----------------------------------------------------.............. 2,050, 000. 00 397, 000. 00 Balance unexpended July 1, 1931------- ------------------- $1, 713, 557. 12 Amount allotted from War Department appropriation act ap- proved Feb. 23, 1931------------------------------------- 397, 000. 00 Amount to be accounted for ---- ---------- __ 2, 110, 557. 12 Gross amount expended_ -- Less: - $1, 846, 696. 71 _--------- Reimbursements collected-------- $1, 265. 41 Receipts from sales-------------- 10. 00 1, 275. 41 1, 845, 421.30 Balance unexpended June 30, 1932--.------.. -- - 265, 135. 82 RIVERS AND HARBORS--HUNTINGTON, W. VA., DISTRICT 1287 Outstanding liabilities June 30, 1932------------ $202, 920. 58 Amount covered by uncompleted contracts------- 47, 575. 44 $250, 496.02 Balance available June 30, 1932------------------------- 14, 639. 80 Accounts receivable June 30, 1932----------------------------- 42. 71 Unobligated balance available June 30, 1932-------------- 14, 682. 51 Amount allotted from War Department appropriation act ap- proved July 14, 1932 --------------------- 1, 030, 000.00 Balance available for fiscal year 1933------------------- 1,044, 682. 51 Amount (estimated) required to be appropriated for completion of existing project -------------------------------- 2, 750, 000. 00 Amount that can be profitably expended in fiscal year ending June 30, 1934, for new work---------------------- --------- 1, 355, 000. 00 7. OPERATING AND CARE OF LOCKS AND DAMS ON KANAWHA RIVER, W. VA. The improvement for which report is made under this caption forms a part of the project for the improvement of Kanawha River, W. Va. See pages 1281 to 1287 where general information regarding the improvement can be found. The completed locks and dams have been operated and maintained under the permanent indefinite appropriation. See Existing project, page 1282. Operations and results during fiscal year.-The locks and dams were operated as required, and the necessary repairs made thereto and to the appurtenant structures. There was no suspension to navi- gation on account of high water and ice in that section of the river improved by movable dams. The Government telephone line became so unsatisfactory and unserviceable that it was abandoned and com- mercial service, furnished by the Chesapeake & Potomac Telephone Co. of West Virginia, was installed in all of the lock offices and Kanawha Falls gaging station. Lock No. 3. New panel boards were installed in both leaves of the lower lock gates. Lock No. 4. Replaced 5 wickets, 2 horses, 5 horse boxes, 5 hurters, and 3 slides on the navigable pass; overhauled maneuver boat. Lock No. 5. Replaced 18 wickets, 24 horse boxes, 1 hurter, 60 hurter slides, and 22 double-cushion blocks on the navigation pass; replaced 4 lock gate-valve blades and 16 coupling bolts; the exterior of the office and dwellings were painted. Lock No. 6. Replaced 1 wicket in the navigable pass; replaced 4 wickets, 4 horse boxes, and 4 hurters on the weir; rebuilt the upper guide wall approximately 250 feet in length. Lock No. 7. Replaced 1 wicket, 2 sill boxes, 10 trestles, 1 trestle box, and 36 chains on the weir; replaced 2 valve blades and 11 valve rods on the lock gates; repaired the upper guide wall. Lock No. 8. Replaced 2 wickets, 1 horse box, 1 horse, and 1 prop on the weir; the dwellings, office, and esplanade were wired for elec- tricity, commercially furnished. Lock No. 9. Installed 10 solid wickets, 10 horses, and 20 sill-box quoins on the weir; the exteriors of the office and dwellings were painted. SExclusive of available funds. 1288 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1932 Lock No. 10. Installed 1 new trestle and 20 new wicket chains on the weir; installed 3 sets of new beams and blocks and new glancers on upper and lower lock gates; the exteriors of the office and dwell- ings were painted. Lock No. 11. Replaced 2 props on navigable pass; replaced 1 wicket and 1 trestle on the weir; installed new filling boards in weir wickets; rebuilt the outside upper crib and raised level with the top of the lock wall; the upper guide wall was straightened and partly rebuilt. One hundred and twenty-eight snags, 337 bowlders, 4 stumps, 2 logs, and 14 old, sunken, abandoned barges were removed from the river. About 35,000 cubic yards of material were dredged from channel at Scary Shoal, Red House Shoal, and approaches to Locks Nos. 10 and 11. The cost of maintenance during the fiscal year amounted to $299,389.18. The expenditures were $311,466.39. Condition at end of fiscal year.-The river is improved by a system of two fixed (Nos. 2 and 3) and eight movable (Nos. 4 to 11) dams with locks. The structures are in fairly good condition except the four older ones, Nos. 2, 3, 4, and 5. These structures are being replaced by two high-lift locks and dams authorized by the river and harbor act of July 3, 1930, the construction of which is now in progress. The existing locks and dams provide a minimum navigable depth of 6 feet from mouth to a point about 2 miles below Loup Creek Shoals (90.57 miles from the mouth of the river). Above that point in the unimproved portion of the river the minimum depth in the open channel is less than 1 foot. The total expenditures under the existing project to the end of the fiscal year, from permanent indefinite appropriations, have been $4,566,783.76. Proposed operations.-The locks and dams will be operated and maintained under allotments from the permanent indefinite appro- priation provided by section 6 of the river and harbor act of March 3, 1909. Commercial statistics.-See preceding report on Kanawha River, W. Va. Cost and financial summary Cost of maintenance to June 30, 1932 __----- $4, 439, 934.13 Value of plant, materials, etc., on hand June 30, 1932 ___ 134, 265. 97 Net total cost to June 30, 1932-----------------------4, 574, 200. 10 Plus accounts receivable June 30, 1932 ------------------------ , 882. 68 Gross total costs to June 30, 1932--------------------- 4, 581, 082. 78 Minus accounts payable June 30, 1932-------------------------- 4, 299. 02 Net total expenditures------------------------------4, 566, 783.76 Unexpended balance June 30, 1932---------------------------- 53, 619. 07 Total amount appropriated to June 30, 1932-------------4, 620,402. 83 Fiscal year ending June 30 1928 1929 1930 1931 1932 Cost ofnew work------------ ---------....---------- Cost of maintenance-----------------....................... $182, 798. 65 $174, 833. 56 $190, 613. 75 $253, 062. 47 $299, 389. 18 Total expended--------- ........................ 185, 746. 47 183, 472. 03 164, 681. 08 314, 841. 27 311, 466. 3 Allotted ............... _................... 170, 000. 00 165, 000. 00 160,800.00 270,945.09 361, 934. 29 RIVERS AND HARBORS-HUNTINGTON, W. VA., DISTRICT 1289 Balance unexpended July 1, 1931------------------- --------- $3, 151. 17 Amount allotted from permanent indefinite appropriation, sec. 6, river and harbor act, Mar. 3, 1909-..-............ ---- 361, 934. 29 Amount to be accounted for_---------------__ - __ 365,085. 16 Gross amount expended_------------- ------- - $312, 636.66 Less: Reimbursements collected---.----------$190.60 Receipts from sales ------- ------ __ 979, 67 - - 1, 170. 27 311, 466. 39 Balance unexpended June 30, 1932------------------ 53, 619. 07 Outstanding liabilities June 30, 1932 -------------------------- 34, 382. 83 Balance available June 30, 1932_--_---------------------- 19, 236. 24 Accounts receivable June 30, 1932__ 6, 882.68 Unobligated balance available June 30, 1932______________ 26, 118. 92 Amount allotted for fiscal year 1933-----------------------_ 122, 120. 62 Balance available for fiscal year 1933-___-____--_-- -__ 148, 239. 54 8. BIG SANDY RIVER AND LEVISA AND TUG FORKS, W. VA. AND KY. Location and description.-The Big Sandy River, which is non- tidal, is formed at Louisa, Ky., by the junction of the Levisa and Tug Forks, flows nearly due north for 27 miles, and empties into the Ohio River between Catlettsburg, Ky., and Kenova, W. Va.. about 10 miles below Huntington, W. Va. Levisa Fork rises in southwestern Virginia, is 160 miles long, and flows north; and Tug Fork rises in West Virginia, is 154 miles long, and flows northwest. The drainage area of the Big Sandy and forks is 4,283 square miles, and the discharge at extreme low water about 31 second-feet. The extreme high-water discharge is not known. The extreme low-water stage ordinarily obtains in October and November and the high- water stage in the winter and spring months. The slope is somewhat in excess of 1 foot per mile in the main stream and from 1.3 to 1.8 feet per mile in the forks. The width of the improved section varies from 250 to 400 feet on the main river and 150 to 300 feet in the forks. (See U. S. Geological Survey chart for States of West Vir- ginia and Kentucky; scale 1: 500,000.) Original condition.-These streams were obstructed by snags, bowlders, leaning trees, etc. The channel at moderate stages was about 30 to 50 feet in width and 2 to 4 in depth, and during the late summer and fall months depths were reduced to a few inches. At good stages steamboats ascended to Pikeville, on Levisa Fork, and Pond Creek, on Tug Fork, distances of 88.5 and 58.1 miles, respectively, above Louisa, the junction, 27 miles from the mouth. Rafts of logs and push boats were run from points some 20 or 30 miles above the boating limits. Previous projects.--The original project was adopted by the act of July 18, 1878, and modified by the acts of June 14, 1880, and July 13, 1892. Total cost and expenditures on original and modified projects were $380,431.16. (For further details see Annual Report for 1915, p. 1929.) Existing project.-This provides for three locks and dams on the main river, two locks and dams each on Levisa Fork and Tug Fork, 1290 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1932 and regulating works below Lock No. 1, reaching to the Ohio River. Only the three locks and dams on the main river and the lower lock and dam on each fork have been constructed. The existing im- provement gives a connection with pool formed by Dam No. 29, Ohio River, a slack-water depth of 6 feet from the Ohio River to Louisa, Ky., 27 miles, and thence to Cox Branch on Levisa Fork and to Bear Branch on Tug Fork, 17.5 and 12.5 miles, respectively, above Louisa. The clearing of the forks above slack-water limits to Pikeville on Levisa Fork and to Pond Creek on Tug Fork is also included in the project. The locks have available dimensions of 55 by 160 feet, except No. 3, which is 52 by 158 feet. The usual variations of water level are about 50 feet in lower part and 35 feet in upper part of river, extreme heights of more than 60 feet being reached when the Ohio River is in flood. The estimate of cost for new work, revised in 1928, is $2,256,800. The maintenance of these works is provided for by annual allotments from the appropriation for operating and care of canals, etc. The existing project was authorized by the following river and harbor acts: The act of June 14, 1880, provided for the construction of lock near Louisa, Ky.; the act of July 13, 1892, provided for a movable dam at lock near Louisa, Ky. (H. Doc. No. 25, 52d Cong., 1st sess.); act of March 3, 1899, provided for construction of two locks and dams on main stream (H. Doc. No. 456, 55th Cong., 2(1 sess.); act of June 13, 1902, provided for removal of obstructions and construction of one lock and movable dam each on Levisa and Tug Forks, and raising crest of Dam No. 3; act of March 3, 1905, provided for regulating works at mouth of river; act of March 2, 1907, provided for the construction of a service bridge at Dam No. 1. No map of the river has been published. The following statement gives the characteristics of the locks and dams included in this report: Lock Location Dimensions . Lock and r mDam-Type - ~ dam , o of construc- m . a Founda- tion 1I , No. Nearest town 00.a L "o a a s tion 0 o ... Miles Feet Feet Feet Feet 1 Catlettsburg, Ky 0. 3 55.0 160. 0 13. 5 9. 0 Sandstone_ Needle pass 1905 $318, 417.64 wicket weir. 2 Buchanan, Ky ... 12. 9 55. 0 160. 0 12. 6 6.0 --.... do- ... . do-...... 1905 278, 893. 10 3 Louisa, Ky _____. 26. 6 52. 0 158. 0 10. 6 7.8 ..- do-..........do ..____ 1897 396, 304.98 1L Gallup, Ky .__ _.. 35. 4 55.0 160. 0 11. 0 8. 7 ._ do -....... do ...... 1910 250, 128.70 2L Richardson, Ky__. 31.0 55. 0 160. 0 12. 0 --...---...... do.........do ...... () a 545, 000. 00 1T Saltpeter, W. Va__ 30.4 55.0 160.0 12.0 7.7 Piles in .... do .... _____ 1910 268, 452.26 gravel. 2T Webb, W. Va-.... 38. 1 55. 0 _ 12. 0 _ Sandstone- .... do....... (2) a 507, 500. 00 movale dams. SAll Not bul...Esimtd,198 I All movable dams. 2 Not built. 3 Estimated, 1928. RIVERS AND HARBORS---HUNTINGTON, W. VA., DISTRICT 1291 Recommended modifications of project.-Recommendation was made September 8, 1914, that the slack-water improvement of the Tug and Levisa Forks be discontinued. (H. Doc. No. 1159, 63d Cong., 2d sess.) Local cooperation.-None. Terminal facilities.-There are two terminals on Big Sandy River, the Tri-State Refining Co. terminal being located about one-fourth mile above Lock No. 1, and the Ashland Refining Co. 4 miles above Lock No. 1. Both terminals have pipe lines for loading crude oil and its products into tank barges. There is no physical connection between rail and river traffic and no arrangement for exchange of commerce. Effect of improvement.-The improvement rendered water trans- portation safer and more continuous when originally built, but high- ways now carry the commerce originally carried by river. The Big Sandy coal fields are not reached by the existing improvement. Operations and results during fiscal year.-Further improvement by the construction of locks and dams has been suspended pending action of Congress on recommended modifications of the project in House Document No. 1159, Sixty-third Congress, second session. Condition at end of fiscal year.-The existing project is about 54 per cent complete. Locks and Dams Nos. 1, 2, and 3, Big Sandy River, and Nos. 1 on each of Levisa and Tug Forks are completed and in operation. The crest of Dam No. 3 has been raised; the service bridge provided at Dam No. 1, Big Sandy River, and regu- lating works at mouth of river completed. The sites for Locks and Dams No. 2 on each fork have been selected but not purchased. The 6-foot slack-water depth, considerably reduced by sand bars which form near the loads of pools at times of floods, now exists to about 18 miles up Levisa Fork and 12 miles up Tug Fork. Above these points the river has been cleared of obstructions so as to facilitate push-boat navigation at rafting to above Pikeville on Levisa Fork and Pond Creek on Tug Fork. The depth is sometimes reduced to 4 feet or even less. The total cost of the existing project to June 30, 1932, for new work was $1,204,304.92 and for maintenance $64,857.66, being in all $1,269,162.58. The expenditures were the same. Proposed operations.-None. Commercial statistics.-The total commerce for the year 1931 was increased 54.8 per cent or 41,761 tons more than that of 1930. There were increases of 9,653 tons of gasoline, 21,041 tons fuel oil, and 11,067 tons of floating timber. Of the total commerce 42.7 per cent consisted of gasoline, 39.8 per cent fuel oil, and 17.5 per cent floating timber. This commerce, except 13,318 tons of floated logs, was moved by towboats and barges drawing for the most part 6 feet, and is a. direct result of existing improvements. Traffic on the unimproved sections of Tug and Levisa Forks consists of rafting of logs and poles at certain stages of high water. 1292 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1932 Comparative statement Vessel traffic Rafted Total Calendar year Passen- gers Tons Value Tons Value Tons Value 1927...................... 32, 316 $883, 654 2, 821 $28, 210 35, 137 $911, 864 118 1928...................... 16, 519 557, 501 1, 945 18, 445 18, 464 575, 946 ... 1929...................... 16, 497 558, 184 14, 322 128, 898 30, 819 687, 082 .... .. 1930-------------------...................... 32, 205 1,111, 304 2, 251 20, 259 34, 456 1,131, 563 193 1931 1------------------..................... 62, 899 1, 462, 462 13, 318 119, 862 76, 217 1, 582, 324 _. 1Includes 47,935 tons which passed through Lock No. 1 only. Cost and financial summary Cost of new work to June 30, 1932 ------------------------ $1, 584, 736. 08 Cost of maintenance to June 30, 1932-------------------------- 64,857.66 Total cost of permanent work to June 30, 19321----------, 649, 593. 74 Net total expenditures-------- -------------------------- 1, 649, 593. 74 Total amount appropriated to June 30, 1932 , 649, 593.74 1----------------- Amount (estimated) required to be appropriated for completion of existing project----------------------------------- , 052, 500. 00 9. OPERATING AND CARE OF LOCKS AND DAMS ON BIG SANDY RIVER, W. VA. AND KY., INCLUDING LEVISA AND TUG FORKS The improvement for which report is made under this caption forms part of the project for improving Big Sandy River and Levisa and Tug Forks, W. Va. and Ky. (See p. 1289, where general infor- mation can be found.) The completed locks and dams have been operated and maintained under the permanent indefinite appropria- tion since the date given opposite each: No. 1. Big Sandy, February 1, 1905. No. 2. Big Sandy, May 10, 1905. No. 3. Big Sandy, January 1, 1897. No. 1. Levisa Fork, January 1, 1910. No. 1. Tug Fork, January 1, 1910. Operation8 and results during fiscal year.-The completed locks and dams were operated and maintained. At Lock No. 1 an electric flood light was installed for night operation. Repairs and replace- ments were made to two filling and emptying valves. One new escape bar was installed and the toggle pins and plates on the lock gates were renewed. At Lock No. 2 two escape bars and approximately three bags of needles replaced and 360 linear feet of concrete placed. At Lock No. 3 two frame and one concrete block storage buildings were razed under contract. The dwellings were repaired at all locks. The total cost during the fiscal year amounted to $27,636.61, and the expenditures were $29,154.71. Concdition at end of fiscal year.-The locks and dams are in good condition and reasonably meet the demands of navigation. The total expenditures under the existing project to the end of the fiscal year from the permanent indefinite appropriation were $908,337.40. RIVERS AND HARBORS-HUNTINGTON, W. VA., DISTRICT 1293 Proposed operationi.-The lock and dams will be operated and maintained under the permanent indefinite appropriation provided by section 6 of the river and harbor act of March 3, 1909. Commercial statistics.-See preceding report on Big Sandy River and Levisa and Tug Forks. Cost and financal summary Cost of maintenance to June 30, 1932__----------------------- $897, 710. 36 Value of plant, materials, etc., on hand June 30, 1932-----------11,269.10 Net total cost to June 30, 1932_ ---__-__-____------ 908,979.46 Plus accounts receivable June 30, 1932_ -------_-__-------- 255. 00 Gross total costs to June 30, 1932-- --------------- 909, 234. 46 Minus accounts payable June 30, 1932_--------------------__--- 897. 06 Net total expenditures------------------------ ------ 908, 337. 40 Unexpended balance June 30, 1932.-------------------- - - 4, 649. 80 Total amount appropriated to June 30, 1932 -____._____ 912, 987. 20 Fiscal year ending June 30 1928 1929 1930 1931 1932 Cost of new w ork ...-- Cost of maintenance___------- __ _ . --.. . ---. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .---- $36, 016. 15 $42,199. 58 $44, 162. 13 $39, 887. 34 $27, 636. 61 Total expended _ -- ---.................----...36, 319. 22 40, 574. 65 43, 111. 19 42, 392. 53 29, 154. 71 Allotted-------_ ------------------------- 40, 000. 00 35, 000. 00 42, 000. 00 50, 000. 00 19, 000. 00 Balance unexpended July 1, 1931 -------------------------- $14, 804. 51 Amount allotted from permanent indefinite appropriations, sec. 6, river and harbor act, Mar. 3, 1909--------------------------19, 000. 00 Amount to be accounted for-------- ------------ ------- 33, 804. 51 Gross amount expended------ -------------------- $30, 129. 53 Less : Reimbursements collected---____----- _ $836. 58 Receipts from sales - __------ _ 138. 24 974.82 29, 154. 71 Balance unexpended June 30, 1932 ------------------ 4, 649. 80 Outstanding liabilities June 30, 1932-------------------------- 1, 917. 78 Balance available June 30, 1932 --___--___ ____----2, 732. 02 Accounts receivable June 30, 1932--------- ----------- 255. 00 Unobligated balance available June 30, 1932_ ....... ____- - 2, 987. 02 Amount allotted for fiscal year 1933 --------------------- 22, 000. 00 Balance available for fiscal year 1933 ------------------- 24, 987. 02 10. EXAMINATIONS, SURVEYS, AND CONTINGENCIES (GENERAL) Operations under this heading comprise the making of preliminary examinations and surveys for navigation, called for by river and harbor acts and by resolutions of the committees of Congress (not including those investigations provided for in H. Doc. No. 308, 69th Cong., 1st sess., or by sec. 10 of the flood control act of May 15, 1928); collection of commercial statistics; miscellaneous surveys, in- 1294 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1932 spections, and estimates; permit and bridge inspections; harbor line studies; fish-net inspections; administration charges incurred in con- nection with inactive river and harbor projects; and minor routine navigation investigations. The cost of work during the year amounted to $48,970.93; the expenditures were $49,126.62. The bal- ance unexpended June 30, 1932, together with allotments made dur- ing July, 1932, will be applied as needed during the fiscal year 1933 to payment of expenses incurred in connection with the above items. The additional sum of $20,000 can be profitably expended during the fiscal year ending June 30, 1934. Cost and financial summary Cost of maintenance to June 30, 1932------------------------ $206, 348. 90 Minus accounts payable June 30, 1932----- -- ----------- - 1, 166. 37 Net total expenditures------------------------------- 205, 182. 53 Unexpended balance June 30, 1932 ------------ 617. 47 Total amount appropriated to June 30, 1932---------------205, 800. 00 Fiscal year ending June 30 1928 1929 1930 1931 1932 Cost ofnew work.... ..------ I--------- Cost of maintenance-----....--.........----- ----- ------------ $32,153. 20 $43, 390. 22 $81, 834. 55 $48, 970. 93 .........------------ 24, 534. 32 Total expended...........-------------------- 49, 035. 17 82, 486. 42 49, 126.62 Allotted--------....................---------------------.......--------- 57, 000.00 50, 000. 00 68, 500.00 30,000. 00 Balance unexpended July 1, 1931 ---------------------------- $19, 744.09 Amount allotted from War Department appropriation act approved Feb. 23, 1931-------- --------------------------------- 30, 000. 00 Amount to be accounted for--------------------------- 49, 744.09 Gross amount expended------ ------------------ -- $52, 223. 00 Less reimbursements collected----------------------3, 096. 38 49, 126. 62 Balance unexpended June 30, 1932------------------------- 617. 47 Outstanding liabilities June 30, 1932--------------------------- 1, 166. 37 Balance available June 30, 1932 --------------------------- 548. 90 Amount allotted from War Department appropriation act approved July 14, 1932 ------------------------------------------ 25, 000. 00 Amount allotted from War Department appropriation act approved Feb. 23, 1931 --------------------------------- ----- , 000. 00 Balance available for fiscal year 1933--------------------- 25, 451. 10 Amount that can be profitably expended in fiscal year ending June - -- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 30, 1934, for maintenance 20, 000 00 EXAMINATIONS MADE IN COMPLIANCE WITH THE RIVER AND HIARBOR ACTS APPROVED JANUARY 21, 1927, AND JULY 3, 1930, AND ACTS OF CONGRESS APPROVED FEBRUARY 13 AND FEBRUARY 27, 1931 Reports on preliminary examinations required by the river and harbor acts approved January 21, 1927, and July 3, 1930, and acts of Congress approved February 13 and February 27, 1931, of the following localities within this district, were duly submitted by the 1 Exclusive of available funds. RIVERS AND HARBORS-CINCINNATI, OHIO, DISTRICT 1295 district and division engineers. They were reviewed by the Board of Engineers for Rivers and Harbors, pursuant to law, and were transmitted to Congress but have not yet been printed: 1. Preliminary examination of Little Kanauwha River, W. Va.- Reports by the district and division engineers were transmitted to Congress December 10, 1931. The improvement of this locality, other than as authorized by the existing project, is not deemed advisable at the present time. 2. Preliminary examination of Hocking River, Ohio.-Reports by the district and division engineers were transmitted to Congress De- cember 9, 1931. The improvement of this locality by the United States is not deemed advyable at the present time. 3. Preliminary examcination of Mohican River Ditch, Ohio, with a view to the control of the floods.-Reports by the district and division engineers were transmitted to Congress April 26, 1932. A survey of the Mohican River and its tributaries, with a view to the conti ol of the floods, is not deemed advisable at the present time. 4. Preliminary examination of Hocking River, Athens County, Ohio, with a view to the control of the floods.-Reports by the dis- trict and division engineers were transmitted to Congress April 25, 1932. A survey of the Hocking River in Athens County, Ohio, is not deemed advisable at the present time. The local engineer was also charged with the duty of making other preliminary examinations and surveys required by the river and har- bor acts approved January 21, 1927, and July 3, 1930, as follows: 1. Kanawha River, W. Va., from Lock No. 5 to, its mouth.-Re- ports dated May 18, 1928, and February 15, 1930, by the district en- gineer, and May 24, 1928, and February 19, 1930, by the division engineer, on preliminary examination and survey, were received. The district and division engineers were requested to submit new reports on survey. 2. Big Sandy River and Tug and Levisa Forks, W. Va. and Ky., with a view to completing the slack-water projects on these rivers. Reports dated September 30, 1931, and November 14, 1931, by the district and division engineers, on preliminary examination, are held in abeyance by the Board of Engineers for Rivers and Harbors at the request of local interests. IMPROVEMENT OF RIVERS AND HARBORS IN THE CINCINNATI, OHIO, DISTRICT This district comprises the stretch of the Ohio River from about mile 317.5 below Pittsburgh, which is just below the mouth of the Big Sandy River, Ky., to about mile 556.2 just above Madison, Ind., a distance of about 238.7 miles, and includes Dams Nos. 29 to 39, inclusive; also all work on the Kentucky River, Ky. District engineer: Lieut. Col. R. G. Powell, Corps of Engineers, to September 15, 1931, and Capt. J. D. Cleary, Corps of Engineers, since that date. Sector engineer: Lieut. Col. R. G. Powell, Corps of Engineers. Division engineer: Col. G. R. Spalding, Corps of Engineers. 140960---ENG 1932--82 1296 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1932 IMPROVEMENTS Page Page 1. O h ioRi v e r open-channel 4. Operating snagboats on the work------------------- 1296 Ohio River-------------- 1296 2. Construction of Locks and 5. Operating and care of locks Dams Nos. 29-39, Ohio and dams on Kentucky River----------- 1296 River, Ky --------------- 1296 3. Operating and care of Locks 6. Examinations, surveys, and and Dams Nos. 29-39, Ohio contingencies (general) ___ 1299 River1------------------296 1-4. For reports on these improvements see page 1227. 5. OPERATING AND CARE OF LOCKS AND DAMS ON KENTUCKY RIVER, KY. Location and description.-The Kentucky River is formed by the confluence of its north and middle forks about 4 miles east of the town of Beattyville in east central Kentucky, the south fork joining the main stream at that place. From Beattyville, the river flows in a northwesterly direction for about 255 miles emptying into the Ohio River at Carrollton, Ky. The drainage area is 6,935 square miles, and the discharge at extreme low water is about 15 second-feet. The extreme high water discharge is 75,600 second-feet at Lock and Dam No. 4. The loi-water stages ordinarily occur during October and November and high-water stages in the winter and spring months. The river has an average fall of about 0.8 foot per mile. The width of the improved section in the lower part is about 400 feet and in the upper part 250 to 300 feet. (See U. S. Geological Survey chart for State of Kentucky; scale, 1: 500,000.) Original condition.-The State of Kentucky built 5 locks and dams, providing slack water in the river from a point 4 miles above its mouth to a point near Oregon, Ky., a distance of 93 miles, com- pleting the work about 1844, at a cost of about $780,000. These works were taken over by the General Government in 1879, and were, in general, in bad condition and unable to maintain depths suitable for navigation. The river above slack water was not available for steamboat navigation, except at times of freshets, the channel being only about 30 to 50 feet in width and with very small depths. Log rafts were able to come out from the upper river on moderate rises and push-boat navigation was carried on to and above Beattyville. Previous projects.--None. Existing project.--The project provides for 14 locks and fixed dams to give, in connection with the improvement of the Ohio River, a slack-water navigation of 6 feet minimum depth from the Ohio River to points on the three forks a short distance above Beattyville, Ky. The total length of pool water of 6-foot project depth is about 263 miles. The river ordinarily rises to a height of 50 feet in the lower part and 30 feet in the upper part. The extreme height due to floods from Ohio River backwater exceeds 65 feet in lower sec- tions and occasional floods exceed 40 feet in the upper pools. The original estimate of cost, which contemplated the rehabilita- tion of the State locks and dams and the extension of slack water to the three forks at Beattyville, was $1,074,402, revised later to $4,865,550 for its completion. The maintenance of these works is RIVERS AND HARBORS--CINCINNATI, OHIO, DISTRICT 1297 provided for by annual allotments from the appropriation for oper- ating and care of canals, etc. The existing project was adopted by the river and harbor act of March 3, 1879, in accordance with the report published in House Document No. 47, Forty-fifth Congress, third session. No map of the river has been published. The following statement shows the characteristics of the several locks and dams in this project: Lock Location Dimensions When No. reatest Greatest Lift of lower Depth Founda- com- pleted Cost Miles available lock tion Nearest town from Clear mouthwidth length (full siller mouth width width of lock) Feet Feet Feet Feet 11 Carrollton, Ky _ 4. 0 37 145 17. 0 6. 8 Rock and clay. 12 Lockport, Ky- .... 31. 0 38 145 13. 9 6. 1 Rock .... 13 Gest, Ky-... .... 42. 0 38 145 12.5 6.5 do .... 1884 $1,350,384. 14 Frankfort, Ky-..... 65. 0 38 145 13. 9 6.7 -__do-... 15 Tyronne, Ky ..____. 82. 2 38 145 14. 5 6.4 odo_ 16 Salvisa, Ky....____ _ 96. 2 52 147 14. 4 6. 0 Rock and 1894 314, 846. 70 piles. 17 High Bridge, Ky . 117. 0 52 148 15. 3 6. 9 Rock__.... 1897 290, 768. 44 18 Little Hickman, Ky_ 139. 3 52 146 18. 0 6. 0 -__do .-.- 1900 275, 463. 14 S9 Valley View, Ky .- 157. 0 52 148 18. 0 6. 0 -- ___do ... 1903 237, 645. 75 10 Ford, Ky...._ 176. 3 52 148 17.0 6.0 _._do ..___ 1904 221, 490. 58 211 412 College Hill, Ky Ravenna, Ky-__- 201. 3 221. 3 52 52 148 148 18. 0 18. 0 6. 0 6. 0 --_do- .. _ -_.do ..-.. 1906 1910 296, 592. 95 425, 693. 33 '13 Willow, Ky _______ 239. 3 52 148 18.0 7.0 ___do- ... 1915 460, 365. 52 '14 Heidelberg, Ky- ... 249. 3 52 148 18. 0 7. 0 __do ..- 1917 392, 902. 06 1 Fixed dam, crib construction. 2 Built by the State of Kentucky. Cost is given for repairs by United States only. 8 Fixed dam, concrete construction. 4 Fixed dam, concrete construction, movable crest. Recommended modifications of project.-None. Local cooperation.-With the exception that the lower five locks and dams were built by the State of Kentucky, there has been no local cooperation. Terminal facilities.-For general merchandise and miscellaneous freight practically no terminal facilities exist except a wharf boat in the Ohio River at the mouth of the Kentucky River and a num- ber of small, poorly kept warehouses along the stream. Such facili- ties as exist are operated for profit and are privately owned. With the exception of a few tie hoists and sawmills and a gravel plant, there is no physical connection between water and rail terminals and no mutual contract for the interchange of traffic. At and near Beattyville large tanks are provided for the storage of oil, which is shipped in barges. Operations and results during fiscal year.-The locks and dams and necessary plant have been maintained in good condition. Some interruption to traffic was caused by high water, ice, and repairs. The total expenditures for the year were $87,134.84 for maintenance work, by day labor. Cost of work, $169,138.52. Condition at end of fiscal year.-The existing project was com- pleted in 1917 at a saving of $689,910.95 under the estimated cost. 1298 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1932 The work accomplished under the project has been the rehabilita- tion of the five old State locks and dams and the construction of new Locks and Dams Nos. 6 to 14, inclusive. A slack-water depth of 6 feet now exists from the Ohio River to the head of pool formed by Dam No. 14, or 260 miles. The year of completion of the various locks and dams is given in the table in the paragraph Exist- ing project. The works have been maintained in good condition. Necessary repairs and additions have been made and suitable plant for assisting in the operation and care of the locks and dams has been provided. The works are now in fairly good condition and afford a controlling depth of 6 feet, which is adequate for all navi- gation, except loaded coal barges. The total expenditures on this project to the end of the fiscal year are as follows: For new work--- ---------------------------------- .$4, 175, 639.05 For operating and care of locks and dams -------------- _ 6, 119, 311.91 Total -----------------------------------.-- 10, 294, 950. 96 Proposed operations.-The locks and dams will be operated and maintained under allotments from the permanent indefinite appro- priation provided by section 6 of the river and harbor act of March 3, 1909. Commercial statistics.-The principal downstream comme ,m timber in the log from headwaters and coal from pool 14, while the inbound commerce from the Ohio River consists of coal and general merchandise. Farm products are also shipped outward in the lower 100 miles of the stream. The prevailing draft of boats handling this commerce is 5 feet. Vessel traffic Rafted Total Additional traffic, Y ear Passen- Passen- general ferry gers Tons Value Tons Value Tons Value Tons Value 1927 .-- 118, 343 $1, 866, 436 47, 919 $575, 028 166, 262 $2, 441, 464 20, 656 44, 577 $12, 937, 500 1928-....- 100, 956 1,347, 379 43, 787 525, 333 144, 743 1,872, 823 22, 132 45, 469 13, 516, 300 1929- .. 105, 088 1, 540, 557 51, 168 614, 016 156, 256 2, 154, 573 17, 185 52, 919 15, 703, 800 1930- ..-- 74, 378 1, 172, 726 36, 808 441, 696 111, 186 1,614, 422 15,448 56, 957 16, 728, 900 1931L -_. 131, 402 433, 662 21, 268 223, 314 152, 670 656, 977 12, 124 80, 582 23, 874, 600 Cost and financial summary for maintenance and inmprovement funds Cost of new work to June 30, 1932 _____________ $4, 175, 639. 05 Cost of maintenance to June 30, 1932. .__ .__ Net total expenditures ------------------------------ 4, 175, 639.05 Total amount appropriated to June 30, 1932-------------- 4, 175, 639. 05 Cost and financial summary for operating and care funds Cost of maintenance to June 30, 1932 _ -$5, ------- 779, 974. 63 Value of plant, materials, etc., on hand June 30, 1932----------- 342, 159. 44 Net total cost to June 30, 1932---------------------- 6, 122, 134. 07 Minus accounts payable June 30, 1932___------------ 2, 822.16 Net total expenditures_ ----------------------- 6, 119, 311. 91 Unexpended balance June 30, 1932--------------------------- 53, 291.14 Total amount appropriated to June 30. 1932---_- - 6, 172, 603.05 RIVERS AND HARBORS-CINCINNATI, OHIO, DISTRICT 1299 Fiscal year ending June 30 1928 1929 1930 1931 1932 Cost of new work.. ----------------------------------------------------- Cost of maintenance-- ---------------- $235, 788.3 $276, 229.15 $193, 848. 36 $211,651. 65 $69, 138. 52 Total expended.. _ 197, 910.36 231, 955.31 .---------------------- 228, 978.44 216,067.83 87, 134.84 Allotted ---------- ------------------- 224,900.00 200,000.00 250,000.00 180,000.00 117, 516.72 Balance unexpended July 1, 1931_ __------____-------___ $22,909.26 Amount allotted from permanent indefinite appropriations, sec. 6, river and harbor act, Mar. 3, 1909--------------- --- 155, 000. 00 Amount to be accounted for_______--____------------ 177, 909. 26 Deductions on account of revocation of allotment----------------37, 483. 28 Net amount to be accounted for -________--_-----------140, 425. 98 Gross amount expended-________-__ __------__ $199, 642.35 Less: Reimbursements collected --------- $72, 693. 24 Receipts from sales ____--------- 39, 814. 27 112, 507. 51 87, 134. 84 Balance unexpended June 30, 1932-------------------- 53, 291. 14 Outstanding liabilities June 30, 1932___________- - 13, 305. 59 Amount covered by uncompleted contracts ______-_---175. 88 13, 481.47 Balance available June 30, 1932 ________----------39, 809. 67 Amount allotted for fiscal year 1933----------------------- 115, 000. 00 Balance available for fiscal year 1933__--------- ---- 154, 809.67 6. EXAMINATIONS, SURVEYS, AND CONTINGENCIES (GENERAL) Operations under this heading comprise the making of preliminary examinations and surveys for navigation, called for by river and harbor acts and by resolutions of the committees of Congress (not including those investigations provided for in H. Doc. No. 308, 69th Cong., 1st sess., or by sec. 10 of the flood control act of May 15, 1928) ; collection of commercial statistics; miscellaneous surveys, inspec- tions, and estimates; permit and bridge inspections; harbor-line studies; fish-net inspections; administration charges incurred in con- nection with inactive river and harbor projects; and minor routine navigation investigations. The cost of work during the year amounted to $33,104.33; the expenditures were $31,980.99. The bal- ance unexpended June 30, 1932, together with allotment made during July, 1932, will be applied as needed during the fiscal year 1933 to payment of expenses incurred in connection with the above items. The additional sum of $21,000 can be profitably expended during the fiscal year ending June 30, 1934. Cost and financial summary Cost of maintenance to June 30, 1932_______11111-- 11-- $84, 237. 31 Minus accounts payable June 30, 1932__------------------------ 1, 188. 71 Net total expenditures -------------------------------- 83, 048. 60 Unexpended balance June 30, 1932 ------------------ ----- 8, 501.40 Total amount appropriated to June 30, 1932-------.------ 91, 550. 00 1300 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1932 Fiscal year ending June 30 1928 1929 1930 1931 1932 Cost of new work---------------------------------- ------------------------------------- Cost of maintenance----------------------------- $5, 218.84 $20, 526.64 $25,387.40 $33, 104.43 Total expended--------------------------------- 4,735.33 20,779.61 25,532.67 31, 980.99 Allotted----.....---------------------------- $1,000.00 17,750.00 24,600.00 34,700.00 13,500.00 Balance unexpended July 1, 1931--------------------------------- $26, 982. 39 Amount allotted from War Department appropriation act approved Feb. 23, 1931_1-------------------------------------------3, 500. 00 Amount to be accounted for ........... __. 40, 482. 39 Gross amount expended_ -_______.__.__---______ $31, 993.34 Less reimbursements collected_ __--------------___-- 12. 35 31, 980. 99 Balance unexpended June 30, 1932----------------------- 8, 501.40 Outstanding liabilities June 30, 1932---------------------1, 196. 71 Balance available June 30, 19327_________7___________ 7, 304. 69 Amount allotted from War Department appropriation act approved July 14, 1932 ------------------------------------------- 16, 000. 00 Balance available for fiscal year 1933---------------------23, 304.69 Amount that can be profitably expended in fiscal year ending June 30, 1934, for maintenance 1- _- - ___ - - - - .____21, 000.00 EXAMINATIONS MADE IN COMPLIANCE WITH THE RIVER AND HARBOR ACT APPROVED JULY 3, 1930 Reports on preliminary examinations required by the river and harbor act approved July 3, 1930, of the following localities within this district were duly submitted by the district and division engi- neers. They were reviewed by the Board of Engineers for Rivers and Harbors, pursuant to law, and were transmitted to Congress, but have not yet been printed: 1. Preliminary examination of Kentucky River, Ky.-Reports by the district and division engineers were transmitted to Congress De- cember 9, 1931. The improvement of this locality, other than as authorized by the existing project, is not deemed advisable at the present time. 2. Preliminary examination of Ohio River, at and in the vicinity of New Richmond, Ohio.-Reports by the district and division engi- neers were transmitted to Congress December 10, 1931. The im- provement of this locality by the United States is not deemed advisable at the present time. The local engineer was also charged with the duty of making a preliminary examination and survey of the Great Miami River, Ohio,. provided for by the river and harbor act of July 3, 1930. Reports dated May 15, 1931, and November 21, 1931, by the district and divi- sion engineers on preliminary examination are held in abeyance by the Board of Engineers for Rivers and Harbors at the request of local interests. 1 Exclusive of available funds. RIVERS AND HARBORS-LOUISVILLE, KY., DISTRICT 1301 The division engineer, upper Mississippi Valley division, was charged with the duty of making a preliminary examination and surveys provided for by the river and harbor acts of March 2, 1919, and September 22, 1922, as follows: 1. Canal connecting Lake Erie with the Ohio River via the Miami and Erie Canal, Ohio, or other routes, including a branch canal connecting Lake Michigan. 2. Report on a waterway from a point at or near Erie Harbor,Pa., by way of French Creek and Allegheny River to the Ohio River. Reports on the above-mentioned investigations were received, but are held in abeyance by the Board of Engineers for Rivers and Harbors at the request of local interests. REPORT MADE IN COMPLIANCE WITH RESOLUTION OF THE COMMITTEE ON RIVERS AND HARBORS, HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES By resolution dated February 10, 1931, a review of reports on Little Miami River, Ohio, printed in House Executive Document No. 68, Fifty-second Congress, second session, was requested. Re- port thereon was transmitted to the committee on December 8, 1931, but has not yet been printed. The improvement of this locality, other than as authorized by the existing project, is not deemed advisable at the present time. IMPROVEMENT OF RIVERS AND HARBORS IN THE LOUISVILLE, KY., DISTRICT This district comprises that part of Kentucky included within the watersheds west of that of the Kentucky River and north of that of the Cumberland River, the basin of the Wabash River in Indiana and Illinois, the falls of the Ohio River at Louisville, Ky., and the exist- ing and proposed locks and dams in the Ohio River between 1.5 miles above Madison, Ind., and Mound City, Ill., a distance of 417.2 miles and includes Dams Nos. 41 (with the Louisville and Portland Canal) to 54. District engineer: Lieut. Col. W. A. Johnson, Corps of Engineers. Sector engineer: Lieut. Col. R. G. Powell, Corps of Engineers. Division engineer: Col. George R. Spalding, Corps of Engineers. IMPROVEMENTS Page Page 1. Locks and Dams Nos. 41 and 6. Green and Barren Rivers and 43-53, Ohio River ------- 1301 Bear Creek, Ky- -__-__ 1303. 2. Operating and care of Locks 7. Operating and care of locks and Dams Nos. 41 (includ- and dams on Green and ing Louisville and Port- Barren Rivers, Ky------- 1309 land Canal), and 43-53, 8. Operating and care of lock Ohio River --------------- 1301 and dam on Rough River, 3. h i o R i v e r, open-channel Ky1----------------------310 work 9. Tradewater River, Ky------ 1313. 1---------------------301 4. Wabash River, Ind. and Ill__ 1302 10. Examinations, surveys, and 5. Operating and care of lock contingencies (general)__ 1314: and dam at Grand Rapids, Wabash River-__------ 1302 1-3. For reports on these improvements see page 1227. 1302 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1932 4. WABASH RIVER, IND. AND ILL. Practically nothing remains of the improvements on this river except the lock and dam at Grand Rapids and a number of cuts through rock bars. The lock and dam were completed in 1897, and are in bad condition. No work has been done and there have been no costs and no expenditures under the existing project, which pro- vides for abandonment of the project for operating and care of the lock and dam at Grand Rapids and for removal of a section of the dam. No funds are available and no operations are contemplated pending completion of report on survey now being prepared under House Document No. 308, Sixty-ninth Congress, first session, and section 10 of the flood control act approved May 15, 1928. For further details see Annual Report for 1931, page 1396. Conmmnercial stctistics.--No commerce passed the lock and dam at Grand Rapids during the calendar year 1931. Thirty small craft passed through the Jock. Comparative statement Calendar year Tons Value Calendar year Tons Value 1927---------------------....................... None. ...........------------ 1930---------------------.... None. ...-----. 1928----------------------- 117 $170 1931 .....---------------------- None .. 1929-- ------------------ None. 1Floated logs. Cost and fenancial, summary Cost of new work to June 30, 1932_ . .-- __ $814, 712. 07 Cost of maintenance to June 30, 1932 ........ Total cost of permanent work to June 30, 1932 _____-- - 814, 712. 07 Net total expenditures- -------- ----- ---------- 814, 712. 07 Total amount appropriated to June 30, 1932 ----- __-- -__ 814, 712. 07 Fiscal year ending June 30 1928 1929 1930 1931 1932 Cost of new work-------------------------- $4, 000. 00 ------------- Cost of maintenance-------------------- ---------- -------- ----- ---------------- -------- Total expended------------.................---------.----. 4,000. 00 Allotted __------------------------ $15,000.00 $3,000.00 1,000.00 -$15, 000. 00- Amount (estimated) required to be appropriated for completion of existing project --------------------------------------- $15, 000 5. OPERATING AND CARE OF LOCK AND DAM AT GRAND RAPIDS, WABASH RIVER The improvement for which report is made under this caption forms part of the project for Wabash River, Ind. and Ill. See Annual Report for 1931, page 1396, where general information re- garding the improvement can be found. The completed lock and dam have been operated and maintained under the permanent indefi- nite appropriations since 1897. Operationsand reszults during fiscal year.-The work consisted of caring for the United States property pending action as to whether RIVERS AND HARBORS-LOUISVILLE, KY., DISTRICT 1303 a section of the dam will be removed to permit open river naviga- tion. The costs were $1,212.73, and the expenditures amounted to $1,225.23. Condition at end of fiscal year.-The lock and dam are in bad condition. The total costs are $108,315.32, and the expenditures from the indefinite appropriation are $108,275.32. Proposed operations.-The United States property will be cared for with funds allotted from the permanent indefinite appropriation provided by section 6 of the river and harbor act of March 3, 1909. Commercial statistics.-See preceding report on Wabash River, Ind. and Ill. Cost and financial summary Cost of maintenance to June 30, 1932 __--------------$108, 315. 32 Minus accounts payable June 30, 1932-------- ------- _____ -_ 40. 00 Net total expenditures_____---------- ---------------- 108, 275. 32 Unexpended balance June 30, 1932- ---------------------- 118. 83 Total amount appropriated to June 30, 1932_...__.------ 108, 394. 15 Fiscal year ending June 30 1928 1929 1930 1931 1932 Cost of new work_..... _______ __- Cost of maintenance---.---------------.-.._$1, 054. 52 $1,373.38 $1,160. 16 $1,225.38 - $1,212.73 Total expended..... -------------- _ _ . _- 1,054. 52 1,295. 73 1,145.49 1,300.20 1,225.23 Allotted_-----..................-....... ....... -_1,. . 300. 0 1, 500.00 1,000.00 , 100.00 Balance unexpended July 1, 1931__-_---.----..---------- $244.06 Amount allotted from permanent indefinite appropriation, sec. 6, river and harbor act, Mar. 3, 1909------------------------------- 1,100.00 Amount to be accounted for ------------ --------------- 1, 344. 06 Gross amount expended .------------------------------------- 1, 225. 23 Balance unexpended June 30, 1932 ---------------------- 118. 83 Outstanding liabilities June 30, 1932__ -------------------- -- 40.00 Balance available June 30, 1932---------------------------- 78. 83 Amount allotted for fiscal year 1933---1, ----------------------- 000.00 Balance available for fiscal year 1933--- ----.-------.. 1, 078.83 6. GREEN AND BARREN RIVERS, AND BEAR CREEK, KY. Location and description.-GreenRiver rises in Casey County, Ky., flows in a northwesterly direction, and empties into the Ohio River about 8 miles above Evansville, Ind. It is about 370 miles long, has a drainage area of 9,430 square miles, and a mean discharge of about 11,800 cubic feet per second, and a maximum discharge of about 170,- 000 cubic feet per second. Its average slope for 244 miles from its mouth is 0.6 foot per mile. The head of navigation of Green River is at Mammoth Cave, Ky., 198 miles from the mouth of the river. Barren River rises in Barren County, Ky., flows in a northwesterly direction, and empties into Green River, one-half mile above Lock No. 4, Green River. Its length is about 130 miles, with a drainage area of about 2,132 square miles. It has a mean discharge of about 1304 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1932 -3,000 cubic feet per second and a maximum discharge of about 50,000 cubic feet per second. Its average slope for 37 miles from its mouth is 0.7 foot per mile. The head of navigation of Barren River is at Bowling Green, Ky., 30 miles above the: mouth of the river and 1791/2 miles above the mouth of Green River. Except for a stretch of about 8 miles between Locks Nos. 3 and 4, Green River is shown from its mouth to Mammoth Cave on the following maps of the United States Geological Survey: Kentucky-Indiana quadrangle, Newburg; Kentucky quadrangles, Calhoun, Sutherland, Central City, .Dunmor, Little Muddy, Brownsville, Mammoth Cave. Barren River from the mouth to above head of navigation on Kentucky quadrangles: Little Muddy, Brownsville, Bowling Green. Bear Creek is a tributary of Green River lying wholly within the 'State of Kentucky. It rises in Grayson County near Leitchfield, flows southerly, and empties into Green River one-half mile above Lock No. 5. Its length is about 40 miles; width, 45 to 90 feet; con- trolling depth, 4 feet; and it has a drainage area of about 200 square -miles. Bear Creek is shown on the following maps of the United States Geological Survey: Big Clifty, Leitchfield, and Brownsville quadrangles. Original condition.-Little is known of the original condition of these rivers. The original system of slack-water navigation, with head of navigation at Bowling Green, Ky., was undertaken by the State of Kentucky in 1835 and completed in 1841. It included four locks in Green River and one lock in Barren River, giving continu- ous navigation for a draft of 4 feet from the Ohio River to Bowling Green, except at time of low water below Lock No. 1, Green River. When the United States assumed possession of these improvements in 1888, navigation of the system was broken at Lock No. 3, Green River, the river wall at that lock having fallen into the river; the lower end of the land wall at Lock No. 1, Barren River, was badly cracked and liable to fall at any time; and both walls at Lock No. 2, Green River, were in a dangerous condition. The channels. of the pools were much obstructed by snags and landslides. Bear Creek was originally obstructed by sharp bends, sunken logs, and overhanging trees. No Federal improvement has been under- taken, but Dam No. 5, Green River, provides a channel 5 feet deep in the lower 11 miles of the creek. Previous~ projects.-None. Existing project.-The purchase by the United States, in 1888, of the then existing improvements made by the State of Kentucky on Green and Barren Rivers, committed the Government, under sec- tion 4 of the river and harbor act of July 5, 1884, to the operation and maintenance of the system, including operation of the locks, re- moval of snags, landslides, etc., from the channels of the streams, restoration of unserviceable structures, and construction of new ones where needed. This project was subsequently modified by extend- ing slack-water navigation from the 'upper limits of Pool No. 4 to Mammoth Cave, Ky. (Green River above the mouth of Big Barren River), by the construction of two additional Locks and Dams Nos. .5 and 6. The river and harbor act of July 3, 1930, further modified the project to provide for locks 56 feet wide and 360 feet long in Dam No. 5, Green River, and in Dam No. 1, Barren River, and for cap- RIVERS AND HARBORS-LOUISVILLE, KY., DISTRICT 1305 ping Dam No. 5 with concrete and raising its crest 2 feet with a movable A-frame top (R. & H. Com. Doc. No. 2, 71st Cong., 1st sess.), and to include the improvement of Bear Creek, Ky., by widening the bends (H. Doc. No. 685, 69th Cong., 2d sess.). Fluctuations in stage due to floods vary considerably at the differ- ent locks. At Lock No. 3, Green River, ordinary fluctuations from this cause vary, from 12 to 15 feet above pool level, with maximum stage of about 28 feet above pool stage reached in 1913. At Lock No. 1, Barren River, fluctuations due to floods vary from 7 to 10 feet above pool level. During the flood of 1913 the stage reached about 31 feet above pool stage. The location, cost, and principal feature of the locks and dams included in the system are shown in the following table: Location Greatest Depth Depth length Width of length Lift at Lift at on lower on upper miter miter Lock and dam Distance lock o lock normal sill at sill at from chamber available pool normal normal Nearest town mouth for full level of river width pool pool ofriver level level GREEN RIVER Miles Feet Feet Feet Feet Feet No. 1 ----------- Spottsville-.........---------. 9. 2 35. 5 139 I 11. 5 9. 7 7. 1 No. 2------------......... Rumsey......-------------... 63.1 36 141 14 5. 9 7. 8 No. 3....---------- Rochester-----------........... 108. 4 35. 8 137. 5 16. 9 6. 7 7. 3 No. 4........--- -.. Woodbury---------- .......... 149. 0 35. 8 138 15. 9 6. 6 6. 6 No. 5 ..--....--..------- Glenmc-e-.......... 167. 9 36 145 13. 9 4. 6 7. 7 No. 6------------.............. Brownsville--------........ 181. 8 36 145 11 7 8 BARREN RIVER No. 1 2______________.............. Greencastle--.......- 1 36 140 15.8 4.2 7.4 CharacterofYearcom Cost of Lock and dam Characterionf foundation Kind of dam Type of construction Yeartedm- lock and plated dam4 GREEN RIVER No. 1............... Shale and coal-_._ Fixed.-W____ Wood crib, concrete cap-__ 1835-1840 $179,110 No. 2 __ Shale....----------------do- ...--- Wood crib ----- 1895 160. 079 No. 3-...----------- Rock..............--------------..do--......----do ----------------.......... 1833-1836 121,377 No.4 --------------- do--------------d .. o -.. ..-----do--.---------------- .---- 1839 125, 718 No. 5..------ - Gravel--- ---------- do- -------- do---------------- 1899 180,000 No. 6---------------......do--- _----------_ do- .. Wood crib, concrete cap-_- 1905 180,000 BARREN RIVER No. 1---............... Gravel-......... _ Fixed-....... Wood, crib, concrete cap_. 1841 135, 734 1 At normal pool Dam 48, Ohio River. 2 New locks authorized by 1930 river and harbor act, 56 feet wide and 360 feet long. 8From mouth of Green River. 4Does not include modification by 1930 river and harbor act estimated to cost $2,116,112. The original improvements were purchased at a cost of $135,000, the cost of operating the system and restoring or replacing the origi- nal structures, except Lock No. 2, Green River, being provided for by annual estimates and allotments for the purpose. The rebuilding of Lock No. 2 and the extension of the system by the construction of Locks and Dams Nos. 5 and 6, Green River, were provided for by specific appropriations. The original estimate for the reconstruction of Lock No. 2 was $130,000 (Report for 1891, p. 2439), subsequently 1306 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1932 increased to $170,000. The original estimate for the extension of the system by the construction of Locks Nos. 5 and 6, Green River, was $361,346.40 (Report for 1891, p. 2481), subsequently increased to $365,673.20, the latter sum including an authorization of not exceed- ing $5,000 for snagging and clearing the banks of that part of Nolin River affected by slack water from Dam No. 6, Green River. The estimated cost of new locks at Dam No. 5, Green River, and Dam No. 1, Barren River, was $2,116,112, and of the work in Bear Creek $23,000, of which $10,000 is to be contributed by local interests. The total estimated cost of new work, revised in 1930, is $2,819,540. The maintenance of these works except the work in Bear Creek is provided for by annual allotments from the appropriation for oper- ating and care of canals, etc. The estimated cost of maintenance of the channel in Bear Creek is $500 per annum. The existing project was authorized by the following acts: The river and harbor act of August 11, 1888, provided for the purchase of the original improvements (House Ex. Doc. No. 111, 49th Cong., 2d sess.); the deficiency act of March 3, 1893, provided for building Lock No. 2, Green River (Annual Report for 1891, p. 2439); the river and harbor act of July 13, 1892, provided for the construction of Lock No. 5, Green River, and the river and harbor act of June 13, 1902, for the construction of Lock No. 6, Green River (Annual Re- port for 1891, pp. 2478 and 2481). The river and harbor act of March 3, 1905, contained an appropriation for $5,000 for continuing the improvement of Green River above the mouth of Big Barren River, with the following proviso: That the Secretary of War may, in his discretion, expend such portion of said amount as may be necessary for removal of snags in Nolin River. The river and harbor act of July 3, 1930, authorized the construc- tion of new locks at Dam No. 5, Green River, and Dam No. 1, Barren River, the modification of Dam No. 5, Green River, and the widening of bends in Bear Creek, Ky. (R. and H. Com. Doc. No. 2, 71st Cong., 1st sess., and H. Doc. No. 685, 69th Cong., 2d sess.) Recommended modifications of project.-None. Local cooperation.-The river and harbor act of July 3, 1930, contains the following proviso with respect to the construction of the new locks at Dams No. 5, Green River, and No. 1, Barren River: Provided, That under the provisions of the Federal water power act, and before work is started on this project, a high dam with locks may be sub- stituted near or below the site of Dam No. 4, and built by private interests, municipalities, or the State: Provided further, That in the event a high dam is constructed, the United States shall contribute to the cost of the substituted structure an amount equal to the estimated cost of the works of navigation for which substitution is made. The only company interested in power development has stated that it is unwilling to undertake construction of a power dam under the conditions imposed. The river and harbor act of July 3, 1930, also provides that in con- nection with the improvement of Bear Creek, Ky., local interests are to contribute $10,000 to the first cost of the dredging, provide neces- sary rights of way at the bends, furnish without cost to the United States satisfactory areas for the disposal of excavated material, and assume all flowage damages along Bear Creek. These conditions have not been met. RIVERS AND HARBORS-LOUISVILLE, KY., DISTRICT 1307 Terminal facilities.-In addition to a public paved landing at Bowling Green, Ky., there is at this city a private wharf and ware- house and also a railroad incline and derrick which may be used by the public upon payment of fixed charges for transfer of freight from rail to water or vice versa. In addition to the terminal facilities at Bowling Green there are located at various points in the pools of Green and Barren Rivers about 50 unimproved landings with small warehouses. These warehouses are generally controlled by the Evansville & Bowling Green Packet Co. There are also several small privately owned coal tipples. There is one privately owned terminal on Bear Creek capable of handling 100,000 tons of rock asphalt annually. It is believed that these terminal facilities are generally as exten- sive as the present traffic will warrant. (For further details see H. Doc. No. 652, 66th Cong., 2d sess.) Operations and results during fiscal year.--The design and final plans for the construction of a new lock at Lock and Dam No. 1, Barren River, 360 feet long and 56 feet wide, with a minimum depth of 9 feet over the sills, were practically completed. In connection with this work a total of 1,594.3 linear feet of borings were made, consisting of 1,441.5 linear feet in surface materials and 152.8 linear feet in rock. A site survey for Lock and Dam No. 5, Green River, was completed, and 1,341.6 linear feet of borings made, the latter including 1,139.1 linear feet in surface materials and 202.5 linear feet in rock. The cost was $8,711.11, and expenditures were $8,854.78, all for new work. Condition at end of fiscal year.-The system as a whole is in only fair condition. Lock No. 5, Green River, and Lock No. 1, Barren River, are in poor condition and should be reconstructed at the earliest possible date. Dams Nos. 2, 3, 4, and 5, Green River, are in poor condition and should be reconstructed in the near future. It comprises seven locks, with fixed dams, and affords through navi- gation throughout the year for boats of 5-foot draft or less and not exceeding 138 feet in length and 35 feet in width, from Lock No. 1, Green River, to Mammoth Cave, a distance of 1871/2 miles, or from Lock No. 1, Green River, to Bowling Green, Ky., on Barren River, a distance of 171 miles. Through navigation to the Ohio River is afforded at all seasons as a result of the pool created by Lock and Dam No. 48, Ohio River, which provides a low-water depth of 9.3 feet on the lower miter sill of Lock No. 1, Green River. Bear Creek is obstructed by snags and sharp bends. The work remaining to be done to complete the project is that authorized by the river and har- bor act approved July 3, 1930. The total costs and expenditures under the existing project up to the end of the fiscal year were as follows : New work --------- ---------------------------------- $690, 772. 90 Maintenance (removal of snags and deposits from Nolin River and Bear Creek, Ky.) ----------------------------------------- 1, 060. 27 Total---------------------------- --------------- 691, 833. 17 Proposed operations.-The balance unexpended at the end of the year will be applied to preparation of plans and specifications for new Lock No. 1, Barren River. 1308 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1932 The relative desirability of the improvement in the interests of commerce and navigation entails the postponement of new work on the project at this time. Commercial statistics.-The total commerce for the year 1931 was approximately 52 per cent less than that of 1930, the loss being due to the shutting down of the rock asphalt quarries on the upper Green River for a period of eight months, and to the burning of the only packet boat in July. There was no packet-freight accommodation the remainder of the year. Of the commerce, 54 per cent consisted of rock asphalt; 36 per cent coal; 4 per cent logs, lumber, and ties; 2 per cent sand and gravel; and 4 per cent miscellaneous and packet cargo. This commerce, except 7,574 tons rafted logs, was moved by tow- boats, barges, and packet boats, drawing for the most part not over 5 feet, and is a direct result of existing improvements. There is no traffic on the unimproved section of the river. Comparative statement Vessel traffic Rafted Total Calendar year Passen- gers Tons Value Tons Value Tons Value 1927-.- ----.... - ----- 504,412 $8,005,060 17, 727 $177, 270 522,139 $8,182,330 11, 732 1928-------_ --------- -574, 252 9, 482, 218 15, 887 158, 870 590, 139 9, 641,088 8, 372 1929_------------ ---- 540, 323 8, 509, 294 14, 175 141, 750 554, 498 8, 651, 044 8, 625 1930--------_ ---- ------ 444, 133 8, 967, 898 11, 010 165, 150 455, 143 9, 133, 048 6, 267 1931-. ------------------ 210, 933 2, 846, 393 7, 574 113, 610 218, 507 2,960, 003 2, 510 Cost and financial summary Cost of new work to June 30, 1932----------------------------- $690, 772.90 Cost of maintenance to June 30, 1932-------------------------- 1,060.27 Total cost of permanent work to June 30, 1932------------691, 833. 17 Net total expenditures .. 833. 17 6--------------------------69 Unexpended balance June 30, 1932------------------------------- 94.99 Total amount appropriated to June 30, 1932-__ ------- - 691, 928.16 Fiscal year ending June 30 1928 1929 1930 1931 1932 Cost of new work------- -------------------- ------------ $11, 633. 63 $8, 711. 11 Cost of maintenance----------------------------- $500. 00 Total expended...------------------------------ 500. 00 ----- 11, 489. 96 8, 854.78 Allotted ... ------------ ..----------------------- 500. 00 ---------- 20, 000. 00 Balance unexpended July 1, 1931-------------------------------- $8, 949. 77 Gross amount expended_------_,__ __________ _ $12, 035. 50 Less reimbursements collected --------------- 3, 180. 72 8, 854. 78 Balance unexpended June 30, 1932 --- __- ________ -_ 94. 99 Amount (estimated) required to be appropriated for completion of existing project 2--------------------- - 2, 118, 600. 00 1 Exclusive of available funds. 2 Exclusive of $10,000 to be contributed by local interests. RIVERS AND HARBORS LOUISVILLE, KY., DISTRICT 1309 7. OPERATING AND CARE OF LOCKS AND DAMS ON GREEN AND, BARREN RIVERS, KY. The improvement for which report is made under this caption forms part of the project for Green and Barren Rivers, and Bear Creek, Ky. See page 1303 where general information regarding they improvement can be found. The completed locks and dams have been operated and maintained under the permanent indefinite appropria- tion since their purchase by the United States in 1888. Operations and results during fiscal year.-The work consisted of the operation of the seven locks and dams and the snagging and dredging plant, and the maintenance of the system in serviceable condition. The major expenditures were for the removal of obstruc- tions from the channel and lock approaches. A summary of this. work follows: Removed from the river channel: Stumps, trees, snags, logs, etc_ _________------________----3, 261 Overhanging trees felled and removed .------- 3, 386 Large slides----- -------------------------------- 2 Large boulders-- -------------------------------------------- 2 Wrecks----------------------------------------------- Material dredged (mud, sand, and gravel) _---- __cubic yards_ 6, 895 Rock _ -------------------------------------------- tons 9, 230 Deposit removed from lock chambers and entrances to locks (mud, etc.) --------------------------------- --------cubic yards_ 51, 20O The seven locks were in operation except when submerged by high water, as follows: Days Days- Lock No. 1, Green River-........ 59 Lock No. 5, Green River--------- 30y Lock No. 2, Green River--------- 57 Lock No. 6, Green River .---------18 Lock No. 3, Green River-- 48 Lock No. 1, Barren River--------- 5 Lock No. 4, Green River ------ 35 The costs were $116,569.47 and the expenditures amounted to $97,062.45. Condition at end of fiscal year.-The system as a whole is in fair condition. For details see report on improvement. The total expendi- tures from the permanent indefinite appropriation were $3,604,539.62. Proposed operations.-The locks and dams will be operated and maintained under allotments from the permanent indefinite appro- priation provided by section 6 of the river and harbor act of March 3, 1909. Commercial statistics.-See preceding report on Green and Barren Rivers and Bear Creek. Cost and financial summary Cost of maintenance to June 30, 1932_____---------------- $3, 542, 094. 44 Value of plant, materials, etc., on hand June 30, 1932 ____--------74, 083. 61 Net total cost to June 30, 1932__------------------- 3, 616, 178. 0O Plus accounts receivable June 30, 1932__ ------------------ 57. 44 Gross total costs to June 30, 1932-------------------- 3, 616, 235. 49 Minus accounts payable June 30, 1932___---------------- 11, 695. 87 Net total expenditures__-------------------- ---- 3, 604, 539. 62 Unexpended balance June 30, 1932_ --------------------- 36, 432. 09 Total amount appropriated to June 30, 1932 ------- 3, 640, 971. 71 1310 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1932 Fiscal year ending June 30 1928 1929 1930 1931 1932 Cost of new work.----------------------- Cost of maintenance.................-----------------..... $101, 627. 79 $98, 303. 35 $118, 100. 05 $107, 498. 68 $116, 569 47 Total expended-----.----------------- 95, 438. 46 104, 354.47 107,132. 06 108, 536. 11 97, 062. 45 Allotted-.......................------------------ -------- 110, 000.00 105, 000. 00 105, 000. 00 110, 000.00 109, 074. 93 Balance unexpended July 1, 1931-----___ ___- -___-__ $24, 419.61 Anount allotted from permanent indefinite appropriation, sec. 6, river and harbor act, Mar. 3, 1909------------------------- 109, 074.93 Amount to be accounted for -- __ __------------- 133, 494. 54 Gross amount expended ------------------- $119,056.65 Less: Reimbursements collected--------- $21, 956. 45 Receipts from sales------------------ 37. 75 21, 994. 20 97, 062. 45 Balance unexpended June 30, 1932 - ----------- _.... 36, 432.09 Outstanding liabilities June 30, 1932- -_______-- -11, 823. 87 Amount covered by uncompleted contracts-- ---------- 928. 96 12, 752. 83 Balance available June 30, 1932 --- ___--------23, 679. 26 Accounts receivable June 30, 1932------------------------------- 57. 44 Unobligated balance available June 30, 1932 ---- _______ 23, 736. 70 Amount allotted for fiscal year 1933-------------------------- 70, 000.00 Balance available for fiscal year 1933-------- -0____ -- 93, 736. 70 8. OPERATING AND CARE OF LOCK AND DAM ON ROUGH RIVER, KY. Location and description.-This stream is one of the principal tributaries of Green River and lies wholly within the State of Ken- tucky. It rises in Hardin County, flows westerly in a tortuous chan- nel, and empties into Green River at Livermore, 71 miles from the mouth of that river. Its length is about 136 miles, with a drainage area of about 1,025 square miles. It has a mean discharge of about 1,280 cubic feet per second and a maximum discharge of about 13,100 cubic feet per second. Over the lower 60 miles of its course it has an average slope of 0.7 foot per mile. The improved portion of the river extends from its mouth to Hartford, Ky., a distance of about 29.3 miles. (See U. S. Geological Survey Charts, Kentucky quad- rangles: Central City, Hartford, Whitesville.) Original condition.-Originallythis river was much obstructed by snags, sunken logs, stumps, bowlders, and bars in the bed of the stream and by overhanging trees on its banks. Backwater from Dam No. 2, Green River, affected 8 miles of the river above its mouth. A timber-crib lock and dam have been built on the river about 8 miles above its mouth, but at the time the United States took charge of the improvement, in 1890, the structures had been abandoned and were completely in ruins, and the river was practically unnavigable except at times of high water, when the head of navigation was at Hartford, Ky., 29.3 miles from the mouth of the river. Previous projects.-None. Emisting project.-This provides for clearing the river of obstruc- tions and for the construction of a lock and dam to carry slack water RIVERS AND HARBORS-LOUISVILLE, KY., DISTRICT 1311 to Hartford, Ky. The new work provided for having been com- pleted, the project now contemplates the maintenance of the lock and dam and keeping the river channel free from snags and other obstruc- tions to navigation. At the lock the ordinary fluctuations due to floods vary from 6 to 10 feet above pool level. During the flood of 1913 a stage of about 20 feet above pool stage was reached. The location and principal dimensions, etc., of the lock are as follows: Name: Lock No. 1, Rough River. Nearest town, Livermore, Ky miles__ -.-----.--------------- 8 Mouth of Rough River, in Green River, Ky__-----------do---- 8 Width of lock chamber----------------------------------feet__ 27 Greatest length available for full width---- ----------------- 25. 1 Lift at pool stage--------------------------do 9.4 Depth on lower miter sill at pool stage------------------- do--- 4. 9 Depth on upper miter sill at pool stage --------------------- do---- 6. 8 Character of foundation: Rock. Kind of dam: Fixed. Type of dam: Wooden, stone-filled crib, stepped. Cost of lock and dam: $72,186.35. The original estimate for building the proposed lock and dam and removing obstructions from the river amounted to $56,729.80 (Re- port for 1885, p. 1901). The project and estimate were subsequently modified (Reports for 1891, p. 2447, and 1896, p. 2280), changing the dimensions of the structures and substituting a concrete lock and abutment for the masonry lock and timber abutment originally proposed. The revised estimate under which the work was under- taken was as follows: Cost of lock and dam, etc., complete------------------------- $96, 556.05 Clearing banks and channel_....---- __-_- __-___-_____ 9, 000. 00 Total --------------------------------------------- 105, 556. 05 The maintenance of these works is provided for by annual allot- ments from the appropriation for operating and care of canals, etc. The existing project was adopted by the river and harbor act of September 19, 1890, in accordance with the report published in the Annual Report for 1885, page 1894. The latest published map of Rough River is printed in House Document No. 662, Seventy-first Congress, third session. Recommended modiflcations of project.--None. Local cooperation.-None. Terminal facilitie.--There are no terminal facilities of any sort other than a few unimproved private landings. It is believed the facilities are adequate for the existing commerce. Operations and results during fascal year.-The lock was in opera- tion 213 days and closed, due to high water, 53 days. The lock gates were cleaned and painted; minor repairs made to the dam; a new asphalt shingle roof placed on the lockmaster's house; and all struc- tures and grounds kept in serviceable condition. The cost was $1,564.78 and the expenditures were $1,521.81. Condition at end of fiscal year.-The lock and dam were completed in 1896 at a cost of $72,186.35, and the removal of the obstructions 140960--ENG 1932- 83 1312 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1932 contemplated in the project in 1899 at a cost of $9,000. The lock and dam afford slack-water navigation at pool stage to Hartford, Ky., 29.3 miles from the mouth of the river, for boats not exceeding 123 feet in length, 27 feet in width, and 4-foot draft. The lock was opened to navigation December 12, 1896, and has been in oper- ation since that date. The total costs of operating and care were $51,769.58. The total expenditures under the existing project up to the end of the fiscal year, not including outstanding liabilities or contract obligations, were as follows: For new work--------------------------- -------------- $105, 500. 00 For maintenance (from the permanent indefinite appropriation) 51, 659.46 - Total-------------------------------------------- 157, 159.46 Proposed o eration.-The lock and dam will be operated and maintained under allotments from the permanent indefinite appro- priation provided by section 6 of the river and harbor act of March 3, 1909. Commercial statistics.-The total commerce during the year 1931 was approximately 54 per cent less than the previous year, and con- sisted of 95.2 per cent floated logs and 4.8 per cent poles and piling. Comparative statement Vessel traffic Rafted Total Calendar year Passen- gers Tons Value Tons Value Tons Value 1927_-------------------- 1, 039 $30, 080 13, 078 $130, 780 14, 117 $160, 860 1928...........-------------------.... 897 27,580 10,875 108,750 11,772 136, 330 60 1929--------------------- 196 8,170 10,475 104, 750 10, 671 112,920 -.... .... 1930--------------------- 240 6,196 10, 039 150, 585 10, 279 156, 781 1931 --------------------- 224 3,360 4,510 67, 650 4, 734 71, 010 Cost and financial summary for maintenance and improvement funds Cost of new work to June 30, 1932__. $105, 500 Cost of maintenance to June 30, 1932____ _____ Total cost of permanent work to June 30, 1932___ ___._____ 105, 500 Net total expenditures-- -----------___-_________-- 105, 500 Total amount appropriated to June 30, 1932________________________ 105, 500 Cost and financial summary for operating and care funds Cost of maintenance to June 30, 1932 ________ ____--------_ $51, 769. 58 Minus accounts payable June 30, 1932___-_____-------- 110. 12 Net total expenditures.---- Unexpended balance June 30, 1932________----------------22. __ _- 659. 46 5------------ 51, 77 Total amount appropriated to June 30, 1932 _________--_ 52, 182.23 Fiscal year ending June 30 1928 1929 1930 1931 1932 Cost of new work--....----------------- - ------------------------------------------- Cost of maintenance------ ---------- $1, 607. 18 $1, 318.42 $1, 228. 09 $2, 720. 81 $1, 564. 78 Total expended . .. ..----------------1, 555.81 1, 192. 29 1, 318. 09 2, 778. 66 1, 521.81 ----------------...... Allotted--..._--_---.........----..- ------ 2, 500.00 1, 000. 00 1, 000. 00 1,600. 00 RIVERS AND HARBORS-LOUISVILLE, KY., DISTRICT 1313 Balance unexpended July 1, 1931___ ---- _---------- $444. 58 Amount allotted from permanent indefinite appropriation, sec. 6, river and harbor act, Mar. 3, 1909-------------------- ----------- 1, 600. 00 Amount to be accounted for_ _----------------------2,044. 58 Gross amount expended ------------------------------ 1, 521.81 Balance unexpended June 30, 1932 ------- _ 522. 77 Outstanding liabilities June 30, 1932_ __--------------------- 110. 12 Balance available June 30, 1932__-- ------------------ 412.65 Amount allotted for fiscal year 1933 --------------------------- 1,000.00 Balance available for fiscal year 1933_------------------- 1, 412.65 9. TRADEWATER RIVER, KY. Location and description.-This river is a tributary of the Ohio, River lying wholly within the State of Kentucky. It rises in Chris- tian County, flows in a northwesterly direction, and empties into the Ohio River, near Caseyville, Ky., at a point 104 miles from the mouth. and 77 miles below Evansville, Ind. Its length is 110 miles, average width 100 feet, and drainage area about 825 square miles. The river is small, tortuous, and of moderate slope. It has an average dis- charge of about 1,300 cubic feet per second and a minimum discharge of about 20 cubic feet per second. (See U. S. Geological Survey Charts, Kentucky quadrangles: Shawneetown, Morganfield, Provi- dence, Dawson Springs, Princeton, and Cave in Rock.) Original condition.--The river was originally obstructed by a natural dam 1,000 feet above the mouth, snags, drift, and fish traps, or weirs of stone built across it; also by overhanging trees on the banks. The river was navigable for rafts and flatboats descending, and small steamboats, during very high water. The head of naviga- tion was at Bellville, 41.15 miles above the mouth. Previous projects.-The river and harbor act of March 3, 1881, adopted a project for clearing the river and its banks of obstructions and opening a channel 40 feet wide and 21/2 feet deep during six months of the year, the improvement to extend 41 miles upstream from its mouth in the Ohio River. The total costs and expenditures were $16,068.48. (For further details see Annual Report for 1899, p. 445.) Existing project.-This provides for a channel 9 feet deep at pool stage from the mouth of the Tradewater River to the tipple of the Bell Coal & Navigation Co., a distance of 3 miles, at an estimated cost of $2,500, with $500 annually for maintenance. The existing project was adopted by the river and harbor act of July 3, 1930 (R. and H. Com. Doc. No. 5, 70th Cong., 1st sess.). An index map of the river is published in House Document No. 39, Sixty-third Congress, first session, and the latest published map is in House Document No. 479, Seventy-first Congress, second session. Recommended modification of project.-None. Local cooperation.-None. Terminal facilitie.-There are no publicly owned terminal facili- ties. The Bell Coal & Navigation Co. owns a tipple at a point 3 miles above the mouth. This is believed to be sufficient for present or prospective commerce. 1314 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1932 Operations and results during fiscal year.-None. There were no costs or expenditures. Condition at end of fiscal year.-The existing project was com- pleted in May, 1931. The project depth of 9 feet obtains through- out. The costs and expenditures on the existing project have been $2,500, all for new work. Proposed operations.-No funds are available. The sum of $500 can be profitably expended during the fiscal year ending June 30, 1934, to be applied to the removal of slides and snags with Government plant and hired labor during July, 1933. Commercial statistics.-The commerce during the calendar year 1931 consisted entirely of coal. This was handled in small barges and is a direct result of existing improvements. Comparative statement Calendar year Tons Value Calendar year Tons Value 1927_---------------------- 1,102 $2, 480 1930----------------------3, 877 $13, 569 1928--- ----------------- 2, 351 6, 177 1931---------------------- 1, 816 4, 540 1929---------- ----------........ 2, 056 5, 625 Cost and financial summary Cost of new work to June 30, 1932 -------------------------- $18, 568.48 Cost of maintenance to June 30, 1932------------ ---------- Total cost of permanent work to June 30, 1932 8, 568.48 1------------------ Net total expenditures------------------------------------18, 568.48 Total amount appropriated to June 30, 1932-------------------- 18, 568. 48 Fiscal year ending June 30 1928 1929 1930 1931 1932 ICost of new work.... .....-----------------------.....--- $2, 500. 00 ----------- Cost of maintenance------------------------------ ------------------------------------ Total expended........--------------------------------------------------- 2,500. 00 ----------- Allotted. ---------------------------------------------------------- 2,500. 00 (------------ Amount that can be profitably expended in fiscal year ending June 30, 1934, for maintenance--------- -------------------------------- $500 10. EXAMINATIONS, SURVEYS, AND CONTINGENCIES (GENERAL) Operations under this heading comprise the making of prelimi- nary examinations and surveys for navigation, called for by river and harbor acts and by resolutions of the committees of Congress (not including those investigations provided for in H. Doc. No. 308, 9th Cong., 1st sess., or by sec. 10 of the flood control act of May 15, 1928); collection of commercial statistics; miscellaneous surveys, in- spections, and estimates; permit and bridge inspection; harbor line studies; fish-net inspections; administration charges incurred in con- nection with inactive river and harbor projects; and minor routine navigation investigations. 1Reduced $1,500 account of three $500 allotments, act of July 25, 1912, properly chargeable to Ohio River. RIVERS AND HARBORS-LOUISVILLE, KY., DISTRICT 1315 The cost of work during the year amounted to $104,187.24; the expenditures were $100,368.94. The balance unexpended June 30, 1932, together with accounts receivable and allotment made during July, 1932, will be applied as needed during the fiscal year 1933 to payment of expenses incurred in connection with the above items. The additional sum of $22,000 can be profitably expended during the fiscal year ending June 30, 1934. Cost and financial swnnary Cost of maintenance to June 30, 1932------------------------ $124, 784. 54 Value of plant, materials, etc., on hand June 30, 1932_____--- ___ -54.00 Net total cost to June 30, 1932__--------------------- 124, 730. 54 Plus accounts receivable June 30, 1932-------------------- 260. 70 Gross total costs to June 30, 1932 ---------------------- 124, 991. 24 Minus accounts payable June 30, 1932-------------------------6, 203.41 Net total expenditures -------------------------- 118, 787. 83 Unexpended balance June 30, 1932___----- - --------- 1, 533.71 Total amount appropriated to June 30, 1932_..... ___--__ 120, 321. 54 Fiscal year ending June 30 1928 1929 1930 1931 1932 Cost of new work--------..------------.-----------------.----------------------- Cost of maintenance----------------------------- $1, 742.38 $4, 939.06 $13, 91586 $104, 187. 24 Total expended .........--------------------------------- 1,042.38 3, 822.26 13, 554. 25 100, 368.94 Allotted---- ------------------- 800. 00 6,000. 00 5, 000. 00 28, 000. 00 80, 521.54 Balance unexpended July 1, 1931 ______------ -------- $21,381. 11 Amount allotted from War Department appropriation act approved May 28, 1930------------------------- $10, 000. 00 Amount allotted from War Department appropriation act approved Feb. 23, 1931 70, 521. 54 80, 521. 54 Amount to be accounted for_ .. .___--------- - 101, 902.65 Gross amount expended_ -------------------------- 100, 629. 73 Less reimbursements collected--- -------- ____ ----- 260. 79 100, 368. 94 Balance unexpended June 30, 1932_ -__ _ - ____-- _ 1, 533. 71 Outstanding liabilities June 30, 1932------------------------ 6, 273. 41 Balance available June 30, 1932----------------------- -4, 739. 70 Accounts receivable June 30, 1932_.---...__.. ___________ 260. 70 Unobligated balance available June 30, 1932_ .. __ -4, -____ 479. 00 Amount allotted from War Department appropriation act approved July 14, 1932 ------------------------------------------- 28, 000. 00 Balance available for fiscal year 1933.-----------------_____ 23, 521.00 Amount that can be profitably expended in fiscal year ending June 30, 1934, for maintenance 1 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -- - - - - - - - - - - - 22, 000. 00 1 Exclusive of available funds. 1316 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1932 EXAMINATIONS AND SURVEYS REQUIRED BY THE RIVER AND HARBOR ACT APPROVED JULY 3, 1930 The local engineer was charged with the duty of making prelimi- nary examinations and surveys provided for by the river and harbor act approved July 3, 1930, as follows: 1. Nolin River, Ky.-Reports dated February 18, 1931, and De- cember 8, 1931, by the district engineer, and February 28, 1931, and January 28, 1932, by the division engineer, on preliminary examina- tion and survey, are receiving consideration by the Board of Engi- neers for Rivers and Harbors. 2. Waterway connecting Lakes Erie and Michigan with the Ohio River by waay of the Maumee River from Toledo, Ohio, to Fort Wayne, ind.; the Wabash River from the Ohio River to the vicinity of Fort Wayne; the St. Joseph River from at or near its source to Lake Michigan; waterways connecting the Mawrnee River with the Wabash River and St. Joseph River; and the St. Marys River, Ohio and Ind., with a view to the development of a water supply sufficient to operate the above-outlined waterway.-Reports dated October 1, 1931, and November 17, 1931, by the district and division engineers on preliminary examination, are now pending before the Board of Engineers for Rivers and Harbors and will probably be acted upon during the fiscal year 1933. REPORT MADE IN COMPLIANCE WITH RESOLUTION OF THE COMMITTEE ON RIVERS AND HARBORS, HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES By resolution dated January 20, 1931, a review of reports on the Ohio River at and in the vicinity of Shawneetown, Ill., transmitted to Congress December 4, 1928, under authority of the river and har- bor act of January 21, 1927, was requested. Report thereon was transmitted to the committee on January 15, 1932, but has not yet been printed. The improvement of this locality by the United States is not deemed advisable at the present time. Reports indicated below, called for by resolutions of the Committee on Rivers and Harbors, House of Representatives, will be submitted as soon as practicable. 1. Review of reports on Saline River, Ill., printed in House Docu- ment No. 11, Sixty-third Congress.-Reports dated June 30, 1931, and August 15, 1931, by the district and division engineers on the investigation were received. A survey is in progress. 2. Review of prior reports on the Ohio River in the vicinity of Mount Vernon, Ind.-Reports dated April 1, 1932, and April 27, 1932, by the district and division engineers are receiving considera- tion by the Board of Engineers for Rivers and Harbors. IMPROVEMENT OF RIVERS AND HARBORS IN THE DULUTH, MINN., DISTRICT This district comprises all harbors and tributary waterways on the United States side of Lake Superior and Lake of the Woods. District engineer: Maj. P. C. Bullard, Corps of Engineers, to May 21, 1932, and Maj. A. K. B. Lyman, Corps of Engineers, since that date. Division engineer: Col. E. M. Markham, Corps of Engineers. RIVERS AND HARBORS-DULUTH, MINN., DISTRICT 1317 IMPROVEMENTS Page Page 1. Harbor at Grand Marais, 9. Harbor of Refuge, Marquette Minn ------------------- 1317 Bay, Mich_ -------------- 1341 2. Harbor at Agate Bay, Minn__ 1319 10. Harbor at Marquette, Mich_ 1343 3. Harbor at Duluth, Minn., and 11. Harbor of Refuge at Grand Superior, Wis------------1321 Marais, Mich---------- 1346 4. Harbor at Port Wing, Wis___ 1328 12. Warroad Harbor and River, 5. Harbor at Ashland, Wis-.... 1330 Minn ---------------- 1348 6. Harbor at Ontonagon, Mich_- 1333 13. Baudette Harbor and River, 7. Keweenaw Waterway, Mich__ 1336 Minn ---------------- 1351 8. Eagle Harbor, Mich--------- 1340 14. Examinations, surveys, and contingencies (general)__ 1352 1. HARBOR AT GRAND MARAIS, MINN. Location and description.-The harbor is situated on the north shore of Lake Superior, 106 miles northeast from Duluth, Minn. It is a bay one-half mile long and one-fourth mile wide, with a natural opening of 1,035 feet, reduced by breakwaters to 480 feet, and with an area of 75 acres. (See U. S. Lake Survey Chart No. 9.) Originalcondition.-There was a maximum depth of 14 feet over a very limited area, the general depth being only 8 to 9 feet at mean low water. It afforded some protection from northeast storms, but very little from south and southeast storms. Previous projects.-None. Existing project.-This provides for rock-filled timber-crib break- water piers 350 feet in length from the east and west points of the bay to narrow the entrance, and for dredging an anchorage area of 26 acres to a depth of 16 feet, referred to low-water datum for Lake Superior, which is taken at 601.6 feet above mean tide level at New York. This depth corresponds to a depth of 14.9 feet on Lake Survey Chart No. 97 of this locality. The ordinary variation of water level extends from 0 to +1 foot above low-water datum. The estimate of cost for new work, revised in 1898, was $163,954.63. The latest (1928) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $6,000. The existing project was adopted by the river and harbor act of March 3, 1879 (H. Ex. Doec. No. 75, 43d Cong., 2d sess.). For latest published maps see House Document No. 939, Sixtieth Congress, first session, and Rivers and Harbors Committee Document No. 22, Sev- enty-second Congress, first session. Recommended modifications of project.-Under date of April 20, 1932, the Chief of Engineers recommended modification of the exist- ing project to provide for enlarging the inner basin by dredging an additional area of about 10.5 acres to a minimum depth of 16 feet, and for deepening portions of the enlarged basin near the en- trance to 20 and 18 feet, and for the construction of concrete walls across the ledge at the southeast corner of the harbor, at an esti- mated cost of $44,000, with $500 annually for maintenance in addi- tion to that now required, subject to certain conditions of local co- operation. (R. and H. Com. Doe. No. 22, 72d Cong., 1st sess.) Local cooperation.-None. Terminal facilities.-There is no rail connection with the harbor. The following wharves, privately owned, are in use: 1318 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1932 One merchandise wharf, 200 feet long, in poor condition. One merchandise wharf, 122 feet long. One oil-unloading wharf. The two merchandise wharves are open to the general public, a charge being made for freight handled over them. There are no publicly owned wharves. These facilities are considered adequate for existing commerce. (For further details see H. Doc. No. 652, 66th Cong., 2d sess.) Operations and results during fiscal year.-Minor repairs were made to the west breakwater. The total costs were $4,000 for main- tenance repairs to breakwaters. The total expenditures during the fiscal year were $4,000. Condition at end of fiscal .year.-The existing project was com- pleted in 1901 at a saving of $3,018 under the estimated cost. The dredging was completed in 1897. There is a controlling depth of 15 feet at low-water datum in the harbor area under improve- ment, as shown by a survey in September, 1930. Under permit, private parties have dredged 420,795 cubic yards since 1922 without cost to the United States. No dredging was done during the fiscal year. The concrete superstructure of the westerly 275 feet of the east breakwater is in excellent condition. The remaining 75 feet of this breakwater has a timber-stone superstructure in fair condition. The timber superstructure of the west breakwater is rapidly de- teriorating, and extensive repairs are now necessary. The total cost of the existing project was $160,936.68 for new work and $49,480.08 for maintenance, a total of $210,416.76. The total expenditures were $210,416.76. 'Proposed operations.-No funds were available June 30, 1932. An allotment of $33,000, made during July, 1932, will be applied to maintenance as follows: West breakwater, 350 feet--recap by contract, during July to Octo- ber, 1932-------------------- --------- ------------------ $23, 800 East breakwater, 75 feet--recap by contract, during July to October, 1932 ----------------------------------------------------- 6, 000 Breakwaters--riprap at toes of crib by hired labor during August, 1932- 3, 200 Total--------- ------------------------------------- 33, 000 The funds will be exhausted by June 30, 1933. The additional sum of $16,000 can be profitably expended during the fiscal year 1934 for maintenance dredging with U. S. dipper dredge Gaillard during the summer of 1933. Commercial statistics.-Receipts consisted of lumber, cement, coal, oils, sand, gravel, stone, and miscellaneous freight; shipments con- sisted of fish. Comparative statement Calendar Tons Value Passengers Calendar Tons Value Passengers year year 1927----------.......... 71, 354 $416, 829 260 1930.......... 2,599 $75. 130 (1) 1928.......... 74, 768 275, 284 (1) 1931----------.......... 7,683 130,317 (1) 1929----------......... 43, 106 257, 490 (1) 1Unknown. RIVERS AND HARBORS--DULUTH, MINN., DISTRICT 1319 No new lines of transportation were established during the year. All classes of vessels doing business in this harbor make use of Government improvements. Greatest draft of vessels entered or departed, 14 feet. Freight tonnage showed an increase of 5,084 tons over 1930. This increase was due to the fact that there was no sand nor gravel re- ceived during 1930, these items constituting 65 per cent of the freight tonnage for 1931. There were no foreign imports nor exports. Cost andt finanokil summary Cost of new work to June 30, 1932 68 $----------------- Cost of maintenance to June 30, 1932----------------------- 49, 480. 08 Total cost of permanent work to June 30, 1932_-.... ____-_ 210, 416. 76 Net total expenditures---------------------------------- 210, 416. 76 Total amount appropriated to June 30, 1932---_____-_____ _ 210, 416. 76 Fiscal year ending June 30 1928 1929 1930 1931 1932 Cost of new work------------------ ------------------------------------------------ Cost of maintenance-.------- ---------- $1, 157. 55 $745. 84 $63. 65 $1,231.63 $4,000. 00 Total expended-.------. -------------- -9, 638. 85 745. 84 53. 65 1, 231. 63 4, 000. 00 Allotted-.........-- ............----------------------- 13,164. 87 1, 500. 00 3, 500.00 -3, 78. 37 4, 000. 00 Amount allotted from War Department appropriation act approved Feb. 23, 1931 -------------- -------------- _$4, 000 Gross amount expended------------------------------------ 4, 000 Amount allotted from War Department appropriation act approved July 14, 1932 ------------------ 33,000 Balance available for fiscal year 1933--------------------- _-- 33,000 Amount that can be profitably expended in fiscal year ending June 30, -- -- -- -- -- -- - - -- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 1934, for maintenance __ _ __ 16, 000 2. HARBOR AT AGATE BAY, MINN. Location and description.-The harbor is situated on the north shore of Lake Superior, 27 miles northeast from Duluth, Minn. It is a natural bay three-fourths of a mile long by one-half mile wide, protected by breakwaters. (See U. S. Lake Survey Chart No. 9.) Original condition.-There was ample depth for navigation, with 18 feet at mean low water, over the greater portion of its entire area of 109 acres. It was exposed to storms from the southwest and to reverse swells from severe northeast storms. Previous projecta.-None. Existing project.-This provides for narrowing the natural en- trance by the construction of rock-filled, timber-crib breakwaters, 1,050 and 900 feet long, from the eastern and western points of the bay, respectively, and for dredging a small area to a depth of 18 feet, referred to low-water datum for Lake Superior, which is taken at 601.6 feet above mean tide level at New York. This depth corre- sponds to a depth of 16.9 feet on the Lake Survey Chart No. 96 of this locality. The ordinary variation of water level extends from 1 Exclusive of available funds. 1320 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1932 0 to + 1 foot above low-water datum. The estimate of cost for new work, made in 1887, was $244,208. The latest (1928) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $10,000. The existing project was adopted by the river and harbor act of August 5, 1886 (H. Ex. Doc. No. 94, 48th Cong., 2d sess.); the con- struction of two breakwater piers was approved by the Secretary of War January 4, 1887. (Annual Report for 1887, p. 1952.) For latest published map see River and Harbor Committee Document No. 17, Seventy-second Congress, first session. Recommended modifications of project.-Under date of May 5, 1932, the Chief of Engineers recommends the further improvement of Agate Bay Harbor (Two Harbors) ,Minn., to provide for dredging to a depth of 26 feet, a maneuvering area on the north side of the harbor, and for connecting the east breakwater with the shore, at an estimated cost of $90,400, with maintenance at the rate of $4,000 annually in addition to that now required, subject to the condition that no expense shall be incurred by the United States for the acquir- ing of any lands required for the purpose of this improvement. (R. and H. Com. Doc. No. 17, 72d Cong., 1st sess.) Local cooperation.-None. Ternminal facilities.-The following wharves, privately owned, are in use: Three ore docks, with total length of 3,696 feet and storage capacity of 168,800 gross tons, thoroughly modern. One coal dock and storage ground 275 by 850 feet, capacity 150,000 tons, thoroughly modern. One pulpwood wharf 450 feet long. One merchandise wharf 414 feet long. One tug wharf 133 feet long. There are no publicly owned wharves. The merchandise wharf is open to general public use free for passengers, but a charge of 25 cents per ton is made for merchandise handled over the wharf. The facilities are considered adequate for the existing commerce. (For further details see H. Doc. No. 652, 66th Cong., 2d sess.) Operations and results during fiscal year.-No work was done or funds expended. Condition at end of fiscal year.-The existing project was com- pleted in 1901 at a saving of $10,150 under the estimated cost. The concrete superstructure of the east breakwater is in excellent condi- tion. The timber superstructure of the west breakwater shows signs of deterioration but is in fair condition. The rubble-mound founda- tions for both breakwaters have settled, leaving the timber cribs exposed or undermined. There was a controlling depth of 22 feet of water up to the ore docks as shown by a survey in October, 1930. The depth at the entrance is over 50 feet. The total cost of the existing project was $234,057.53 for new work and $106,043.48 for maintenance, a total of $340,101.01. The total expenditures were $340,101.01. Proposed operations.-No funds were available June 30, 1932. Maintenance breakwater repairs will be made consisting of placing badly needed additional riprap stone on the rubble foundations and around the base of the timber crib substructures. This work will be done by contract during August to November, 1932, with allotment of $80,000 expected to be made available after the bids have been RIVERS AND HARBORS--DULUTH, MINN., DISTRICT 1321 received. The funds will be exhausted upon the completion of the work under the contract. The additional sum of $85,000 can be profitably expended during the fiscal year 1934 for making maintenance repairs to the west breakwater. This repair should consist of rebuilding the super- structure of the west breakwater, 900 feet in length. The work will be accomplished by contract during the summer of 1933. Commercial statistics.-Receipts consisted of coal; shipments con- sisted of pulpwood and iron ore. Comparative statement Calendar Tons Value Passengers Tons Value Passengers year year 1927---------....... 6, 604, 185 $20, 751,057 131 1930-------.......... 7,203, 145 $23, 055,406 (1) 1928.......---------. 6,605, 491 20,994, 647 (1) 1931---------.......... 3, 808, 474 12, 822, 507 (1) 1929---------.......... 7, 600, 560 25, 622, 070 (1) 1Unknown. No new lines of transportation were established during the year. All classes of vessels can make use of this harbor without the aid which the Government improvements afford except in stormy weather, but no class can use the harbor in stormy weather without such aid. Iron ore and coal constituted 99.5 per cent of the total commerce of the harbor and was carried in vessels drawing 18 to 20 feet of water. Decrease in freight tonnage under 1930 was 3,394,671 tons, or 47 per cent. Valuation showed a decrease of $10,232,899, or 44 per cent. Cost and finanoial summary Cost of new work to June 30, 1932----------------------- $234,057.53 Cost of maintenance to June 30, 1932------------------------ 106, 043. 48 Total cost of permanent work to June 30, 1932-------------340, 101.01 Net total expenditures---- ------- --------------------- 340, 101.01 Total amount appropriated to June 30, 1932------------------ 340, 101.01 Fiscal year ending June 30 1928 1929 1930 1931 1932 Cost of new work------ ------------ Cost of maintenance----.................... ---------------------------- $2, 763.44 $637.48 $912.52 ------------- $1, 038.95 ------------ Total expended.. ..---------------------- -2, 427.03 637.48 912.52 1,038. 95 ------------ Allotted................................... -8, 395.94 -........- 3,750. 00 -1,961. 05 -------- Amount that can be profitably expended in fiscal year ending June 30, 1934, for maintenance----------- ------------------ $85, 000 3. HARBOR AT DULUTH, MINN., AND SUPERIOR, WIS. Location and description.-This harbor is at the extreme western end of Lake Superior, a distance of 395 miles from its outlet at Sault Ste. Marie, Mich. The cities of Duluth, Minn., and Superior, Wis., are situated on the north and south sides, respectively. Superior Bay and its tributaries, St. Louis Bay and St. Louis River, together with Allouez Bay and the mouth of Nemadji River form Duluth- 1322 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1932 Superior Harbor. It has 49 miles of harbor frontage and 17 miles of .dredged channels, all of which lie behind Minnesota Point, a natural :breakwater 8 miles long. (See U. S. Lake Survey Chart No. 966.) Original condition.-The natural and only entrance was Superior entry, which was obstructed by shifting bars, with but 9 feet of water. The bays averaged 8 or 9 feet in depth with a natural channel through them 100 to 500 feet wide, having a limiting depth of 14 feet. Nine feet was the greatest draft that could reach the Superior docks, one-half mile distant from the natural channel. The head of naviga- tion for small craft, rafts, and logging was at Fond du Lac, on the St. Louis River, about 25 miles from Superior entry. Previous projects.-Superior and Duluth were separate improve. ments until consolidated by the river and harbor act of June 3, 1896. The original project for the harbor at Superior City was adopted by river and harbor act of March 2, 1867; for Duluth Harbor by river and harbor act of March 3, 1871. These projects were modified by r iver and harbor acts of March 3, 1873, March 3, 1881, July 5, 1884, August 5, 1886, August 11, 1888, and July 13, 1892. The total cost .and expenditures up to the end of the fiscal year on all projects .adopted prior to the existing project, which began in 1896, were $1,547,195, which can not be divided as to new work and maintenance. For further details see page 1929 of Annual Report for 1915. Emisting project.-This provides for rebuilding the canal piers at Duluth entry with stone-filled timber-crib substructure and concrete superstructure, 1,734 feet long and 300 feet apart for 1,250 feet, then flaring to 540 feet apart at the harbor end; for replacing the north and south piers at Superior entry with concrete piers, 2,096 and 1,584 feet long, respectively, 500 feet apart for 808 feet, then flaring at the harbor end; for constructing 4,205 feet of rubble mound breakwaters, 900 feet of concrete pierheads on stone-filled cribs, and 896 feet of concrete shore revetments at Superior entry, the lake ends being 600 feet apart on the 30-foot contour in prolongation of the entrance channel and diverging to 2,100 feet apart at the shore line, for dredg- ing a lake approach to Duluth entry 300 feet wide to a depth of 30 feet and a channel 300 feet wide between the piers to a depth of 24 feet; for dredging a channel 500 feet wide between the piers at Superior entry to a depth of 24 feet, a central channel 600 feet wide between the breakwaters and pierheads to a depth of 30 feet, and a stilling basin of 35 acres inside the breakwaters to a depth of 24 feet; for dredging a harbor basin of 380 acres to a depth of 22 feet inside Duluth entry and a harbor basin of about 296 acres to a depth of 20 feet inside Superior entry; and for dredging channels, including a channel in Howards Bay, varying from 100 to 600 feet in width throughout the harbor and aggregating 18 miles in length to a depth of 20 feet. The project depths are referred to low-water datum for Lake Superior, which is taken at 601.6 feet above mean tide level at New York. This depth corresponds to a depth of 20.9 feet on the Lake Survey Chart No. 966 of this locality for the Duluth Harbor Basin, 98.9 feet for approaches to the Duluth Canal and Superior entry, 92.9 feet for Duluth Canal and Superior entry between the piers, 18.9 feet for Superior Harbor Basin, East and West Gates Basins, Superior Front Channel, and the channels of Allouez Bay, Howards Bay, St. Louis Bay, and the St. Louis River. Highest single gage RIVERS AND HARBORS--DULUTH, MINN., DISTRICT 1323 reading, November 28, 1905, was 3.7 feet above low-water datum; lowest single gage reading, January 23, 1926, was 1.95 feet below low-water datum; the annual fluctuation is about 1 foot. The estimate of cost for new work, revised in 1930, is $5,936,000, exclusive of amounts expended on previous projects. The latest (1930) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $52,000. The existing project was authorized by the following river and harbor acts: The act of June 3, 1896, provided for dredging alone (H. Ex. Doc. No. 59, 53d Cong., 3d sess.); the act of June 13, 1902, provided for rebuilding the piers at Superior entry; the act of March 2, 1907, provided for the enlargement of the plant for Supe- rior entry and for additional dredging near the draw span of the Northern Pacific Railroad bridge (H. Doc. No. 82, 59th Cong., 24 sess.); section 4 of the administrative act of May 28, 1908, provided! for dredging an additional area for the basin inside the Duluth entrance to a depth of 22 feet (H. Doc. No. 221, 60th Cong., 1st sess.); the act of July 27, 1916, provided for continuing improve- ments by enlarging the Superior Harbor Basin (H. Doc. No. 651,. 64th Cong., 1st sess.); the act of March 2, 1919, provided for remov- ing the shoal point in the southerly end of the East Gate Basin (H. Doc. No. 1018, 64th Cong., 1st sess.) ; and the acts of January 21, 1927 (H. Doc. No. 245, 69th Cong., 1st sess.); and July 3. 1930~ (R. and H. Com. Doc. No. 32, 71st Cong., 2d sess.), provided for the channel in Howards Bay. For latest published map see Annual' Report for 1903, page 1808, and River and Harbor Committee Docu- ment No. 32, Seventy-first Congress, second session. Recommended modifications of project.-None. Local cooperation.-No conditions were imposed by law, and there was no cooperation other than as follows: Congress, by the river and harbor act of August 18, 1894, author- ized the Secretary of War to accept donations of land for the Duluth Canal site. The city of Duluth donated lands for that purpose which cost the city $12,237.04; acceptance was made by the Secretary of War July 12, 1897. The following work has been done for the benefit of the public with funds supplied by other sources than Congress: In 1870 the Lake Superior & Mississippi Railway Co. built 400 linear feet of outer breakwater at Duluth. Estimated cost, $50,000. In 1870 the city of Duluth and Northern Pacific Railway Co. jointly expended $43,791.84 in cutting Duluth Ship Canal through Minnesota Point. In 1871 and 1872 the city of Duluth built 4,490 linear feet of dike across Superior Bay, at a cost of $76,404.38. Terminal faoilities.-The harbor frontage is owned as follows: Railroad companies, about 21 per cent; private individuals, com- panies, or corporations, about 76 per cent; municipalities, about 1 per cent; State, less than 1 per cent; and Federal Government, about 1 per cent. The entire harbor area is 19 square miles, with about 49 miles of harbor frontage, only 6.7 miles of which are occupied by wharves. There are 10 railroads connecting with the water terminals, either directly or through affiliated lines. The iron-ore docks are 7 in number, aggregating 15,324 feet in length, with a total combined storage capacity of 819,100 gross tons. The coal docks, 21 in number, have an aggregate storage capacity of 13,046,000 tons of 2,000 pounds. 1324 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1932 There are 27 elevators in the harbor, with a total storage capacity